Anna Baczkowska

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• Doctor habil.
• Professor (Associate) at University of Gdańsk

Discourse markers (DMs) are linguistic expressions that convey different semantic and pragmatic values, managing and organizing the structure of spoken and written discourses. They can be either single‐word or multiword expressions (MWE), made up of conjunctions, adverbs, and prepositional phrases. Although DMs are the focus of many studies, some q...

The aim of this paper is to present a proposal of implicitness typology. The theoretical model we propose is compliant with neo-Gricean pragmatics and is explicitly designed to cover instances of offensive language on social media. The implicitness framework we propound has been empirically verified by means of a corpus-assisted analysis and comput...

The paper reports on a pilot study devoted to the analysis of opinions expressed by Facebook discussants related to the immigration crisis in Europe. Opinions were conceptualised as the subjective expression of evaluation. The data were investigated in line with an original, tri-partite typology consisting of 46 criteria of evaluative language comi...

The paper reports on a pilot study devoted to the analysis of opinions expressed by Facebook discussants related to the immigration crisis in Europe. Opinions were conceptualised as the subjective expression of evaluation. The data were investigated in line with an original, tripartite typology consisting of 46 criteria of evaluative language comin...

The paper analyses ironic comments as forms of expressing opinions posted by social media users, specifically on Polish Reddit. The study resorts to Gricean and neo-Gricean theories and typologies adapted to analyse the (syntactically) imperfect, spontaneous and colloquial discourse used online on social media. In this analysis, various corpus and...

The aim of the paper is to describe evaluative language in letters written by Maria Pawlikowska-Jasnorzewska to her husband. The study focuses on examples that illustrate the evaluation of objects related to culinary topics. Over sixty cases of evaluation have been identified in the purpose-built corpus of culinary contexts, where the primary part...

The aim of this paper is to evaluate and compare the readability level of the stem cell companies’ websites content and scientific articles devoted to this topic. Eight readability formulas were utilised to assess the readability of the information available on the 2020 top ten stem cell companies’ websites and of 24 scientific articles (12 researc...

The aim of the paper is to analyse select lexical parameters and text cohesion of academic texts automatically generated by several OpenAI LLM models (GPT) in order to (1) investigate the quality of GPT output relative to the original text; (2) compare the quality of various GPT models. The material used in the study comprised a fragment of a resea...

The aim of this paper is to shed some light on the linguistic concept of implicit offensiveness. On the one hand, implicitness will be juxtaposed with indirectness as the two concepts are not conceived of here as synonymous. On the other hand, a typology of offensiveness (vs offensive language and vs offendedness) will be proposed, as well as the o...

The goal of the paper is to present a Simplified Offensive Language (SOL) Taxonomy, its application and testing in the Second Annotation Campaign conducted between March-May 2023 on four languages: English, Czech, Lithuanian, and Polish to be verified and located in LLOD. Making reference to the previous Offensive Language taxonomic models proposed...

The paper investigates various definitions of the concept of opinion as opposed to factual or evidence-based statements and proposes a taxonomy of opinions expressed in English as identified in selected social media. A discussion situates opinions in the realm of pragmatics and reaches to philosophy of language and cognitive science. The research m...

The aim of the paper is to analyse select lexical parameters and text cohesion of academic texts automatically generated by several OpenAI LLM models (GPT) in order to (1) investigate the quality of GPT output relative to the original text; (2) compare the quality of various GPT models. The material used in the study comprised a fragment of a resea...

The current study represents an integrated model of explicit and implicit offensive language taxonomy. First, it focuses on a definitional revision and enrichment of the explicit offensive language taxonomy by reviewing the collection of available corpora and comparing tagging schemas applied there. The study relies mainly on the categories origina...

Using language models to detect or predict the presence of language phenomena in the text has become a mainstream research topic. With the rise of generative models, experiments using deep learning and transformer models trigger intense interest. Aspects like precision of predictions , portability to other languages or phenomena , scale have been c...

We describe an ongoing project, in which an informally organised international consortium is using the open source LARA platform to create multimodal annotated editions of Antoine de Saint-Exupéry's Le petit prince in multiple languages, so far French, English, Italian, Icelandic, Irish, Japanese, Polish, Farsi and Mandarin. LARA versions of the bo...

Swear words represent an important social vehicle for human communication that beyond mere insults are conventionally used for social bonding and bantering among other functions. However, to the best of our knowledge, no systematic typology of swear word functions has been proposed. In this article, such a typology is proposed in a top-down manner...

The present paper focuses on the presentation and discussion of aspects of OFFENSIVE LANGUAGE linguistic annotation, including the creation, annotation practice, curation, and evaluation of an OFFENSIVE LANGUAGE annotation taxonomy scheme, that was first proposed in Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk et al. (2021). An extended offensive language ontology compr...

Linguistic Linked Open Data (LLOD) are technologies that provide a powerful instrument for representing and interpreting language phenomena on a web-scale. The main objective of this paper is to demonstrate how LLOD technologies can be applied to represent and annotate a corpus composed of multiword discourse markers, and what the effects of this a...

The paper deals with offensive language gleaned from Twitter, encoded by (abusive) insults and verbal reactions to them. The study aims to analyse how they are constructed in terms of (i) the cognitive strategies employed by the insultees, (ii) rhetorical figures and (iii) linguistic devices used by both the insulters and insultees. The tweets are...

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie materiałów dydaktycznych do nauki ginącego języka australijskich Aborygenów – barngarla. Język barngarla należy do największej rodziny języków rdzennych mieszkańców Australii, Pama-Nyungan, na którą składa się w sumie ok. 300 języków. Barngarla to język z grupy Thura-Yura, który wymarł w roku 1960, jednak w roku 2...

INTRODUCTION: The functioning of patients with chronic disease is inseparably connected with the understanding of the essence of the disease, acceptance of the disease, and taking measures leading to achieving the best possible treatment results. AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of patients’ knowledge on their fu...

The paper discusses the concept of offensiveness, both explicit and implicit, in film dialogical discourse based on three parts of a romantic comedy. The differences between explicitness and implicitness on the one hand, and between implicitness and (in)directness on the other are presented in the theoretical part. Indirectness and implicitness are...

A popular idea in Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) is to use multimodal annotated texts, with annotations typically including embedded audio and translations, to support second and foreign (L2) learning through reading. An important question is how to create good quality audio, which can be done either through human recording or by a Text...

Discourse markers carry information about the discourse structure and organization, and also signal local dependencies or epistemological stance of speaker. They provide instructions on how to interpret the discourse, and their study is paramount to understand the mechanism underlying discourse organization. This paper presents a new language resou...

The aim of the study is to find out how the English form of address (FA) you is translated into Polish in professional and nonprofessional subtitles written for a romantic comedy What Women Want, directed by Nancy Meyers, and aired in 2000. The professional translation is compared with two types of nonprofessional translations—amateur subtitles (fa...

The aim of the study is to analyse how the English form of address you is translated into Polish in subtitles. The investigation is embedded in the framework of (im)politeness theory. The data used for the study comprise two types of non-professional renderings: amateur subtitles (fansubbing) and subtitles written by sophomore students of English P...

The main focus of the paper is the definitional revision and enrichment of offensive language typology, making reference to publicly available offensive language datasets and testing them on available pretrained lexical embedding systems. We review over 60 available corpora and compare tagging schemas applied there while making an attempt to explai...

This paper aims at providing a survey of the most popular online educational platforms and mobile apps for language learning. It gives an overview of the development and current trends in what is generally labelled computer-assisted language learning (CALL) with reference to select pedagogical theories; in particular, those embedded in the theoreti...

The 2021 EUROCALL conference engaged just under 250 speakers from 40 different countries. Cnam Paris and Sorbonne Université joined forces to host and organise the event despite the challenging context due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Originally programmed to be held on site in the heart of Paris, France, the EUROCALL organising team and executive com...

This paper aims to propose a typology of replies to insults based on data retrieved from Twitter, which is ripe with offensive comments. The proposed typology is embedded in the theory of impoliteness, and it hinges on the notion of the perlocutionary effect. It assumes that what counts as an insult depends primarily on whether or not an utterance...

The aim of the present article is to describe the methods and forms of e-learning implemented to classes of medical English to Polish students in the summer semester in 2020 at Nicolaus Copernicus University (NCU) in Torun. The theoretical framework of the proposed e-learning was based on the assumptions voiced by constructivism. The article also d...

Link to connect to conference: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/88978501174?pwd=cDBIcXE4QmFrcnVBa2c4emY3bWV3Zz09 Meeting ID: 889 7850 1174 Passcode: Conf2021 Conference registration: https://www.ateneum.edu.pl/rekrutacja/rejestracja-na-konferencje-2

On Thursday, March 4 at 10.00, The Faculty of Modern Languages invites you to participate in the First International Philological Conference "Changes & Challenges 2021 - Language, Culture and Education". Link to connect to conference: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/88978501174?pwd=cDBIcXE4QmFrcnVBa2c4emY3bWV3Zz09 Conference registration: https://www...

This article presents a lexical analysis of two types of medical texts written in Polish: hospital discharge summaries and image reports. The aim of the analysis is to assess the readability of the medical texts under investigation and its importance in the process of translation. It was assumed that the language of discharge summaries should be re...

Central Asia (CA) is a region spanning five countries (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan) which emerged after the fall of the Soviet Union. Recently, the biggest CA country – Kazakhstan – spurs a growing interest in the media due to its rapid development and the emerging role as the key player in Central Asia economy,...

Publisher: Ateneum-Szkoła Wyższa w Gdańsku, Editor: Katarzyna Kukowicz-Żarska, ISSN 2719-8537 (online), ISSN 2353-2912 (print), DOI: 10.36575/2353-2912/2(8)2020

The Multilevel Educational and Motivational Intervention in Patients after Myocardial Infarction (MEDMOTION) project will be adopted to support adherence to the study treatment in the Evaluation Safety and Efficacy of Two Ticagrelor-based De-escalation Antiplatelet Strategies in Acute Coronary Syndrome (ELECTRA-SIRIO 2) a randomized clinical trial....

The present volume focuses on complimenting behavior, including the awarding of (self-)praise, as manifested on social media. These commonplace activities have been found to fulfil a wide range of functions in face-to-face interaction, discoursal and relational amongst others. However, even though the giving of compliments and praise has become a p...

Forum Filologiczne Ateneum / Ateneum Philological Forum 1(8)2020 Katarzyna Kukowicz-Żarska (Ed.), ISSN 2353-2912 (print), ISSN 2719-8537 (online)

The paper presents an analysis of the language used on the Internet (social media) by Poles living in Norway. Emphasis is placed on identity construction, integration and impoliteness strategies. The material presented in this study was retrieved from a corpus which was collected as part of a project devoted to national identity in immigration disc...

The aim of this paper is to discuss how the problem of obesity is re-presented by two online newspapers of conservative leaning: the British paper The Daily Telegraph and the Chinese China Daily. The two web-based press corpora, ca. 190,000 words in size, used in the study were compiled using the WebBootCat method. The methodology used to analyse t...

The aim of this paper is to check whether the information for colon cancer patients available on top websites devoted to this disease is comprehensible for the readers or whether, due to high saturation with special medical terms, it is beyond the recommended readability level of an average internet user. Two main criteria of analysis were involved...

W artykule omówiono wyniki badań ilościowych dotyczących przekładu form adresatywnych w apelatywie, z języka angielskiego na język polski, w dwóch nieprofesjonalnych tłumaczeniach filmu What Women Want („Czego pragną kobiety”). Porównano trzy przekłady amatorskie (tzw. wersje fansubbing) oraz trzy przekłady studentów filologii angielskiej. Wyniki a...

Nur-Sultan (until recently called Astana), is the capital of Kazakhstan, which in 1998 was moved from Alma-Ata to a small village located in the central part of the country in the middle of a vast Kazakh Steppe. The capital is mostly known for its severe climate, futuristic and technologically advanced architecture, as well as for organizing intern...

Katarzyna Kukowicz-Żarska (Ed.), ISSN: 2353-2912

The aim of this paper is to discuss how the problem of obesity is represented by two online newspapers of conservative leaning: the British The Daily Telegraph and the Chinese China Daily. The two web-based press corpora, ca. 190,000 words in size, were used in the study compiled using the WebBootCat method. The methodology used to analyse the data...

The aim of the paper is to study how the problem of mass migration is presented in the British press. Frequency of occurrences of the words “migrants” and “migration” are analysed in four British press titles: two newspapers represent a conservative bias and two a centre-left political alignment; at the same time, two newspapers exemplify quality p...

Obraz Polaka imigranta w brytyjskiej prasie opiniotwórczej: analiza korpusowa i krytyczna analiza dyskursu 1. Wstęp Celem badania opisanego w niniejszym artykule jest znalezienie cech wartościujących Polaków w korpusie brytyjskiej prasy opiniotwórczej. Dane materiałowe pochodzą z korpusów prasy brytyjskiej. Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu wskazanie, j...

Automatyczna analiza dyskursu medycznego Automated analysis of medical discourse Streszczenie Wstęp. Język i styl artykułów medycznych publikowanych w czasopismach naukowych jest rzadko podejmowanym tematem badań. Niniejsze studium ma na celu przeprowadzenie wstępnej automatycznej ewaluacji tekstów medycznych i opisanie dyskursu medycznego pod wz...

The paper describes lexical bundles (Biber 1996) occurring in research medical texts. Two corpora of medical texts are used to analyse lexical bundles both qualitatively and quantitatively: a corpus of articles published in Polish journals and a corpus of texts published in British journals (largely in the British Medical Journal). The investigatio...

Using language corpora in teaching English for Medical Purposes and in translation of research medical texts Abstract: The aim of this paper is to discuss the problem of how corpus linguistics can be used in the field of English for medical purposes (EMP), in particular in: teaching medical English, teaching medical translation, assisting translato...

The aim of the paper is to show the applicability of corpus– driven methodology to media discourse analysis. Theoretically, the study assumes that the semantic meaning of a lexical item is emergent and distributed, i.e. it resides in the word under investigation as well as the collocations with which it co–occurs. Methodologically, the analysis is...

Tytuł: Podejścia dyskursywne w teorii (nie)grzeczności Title: Discursive approaches in theory of (im)politeness The paper presents recent approaches to politeness and impoliteness studies. Drawing on the classical models of politeness proposed by Brown and Levinson (1978), Lakoff (1973) and Leech (1983) as well as Goffman's theory of face, it focus...