Anita Komlodi

University of Maryland, Baltimore County | UMBC · Department of Information Systems

Visualizations can enhance the efficiency of Cyber Defense Analysts, Cyber Defense Incident Responders and Network Operations Specialists (Subject Matter Experts, SME) by providing contextual information for various cybersecurity-related datasets and data sources. We propose that customized, stereoscopic 3D visualizations, aligned with SMEs interna...

As Virtual Reality (VR) products are becoming more widely available in the consumer market, improving the usability of these devices and environments is crucial. In this paper, we are going to introduce a framework for the usability evaluation of collaborative 3D virtual environments based on a large-scale usability study of a mixed-modality collab...

The availability of information in many languages on the Web allows multilingual searchers to search in multiple languages at the same time. Few studies have examined how multilingual web users seek information in two or more languages online, specifically how they switch languages in order to get satisfying search results. This research investigat...

The availability of information in different languages on the Internet allows multilingual web users to search in multiple languages for the same search task. When searchers can search in multiple languages, they may combine these languages in various ways during searching. Few studies have examined multilingual web users' language switching behavi...

Searchers today are often faced with searching in a language that is not their native language. Searching in a foreign language will necessarily differ from searching in a native language. In this paper we examine one step of the foreign-language searching process: selection decisions about web search results. We report the results of an analysis o...

Multilingual Information Retrieval systems and interfaces tackle the challenges multilingual searchers face when searching for information in multiple languages. In this paper, we present preliminary findings from a qualitative study of design and evaluation of a multilingual search User Interface, TranSearch. Findings highlight that 1) during quer...

In this paper, we present preliminary findings from an exploratory mixed-methods study of foreign-language searchers' credibility assessment of web documents when searching in English. Findings highlight a set of criteria used by these searchers to assess the credibility and accuracy of English web sources, the most frequent of which relates to sou...

International medical graduates (IMGs) are medical professionals who have immigrated to the United States (US) or Canada (Ca) in hopes of integrating into the labor market. IMGs can be a very helpful resource supplying a diverse background and expertise to the medical system in the host country [Chen et al., 2010]. However, immigration and integrat...

In this paper we describe learning that happens when searchers look for information in a foreign language. A strong disparity exists between the language distribution of Web content and the representation of speakers of different languages among Web users. The proportion of Web content available in English is much larger than the proportion of nat...

We examine the competencies required of information users navigating new and different information landscapes. Building on a case study of International Medical Graduates who have immigrated to North America, we develop a nuanced definition of information literacy and specifically examine the impact of trans-national information practices on the ex...

The leadership mindset and associated skills have become a mainstay in the education and practice of information professionals. Our own policies, pedagogies, and attitudes become part and parcel of the educational environment we foster and serve as role models for students. Guided by the discussion of selected human resources practices at Google, a...

International medical graduates (IMGs) are medical professionals who have immigrated to the United States (US) or Canada (Ca) in hopes of integrating into the labor market. IMGs can be a very helpful resource supplying a diverse background and expertise to the medical system in the host country [Chen et al., 2010]. However, immigration and integrat...

Non-native English speakers (NNESs) often search in English due to the limited availability of information in their native language on the Web. Information seeking in a non-native language can present special challenges for users. Current research literature on non-native language search behavior is insufficient and even less is known about how onl...

The Virtual Desktop series of experiments of the NeuroCogSpace project is an explorative research on collaboration behavior in virtual space applying Virtual Collaboration Arena (VirCA). A series of methodological challenges such as application of EEG, ECG, and mobile eye-tracking in immersive Virtual Reality (VR) environment were introduced. In th...

Online searching is a central element of internet users' information behaviors. Searching is usually executed in a user's native language, but searching in English as a foreign language is often necessitated by the lack of content in languages that are underrepresented in Web content. This paper reports results from a study of searching in English...

Increasingly, adults and children socialise and communicate online. Children's safe and secure online communication with people from all over the world can increase their understanding of other cultures, which is an important goal in today's multicultural world. Our research studied such interactions between children from three countries, Hungary,...

Our research explores how interruptive notifications support task management in a desktop environment. We conducted two user studies with a community of open source software users and developers to explore their experience with interruptive notifications. We found that certain kinds of notifications support multitasking, task prioritization, task m...

The aim of the article is to describe the nature of usability issues in a new virtual environment designed for collaboration through an information-based task. The virtual environment models a collaborative problem space of scheduling a two-day trip for students in a tourist office. Usability issues are analyzed within the framework of James Reason...

Collaboration over great distances can be hindered by the lack of interpersonal rapport. Even simple non-verbal communicative gestures, such as gaze direction or pointing can greatly support better understanding between collaborators. In our demonstration we present the information management task that we employed in the NeuroCogSpace project to be...

Background. Foreign-trained health professionals arrive in the United States and Canada to find a professional environment that is often unwelcoming and complex. Objectives. We examine the nature of information in foreign-trained health professionals’ lives as they attempt to integrate into the North American labor market. We focus on the role that...

This paper describes elements of user experience of a collaborative 3D immersive virtual information management environment. We detail those elements that are seen to both improve and deteriorate user experience, and provide design guidance for researchers and designers. We designed the 3D virtual environment in the Virtual Collaboration Arena (Vir...

Non-native English speakers (NNESs) often search in English due to the limited availability of information in their native language on the Web. Information seeking in a non-native language can present special challenges for users. Current research literature on non-native language search behavior is insufficient and even less is known about how onl...

This work-in-progress shows a relationship between future use of technology and emotional experience and describes how this relationship can be used as a measurement of the user experience. We found a consistent relationship between future use of technology and emotional experience under different contextual scenarios in two studies of the interrup...

Foreign-trained health professionals (doctors, nurses, physical therapists, and others) arrive in the US and Canada every year to find a professional environment that is often unwelcoming and complex. In this work-in-progress poster we explore the experiences and information behavior of these professionals as they search for health- and career-rela...

Background. Foreign-trained health professionals arrive in the United States and Canada to find a professional environment that is often unwelcoming and complex. Objectives. We examine the nature of information in foreign-trained health professionals' lives as they attempt to integrate into the North American labor market. We focus on the role that...

Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVAs) are computer systems that have specifically designed capabilities ranging from simple conversation agents to complex systems that can accomplish activities on our behalf. As a result, state of the art Computerized Conversation Agents (CCAs) have been developed to have a fluid dialog with humans using natural langua...

The goal of this paper is to describe the design of a collaborative 3D immersive virtual information management environment. This environment was developed in order to study collaborative information retrieval behavior by users. In the first phase of research we designed and developed this environment in the Virtual Collaboration Arena (VirCA) coll...

The Internet as a source of information became extremely important among information seekers in recent years. However, current Web technologies have created the opportunity for information producers to easily and anonymously publish information that can often be of questionable quality. Due to the absence of an editorial function (in most cases) us...

The paper will describe the preliminary results of ongoing research on human-information behavior in 3D immersive virtual environments.

Taking individual differences into consideration is a foundational issue of Human-Computer Interaction research. The current paper examines the differences that arise during native and foreign language information-seeking tasks. Seventeen Hungarian college students, with significant but non-heritage knowledge of English, participated in the study....

More and more people search online in a language that is not their native language due to the limited availability of content in underrepresented languages [1]. Most such users search in English as a second language. Very few researchers studied the challenges second language searchers face, even though searching in a foreign language and language...

This paper explores the relationship between emotion and the notification experience. We found a strong relationship between the user emotions used to describe interruptive notification experiences and whether the users wanted similar interruptive notifications again in the future. Participants were likely to want similar future interruptive notifi...

Though today's children have many chances to interact with technology, what they understand about technology from their point of view still needs to be explored. In this poster we report how children define technology and what they understand technology to be in a real-life context. We use qualitative methods aiming to identify the differences in c...

This paper describes a post-hoc analysis of the relationship between the socialness of an interruptive notification and the emotional tone of the words used to describe the experience through a One-Word-Response (OWR). Out of the 89 responses analyzed, 73% of participants used emotional words to describe their notification experiences. There was a...

Reliance on the Internet as a source of information has increased dramatically in recent years among information seekers. The reliability of information on the Internet can sometimes be questionable due to the absence of an editorial function. Users need to carefully consider the quality of the information before using it. The goal of this research...

Testing the usability of 3D immersive virtual environments presents several challenges that are not faced when evaluating 2D computer user interfaces. This paper describes the methodological lessons learned in the testing of the usability of the Wii input device in the 3D Virtual Collaboration Areana (VirCA, virca.hu) immersive virtual environment...

Users judge the credibility of websites while browsing for information. The criteria that influence how they judge the credibility depend on many factors. In this study we found that computer expertise had a strong impact on what criteria users used in their credibility judgments. Participants evaluated websites they found while searching and descr...

This ongoing exploratory study has two main goals: to compare information seeking behavior (1) across two cultures and (2) across the users' native and foreign languages. A secondary goal is the evaluation of the capability of psychophysiological data collection methods in the study of human-computer interaction (and especially the information inte...

Purpose The paper seeks to provide a foundational understanding of the socio‐technical system that is computer network intrusion detection, including the nature of the knowledge work, situated expertise, and processes of learning as supported by information technology. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a field study to explore the...

This study aimed at determining the user preferences and satisfaction concerning three-dimensional product representations in business-to-consumer electronic commerce. An experiment was designed and conducted on 20 college-age electronic shoppers to determine the user preference and satisfaction issues concerning two-dimensional (2D), three-dimensi...

In an increasingly networked world, information security is an increas- ingly important domain, but one that is not well understood. Yet, an under- standing of how this work is accomplished is crucial to designing tools and management policies to better support it. The work practice of intrusion de- tection analysts is a complex fusion of individua...

Managers of information systems face a knowledge crisis as they operate in increasingly heterogeneous, hostile, expertise-poor environments. This problem is compounded for small organizations. This paper presents results from field research on the feasibility of fostering cross-organizational knowledge sharing in order to expand access to expertise...

The integration of data from diverse fields of ecological research is paramount in the discovery of new ecological patterns and processes. The spatial exploration of an integrated dataset that spans multiple studies and disciplines can allow researchers to gain unforeseen insight into their data, spawn new research questions and hypotheses and iden...

Diabetes is a common chronic illness among children, with 13,000 new cases diagnosed each year. School nurses are in a unique position to facilitate the improvement of health for students with diabetes, but they face many challenges in acquiring diabetes knowledge, communicating with parents and healthcare providers, and managing children and adole...

Interaction history tools record interactions between users and systems, allowing users to annotate, edit, and replay their activities. Search history tools, a class of interaction history recorders, preserve search, browse, and other information-seeking steps. These tools include web browser histories and history lists in online full-text database...

This study aimed at determining the effects of three-dimensional product representations on e-commerce shoppers' purchasing decisions. An experiment was designed and conducted with twenty graduate student electronic shoppers. Three representation types were used: 2-Dimensional (2D), 3-Dimensional Low-Interaction (3DL), and 3-Dimensional High-Intera...

The use of computers for human-to-human communication among adults has been studied for many years, but using computer technology to enable children from all over the world to talk to each other has rarely been discussed by researchers. The goal of our research is to fill this gap and explore the design and evaluation of children’s cross-language o...

Recording search histories, presenting them to the searcher, and building additional interface tools on them offer many opportunities for supporting user tasks in information seeking and use. This study investigated the use of search history information in legal information seeking. Qualitative methods were used to explore how attorneys and law lib...

This poster describes the results of usability evaluation of a novel search history tool and a set of iteratively developed user interface design guidelines for search histories that support execution of complex tasks by information seekers. Search histories have a great potential in search support. To support the information seekers' needs, an int...

Hall (1976) believes that culture is a selective screen through which we see the world and that the basic differences in the way members from different cultures perceive reality are responsible for the mis-communications of the most fundamental kind. Hofstede (1997) notes that cultural orientations are deeply embedded in cultures over hundreds and...

Relying on naturalistic observation, via video self-documentaries, contextual interviews, and focus groups, we explored gender differences in the information and communication technology (ICT) perception and use of United States middle school students. Our study revealed four key dimensions which foreground the significant gender differences in how...

Intrusion detection analysis requires understanding the context of an event, usually discovered by examining packet-level detail. When analysts attempt to construct the big picture of a security event, they must move between high-level representations and these low-level details. This continual shifting places a substantial cognitive burden on the...

The authors describe user interface tools based on search histories to support legal information seekers. The design of the tools was informed by the results of a user study (Komlodi, 2002a) that examined the use of human memory, external memory aids, and search his- tories in legal information seeking and derived interface design recommendations f...

When performing packet-level analysis in intrusion detection, analysts often lose sight of the big picture while examining these low-level details. In order to prevent this loss of context and augment the available tools for intrusion detection analysis tasks, we developed an information visualization tool, the time-based network traffic visualizer...

This paper presents the intrusion detection toolkit (IDtk), an information visualization tool for intrusion detection (ID). IDtk was developed through a user-centered design process, in which we identified design guidelines to support ID users. ID analysts protect their networks by searching for evidence of attacks in ID system output, firewall and...

We are rapidly constructing a global network infrastructure for moving information across national boundaries. Is there a universal way of developing and using the Internet across different geographic areas with different culture? The first panelist in this session will discuss cultural, economic, political systems differences between United States...

From this overall challenge follow many specific challenges. A system to support intellectual work and daily planning and decision making must provide an environment in which the user can (1) focus on tasks rather than on computer applications, requiring functional or vertical integration, and (2) seamlessly communicate and collaborate with other p...

Intrusion detection (ID) analysts are charged with ensuring the safety and integrity of today's high-speed computer networks. Their work includes the complex task of searching for indications of attacks and misuse in vast amounts of network data. Although there are several information visualization tools to support ID, few are grounded in a thoroug...

When performing packet-level analysis in intrusion detection, analysts often lose sight of the "big picture" while examining these low-level details. In order to prevent this loss of context and augment the available tools for intrusion detection analysis tasks, we developed an information visualization tool, the Time-based Network traffic Visualiz...

The work of intrusion detection (ID) in accomplishing network security is complex, requiring highly sought-after expertise. While limited automation exists, the role of human ID analysts remains crucial. This paper presents the results of an exploratory field study examining the role of expertise and collaboration in ID work. Through an analysis of...

Intrusion detection (ID) systems have become increasingly accepted as an essential layer in the information security infrastructure. However, there has been little research into understanding the human component of ID work. Currently, security analysts face an increasing workload as their environments expand and attacks become more frequent. We con...

This paper reports a framework for designing information visualization (IV) tools for monitoring and analysis activities. In this user study, the domain for these activities is network intrusion detection (ID). User-centered design methods have been widely used for many years, however, innovative IV displays are often developed with limited conside...

This paper reports the results of an extensive user study that examined information seekers' use of their memory and externally recorded search histories in searching for and using information in the legal domain. The ultimate goal of the research is to design search-history-based user interface tools to support information seeking. The results rep...

Intrusion detection (ID) systems have become increasingly accepted as an essential layer in the information security infrastructure. However, there has been little research into understanding the human component of ID work. Currently, security analysts face an increasing workload as their environments expand and attacks become more frequent. We con...

Information seeking (IS) and use are important user tasks supported by information systems. There is a long tradition of studying user IS behavior in electronic environments, however, the study of the impact of end-user national culture on the use of information systems to find, retrieve, and use information is very limited. This area of research i...

Viewing digital libraries as sociotechnical systems, networks of people and technology interacting with society. The contributors to this volume view digital libraries (DLs) from a social as well as technological perspective. They see DLs as sociotechnical systems, networks of technology, information artifacts, and people and practices interacting...

Digital libraries (DL) are increasingly broader in scope and reach, spanning geographical and cultural boundaries. Yet little research is available on the influence of culture as it pertains to the design and use of digital libraries. To address these considerations, a workshop was organized at Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (JCDL) 2003, the...

The advent of digitization has enabled individuals, institutions, and communities to create and disseminate digital representations of their cultural heritage in digital libraries (DL). These digital collections are increasingly broader in scope and reach, spanning geographical and cultural boundaries. They serve users from their originating cultur...

This paper reports (1) on the results of a user study and (2) search-history-based user interface tools developed based on the results of the study. The research described is part of a dissertation (Komlodi 2002) that examined the use of search histories in legal information seeking and derived interface design recommendations for information stora...

This paper reports on a study examining attorneys= and law librarians= use of their memory and information they record externally in searching for, using, and sharing legal information. The paper suggests automatically and manually recording search histories and basing user interface tools on this information to support mental model building and kn...

The research overview described focuses on the design of search history displays to support information seeking (IS). It examines users' IS activities, current and potential use of histories, and building on this theoretical framework, assesses prototype interfaces that integrate these histories into search systems. Preliminary results described in...

A method is described for visualizing the contents of a Web site with a hierarchical table of contents using a Java program and applet called WebTOC. The automatically generated expand/contract table of contents provides graphical information indicating the number of elements in branches of the hierarchy as well as individual and cumulative sizes....

The Human-Computer Interaction Lab worked with a team for the Library of Congress (LC) to develop and test interface designs for LC's National Digital Library Program. Three iterations are described and illustrate the progression of the project toward a compact design that minimizes scrolling and jumping and anchors users in a screen space that tig...

NASA's Earth Science Information Partnership Federation is an experiment funded to assess the ability of a group of widely heterogeneous earth science data or service providers to self organize and provide improved and cheaper access to an expanding earth science user community. As it is organizing itself, the federation is mandated to set in place...

NASA's Earth Science Information Partnership Federation is an experiment funded to assess the ability of a group of widely heterogeneous earth science data or service providers to self organize and provide improved and affordable access to an expanding earth science user community. As it is self-organizing, the Federation is mandated to set in plac...

In this paper, we describe a tool that allows people to browse several characteristics of federal statistical data contained in two hundred web sites before committing to any specific site. The design process used and results from usability testing for the Relation Browser tool are presented and recommendations for comparable applications are made.

This paper describes a collaborative effort to explore user needs in a digital library, develop interface prototypes for a digital library, and suggest and prototype tools for digital librarians and users at the Library of Congress (LC). Interfaces were guided by an assessment of user needs and aimed to maximize interaction with primary resources a...

This paper describes a collaborative effort to explore user needs in a digital library, develop interface prototypes for a digital library and suggest and prototype tools for digital librarians and users at the Library of Congress (LC). Interfaces were guided by an assessment of user needs and aimed to maximize interaction with primary resources an...

Because of unique temporal and spatial properties of video data, different techniques for summarizing videos have been proposed. Key frames extracted directly from video inform users about content without requiring them to view the entire video. As part of ongoing work to develop video browsing interfaces, several interface displays based on key fr...

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An abstract is not available.

Digitized video is an important format in digital libraries. Browsing video surrogates saves user time, storage capacity and avoids unnecessary downloading of large files. The study presented in this paper compared dynamic and static presentation techniques for key frames extracted from video documents. For this study key frames were automatically...

Understanding the information-seeking process and developing systems and strategies for supporting it are central goals of information science. Research in the organization and communication of information is best informed by studies of the interactions among people and external information sources. However, information technology has advanced so r...

This paper outlines some of our preliminary findings in the Perseus Project, an on-going digital library on ancient Greek culture that has been under development since 1987.

As an extension of the International Children's Digital Library, the ICDLCommunities project will enable children's communities to develop around the book collection, build tools that allow intercultural communication between children without the use of machine translation, and promote cross-cultural understanding. It will provide a supportive, saf...

Online search tools are global in their reach, but the design of their user interfaces often only reflects the needs of local user groups. Searchers can come from all over the world and so can the content of that is being returned by search queries. Cultural differences have been shown to affect the way people interact with computers and look for i...