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317
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Introduction
Dr. Anil Kumar has more than 19+ years of research and teaching experience in higher technical education. His area of interest is solar thermal technology, distribution of energy generation, clean energy technologies and application in buildings. He has published several books on Energy and Environmental Engineering . He has published more than 450 research articles in journals and at International conferences. Dr. Kumar has carried various projects in the Solar thermal engineering.
Additional affiliations
Education
December 2001 - August 2006
August 2000 - December 2001
July 1995 - July 2000
Publications
Publications (317)
The industrial revolution has exacerbated climate change on Earth, mostly due to variables such as rising ambient temperatures, increased levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and the presence of environmental contaminants. To address this issue, it is imperative to promptly embrace sustainable alternatives. Plasterboard technology presents...
This work aims to investigate the effect of potato slice sample mass on the performance of a domesticated potato solar dryer (DPSD) under natural and forced con-vection modes (NC and FC modes). The drying kinetics of potato slices with varying sample masses of 68, 100 and 138 g have been evaluated. The average final moisture content under NC and FC...
The growth and implementation of sustainable thermoelectric materials for solar energy applications are investigated in this review article. Subsequently, thermoelectric materials provide a viable means of directly transforming solar heat into electricity, they are essential to improving the sustainability and efficiency of solar energy systems. Th...
In this study, a partially portable indirect solar dryer (ISD) was constructed and potato slice drying characteristics
were analyzed compared to the open-sun drying (OSD) method. Potato slice samples were prepared and the
experiment was carried out for two days. Weight reduction environment temperature, collector plate tempera-
ture, drying chambe...
In this paper, a novel design of sinusoidal corrugated hybrid household indirect solar dryer has been proposed. Hybrid household indirect solar dryer system has embedded with a novel sinusoidal corrugated solar collector. CFD simulations at five different mass flow rates at 500 W/m 2 were done using ANSYS FLUENT software to optimise the mass flow r...
Solar dryers present a clean and affordable solution to food wastage which is one of the biggest concerns of the world. The highest contribution of domestic sector to the global food waste and lack of researches on small-scale solar dryers have created a need to develop sustainable and low cost domestic solar dryers. The present research aims to de...
Purpose- Food loss and wastage is an issue of global concern and the household sector is one of the biggest contributors to this. Solar drying has been explored by many eminent researchers as a solution to this problem but there have been concerns about the lack in designs, higher cost, lower performance, and consumer acceptability. The present res...
Agriculture is the lifeline for South Asian countries, which provides more than 35% of employment in South Asian countries. This sector also actively participates in the GDP of nations. After industrialization, the machinery and implements which run on energy were deployed in the agriculture sector. This decreased the manual labor and time consumed...
Solar dryers have been tested with various simple and complex design modifications for better efficiencies. This article attempts to investigate the effect of a very simple design modification on the no‐load performance of a natural convection domestic solar dryer (NCDSD). A direct‐type domestic solar dryer has been developed with an air cavity sur...
Tracking is important in a system that harnesses solar energy. Single axis tracking mechanism is cheaper and simple to develop but because of the limitation of tracking axis, this system is less efficient than dual axis. Dual-axis tracking systems necessitate a large number of equipment, sensors, motors, and a lengthy computer program to function p...
In this study, experimental works were carried out in three different drying methods named heat exchanger-evacuated tube-assisted drying system (HE-ETADS), greenhouse solar dryer (GHSD), and open sun drying (OSD) to compare thin-layer drying kinetics, concept of mass transfer, and quality assessment of banana slices. Initial moisture content (MC) o...
Clean energy production has become flagship program of all countries as per the agenda of UNFCCC COP-27. Thermoelectric generator (TEG) has become popular candidate for Green energy. This paper reviews the principle of thermoelectricity, developmental history of solar and waste heat-based thermoelectric power generation, thermoelectric hybrid syste...
This study evaluated the performance of an indirect type domestic hybrid solar dryer (ITDHSD) for drying tomato
flakes in terms of thermal, environmental, economical, and quality parameters. The dryer achieved a final
moisture content of 9% (wb) in 10 h during November 2021. Average heat utlisation factor and coefficient of
performance during exper...
Electric vehicles (EVs) have become a viable solution to the emerging global climate crisis. Rechargeable battery packs are the basic unit of the energy storage system of these vehicles. The battery thermal management system (BTMS) is the primary control unit of the energy source of the vehicles. EV performance is governed by specific power, chargi...
Pearl millet (Pennisetumglaucum (L.)) is the fifth most important cereal crop in the world after rice, wheat, maize and sorghum. A resolution adopted by the UN General Assembly on 3 March 2021 decided to declare 2023 as the International Year of Millets. Millet has been promoted due to its nutritional value and low irrigation requirement. In this s...
In the present work, an experimental investigation and mathematical modeling of tomato waste hot air drying (HAD) were conducted for drying temperatures of 50 and 60°C, and air velocities of 1 and 2 m s⁻¹. Kinetics, mathematical modeling, and optimization of biological properties using response surface methodology (RSM) were investigated. Increasin...
Solar dryers have always been criticized for their lower performances. There are numerous ways to define the performance of a solar drying system such as thermal performance, drying kinetics, environmental aspects, economic evaluations, and quality of the dried product. Different modeling techniques have also been developed to design and analyze so...
In the present study, thermal performance of greenhouse solar dryer (GHSD) was analyzed at full load of
peppermint leaves for dehydration. The experiments were conducted in both GHSD and sun drying processes to
compare drying characteristics, thermal properties, and quality assessment of peppermint leaves. The maximum
drying cabin temperature at...
Drying via solar energy is an environmentally friendly and inexpensive process. For controlled and bulk level drying, a greenhouse solar dryer is the most suitable controlled level solar dryer. The efficiency of a solar greenhouse dryer can be increased by using thermal storage. The agricultural products dried in greenhouses are reported to be of a...
Scheffler reflector (10 m²) integrated peppermint oil (PO) extraction distillation system is developed. Optical loss in reflector and thermal loss in solar still, steam line, and condenser are determined. A solar distillation system of peppermint plants is also subjected to thermal energetic and exergetic study. Exergy and optical efficiencies are...
Essential oils extracted from herbal plants have many foods, cosmetic and medical industries applications. Present study discussed various conventional extraction techniques (steam distillation, hydro-distillation, hydro diffusion and solvent extraction) and advanced (non-conventional) extraction techniques (solvent free microwave extraction, subcr...
Present research work focuses on applying response surface methodology (RSM) in optimization and modeling dried banana slices in a hybrid indirect solar dryer. The relationship of independent variables in terms of mass of banana slices (kg), drying chamber temperature (°C), water flow rate (L/hr), and geometry (cm²). Therefore, responses of interes...
This communication focuses on the experimental investigation of mixed heat storage based hybrid greenhouse dryer. The proposed system is a combination of a solar air heater and greenhouse dryer. The mixed heat storage material is applied on the bed of the dryer, which is a combination of paraffin wax and black painted gravel. The tomato flakes were...
This paper aims to design and analyse a stand-alone triple basin solar desalination system (TBSS). Geometry for the triple basin solar desalination system equipped with parabolic concentrator is modelled on ANSYS. Simulation analysis is carried out on ANSYS Fluent v19.2 at the atmospheric conditions of Delhi (28.7041° N, 77.1025° E). All modes of h...
Present article is an overview of available solar drying technologies developed for small rural agricultural farms emphasizing domestic applications. A huge amount (about 61%) of perishable items gets wasted annually at the household level due to lack of awareness, negligence, improper handling, and inadequate storage facilities. Domestic solar dry...
Among various photovoltaic (PV) devices, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) represent an outstanding choice due to their low cost, easy fabrication procedures, and eco-friendly nature. The photoanode, sensitizer, electrolyte, and counter electrode are basic elements that contribute to the performance of DSSCs. Counter electrode (CE) materials play...
A prototype heat exchanger-evacuated tube assisted drying system (HE-ETADS) has been fabricated and tested under unload conditions in active mode at different water flow rates (10, 20, and 30Ltr/hr). Experimental work was conducted in three different categories. Category-I: drying system in stagnation condition, Category-II: all fans are in operati...
Cement production utilizes a considerable amount of energy which is also responsible for different greenhouse gas emissions. This review aims to help the cement industry to select the best method for improving energy efficiency and emission reduction. Various energy conservation and emission reduction approaches are considered for raw meal preparat...
The demand for rubber gloves has significantly increased in both medical and non-medical fields due to the spread of the coronavirus in 2019. It is challenging for rubber glove manufacturing industries to balance the production and demand for the product. Additionally, they must determine techniques to decrease the production costs so as to make ru...
Thermodynamic model of the solar power organic Rankine cycle (ORC) has been proposed in the present study. Model is developed in MATLAB 2018a for Cyclohexane/R123 mixture-based ORC system driven by series of N-collectors. Four different collector models namely: Case-I, “N series connection of photovoltaic thermal conventional compound parabolic (NP...
This study presents the energy assessment of 49 different crops in India, Bangladesh, China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia, Iran, Turkey, Australia, Nigeria and Thailand. According to the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), these crops were selected from the Indicative Crop Classification (ICC) i.e. cereals, vegetables, fruits, oilseed...
In this article, possibilities of biogas reforming techniques for hydrogen production are discussed. The consideration of biogas reforming to produce H2 and fuel cell application from membrane technology is presented. In steam reforming process, methane requires a high temperature for reaction, but a suitable catalyst can manage a higher temperatur...
This book encapsulates current information about the science behind solar energy and the solar thermal systems available to meet domestic needs. Several scholars have contributed to the chapters in the text in an effort to distill research-oriented topics for learners.
The book starts with an explainer on the fundamentals of thermodynamics, heat tr...
Thermal model is developed to predict the outlet water temperature with respect to time for water-in-tube type evacuated solar collector connected in series. Developed mathematical expression is validated for the single collector and two collectors connected in series. In each collector, there are 20 evacuated tubes connected to the storage tank. C...
An indirect type domestic hybrid solar dryer (ITDHSD) has been fabricated and its thermal performance, exergy and drying kinetics of tomatoes slice was analysed. Moisture in tomato slices was dried from 95% to 9% (wet basis) in 10 hours of solar drying in ITDHSD during the winter season. Drying curve obtained was fitted with different existing empi...
The efficiency and distillate output of traditional passive solar till is poor. Various investigators and researchers have modified the design components of passive solar still to enhance the performance and productivity. The influence of several changed designs is investigated in this study. It is seen that Fresnel lens integrated with single-slop...
Energy security depends upon the supply and demand of electricity. Power supply volatility is a challenge in India power sector. India is mainly dependent on coal, which is not a viable long-term option. Hence the future of energy supply in India is renewable energy, and solar energy is the most prominent and reliable source of renewable energy. Th...
Energy security depends upon the supply and demand of electricity. Power supply volatility is a challenge in India power sector. India is mainly dependent on coal, which is not a viable long-term option. Hence the future of energy supply in India is renewable energy, and solar energy is the most prominent and reliable source of renewable energy. Th...
Thermal model is developed to predict the outlet water temperature with respect to time for water-in-tube type evacuated solar collector connected in series. Developed mathematical expression is validated for the single collector and two collectors connected in series. In each collector, there are 20 evacuated tubes connected to the storage tank. C...
The main objective of this paper is to review the emission characteristics of homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines using different fuels and additives. Additionally, the impacts of various operating conditions on HCCI engine emissions are also analyzed. There is a demand faced by the engine and car manufacturers for high fuel effi...
This study aims to optimize peppermint oil extraction process using response surface methodology (RSM). Experiments were performed for different batch sizes (1500, 1700, and 1900 kg). System performance was evaluated in terms of thermal efficiency, productivity, essential oil yield (EOY), extraction efficiency, and CO2 emissions. Total energy consu...
Present work compares the performances of simple and modified greenhouse dryers for groundnut drying. A latent heat storage unit (LHSU) filled with beeswax (PCM) was used to modify a natural convection greenhouse dryer. Groundnut samples were dried in a modified greenhouse dryer (MGHD) and simple greenhouse dryer (SGHD) in June 2019 at GJUST, Hisar...
This article presents a preliminary study of solar industrial process heating (SIPH) potential for the Indian cement industry. To begin, data was gathered for (i) categorization of cement plants based on industrial categories (ii) yearly cement production capacity and actual output (state-by-state), (iii) specific thermal energy requirements for pr...
Introduction: During the challenging time of COVID-19 pandemic, the oncology community faces extraordinary issues to enhance the mental health of people with cancer and their caregivers. The family caregivers of patients receiving comforting care experience high levels of anxiety and depression. There is a strong necessity to assess and treat depre...
Introduction: Medical staff is in direct contact with the patients and experience high work pressure especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Direct contact with the patients could create some psychological problems in this group. Thus, the prevalence of such problems must be investigated. The present research aimed to study the level of stress, an...
Present work explores the effect of latent heat storage on the performance of a passive‐type mixed‐mode greenhouse dryer for groundnuts drying. Experiments were conducted for mixed‐mode greenhouse groundnuts drying (MMGGD), modified mixed‐mode greenhouse groundnuts drying (MMMGGD) and open sun groundnuts drying (OSGD) under the climate of Hisar (In...
Preservation of onion surplus during rainy and cloudy days is a big challenge for farmers in the so-far area in northern Sahara of Algeria. Thus, available renewable energies such as geo-exchange and solar energy could be an effective solution. In the current study, an insulated north wall solar dryer (INWSD) integrated with geo-exchange heat excha...
Water is the main factor for livings on earth. The requirement for potable water is rising gradually because of the rapid population growth. 71% earth’s area is occupied by oceans. So the availability of brine & brackish water is around 75% but for the human being all purposes like drinking, laboratories purposes & automobiles batteries we need fre...
This review highlights and summarizes the impact of different fabrication processes on the efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Energy conversion efficiency of cell depends upon semiconductor, sensitizer, electrolyte, and counter electrode. Efficiency of DSSCs can be enhanced by properly selecting the optimum significance of various pa...
Solar air heater or solar heating system is a very useful solar thermal product used for multiple purposes such as drying, space heating, desalination, and various industrial applications for low temperature. In this communication, a comprehensive study on the energy-exergy analysis of sensible heat storage based on double pass solar air heater wit...
The newly developed Heat Exchanger Evacuated Tube Assisted Drying System (HE-ETADS) is fabricated in roof of campus of MITS, Gwalior, India. Heat transfer analysis of developed drying system is carried out by drying mushroom inside it. The heat transfer coefficient plays a significant role in drying method. The study emphasizes on determining the c...
This research work discusses the exergy and energy analysis of an innovative double pass solar air heater with sensible heat storage. The system is evaluated in three different operating conditions; namely, natural convection mode, induced forced convection mode, and induced forced convection mode with a reflector. Performance analysis in all opera...
In the present work, fresh banana slices were dehydrated at various drying air temperatures (35, 40, and 45°C) using novel heat pump–assisted drying system (HPADS) operating in a close loop. Drying air temperature significantly influences the drying time; as the drying temperature increases, drying time is reduced linearly. Increase in slice thickn...
The use of solar stills in rural regions are becoming increasingly popular as it is an economical solution for drinking water from saline water sources. Many researchers have worked for the improvement of conventional solar still to enhance productivity. Costly and time-consuming processes of operation in solar stills encourage many scholars to ana...
Solar distillation is one of the most promising solutions to provide freshwater in limited-population communities with high availability of solar radiation and poor accessibility to safe and clean water. Until now, several types of solar stills have been developed including wick-type stills, stepped stills, inclined and double-slope stills, tubular...
In the current investigation, fuel blend combination (FBC) of spirulina microalgae biodiesel (SMAB), diesel, ethanol, and methanol is prepared and assessed. Engine performance and spray attributes of FBC were investigated through Diesel-RK Software (DRS) at different engine loads using FBC0, FBC1, FBC2, FBC3, FBC4, FBC5, and FBC6. The viscosity of...
Paper presents a regionally segregated overview of the globally distributed operational Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) plants. A holistic approach was followed by dividing the global map into 5 different regions (Americas, Africa, Europe, Asia and Australia) by covering 112 currently operational CSP plants. The objective of the research methodology...
The aim of this paper is to analyze the performance of commercial fuel cell (rated capacity 1000W) with the help of resistive load and output power variation with change in H2 flow rate and calculate the maximum power point (MPP) of the proton exchange membrane (PEM) while changing AC and DC load respectively. The factors influencing the output pow...
The present research intends to design an efficient receiver for solar thermal applications with a solar dish concentrator system. Thermal and dynamic analysis is carried out for different convolutions of a spiral coil, and experiments are performed for testing the modified absorber. Experimental results are validated for the spiral absorber with n...
This work focuses on daylighting performance analysis and its energy savings potential for residential building by using dynamic simulation and its experimental validation. The thermal performance of nano building material and its comparison with conventional building material has also been analyzed. The daylight factor was found in between 1- 11%...
In the HDPE pipe manufacturing industry, power consumption is the main factor that increases the product's manufacturing cost. This paper aims to reduce the power consumption and increase the surface finish of the HDPE pipe. This work highlights the increase in production efficiency of HDPE pipe factory. First, consider power consumption reduction...
Friction stir welding is one of the solid-state welding to join the dissimilar alloys with elevated mechanical strength. In this experimental approach, the impact of process parameters on the mechanical characteristics of different metals or alloys formed by friction stir welding between AA5383 and AA7075 is determined, to optimize these parameters...
In this study, a heat storage–based hybrid greenhouse dryer has been developed and analysed for drying bitter gourd flakes under the climatic condition of Ranchi, India. Proposed heat storage–based hybrid greenhouse dryer consists of a solar air heater with a 2.12-m2 area, greenhouse dryer and DC fan to induce and force the air. The significant obj...
In order to explore the feasibility of suitable drying technology of tomato-paste, four solar drying methods were employed, namely (i) Basic Solar-drying Mode (SDM), (ii) Solar-Geothermal Drying (SGD), (iii) Convective Ventilated Solar Drying (CVD), and (iv) Combination of Ventilation and Geothermal Drying (VHD) and their effect on exergy efficienc...
A solar photovoltaic (PV)-driven active crop drying system comprising a solar air heater, a three-tray drying chamber and a data logger was designed and fabricated. Drying system is equipped with three DC fans of 18 W each, powered by 150 W mono-crystalline, solar PV module, and 180 Ah deep cycle battery storage. Purpose-built data logger construct...
This paper presents performance analyses based on temperatures, thermal energy (overall), thermal exergy (overall), electrical exergy, and yield of the systems that have been investigated. In the present study, an analytical expression of N identical partly covered photovoltaic compound parabolic concentrator collectors connected in series (N-PVT-C...
The objective of this work is to evaluate the potential of oil palm biomass (OPB) in terms of physicochemical properties for producing biofuels via pyrolysis processes. The OPB included oil palm trunk (OPT), oil palm fronds (OPF), oil palm shell (OPS), oil palm roots (OPR), oil palm decanter cake (OPDC), empty fruit bunches (EFB), oil palm fiber (O...
An experimental investigation was done on an advanced evacuated tube-assisted solar drying system without and with load conditions at various water flow rates (10 L/h, 20 L/h, and 30 L/h) to evaluate its performance analysis. 79.56 °C maximum greenhouse air temperature was recorded without load at 30 L/h water flow rate with an average solar intens...
Renewable energy sources can produce less carbon than conventional energy sources, which has the significant disadvantage of being intermittent, which triggers a stable storage system. This work focuses on the issues of hydrogen energy storage which can solve the fluctuating output power problem by simulating results on HOMER software. Three combin...
An analytical study for double slope solar still with 25% covered photovoltaic thermal compound concentrator collector with helically coiled heat exchanger has been carried out for the proposed system (N-PVT-CPC-DS-HE). The nanoparticles are emergent fluids and thermal energy carriers due to their thermophysical and optical properties. The performa...
This paper reports different solar dryers primarily designed for grapes drying. Many common solar dryer types, some typical variants, and limitations of traditional grape drying methods are discussed. Functional and economic studies have shown that drying grapes with solar energy is feasible at a lower cost. Due to significant initial investment an...
The simultaneous impact of a building's electricity consumption and thermal performance is analyzed in this paper by taking a thermal model of a retail building located in Ranchi, India. A Baseline design of retail building having a rectangular footprint area is compared with four buildings with different footprint areas (Rectangular, T, L, H and U...
In this study, heat storage-based hybrid greenhouse dryer has been developed and analysed for drying bitter gourd flakes under the climatic condition of Ranchi, India. The propose heat storage based hybrid greenhouse dryer consists of a solar air heater with 2.12 m ² area, greenhouse dryer and DC fan to induce and force the air. The significant obj...
This article presents a review on performance, thermal modeling and numerical modeling of spray-assisted solar desalination systems (SLTD). Spray assisted has the benefits of higher rates of heat and mass transfer, the ability to work at moderately low-temperature differences, ease of system design, less scaling and fouling issues, and lower initia...