Anil Gupta

• Doctor of Philosophy
• CSIR Central Institute of Mrdicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

Rose-scented geranium is an important aromatic crop producing essential oils in India. The study was undertaken during the 2022–23 to 2023–24 cropping seasons at the CSIR-CIMAP, Lucknow, India (80◦28′ E 26018 N, 49 m above sea level). The present investigation tried to analyze the GEI in geranium genotypes using the graphical approach of the GGE bi...

The nature and amount of variability and correlations were examined in the ten traits of twenty collections of clove basil. The 10 traits' correlation coefficients revealed that, at the genotypic and phenotypic levels, essential oil content (%) (EOC) and essential oil yield (ml) (EOY) had a strong and positive correlation. Both genetically and phen...

Abelmoschus moschatus L. (muskdana) is an orphaned aromatic herb found in nature, boasting exceptional medicinal and industrial potential. Despite substantial demand in the fragrance industry, research efforts aimed to uncover the yield potential of Indian muskdana remain unknown, requiring attention to introduce new cultivars into commercial farmi...

Geranium is a multi-harvest perennial plant in the Geraniaceae family grown for its sweet-scented herbs and essential oils. It is well-known for its imposing rose-like aroma. Geranium essential oil is commonly used in the soap, fragrance, and cosmetic industries to isolate rhodinol, an aromatic compound found in most high-grade perfumes. The curren...

Basil leaves are used to make a tea that promises to assist with vomiting, rheumatic pain, and loose motions. It includes a high concentration of antioxidants, which may increase longevity and health. The current study aims to assess the consistency, stability, and recommendations for producing essential oils from commercial genotypes and cultivars...

Senna, an industrial crop that generates foreign exchange, is planted predominantly in southern India. Senna leaves and pods grown in India are valued in international trade and the global market because they contain a high concentration of the chemical component sennosides. The current investigation was conducted in the CSIRCIMAP experimental farm...

Targeted fingerprinting marker techniques have emerged as promising tools in plant sciences, particularly in plant breeding. To initiate an effective breeding program for a licit but industrially potential plant, the opium poppy, a comparative assessment of these markers was conducted. In this study, we compared the Start Codon Targeted polymorphis...

Cannabis L. (family Cannabaceae) has long been used in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and textile industries. Despite the view that Cannabis originated either in India or China, no studies have focused on Indian Cannabis. The present study represents the most extensive morphometric and chemometric mapping of natural populations of Indian Cannab...

Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) is a well-known spice with many applications in the flavoring business. Various liquor preparations, tomato sauces, condiments, baked meals like pizza, and salad dressings all contain dried Oregano leaves and essential oil. Due to no commercial cultivars or varieties, Oregano cultivation is currently not widespread in...

The analysis of pollen grains found in honey, known as melissopalynology, reveals pertinent details about the pollen and nectar sources in a location where bees produce honey, allowing researchers to identify the honey’s geographical and botanical origins. To determine the significant source plants in the area, the present analysis is conducted on...

Rose scented geranium, a South-African aromatic herb, is cultivated in both subtropical and temperate countries for its essential oil derived from the aerial parts that conveys a strong rosy-minty odour with a greenish-yellow colour. The oil is a treasure trove of versatile chemicals with extensive applications in the high grade perfumery, pharmace...

Braylin (10b) is a 8,8-dimethyl chromenocoumarin present in the plants of the family Rutaceae and Meliaceae and possesses vasorelaxing and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, six 6-alkoxy (10b, 15-19), and twelve 6-hydroxy-alkyl amine (20a-20l) derivatives of braylin (11 and 12) were synthesized to delineate its structural requirement for...

Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal is an important medicinal plant belonging to the family Solanaceae. It is widely used in the traditional systems of medicine in Ayurveda, Unani, and Siddha. The present study assessed genetic diversity among the 75 accessions of W. somnifera collected from different geographical regions of India based on nine morphomet...

Future R&D initiatives must be strengthened in light of establishing biotechnological tools and comprehending secondary metabolic pathways to build designer chemotypes of mint that can generate desirable essential oil components for commercial exploitation. There is a need to find chemotypes with metabolic blockages in essential oil production path...

Cassia species are used enormously to treat many diseases in the Indian traditional system of medicines. About 45 Cassia species are found in India, out of which Senna alexandrina Mill. is a medicinally important species. The traditionally use parts of Senna alexandrina are the leaves and immature pods which mainly contain sennoside-A and sennoside...

The mosquito repellent Nepetalactone rich Nepeta cataria L. (catmint) has a variety of therapeutic and industrial potential. Reports on the genetic diversity of N. cataria germplasm are minimal globally and needs attention for adding a new variety into commercial cultivation. The present study, therefore assessed the genetic diversity among thirtee...

A randomized block design was used to examine the important medicinal plant ashwagandha in three replications throughout the late Kharif seasons of 2018, 2019, and 2020. The cultivars of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal), CIMAP Chetak, CIMAP Pratap, NMITLI-101, NMITLI-118, and Poshita were used to evaluate the quality of dry root yield for a b...

Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) is a well-known spice with many applications in the flavoring business. Various liquor preparations, tomato sauces, condiments, baked meals like pizza, and salad dressings all contain dried Oregano leaves and essential oil. Due to no commercial cultivars or varieties, Oregano cultivation is currently not widespread in...

Andrographis paniculata, commonly known as kalmegh is among the most popular medicinal herbs in Southeast Asia. It is widely cultivated for medicinal purposes. The bioactive molecule, Andrographolide accumulated in herb leaves has immense therapeutic and economic potential. However, comprehensive information regarding genetic diversity is very limi...

Senna is a medicinal herb widely utilized in Ayurveda, Unani, and allopathic medicine. The leaves and pods of Senna are the most valuable portions, as they contain the compounds sennoside-A and sennoside-B. The laxative properties of sennoside-A and sennoside-B are the fundamental reasons for their use. The demand for Senna on a global scale provid...

Unlabelled: The positive effect of herbal supplements on aging and age-related disorders has led to the evolution of natural curatives for remedial neurodegenerative diseases in humans. The advancement in aging is exceedingly linked to oxidative stress. Enhanced oxidative stress interrupts health of humans in various ways, necessitating to find st...

Herbal medicinal plants constitute valuable resources of natural secondary active biomolecules that supplement human nourishment, support health care, and are the backbone of herbal industry. Plant breeders are faced with challenging task to realize qualitative and quantitative improvement in their secondary content using traditional breeding metho...

2010). High oil yielding variety "CIMAP Harsh" of palmarosa {Cymbopogon martinii Roxb. (Wats.) var. Motia}. J Medci. Aromat. Plant. Sci. 32 (2): 148-149.

Senna is one of the important medicinal crop grown during the rabi and summer season. It is highly sensitive to waterlogging and cannot be grown during kharif season. It can be grown under residual moisture after the harvest of paddy and cotton crop. Sennosides A and B are purgative, antibacterial, anticancer, and antioxidant compounds isolated fro...

A high yielding variety of lemongrass (Cymbopogon khasianus) CIMAP Suwarna suitable for water stress/rainfed/marginal land conditions.2010. J Med. Aromat. Plant Sci. 32 (1): 61-63. Lemongrass, family-Poaceae an important aromatic grass commonly known as "Nibughas" is vegetatively/ seeds propagated perennial, multicut crops in the tropics/subtropic...

Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal is an important medicinal plant belonging to the family Solanaceae. It is widely used in the traditional system of medicines in Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha. The present study assessed genetic diversity among the seventy-five accessions of W. somnifera collected from different geographical regions of India. The current s...

Medicinal and aromatic crops are now being considered as important commercial items for the sustainable economic development of the country. To meet the demand of prominent industries producing herbal drugs, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, nutraceuticals, other confectionery items, etc., it has become imperative to produce quality raw materials in sign...

Catharanthus roseus produces many terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs) but is famous for its scarce and costly anticancer bisindole alkaloids, vinblastine and vincristine that are formed by coupling of monomeric TIAs, catharanthine and vindoline. Biosynthetic potential of the plant for bisindoles is very low due to their high cytotoxicity. The best op...

Menthol mint (Mentha arvensis L.) is cultivated commercially for extraction of essential oil from upper ground herbage (leaves + stem). The essential oil of menthol mint is mainly used for production of menthol and the by-product dementholised oil (DMO) that find extensive applications in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. A new genotype of ment...

This study aims to evaluate the effects of season and spacing on growth patterns and seed yield performance of muskdana by estimating fixable and non-fixable components of genetic variances for diverse traits of economic significance and identification of highly divergent clusters of genotypes to exploit them in hybridization program. Radical scave...

Cannabis sativa L. (Cannabaceae) is one of the earliest cultivated plant, containing many of the valuable natural components useful for health as well as livelihood. Cultivation of Cannabis is done by sowing its seeds in the field provided with favourable physical and chemical parameters for germination. In this study, optimum temperature and time...

A series of substituted 8,8-dimethyl-8H-pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-2-ones (chromeno-coumarin hybrids) was synthesized from scopoletin (11) as vasorelaxing agents. The synthesized compounds 21a-f, 22, 23a-e and scopoletin (11) were evaluated for vasorelaxation in endothelium intact rat main mesenteric artery (MMA). Compounds 11, 21a, 21c-f and 22 showed s...

Key message A class III peroxidase from Artemisia annua has been shown to indicate the possibility of cellular localization-based role diversity, which may have implications in artemisinin catabolism as well as lignification. Abstract Artemisia annua derives its importance from the antimalarial artemisinin. The –O–O– linkage in artemisinin makes...

GC and GC-MS were used to compare the composition of the essential oil hydro-distilled from fresh flowering-initiation stage foliage of the new variety Sanjeevani of Artemisia annua L. with the corresponding oils of its parental varieties. Sanjeevani is an artemisinin-rich selection from the Arogya x Jeevanraksha polycross hybridization. In Sanjeev...

Genetic divergence was estimated among sixty-five genotypes of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) using Mahalanobis D²-statistics on thirteen agro-morphological quantitative traits. The genotypes were grouped into nine clusters. Cluster I had maximum number of genotypes (19) followed by cluster II (13), III (11), IV (5), V (4), VI (4), VII (4), VIII (3) an...

Medicinal and aromatic crops are now being considered as important commercial items for sustainable economic development of the country. To meet the demand of prominent industries producing herbal drugs, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, nutraceuticals, other confectionary items, etc., it has become imperative to produce the quality raw materials in sign...

The present investigation was conducted to estimate the genetic diversity in Ocimum basilicum germplasm consisting of sixty accessions using Mahalanobis D 2 analysis. All the Ocimum accessions were grouped into seven diverse clusters and there was no parallelism observed between the genetic divergence and geographical origin. Maximum inter cluster...

The genus Ocimum of the family Lamiaceae has been known since centuries primarily for its essential oil, which is used extensively in pharmaceutical, culinary, and perfumery industries. In addition to the wild Ocimum spp., commercially cultivated varieties, popularly known as basils, are found in different geographical regions of the world. The gen...

Lemon-scented Ocimum (Ocimum africanum) belongs to the family "Lamiaceae". The essential oil of different Ocimum species is extracted by hydro-or steam distillation from the leaves or whole herb and is used to flavour foods, high grade fragrances, traditional ritual ceremonies and house hold medicines. The cultivar CIM Jyoti of Ocimum africanum has...

Silybum marianum commonly known as milk thistle is a herb belonging to the family Asteraceae. The ripe seeds of the plant contain silymarin which is used as medicine for treating diseases like liver cirrhosis, jaundice, hepatitis and liver poisoning. Other major medicinal properties of Silybum are anticancer, antidepressant, antioxidant, cardio pro...

Background: The study was carried out to assess the genetic variability present in ashwagandha and to examine the nature of associations of various traits to the root yield of the plant. Methods: Fifty-three diverse genetic stocks of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) were evaluated for 14 quantitative characteristics. Analysis of variance, correl...

Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae), commonly known as quinghao, is a traditional medicinal herb, native to China and widely grown in Asia and Europe. The biologically active compound artemisinin isolated from the herb of the A. annua is used as an anti-malarial drug. CSIR-CIMAP has now developed genetically improved variety of Artemisia annua with art...

National Conference in Punjab Agriculture University

Conservation and untilization of plant genetic resources

Metabolite targeted breeding is one of the prime need in Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) to meet its fast growing demand at domestic and international level owing to its vast spectral pharmaceutical potential. Till date only scanty breeding efforts exists majority being introductions or selections from the wilds/landraces through which active bio...

Availability of genetic variability provides the working bench, on which plant breeders exercises the selection in order to bring the desirable changes in the genotypes. CIMAP, Lucknow is conserving about 600 accessions of P. somniferum; which includes some related wild species of genus Papaver, land races, released cultivars (obsolete and cultivat...

In the present study a set of 108 germplasm, accessions of poppy were evaluated and data were recorded on the plant height (cm), number of capsules per plant, peduncle length (cm), number of stigmatic rays on the capsule and susceptibility to Downey mildew. Correlation study revealed a positive association of peduncle length with plant height (0.42...

A good extent of variation was observed for all the traits among 41 accessions of Ammi visnaga. Morphological variability for stem colour and umbel mutant with centre red to pink was detected. Maximum GCV and high heritability and genetic advance as percentage of mean were observed for biological yield followed by harvest index, seed yield, which m...

Artemisia annua is the source of antimalarial phytomolecule, artemisinin. It is mainly produced and stored in the glandular secretory trichomes present in the leaves of the plant. Since, the artemisinin biosynthesis steps are yet to be worked out, in this investigation a microarray chip was strategized for the first time to shortlist the differenti...

Heat map for the differentially expressing genes upregulated in seedling. (TIF)

Sequences of the primers used for semi-quantitative RT-PCR-based expression analysis of selected target genes of A. annua . (DOC)

Genes found to be up-regulated in seedling as compared to mature plant leaf in A. annua . (DOC)

Heat map for the differentially expressing genes downregulated in seedling. (TIF)

Genes found to be down-regulated in seedling as compared to mature plant leaf of A. annua . (DOC)

Details of in-house cytochrome P450 sequences of A. annua . (DOC)

Sequence details of Assay-By-Designs for TaqMan chemistry-based Real Time PCR of A. annua sesquiterpene biosynthetic pathway genes. (DOC)

Artemisia annua L. is an annual aromatic antibacterial herb, with effective antimalarial properties due to the presence of artemisinin. The intention of the present study was to establish plant survival, growth attributes, yield attributes and artemisinin yield of A. annua cv CIM – Arogya with different transplanting months in two cropping seasons...

An online-hyphenated high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array-mass spectrometry (HPLC-PDA-MS) analytical method was developed for the simultaneous determination of six lignans of therapeutic importance in four Phyllanthus spp. (P. amarus, P. maderaspatensis, P. urinaria, and P. virgatus). HPLC with monolithic reverse phase silica col...

The aim of the present work was to investigate the in vivo hepatoprotective potential of coumarinolignoids (cleomiscosins A, B, and C) isolated from the seeds of C. viscosa. The study was performed against CCl(4)-induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats. Rats were divided into four groups. The animals of group I served as normal and was given only veh...

The effects of GA3 and phyllocladane diterpenoids (calliterpenone and calliterpenone monoacetate) isolated from the Callicarpa macrophylla Vahl. were evaluated on the plant growth of Artemisia annua L., Hibiscus sabdariffa L. and Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. All these compounds inhibited the germination of H. sabdariffa (33-58%) and S. cannabin...

The paper reports an improved pilot scale process technology for the extraction of Cliv-92: a combination of three hepatoprotective coumarinolignoids, cleomiscosins A, B and C from the seeds ofCleome viscosa . The method involved the extraction of the defatted seeds with methanol, which on concentration gave a viscous residue. Trituration of the re...

2010). High oil yielding variety "CIMAP Harsh" of palmarosa {Cymbopogon martinii Roxb. (Wats.) var. Motia}. J Medci. Aromat. Plant. Sci. 32 (2): 148-149.

Palmarosa, family – Poaceae an important aromatic grass commonly known as "Rosa gass", is mainly seeds propagated perennial, and multicut crop in the tropics/subtropics. Palmarosa oil is obtained from the distillation of whole aerial plant parts of Palmarosa/ rosa grass plants. Out of the two species occurring in India, Cymbopogon martinii var. mot...

The effect of coumarinolignoid cleomiscosins A, B and C isolated from the plant Cleome viscosa on inflammatory mediators were studied in female swiss albino mice. A mixture of coumarinolignoid A, B, and C at 10, 30 and 100 mg/kg body weight once a day for 14 consecutive days were administered orally to the mice. Pro-inflammatory mediators such as I...

In search of the effective and standardized hepatoprotective combination therapy, silymarin and standardized extract of Phyllanthus amarus has been evaluated against CCl(4)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Eight groups of rats were used. The animals of group A served as normal and were given only vehicle. The animals of group B served as toxin contr...

This paper describes a sensitive, selective, specific, robust, and validated densitometric high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method for the simultaneous determination of 3 key withanolides, namely, withaferin-A, 12-deoxywithastramonolide, and withanolide-A, in Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) plant samples. The separation was perf...