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Publications (70)
The FORESEE is an open access, climatological database for Central Europe containing observed and projected meteorological data for the 1951-2100 period. As a climate service, FORESEE disseminates basic meteorological variables at a daily time step with a 0.1° × 0.1° spatial resolution including maximum/minimum temperature, precipitation, incoming...
Previous studies have suggested that a major part of the observed variability in vegetation state might be associated with variability in climatic drivers during relatively short periods within the year. Identification of such critical climate periods, when a particular climate variable most likely has a pronounced influence on the vegetation state...
Although small rural settlements are only minor individual sources of greenhouse gases and air pollution, their high overall occurrence can significantly contribute to the total emissions of a region or country. Emissions from a rural lifestyle may be remarkably different than those of urban and industrialized regions, but nevertheless they have ha...
Remote sensing-based crop yield estimation methods rely on vegetation indices, which depend on the availability of the number of observations during the year, influencing the value of the derived crop yield. In the present study, first a robust yield estimation method was improved for estimating the yield of corn, winter wheat, sunflower, and rapes...
Land use and management affect soil hydrological processes, and the impacts can be further enhanced and accelerated due to climate change. In this study, we analyzed the possible long-term effects of different land use types on soil hydrological processes based on future climatic scenarios. Soil moisture and temperature probes were installed at fou...
Although small rural settlements are only minor individual sources of greenhouse gases and air pollution, their high overall quantity can significantly contribute to the total emissions of a region or country. The emissions of the rural lifestyle may be remarkably different from that of the urban and industrialized regions, but nevertheless they ha...
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of soil tillage and crop type on soil respiration (Rs) in a typical Central European agricultural site characterized by crop rotation. The weekly Rs and supporting environmental variables were measured under different crop types (including winter and summer crops) for 5 consecutive years und...
Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a mandatory pool in national inventory reports on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and removals to the UNFCCC. Hence, its accurate assessment is important. Modelling SOC changes for national GHG reports is encouraged, but the uncertainty related to this pool still presents a significant challenge; thus, verifying modellin...
The oak lace bug (Corythucha arcuata, Say 1832) is a new invasive sap-sucking species in the European oak forests that was first recorded in Central Europe in 2013. It invaded the region from Southeastern Europe, spreads rapidly, and shows no signs of receding after establishment. In this study, focusing on the oak forests in the transboundary area...
Accurate estimation of the timing of intensive spring leaf growth initiation at mid and high latitudes is crucial for improving the predictive capacity of biogeochemical and Earth system models. In this study, we focus on the modeling of climatological onset of spring leaf growth in Central Europe and use three spring phenology models driven by thr...
Gridded model assessments require at least one climatic and one soil database for carrying out the simulations. There are several parallel soil and climate database development projects that provide sufficient, albeit considerably different, observation based input data for crop model based impact studies. The input database related uncertainty of...
The occurrence frequency of regional atmospheric new aerosol particle formation and consecutive growth events (fNPF) were studied with respect to vegetation activity, aerosol properties, air pollutants and meteorological data in Budapest over the time interval from 2008 to 2018. The data set evaluated contained results of in situ measurements on th...
Occurrence frequency (fNPF) of regional atmospheric new aerosol particle formation (NPF) and consecutive growth events were studied with respect to vegetation activity, aerosol properties, air pollutants and meteorological data in Budapest over the time interval of 2008-2018. The data set evaluated contained results of in situ measurements on land...
We aim to predict Hungarian corn yields for the period of 2020–2100. The purpose of the study was to mutually consider the environmental impact of climate change and the potential human impact indicators towards sustaining corn yield development in the future. Panel data regression methods were elaborated on historic observations (1970–2018) to imp...
The present study focuses on the leaf unfolding dynamics of deciduous broadleaf forests in Central Europe. MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was used to quantify green-up duration (GUD) for the wider Carpathian Basin located in Central Europe, covering the time period 2000–2019. GUD...
Eddy-covariance based carbon flux datasets spanning decades are becoming available worldwide due to the effort of associated scientists. Tall tower based monitoring stations are relatively rare, but provide important information about the carbon balance of a larger region surrounding the tower. In this study we report and analyze the 21-year-long d...
In the present study, multiple linear regression models were constructed to simulate the yield of winter wheat, rapeseed, maize and sunflower in Hungary for the 2000–2016 time period. We used meteorological data and soil water content from meteorological reanalysis as predictors of the models in monthly resolution. We included annual fertilizer amo...
Background and Purpose: Biogeochemical process‑based models use a mathematical representation of physical processes with the aim of simulating and predicting past or future state of ecosystems (e.g. forests). Such models, usually executed as computer programs, rely on environmental variables as drivers, hence they can be used in studies of expected...
Wheat is one of the most important crops in Hungary, which represents approximately 20% of the entire agricultural area of the country, and about 40% of cereals. A robust yield method has been improved for estimating and forecasting wheat yield in Hungary in the period of 2003–2015 using normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) derived from th...
Background and Purpose: Determination of an extreme year from the aspect of the vegetation activity using only meteorological data might be ambiguous and not adequate. Furthermore, in some ecosystems, e.g. forests, the response is not instantly visible, but the effects of the meteorological anomaly can be seen in the following year. The aim of the...
Monitoring the water quality of Lake Balaton is an important research field in order to protect and analyze the ecosystem of the water. Currently water quality monitoring is based on a regular bi-weekly in-situ chlorophyll-a measurements in the center of the main basins of Lake Balaton. This monitoring can be expanded by remote sensing methods to p...
Monitoring the water quality of Lake Balaton is an important research field in order to protect and analyze the ecosystem of the water. Currently water quality monitoring is based on a regular bi-weekly in-situ chlorophyll-a measurements in the center of the main basins of Lake Balaton. This monitoring can be expanded by remote sensing methods to p...
Remote sensing provides invaluable insight into the dynamics of vegetation with global coverage and reasonable temporal resolution. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is widely used to study vegetation greenness, production, phenology and the responses of ecosystems to climate fluctuations. The extended global NDVI3g dataset created by G...
Monitoring the state and health of the vegetation is essential to understand causes and severity of environmental change and to prepare for the negative effects of climate change on plant growth and productivity. Satellite remote sensing is the fundamental tool to monitor and study the changes of vegetation activity in general and to understand its...
Satellite based remote sensing provides an efficient way to estimate carbon balance components over large spatial domains with acceptable temporal and spatial resolution. In the present study remote sensing based gross primary production (GPP) estimations were evaluated using data from a tall eddycovariance flux tower, located over a heterogeneous...
Water, which is present in the troposphere in all three phases, has a
unique feature among atmospheric components. Besides the formation of
clouds and precipitation, it has a key role in atmospheric energy
transport and it is the most important greenhouse gas. Due to its
temporal and spatial variability, the monitoring of water in the
atmosphere re...
Three different, state-of-the-art biogeochemical models are adapted in order to quantify the carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), and methane (CH4) exchanges between arable lands and the atmosphere. Biome-BGC and MOD17 are validated using the long-term measurement results
from Hegyhátsál tall tower site (Western Hungary). After a simple bias...
An overview of carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange and soil respiration measurements is given for representative Hungarian agroecosystems. We present results of long-term
atmosphere/biosphere CO2 exchange measurements carried out at the Hungarian tall tower site (Hegyhátsál). Tall tower net ecosystem exchange (NEE)
measurements provided consistent estima...
The main goals of the research are (i) to compare weather pattern
classification methods for Central Europe (COST733 domain 07 covering
43-58°N, 3-26°E) using observed and simulated present climate
(1961-1990), and (ii) to analyze the climate change effects on weather
patterns for the same region using different classification methods. The
observed...
Global climate change can have serious direct effects on animal health and production through heat stress. In Hungary, the number of heat stress days per year (YNHD), i.e., days when the temperature humidity index (THI) is above a specific comfort threshold, has increased in recent years based on observed meteorological data. Between 1973 and 2008,...
The main goals of the research are (i) to compare weather pattern classification methods for Central Europe (COST733 domain 07 covering 43-58°N, 3-26°E) using observed and simulated present climate (1961-1990), and (ii) to analyze the climate change effects on weather patterns for the same region using different classification methods. The observed...
We present a method for the estimation of the spatial representativeness of tall tower eddy covariance measurements monitoring a heterogeneous landscape. The approach attributes the measured signal to the different ecosystems surrounding the tall tower site. For the identification of the ecosystems, remotely sensed vegetation index time series are...
According to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Working Group I, published on 2 February 2007 (IPCC 2007), the key processes influencing the European climate can be summarized as follows: (i) water vapour transport from low to high latitudes has increased; (ii) variation of atmospheric circulation h...
We present a method for the estimation of the spatial representativeness of tall tower eddy covariance measurements monitoring a heterogeneous landscape. The approach attributes the measured signal to the different ecosystems surrounding the tall tower site. For the identification of the ecosystems, remotely sensed vegetation index time series are...
Global warming has caused increasing concern about heat stress. In cattle, heat stress affects both the production and reproduction negatively. Several temperature- humidity indices (THI) are in use to quantify the degree of heat stress. In this study, the authors compared six such indices, together with their thresholds indicating danger of heat s...
Information about the amount and spatial structure of atmospheric water vapor is essential in understanding meteorology and the Earth environment. Space-borne remote sensing offers a relatively inexpensive method to estimate atmospheric water vapor in the form of integrated water vapor (IWV). The research activity reported in the present paper is b...
The recent and rapid change in climate seems to have strong impact on many aspects of agriculture, health, ecology, economy and the society. To model these impacts researchers need access to future and past climate databases, some of which are publicly available. One possible source of climate data sets is the collection of the Tyndall Centre for C...
The area of Banat, a historical region shared by Romania and Serbia, has been hit by a centennial flood event in spring 2005. The Temes (Tamiš/Timiş) River flooded several hundred km2, with many settlements. The extent of the flood was partly unexpected, especially in positional sense. In order to achieve a better understanding of the phenomenon, w...
The installation of the satellite receiving station of the Eötvös University, Budapest, in Oct 2002, and its upgrade to receive the MODIS data, in Sep 2004 produced a wealth of satellite data. The spatial coverage includes the whole Europe, the Middle East and Central Asia and northern Africa, even a small part of Greenland. Based on this data sour...
At the end of the second decade of December 2007, a low level fog layer covered the northwestern part of the continental Europe; the Netherlands, Belgium, northern Germany, even a part of Poland. The cloud top of the low level stratus layer was at ca. 350 meters above sea level in 20 Dec. Meteorological situations were ideal for ‘industrial’ snow f...
In 2006, the European weather produced some interesting meteorological situations, connected to anticyclones in the winter and cyclones in the summer period. Some of them are exhibited in this work using MODIS and HRPT (NOAA AVHRR) satellite imagery recorded and processed at the receiving station of the Eötvös University. The most characteristic wi...
The satellite receiving station at the Eötvös University, Budapest (ELTE) has been improved to MODIS data accessing two years ago. The daily volume of the received data has increased from the previous value of ca. 3-400 MB/day (from NOAA AVHRR HRPT and Feng-Yun CHRPT receiving) to ca. 8 GB/day, due to the data size of the MODIS passages. The paper...
There is a growing need in the meteorologist community for high spatial and temporal resolution atmospheric water vapor data since it is essential to understand the hydrological cycle aerosol properties aerosol-cloud interactions energy budget the greenhouse effect and the climate system Atmospheric water vapor is estimated in several places worldw...
Summary Climate change may have various effects on animal health and production. The temperature-humidity index (THI) is one possible measure to quantify environmental stress. From the climate forecasts provided by the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, the predicted THI was calculated for each month for Hungary for the period 2001-2100 us...
