Angélica De Cássia Oliveira Carneiro

This study explores a circular economy approach in charcoal production, utilizing combustion gases from the process itself to optimize efficiency and quality, minimizing waste and reducing emissions. The research investigates the pre-drying of Eucalyptus sp. wood with these gases before carbonization, through an innovative system that directs gases...

O teor de carbono nas árvores da floresta amazônica é um fator básico no cálculo da quantidade de gases de efeito estufa emitida pelo desmatamento e degradação desta floresta e o enorme estoque de carbono que pode ser liberado no eventual colapso da floresta devido às mudanças climáticas. Também é importante para quantificar os efeitos da exploraçã...

Reliable values for carbon content in trees are essential for quantifying forest carbon stocks and estimating carbon dioxide emissions. This study analyzed the carbon content in the boles of commercial tree species in the Brazilian state of Acre, in the southwestern Amazon. Composite samples were prepared from wood wedges obtained along each indivi...

The increasing demand for sustainable biomass solutions has positioned bamboo as a promising alternative for biochar production, given its rapid growth and high yield characteristics. The objective of this work was to determine the potential of different bamboo species for the production of biochars for energy applications. The biochars, coming fro...

Improper waste disposal is one of the leading causes of environmental pollution, impacting soil, water, and air quality. In coffee plantations, each kilogram of beans produced generates an equal amount of husk, emphasizing the urgent need for sustainable practices to process this residual biomass into valued products. This study aimed to evaluate t...

The selection of genetic materials for obtaining cellulosic pulp and paper production necessitates evidence of efficiency in terms of silvicultural performance and industrial processing. In this context, this study aimed to select genetic materials from Eucalyptus spp. and Corymbia spp. for pulp production. The selection was achieved through cluste...

Kraft lignin has high dispersity and low reactivity. This study aimed to obtain more homogeneous and modified chemical fractions from the application of fractionation methods using organic solvents and acid precipitation. Organic solvents used were ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol and acetone. The pHs tested were 9, 7, 5, 3 and 1, by adding hydroch...

The wood carbonization with high moisture content reduces the yield, prolongs the carbonization time and results in charcoal with low mechanical strength. Considering this, the reuse of carbonization gases as a source of thermal energy becomes a potential alternative for reducing moisture content quickly and feasibly. The objective of this study wa...

Forest operations consume a large amount of fossil fuels. Storing wood in the field reducesthe weight of the wood, optimizing transportation and reducing fuel consumption. However, thereare few studies linking these variables. The objective was to evaluate the drying of logs with differentdiameters and assess the fossil fuel consumption considering...

The wood carbonization with high moisture content reduces the yield, prolongs the carbonization time and results in charcoal with low mechanical strength. Considering this, the reuse of carbonization gases as a source of thermal energy becomes a potential alternative for reducing moisture content quickly and feasibly. The objective of this study wa...

The objective of this study was to assess the dynamics of carbon and nitrogen in soil, forest floor, and aboveground biomass in 9.5 years-old planted stands of three Khaya spp. (K. grandifoliola, K. ivorensis, and K. senegalensis). The study was conducted at the Reserva Natural Vale (RNV), Brazil. The stands were planted at 5 × 5 m spacing, distrib...

Background The use of X-rays non-destructive technique in color scale in 2D and 3D needs further studies to understand variations in the apparent density of wood stored under natural conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate, by digital X-ray images and to test the rainbow scale in digital X-ray images in 2D and 3D, the apparent densi...

The Amazon region contains numerous areas dedicated to sustainable timber extraction. This operation has low yields and generates a large amount of waste. However, this waste can be repurposed for energy generation, providing income for locals and reducing reliance on non-renewable energy sources prevalent in the region. This study aimed to assess...

Pressure to increase the renewable energy matrix motivates the search for new energy sources. Pulp and paper mills have been constantly expanding in Brazil, and to ensure their competitiveness, new processes should be established both in terms of reducing the waste discarded in landfills, as well as the substitution of fossil fuels used in the mill...

The impacts of climate change caused by the consumption of fossil fuels have encouraged the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The use of forest biomass for the pellets production is an alternative for energy generation. However, the high chloride content present in this forest biomass has caused human health and economic problems, which are fa...

Charcoal fines are co-products of the wood carbonization process, unwanted because they reduce the gravimetric yield of the main product, charcoal. It can be produced due to the carbonization process, during the storage and transport of charcoal. Pelletizing charcoal fines increases the energy density of this material, producing a homogeneous fuel...

The lack of adequate sanitation in Brazil overloads the health system and causes deaths. The utilization of sewage sludge hinders advancements in water treatment. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of producing briquettes by blending sewage sludge with Pinus sp. sawdust. The sewage sludge was sourced from a water treatment facility, while t...

Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality indicators for wood and charcoal from the Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis hybrid (Clone GG 100) in different planting spacings. The study was conducted with the hybrid using the spacings of 2×1, 2×2, 3×2, and 3×3 m. The chemical properties of wood and charcoal were analyze...

Charcoal fines are co-products of the wood carbonization process, unwanted because they reduce the gravimetric yield of the main product, charcoal. It can be produced due to the carbonization process, during the storage and transport of charcoal. Pelletizing charcoal fines increases the energy density of this material, producing a homogeneous fuel...

Brazil is the world's largest producer of charcoal. Therefore, there is need for improvement in the gravimetric yield of conversion and the reduction of gas emissions, including greenhouse gases (GHGs), released during carbonization. The objective was to apply the methodology of Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) to evaluate the emission...

Wood is exposed to different atmospheric conditions in the production of charcoal due to the occurrence of rainfall and variation in relative humidity. However, there is a lack of scientific information related to charcoal hygroscopicity and desorption capacity depending on water content. Thus, in the present study, we analyzed the influence of car...

Torrefaction emerges as an industrial process that increases the energy content of conventional biomass. Primary and secondary sludge are the main solid residues generated in the Effluent Treatment Plants of bleached kraft pulp mills, and can be considered as biomass. Typically, these wastes are sent to industrial landfills. The present study aimed...

Background The wood heat treatment results in the partial degradation of its chemical constituents, mainly cellulose and hemicellulose, reducing the hygroscopicity of the material. This process improves the dimensional stability and resistance to biodeterioration and worsens the mechanical resistance. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of heat...

In this study, sodium silicate was used as the adhesive in the production of Eucalyptus sp. charcoal briquettes. Charcoal dust of three different granulometries (20, 35 and 60 mesh) was mixed with the glue in five different proportions sizes (15, 20, 25, 30 and 35% of dry weight) and pressed to produce the briquettes. The following properties of th...

This work had as objective evaluate the effect of the sodium sulphite on the gravimetric yields in tannins, extracted from Anadenanthera peregrina bark. The tannins were extracted in laboratory autoclave at 100°C for a period of 3 hours, using a relationship liqueur/bark of 20:1; containing 0, 1,5%, 3%, 4,5% and 6% of sodium sulphite on bark dry ma...

Wood from planted forests is the main input in the charcoal production chain. However, the heterogeneity of charcoal, in terms of its physical, chemical and mechanical properties, and the low yield in production processes is among the main problems faced by industries. To select the best clones for the production of charcoal for steelmaking, the ob...

Cerrado is the second largest Brazilian morphoclimatic domain. Despite being a region of great ecological importance, it has been the target of constant threats caused by anthropogenic activities, mainly those related to agriculture and livestock farming. With a rich biodiversity still not fully known and constantly being devastated, the Cerrado la...

Coarse Woody Debris (CWDs) are constantly exposed to the natural decomposition process of wood, which can lead to a change in its physical–chemical properties. However, these changes have not yet been fully elucidated, requiring further studies to help to understand the effect of this process on CWDs degradation. Thus, the objectives of this study...

The use of the fruit of the species Dipteryx alata Vogel (baru) is a highly profitable and expanding activity in the Brazilian market, although the almond of the fruit has high commercial value, the processing of the fruit generates about 87% of residual biomass. The objective of this work was to characterize the biomass and biochar obtained from t...

The research on Amazon wood waste focuses on the species’ individual characteristics, not considering the conditions usually found in the industries, such as variations in the storage method and the waste’s condition after exposure to the environment. Accordingly, the objective of this paper was to analyze the management of waste generated by wood...

The uses of kraft lignin (KL), obtained from the black liquor (BL) in the pulping process, allow the production of activated carbon (AC), a product with high added value in the pulp mill. The AC can be used in three different sectors in a cellulose pulp mill: sectorial treatment of the cellulosic pulp bleaching filtrates; wastewater treatment; and...

Economic instability scenarios and reduction in charcoal consumption, such as those that occurred in 2009 and 2016, affect production and result in the maintenance of eucalyptus forests and an increase in the rotation age. The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of wood from four Eucalyptus clones (clones 1, 2, 3, and 4) at the ages...

Pelletizing and torrefaction increase biomass energy density, generating a more homogeneous fuel with lower moisture, enabling it to burn in equipment with high energy efficiency. This work evaluated the quality of pellets made from wood particles that had been densified and torrefied in an extruder-type system. Particles of the Pinus sp. wood were...

The manufacture of wood panels generates a large amount of waste. This material can be an option for renewable energy generation. However, long-term storage, exposure to moisture and contact of these panels with the soil facilitate colonization by xylophagous organisms. Torrefaction, a heat treatment between 200 and 300 °C in an oxygen-free atmosph...

Thermo-mechanical densification modifies wood to produce a more dense and resistant lignocellulosic material and may degrade extractives that contribute to the increased susceptibility of wood to attack by xylophagous organisms. This study evaluated the efficiency of tannin extracts of Acacia mearnsii in the treatment of thermo-mechanical densified...

The adoption of dense plantations can reduce the drying time of the logs, by optimizing this step. This study evaluated the drying of eucalyptus wood from plantations with different spacing (3 × 4; 3 × 3; 2 × 3; 1 × 3 m). Five trees were selected per treatment. Logs were removed from the base and at 50% and 100% of commercial height for drying eval...

Colorimetric evaluation is practical, accurate and fast. Starting from the generally established fact that a heat treatment changes the wood properties, the present paper aimed to predict the properties of heat-treated wood by using colorimetry and artificial neural networks (ANNs). Eucalyptus grandis and Pinus caribaea wood samples were heat-treat...

Most of the Brazilian charcoal is produced in rudimentary kilns without greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) control. The furnace-kiln system, which allows the burning of methane, stands out in this context. Thus, the goal of this study was to evaluate the carbon balance in the charcoal production with and without the use of the furnace-kiln system. The...

The aim of this study was to select superior materials of Eucalyptus spp. using univariate and multivariate statistical analyzes. Twenty-five genetic materials from Eucalyptus spp. collected in Itamarandiba, Minas Gerais were used. The properties of wood and charcoal were determined for all genetic materials, in addition to the gravimetric yield. D...

The aim of becoming a society based on the rational utilization of the natural resources, has led to the consideration of many alternatives by academic and industrial sectors. The forest sector may be particularly prominent in trying to achieve these goals when using residues of their processes, for timber and pulp production. One of the most impor...

Background The fibres dimensions vary along a tree trunk, and these variations are related to the apical meristem and vascular cambium activities; understanding these variations would guide the best use of wood. There have been studies on the pattern of fibres dimensions variation along the tree trunk in the radial and longitudinal directions; howe...

Lignocellulosic biomasses have some characteristics that hinder their use as fuel. Further, the biodegradation processes that can occur during storage can affect their energy properties. Torrefaction can improve their energy properties while reducing the impacts of storage. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy could be a promising tool to estimate chan...

A large amount of biomass is available in Brazil, which may give an alternative for pellet production. With the market constantly growing, the search for raw materials with the potential for energy generation has become a necessity in serving sector demands. Eucalyptus sp. and Pinus sp. are the main sources of timber in Brazil. Therefore, the main...

Fast-growing wood plantations have been widely used as an alternative to the suppression of native vegetation. Forest wood can be enhanced by thermal modifications, which improve the wood’s natural durability and dimensional stability. In addition, the wood’s appearance is also enhanced, as its color is made darker, thus more similar to those of tr...

Predicting wood biomass and carbon stock contents in planted forests can vary due to limitations associated with the measurement of parameters. Therefore, reducing possible errors generated over biomass and carbon stock quantification is an important step in obtaining reliable data. The study aimed to compare the use of destructive and non-destruct...

The friability, an important quality parameter, is the ability of charcoal to generate fines when it is moved. However, there is no standard for determining the compressive strength of charcoal beds. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate some test parameters for determining the generation of charcoal fines in a manual hydraulic press. Ch...

Traditional methods of economic evaluation of wood and charcoal production projects are based on indicators analysis, however, they are subject to market variations and uncertainties. The study was carried out in the city of Lamim, Minas Gerais State, to evaluate the economic viability of wood and charcoal production using the kiln-furnace system,...

Forest biomass plays a critical role in developing countries, with high potential to contribute to the energy needs as a cheaper and carbon-friendly alternative. In Brazil, eucalyptus plantations have gained attention in recent years as a promising source for the power sector. Aiming to assess this potential, this work analyzed the techno-economic...

This work aimed to determine the contact angle of adhesives in eucalyptus and pine wood and the influence on bonding, besides evaluating the wood-adhesive interface of glued joints with different adhesives and weights. Wood samples of two different species (Eucalyptus spp. and Pinus spp.) and five types of adhesives (polyvinyl acetate - PVA; sodium...

The differentiation between the charcoal produced from (Eucalyptus) plantations and native forests is essential to control, commercialization, and supervision of its production in Brazil. The main contribution of this study is to identify the charcoal origin using macroscopic images and Deep Learning Algorithm. We applied a Convolutional Neural Net...

Considerable increases in industrial and urban wastewater sludge generation in recent years require proper treatment, such as thermal drying, and disposal. The sludge drying is a complex process involving simultaneous and coupled heat and mass transfer, which can be modeled by taking into account mass and heat balances, and assuming that water diff...

Research indicates the use of adsorbent materials to remove pollutants from wastewater and effluents, which can be obtained from renewable materials such as biomass, biopolymers (chitosan) or composites. Thus, the objective of this work was to produce and evaluate activated carbon (AC) and chitosan composite films as adsorbents of neutral red dye....

This study aimed to assess the effect of mechanical pretreatment on bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp fibers and investigate the influence of reaction time and temperature on the properties and yield of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). Two types of pulps were hydrolyzed, pulp 1 (control, whole fibers) and pulp 2 (m...

The objective of the present work has been to evaluate the impact of damage caused by defoliating insects on wood quality and charcoal production, and to quantify the losses per hectare according to the charcoal produced. Seven-year-old Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla (clone A) and Eucalyptus saligna (clone B) trees, both in healthy condi...

As charcoal is used in the silicon metal process, reactivity towards SiO is one of the most important properties that has strong effects on silicon recovery. The purpose of this study was to analyze anatomical properties of wood and charcoal, define a procedure to express the SiO reactivity in a simpler and more cost-efficient manner and indicate o...

The substantial expansion of the Brazilian pulp and paper industry in the last years resulted in a significant increase in the solid waste generation. This paper investigates the production of pellets using primary sludge from the effluent treatment plant of a kraft pulp mill, as a fuel for producing energy, using a novel wet route process. The pel...

Coffee husk, eucalyptus, and pine residues were torrefied at 290 °C in a screw reactor, during 5, 10, 15 or 20 min. The effects of feedstock type and torrefaction process parameters (holding time) on their energy characteristics were investigated. Raw and torrefied biomasses were then submitted successively to leaching and to white and brown rot fu...

In the context of the circular bioeconomy and cleaner production, the incorporation of the by-products of plant biomass production in the bioenergy chain is fundamental. However, lignocellulosic wastes have properties that hinder their use for the production of biofuels. This study aims to evaluate how blends of lignocellulosic wastes improve the p...

The use of wood panel residues as biomass for energy production is feasible. Heat treatments can improve energy properties while minimizing the emission of toxic gases due to thermoset polymers used in Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) panels. Torrefaction or pre-carbonization, a heat treatment between 200 and 300 °C with low oxygen availability accu...

The understanding of the relationship between the properties of wood and charcoal makes it possible to improve the production of charcoal. Therefore, the random forest algorithm was used in this study to analyze the influence of eucalyptus wood properties on the quality of charcoal as well as the accuracy of the predicted values concerning the resu...

Sugarcane Bagasse (SCB) has some characteristics that hinder its direct use as fuel. Torrefaction pre-treatment could be considered to improve the SCB properties for an energy use and to reduce the impact of storage on the reduction of these energy properties. SCB were torrefied at 290 °C in a screw reactor, during 5, 7.5 and 10 min. Then, raw and...

Pellets are widely used for power generation because they use renewable raw material with easy storage, transport and high energy density. However, the structural fragility, disintegrating during handling, transport and storage, is one of the main problems of pellets, but the addition of binders/additives can minimize this fragility. The objective...

Agroforestry industries, such as sugar-alcohol, food, and logging, produce large quantities of waste, used to generate energy from direct burning. The application of other processes, such as torrefaction and briquetting, can increase the profits from the use of agro-industrial waste for energy generation. Briquetting is an alternative for using the...

The aim of this study was to compare the properties of wood and charcoal of Eucalyptus sp., from two silvicultural systems (replanting and coppicing), in addition to assessing the economic viability of both systems, through the financial indicators Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Payback. The study was carried out in a ch...

Estudos que visem ampliar o conhecimento das madeiras oriundas do cerrado podem contribuir com o correto manejo das espécies. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a qualidade da madeira e do carvão vegetal de três espécies do cerrado (Tachigali vulgaris, Myracrodruon urundeuva e Amburana cearensis) para fins energéticos. Foram amostradas duas árvore...

There is a gap in the literature regarding the quality and suitability of charcoals produced from the abundant logging wastes from sustainable forest management in the Brazilian Amazonia. Our study aimed to characterize and group charcoals produced from the wastes of 20 logged native species in an Amazonia Forest Management Area according to their...

Due to the physiological differences in the juvenile and adult phases of teak wood, differentiation occurs in the impregnation by extractive materials along the heartwood regions, assuming that there is also a significant variation in the permeability of this material. Thus, the study aimed to evaluate the influence of age on the heartwood / sapwoo...

To increase production and decrease the heterogeneity of charcoal produced in rectangular kilns, the control of carbonization must be carried out based on the kiln internal temperature. The objective of this work was to analyze the maximum carbonization temperature and the time of thermal degradation at temperatures above 290 °C based on the intern...

O carvão vegetal é um importante insumo na siderurgia nacional e seu uso tem muitas vantagens sobre o carvão mineral e o coque, uma vez que é renovável, menos poluente e com baixos teores de enxofre e fósforo. A partir disso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho do resfriamento artificial do carvão vegetal em forno retangular. Para is...

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a influência do diâmetro da madeira de eucalipto na produtividade e nas propriedades do carvão vegetal. A carbonização foi realizada em forno circular de alvenaria com capacidade volumétrica de 12 st, acoplado a uma fornalha para combustão dos gases. Foi analisada a madeira de Eucalyptus sp., em duas classes de...

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as propriedades físicas, químicas e mecânicas de briquetes produzidos com diferentes proporções de resíduos de poda urbana, lodo de flotação, papelão ondulado e embalagens cartonadas. Os briquetes foram produzidos em escala laboratorial, utilizando pressão de 1200 PSI, temperatura 120oC e utilizando como bas...