Angela Ianaro

• Pharmacy
• Professor (Associate) at University of Naples Federico II

Purpose Anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD1) is the first-choice treatment in patients with advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), when curative options are unavailable. However, reliable biomarkers for patient selection are still lacking. Experimental design In this translational study, clinical annotations, tissue and liquid biopsies w...

The management of allergic events is a growing global health issue, especially in industrialized countries. This disease is an immune-mediated process, regulated by the interaction of IgE with an allergen, resulting in mast cell activation, which concerns the release of several immune-inflammatory modulators, i.e., histamine, β-hexosaminidase, COX-...

Rosmarinus officinalis L. is an aromatic evergreen plant from the Lamiaceae family. The purpose of this study was to compare the chemical profile and bioactivities of hydroalcoholic extracts derived from wild and cultivated R. officinalis. The chemical composition of the extracts was evaluated via LC–MS analysis, which revealed the presence of a wi...

Marine compounds represent a varied source of new drugs with potential anticancer effects. Among these, sponges, including those belonging to the Irciniidae family, have been demonstrated to exert cytotoxic effects on different human cancer cells. Here, we investigated, for the first time, the therapeutic effect of an extract (referred as iSP) from...

Organic nitrates are widely used, but their chronic efficacy is blunted due to the development of tolerance. The properties of new tolerance free organic nitrates were studied. Their lipophilicity profile and passive diffusion across polydimethylsiloxane membrane and pig ear-skin, and their efficacy in tissue regeneration using HaCaT keratinocytes...

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Chamomile (M. chamomilla L.) is an herbaceous plant from family Astereaceae, that has a long history of use in traditional medicine. It has been used as herbal remedies for thousands of years to treat several diseases, including infections, neuropsychiatric, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and liver disorders. Chroni...

Melanoma is the most dangerous form of skin cancer and is characterized by chemotherapy resistance and recurrence despite the new promising therapeutic approaches. In the last years, erucin (ERU), the major isothiocyanate present in Eruca sativa, commonly known as rocket salads, has demonstrated great efficacy as an anticancer agent in different in...

Olive tree leaves are an abundant source of bioactive compounds with several beneficial effects for human health, including a protective role against many types of cancer. In this study, we investigated the effect of an extract, obtained from olive tree (Olea europaea L.) leaves (OLE), on proliferation, invasion, and epithelial to mesenchymal trans...

Cancer immunotherapy has led to impressive advances in cancer treatment. Unfortunately, in a high percentage of patients is difficult to consistently restore immune responses to eradicate established tumors. It is well accepted that adaptive immune cells, such as B lymphocytes, CD4⁺ helper T lymphocytes, and CD8⁺ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), are...

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) play a critical role in protection against helminths and in diverse inflammatory diseases by responding to soluble factors such as the alarmin IL-33, that is often overexpressed in cancer. Nonetheless, regulatory factors that dictate ILC2 functions remain poorly studied. Here, we show that peroxisome proliferat...

Olive tree (Olea europaea L.) leaves are an abundant source of bioactive compounds with several beneficial effects for human health. Recently, the effect of olive leaf extract in obesity has been studied. However, the molecular mechanism in preventing obesity-related inflammation has not been elucidated. Obesity is a state of chronic low-grade infl...

Malignant melanoma is the deadliest skin cancer, due to its propensity to metastasize. MAPKs and NF‐κB pathways are constitutively activated in melanoma and promote cell proliferation, cell invasion, metastasis formation, and resistance to therapeutic regimens. Thus, they represent potential targets for melanoma prevention and treatment. Phytochemi...

Suppression of antitumor immune responses is one of the main mechanisms by which tumor cells escape from destruction by the immune system. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) represent the main immunosuppressive cells present in the tumor microenvironment (TME) that sustain cancer progression. MDSCs are a heterogeneous group of immature myeloi...

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a family of immune cells that are emerging as potent orchestrators of immune responses. In cancer, ILCs display both pro- and antitumorigenic functions depending on the nature of the tumor and the involved ILC subset. Little is known about the ILC-tumor crosstalk in human melanoma. Here, we showed that ILC1s were en...

CRISPR/Cas9 has become a powerful method to engineer genomes and to activate or to repress genes expression. As such, in cancer research CRISPR/Cas9 technology represents an efficient tool to dissect mechanisms of tumorigenesis and to discover novel targets for drug development. Here, we employed the CRISPR/Cas9 technology for studying the role of...

Background and Purpose Myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) represent a major obstacle to cancer treatment, as they negatively regulate anti‐tumour immunity through the suppression of tumour‐specific T lymphocytes. Thus, the efficacy of immunotherapies may be improved by targeting MDSCs. In this study, we assessed the ability of hydrogen sulfid...

Background: Several mechanisms are present in the tumor microenvironment (TME) to impair cytotoxic T cell responses potentially able to control tumor growth. Among these, the accumulation of adenosine (Ado) contributes to tumor progression and represents a promising immunotherapeutic target. Ado has been shown to impair T cell effector function, b...

The beneficial effects of H2S-release and of COXs-inhibition have been exploited in the design of novel anti-inflammatory drugs, the H2S-releasing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (H2S-NSAIDs), showing promising potential for chemoprevention in cancers. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of a new H2S-releasing derivative of naproxen, named naprox...

Naproxen-HBTA inhibits motility, invasiveness, and cell colony formation of B16F10 murine melanoma cells. B16F10 cells were treated with naproxen-HBTA (NAP-HBTA) (10 or 30 μM) for 12 or 24 h and the migration was determined by the rate of cells filling the scratched area. Representative photographs and average number of migratory B16F10 cells. (A,B...

Natural compounds derived from marine organisms exhibit a wide variety of biological activities. Over the last decades, a great interest has been focused on the anti-tumour role of sponges and algae that constitute the major source of these bioactive metabolites. A substantial number of chemically different structures from different species have de...

Background: A strong, reciprocal crosstalk between inflammation and melanoma has rigorously been demonstrated in recent years, showing how crucial is a pro-inflammatory microenvironment to drive therapy resistance and metastasis. Purpose: We investigated on the effects of Indicaxanthin, a novel, anti-inflammatory and bioavailable phytochemical from...

The biodiversity of the Mediterranean basin ecosystem is the most prolific sources of plant metabolites playing a pivotal role as starting precursors for drug discovery [1]. Tunisia has nearly 2100 vascular plant species, many of which are endemic, widely used for traditional health care and still largely unexplored [2]. As a part of our contributi...

Nowadays, the increasing burden of cancer has renewed the interest in plants as source of potential anticancer drugs. In fact, one of the major problems with cancer chemotherapy is the extreme toxicity of the traditional drugs. Thus, the research for new biologically active molecules against cancer is targeted on plants and their derived natural pr...

Chronic inflammation contributes to tumor initiation in colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CRC). Indeed, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients show an increased risk of developing CRC. Cancer immune evasion is a major issue in CRC and preclinical and clinical evidence has defined a critical role for myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) t...

Currently, nutraceuticals do not have a specific definition distinct from those of other food-derived categories, e.g., food supplements, herbal products, pre- and probiotics, functional foods, and fortified foods. Many studies have led to an understanding of the potential mechanisms of action of pharmaceutically active components contained in food...

Vitis vinifera cv Falanghina is an ancient grape variety of Southern Italy. A thorough phytochemical analysis of the Falanghina leaves was conducted to investigate its specialised metabolite content. Along with already known molecules, such as caftaric acid, quercetin-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, quercetin-3-O-β-d-glucuronide, kaempferol-3-O-β-d-glucop...

Of the numerous gaseous substances that can act as signaling molecules, the best characterized are nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide. Contributions of each of these low molecular weight substances, alone or in combination, to maintenance of gastrointestinal mucosal integrity have been established. There is considerable overlap in t...

Background Inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of several chronic diseases. The urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) exerts a plethora of functions in both physiological and pathological processes, including inflammation. Objective and designIn this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of a novel peptide ligand...

Melanoma is the most common form of skin cancer. Given its high mortality, the interest in the search of preventive measures, such as dietary factors, is growing significantly. In this study we tested, in vitro and in vivo, the potential anti-cancer effect of the acetyl deacylasadisulfide (ADA), a vinyl disulfide compound, isolated and purified fro...

Background The resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors for the treatment of melanoma have prompted investigators to implement novel clinical trials which combine immunotherapy with different treatment modalities. Moreover is also important to investigate the mechanisms which regulate the dynamic expression of PD-L1 on tumor cells and PD-1 on T cells in...

Inflammation plays a key role in tumor promotion and development. Indeed, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression is strongly associated with different types of cancer. An emerging class of compounds with significant anti-inflammatory properties is the hydrogen sulfide-releasing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (H2S-NSAIDs). They consist of a trad...

The possible correlation between cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and disease progression in melanoma is still a matter of debate. Analysis of COX-2 expression in 45 lymph node melanoma metastases demonstrates a significant correlation between the percent of expression and progression free survival (PFS). A positive COX-2 expression ≥10% (COX-2h...

Table of contents MELANOMA BRIDGE 2015 KEYNOTE SPEAKER PRESENTATIONS Molecular and immuno-advances K1 Immunologic and metabolic consequences of PI3K/AKT/mTOR activation in melanoma Vashisht G. Y. Nanda, Weiyi Peng, Patrick Hwu, Michael A. Davies K2 Non-mutational adaptive changes in melanoma cells exposed to BRAF and MEK inhibitors help the establi...

H2S is a gaseous mediator, soluble in both water and lipids, sharing with nitric oxide and carbon monoxide many physiological and pathophysiological roles. H2S is a signaling molecule with a variety of functions, ranging from regulation of synaptic transmission, vascular tone, inflammation, transcription, and angiogenesis to protection of cells fro...

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been shown to reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal cancers, but the propensity of these drugs to cause ulcers and bleeding limits their use. H2S has been shown to be a powerful cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory substance in the digestive system. This study explored the possibility that a H2S-releasin...

Hydrogen sulfide is an endogenous gasotransmitter and its mechanism of action involves activation of KATP channels and phosphodiesterases (PDE)s inhibition. Since both mechanisms are potentially involved in the Malignant Hyperthermia (MH), here we have addressed the involvement of the L-cysteine/hydrogen sulfide pathway in MH. Skeletal muscle biops...

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) has been shown to be involved in the asthmatic disease as well in preclinical mouse experimental models. The aim of this study was to understand the mechanism(s) underlying S1P effects on the lung. BALB/c, mast cell-deficient and Nude mice were injected with S1P subcutaneously on day 0 and 7. Functional, molecular and...

In human two main metabolic enzymes synthesize hydrogen sulfide (H2S): cystathionine γ lyase (CSE) and cystathionine β synthase (CBS). A third enzyme 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST) synthesize H2S in the presence of the substrate 3-mercaptopyruvate (3-MP). The immunohistochemistry analysis performed on human melanoma samples demonstrat...

Background and purpose: Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) is a gaseous mediator strongly involved in cardiovascular homeostasis, where it provokes vasodilatation. Having previously shown that H2 S contributes to testosterone-induced vasorelaxation, here we aim to uncover the mechanisms underlying this effect. Experimental approach: H2 S biosynthesis was e...

Nutritional research has shifted recently from alleviating nutrient deficiencies to chronic disease prevention. We investigated the activity of indicaxanthin, a bioavailable phytochemical of the betalain class from the edible fruit of Opuntia ficus-indica (L. Miller) in a rat model of acute inflammation. Rat pleurisy was achieved by injection of 0....

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) represents one of the key latest additions to the list of vasoactive substances that modulate vascular tone. Proteinase activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) has been shown to be involved in cardiovascular function. In the present study we investigated the involvement of PAR-2 in S1P-induced effect on vascular tone. This study...

Several studies suggest that N/OFQ-NOP receptor pathway is involved in airway physiology. We previously demonstrated a modulation of the endogenous N/OFQ levels in allergen sensitized mice. Here, we investigated the effects of NOP receptor activation in allergen sensitization using a murine model of allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR)...

Here we have characterized perthamide C, a cyclopeptide from a Solomon Lithistid sponge Theonella swinhoei, which displays an anti-inflammatory/immunomodulatory activity. The study has been performed using the carragenan-induced mouse paw edema that displays an early (0–6 h) and a late phase (24–96 h). Perthamide C significantly inhibits neutrophil...

Background and purpose: Proteinase-activated receptors (PARs) and toll-like receptors (TLRs) are involved in innate immune responses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible cross-talk between PAR(2) and TLR4 in vessels in physiological condition and how it varies following stimulation of TLR4 by using in vivo and ex vivo models. Exper...

Background Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) is a novel gaseous mediator enzymatically produced by cystathionine-beta-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine-gamma-lyase (CSE). It is involved in physiological homeostatic processes and several pathological conditions; however, more importantly, H2S has a prominent role in cardiovascular system, where CSE deletion re...

Background Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a pharmacogenetic disorder of skeletal muscle. The incidence of MH reactions ranges from 1:5000 to 1:50,000 anesthesias, however genetic abnormalities have been estimated as great as one in 3000 subjects [1]. The symptoms of MH include hyperthermia, increase in carbon dioxide production and oxygen consumpti...

Background The need for new drugs in melanoma treatment is of great relevance. Indeed, current therapies for the treatment of metastatic melanoma offer a limited clinical benefit and only in recent years there has been an advancement due to the identification of new molecular targets [1]. Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) is endogenously produced by the acti...

Chemical analysis of the Indonesian soft coral Sinularia sp. (order Alcyonacea, family Alcyoniidae) afforded two new alkaloids, named sinulasulfoxide (1) and sinulasulfone (2), characterized by an amide linkage between a phytanic acid moiety and an uncommon sulfur-containing unit. Their complete stereostructures were elucidated by interpretation of...

Ring strain causes planar chirality in tedarenes A and B, two cyclic diarylheptanoids isolated from the marine sponge Tedania ignis. In both molecules, the chiral plane is an olefinic system, which is very rare among natural products. In tedarene A (1), interconversion is too fast to allow isolation of the enantiomeric atropisomers but still slow e...

The acute-phase protein haptoglobin (Hpt) binds apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) and impairs its action on lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase, an enzyme that plays a key role in reverse cholesterol transport. We have previously shown that an ApoA-I mimetic peptide, P2a, displaces Hpt from ApoA-I, restoring the enzyme activity in vitro. The aim of this...

Well-defined amphiphilic Y-shaped miktoarm star-block copolymers of PEO and PCL were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone initiated by a PEO-bound lysine macroinitiator. The copolymers were characterized by (1)H NMR, SEC, DSC, and WAXD techniques. Separate PCL and PEO crystalline phases occur in melt-crystallized copolymers...

Chemical analysis of the Indonesian soft coral Sinularia sp. (order Alcyonacea, family Alcyoniidae) afforded two known and three new C-4 norcembranoids, named chloroscabrolides A (3) and B (4) and prescabrolide (5). Chloroscabrolide A is a pentacyclic norcembranoid including an unprecedented THF-type ring to connect C-13 and C-15; furthermore, it i...

Malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive tumor that frequently resists chemotherapy, so the search for new agents for its treatment is of great importance. In the present study, the antiproliferative propensity against human melanoma cell lines of lauroside B (1), a megastigmane glycoside isolated from Laurus nobilis (bay laurel) leaves, was inves...

The activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a crucial step in the arterial wall's response to injury. The identification and characterization of the NF-κB essential modulator-binding domain (NBD) peptide, which can block the activation of the IκB kinase complex, have provided an opportunity to selectively abrogate the inflammation-induced activa...

The polyketides dihydroplakortin (3), and the dodecanoic acid derivatives 4 and 5, were isolated from the Caribbean marine sponge Plakortis simplex, and their structures fully characterized by spectroscopic and chemical means. The absolute stereochemistries of the known plakortin (1) and of compounds 3–5 were determined by applying Mosher's and Kus...

Terpioside B (2a), a unique glycolipid containing two fucose residues in the furanose form in its pentasaccharide chain, was isolated from the marine sponge Terpios sp. Its complete stereostructure was solved by interpretation of mass spectrometric and NMR data along with CD and GG-MS analyses of its degradation products. Terpioside B is a potent i...

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or endotoxin, the major constituent of the outer membrane of Gram negative bacteria, has been implicated as the bacterial product responsible for the clinical syndrome of sepsis. LPS binding to the host receptor Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) triggers an inflammatory reaction characterised by the release of large number of inf...

Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer, it originates from melanocytes and its incidence has increased in the last decade. Recent advances in the understanding of the underlying biology of the progression of melanoma have identified key signalling pathways that are important in promoting melanoma tumourigenesis, thus providing dynamic...

Although thiazolidinediones were designed as specific peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ-ligands, there is evidence for some off-target effects mediated by a non-PPARγ mechanism. Previously we have shown that rosiglitazone has antiinflammatory actions not explicable by activation of PPARγ, but possibly by the glucocorticoid recepto...

Two new diterpenes, named paralianone (2) and pepluene (3), based, respectively, on rare paraliane and pepluane skeletons, have been isolated from Euphorbia paralias, together with two known analogues (4 and 5), and their stereostructure determined by spectroscopic methods. The isolated compounds were tested as anti-inflammatory agents in vitro for...

Studies in humans and animal models suggest that interleukin-18 (IL-18) plays a crucial role in vascular pathologies. IL-18 is a predictor of cardiovascular death in angina and is involved in atherotic plaque destabilization. Higher IL-18 plasma levels also are associated with restenosis after coronary artery angioplasty performed in patients with...

Inflammation disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, asthma and inflammatory bowel disease can be considered as 'gene expression' diseases in which the pro-inflammatory gene program of the organism is aberrantly activated. Over the past 20 years, great attention has been given to the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) for its in...

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin is the bacterial product responsible for the clinical syndrome of Gram-negative septicemia and endotoxic shock. During sepsis, microbial antigens, such as LPS, activate monocytes and macrophages to produce several pro-inflammatory cytokines, among which tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) appears to be very im...

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or endotoxin, the major constituent of the outer membrane of Gram negative bacteria , has been implicated as the bacterial product responsible for the clinical syndrome of sepsis. LPS binding to the host receptor Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) triggers an inflammatory reaction characterised by the release of large number of in...

From the whole plant of Euphorbia peplus L., a new diterpene based on a rare pepluane skeleton, named pepluanone (1), was isolated together with a known pepluane diterpene (2). The stereostructure of pepluanone was determined on the basis of an extensive NMR study, MS data, and chemical reaction. The ability of these compounds to act as antiinflamm...

Two new metabolites 5alphaH,7alphaH-eudesman-4alpha,6alpha,11,12-tetraol (1) and 1beta,15-dihydroxy-5alphaH,7alphaH-eudesma-3,11(13)-dien-12,6alpha-olide ( 2) have been isolated from the methanolic extract of Laurus nobilis L. leaves. Their structures were determined through analysis of their one- and two-dimensional NMR spectral data ((1)H- and (1...

Influenza A viruses continue to represent a severe threat worldwide, causing large epidemics and pandemics responsible for thousands of deaths every year. Excessive inflammation due to overabundant production of proinflammatory cytokines by airway epithelial cells is considered an important factor in disease pathogenesis. Here we report that influe...

The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) play important roles in both physiological and pathological conditions such as cell differentiation, lipolysis, control of glucose metabolism, immunity, and inflammation. In fact, recent studies suggest that the thiazolidinedione (TZD) class of PPAR-gamma ligan...

We used an experimental model of inflammation in mice, carrageenan-induced paw edema, to study the antiinflammatory effects of the NEMO-binding domain (NBD) peptide, which blocks activation of the inducible transcription factor NF-kappaB. Paw edema was induced by subplantar injection of 1% lambda-carrageenan into the mouse left hind paw. Test agent...

The heat shock response is a highly conserved mechanism of protection elicited in the cell by various kinds of stimuli, such as heat, sodium arsenite, oxidants and inflammation. Among the mechanisms potentially involved in mediating the protective effects of hsp, one of the most investigated is the inhibition of pro-inflammatory gene expression suc...

Laurus nobilis L. leaves are widely used in cooking and in folk medicine. Five new megastigmane glucosides (2-4, 7, and 9) named laurosides A-E and a new phenolic glucoside 12 were isolated from the methanolic extract of L. nobilis L. leaves, along with 10 known components: megastigmane (5), megastigmane glucosides (1, 6, 8, 10, and 11), aromatic c...

A detailed analysis of toxic shellfish collected in the Adriatic sea in October 2000 allowed us to isolate a new cytotoxic chlorosulfolipid (3). Its gross structure has been elucidated through an extensive NMR analysis including various 2D techniques; the relative stereochemistry has been solved by applying the Murata's method. Compound 3 showed to...

Recent studies have demonstrated that Tempol, a membrane-permeable radical scavenger, exerts protective effects in various models of inflammation and shock. Since nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) is a transcription factor, which plays a pivotal role in the induction of genes involved in physiological processes as well as in the response to inflamm...

In this study we investigated, for the first time in vivo, the effect of cloricromene, a cumarine derivative, on NF-kappaB activation in endotoxin-treated rats. Endotoxemia was induced in male rats by the intravenous injection of Salmonella typhosa lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 2 mg/kg/i.v.). In vivo treatment with cloricromene (2 mg/kg/i.v.) 30 min bef...

The nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) is a transcription factor that plays a pivotal role in the induction of genes involved in physiological processes, as well as in the response to inflammation. In this study, we used a selective nonpeptidyl superoxide dismutase mimetic, M40403, to investigate the role of superoxide anion in NF-kappaB activation...

Recent studies have demonstrated that Tempol, a membrane-permeable radical scavenger, exerts protective effects in various models of inflammation and shock. Since nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) is a transcription factor, which plays a pivotal role in the induction of genes involved in physiological processes as well as in the response to inflamm...

The importance of T cell Ag specificity and Th1 vs Th2 phenotype in synovial inflammation remains controversial. Using OVA-specific TCR transgenic T cells from DO11.10 mice, we demonstrate that mice receiving Th1, but not Th2, cells display a transient arthritis following immunization that is characterized by synovial hyperplasia, cellular infiltra...