About
93
Publications
84,587
Reads
How we measure 'reads'
A 'read' is counted each time someone views a publication summary (such as the title, abstract, and list of authors), clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the full-text. Learn more
1,425
Citations
Introduction
Education
August 1980 - August 1986
August 1980 - August 1983
October 1974 - June 1979
Publications
Publications (93)
Previous research has demonstrated the influence of emotions during linguistic processing, indicating the interactivity of both processes in the brain. However, little is known regarding such interplay in a second language (L2). This study addressed this question by examining the reading effects of syntactic violations while processing L2 emotional...
The malleable nature of memory and its changes over a lifetime explain why it has been a target for research using non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques. Among the various NIBS methods and different memory domains, the use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to modulate long-term memory processes related to episodic and sem...
Evidence accumulates to show that semantic cognition requires, in addition to semantic
representations, executive control processes that regulate the accessibility and use of
semantic knowledge in a task- and time-appropriate fashion. Semantic control has been
recently proposed to rely on a distributed network that includes the posterior tempora...
En los últimos años, el uso de megaestudios para investigar los factores intrínsecos relacionados con la memorabilidad de las palabras se ha hecho cada vez más común (Cortese, 2019). A diferencia de los estudios factoriales, los megaestudios permiten investigar las influencias relativas de distintas propiedades en conjuntos de estímulos más amplios...
Non-invasive transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the left anterior temporal lobe (ATL) has been shown to cause a reduction in the rate of false memories with semantically related words. Such a reduction seems to be specific to false memories induced by the study of associative lists, but is not observed when the studied lists are ca...
This study adapted the Demand Resource Evaluation Scores (DRES) as a metacognitive indicator in assessing pilot students' perceptions during simulated training of a novel maneuver. Typically, positive DRES are associated with perceiving a demanding situation as a challenge and with improved performance, while negative DRES are linked to a perceptio...
Background
This study examined memory inhibitory control in adults with autism. Our interest stemmed from the idea that malfunctioning cognitive inhibition may contribute to symptoms such as thought perseverance and inflexibility of social interactions in this disorder.
Method
We drew from work in retrieval-induced forgetting which shows that retr...
Drawing a hypothesis from embodied theories of memory, van Dam, Rueschemeyer, Bekkering and Lindemann [(2013). Embodied grounding of memory: Toward the effects of motor execution on memory consolidation. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 66(12), 2310–2328] showed that recognition performance for action words could be modulated by ac...
We describe a new phenomenon related to language comprehension and memory: the Linguistic Looming Effect (LLE). The perceptual looming bias is the finding that objects approaching the self grab attention and generate quick adaptive action, such as avoidance of the object (Neuhoff, 2018). The LLE is the finding that sentences that describe concrete...
With the aim of finding quantitative indicators of the survival relevance for a set of concrete concepts, a subjective rating task was administered to a large sample of college students (N = 300). In the rating task, participants used a five-point scale to rate 750 concepts in one of two survival-relevant dimensions, providing their own judgment ab...
In two experiments with large samples of participants, we explored contextual memory effects associated with body posture, which was considered a physical and proprioceptive context and, therefore, potentially relevant to the encoding and retrieval of information. In Experiment 1 (N = 128), we studied the effect of context dependence on memory by m...
Recent research in our laboratory (Díez et al., Cortex, 2017) has found evidence that anodal tDCS of the left anterior temporal lobe (ATL) while memory encoding can cause a reduction in the rate of DRM-induced false memories, specifically linked to the study of associative lists, but not for lists of exemplars of the same category. The anodal reduc...
Familiarity, emotionality, motor activity, memorability, and vividness of visual imagery ratings, on 7-point scales, were collected for 536 Spanish action-related sentences, including a corpus of 439 phrases originally normed in Swedish, German, and Croatian (Arar & Molander, 1996; Molander & Arar, 1998; Molander, Arar, Mavrinac, & Janig, 1999) and...
An individual’s sense of the extent to which her or his body physically interacts with objects in the environment (body–object interaction; BOI) has been empirically shown to modulate lexical and semantic processing of object names. To allow for further exploration of the nature of those effects, BOI ratings for 750 Spanish nouns were obtained from...
Subjective ratings of perceptual and motor attributes were obtained for a set of 750 concrete concepts in Spanish by requiring scale-based judgments from a sample of university students (N = 539). Following on the work of Amsel, Urbach, and Kutas (2012), the seven attributes were color, motion, sound, smell, taste, graspability, and pain. Normative...
University of Salamanca Spanish Free Association Norms / Normas de Asociación libre en castellano de la Universidad de Salamanca (NALC)
NALC includes free associate norms for 6739 words normed from a sample of 525 subjects for 247 words, 200 subjects for 664 words and 100 subjects for the rest of words.
Free association is “a task that requires p...
Sensory experience rating (SER) is a recently developed subjective lexical index that reflects the extent to which a word evokes a sensory and/or perceptual experience in a reader (Juhasz & Yap, 2013; Juhasz, Yap, Dicke, Taylor, & Gullick, 2011). In the present study, SERs for a set of 5,500 Spanish words were collected, which makes this the larges...
Research on familiar faces has recurrently been conducted in different domains, such as, psycholinguistics, memory, attention, face processing, aging studies, etc. In general, photographs of celebrities, their proper names, or their occupations have been the materials mainly employed in those types of studies. These stimuli are, however, very const...
Research from multiple areas in neuroscience suggests a link between self-locomotion and memory. In two free recall experiments with adults, we looked for a link between (a) memory, and (b) the coherence of movement and optic flow. In both experiments, participants heard lists of words while on a treadmill and wearing a virtual reality (VR) headset...
Background: Research has demonstrated that memory in individuals with autism spectrum disorder
(ASD) is not aided by conceptual relations among words. To explore that, we used a Deese-
Roediger–McDermott (DRM) false-memory paradigm, known to rely on associative relations
between words. We therefore expected people with ASD in our study to be less s...
A dominant view of the role of the anterior temporal lobe (ATL) in semantic memory is that it serves as an integration hub, specialized in the processing of semantic relatedness by way of mechanisms that bind together information from different brain areas to form coherent amodal representations of concepts. Two recent experiments, using brain stim...
Participants. A total of 189 university students (152 female) participated in the study. All of them were native Spanish speakers, also familiar with the English language. A group of 80 students rated the words in Spanish, whereas the words in English were rated by a group of intermediate (n = 51) and by a group of proficient (n = 58) users of Engl...
The hypothesis that reduced accessibility to relevant information can negatively affect problem solving in a Remote Associate Test (RAT) was tested by using, immediately before the RAT, a retrieval practice procedure to hinder access to target solutions. The results of two experiments clearly showed that, relative to baseline, target words that had...
Many studies have shown that how words are processed in a variety of language-related tasks is affected by their age of acquisition (AoA). Most AoA norms have been collected for nouns, a fact that limits the extent to which verb stimuli can be adequately manipulated and controlled in empirical studies. With the aim of increasing the number of verbs...
This study aimed to analyse the effect of retention intervals on associative and thematic false memories. Two experiments, using two types of critical items that were either associatively or thematically related to studied material, were conducted. In both experiments, one group of participants performed a recognition test immediately after the pre...
Drivers claim to use cell phones for benefits such as getting work done and to increase productivity (Sanbonmatsu, Strayer, Behrends, Medeiros-Ward, & Watson, in press). However, individuals who use cell phones while driving may be more likely to rely on reconstructive processes in memory due to divided attention, making them more susceptible to er...
Subjective estimations of age of acquisition (AoA) for a large pool of Spanish words were collected from college students in Spain. The average score for each word (based on 50 individual responses, on a scale from 1 to 11) was taken as an AoA indicator, and normative values for a total of 7,039 single words are provided as supplemental materials....
Knowledge of specific characteristics of verbal material
is imperative in cognitive research, and this need calls
for periodical updating of normative data. With this aim, and
considering that the most recent Spanish-language category
norms for adults date back to more than 30 years ago, and that
they do not include some very common categories, a n...
The results of recent studies suggest that the processing of linguistic stimuli, such as sentences or words, is functionally related to sensory, motor and emotional systems in the brain. With the aim of exploring the relationship between verbs and parts of the body that are likely to be involved in moving and perceiving, a study was conducted to ch...
The influence of finger-strategies on number processing is documented by several findings which suggest that finger-based embodied representations could constitute a potential bridge between the innate number sense and the development of symbolic numerical abilities. Recent studies show evidence of hand muscle activation during passive observation...
The main aim of this study was to analyse the roles played by associative activation and thematic extraction in the explanation of false memories using the Deese, Roediger, McDermott (DRM) paradigm. Associative lists with two different types of critical items (CIs) were used: one, the associative CI, corresponded to the word most strongly primed by...
Knowledge of specific characteristics of verbal material is imperative in cognitive research, and this need calls for periodical updating of normative data. With this aim, and considering that the most recent Spanish-language category norms for adults date back to more than 30 years ago, and that they do not include some very common categories, a n...
En: Cognitiva Madrid 1999, v. 11, n. 2; p. 175-199 La relación entre contexto ambiental y memoría se ha estudiado experimentalmente con resultados contradictorios. Una aproximación difente, basada en el uso de un cuestionario fenomenológico proporciona datos que ayudan a comprender algunas características de los recuerdos dependientes del contexto....
Los desafíos a los que se enfrentan las personas con discapacidad requieren respuestas personales y sociales bien fundamentadas, basadas en la evidencia que procede de la investigación científica. En las últimas décadas se han desarrollado metodologías avanzadas y se han formado recursos humanos de alta cualificación. Pero a la vez, es patente una...
The present study analyzed the retrieval dynamics of false recall, using an externalized free-recall task after participants studied Deese/Roediger-McDermott lists with high- and low-identifiable critical words. In Experiment 1, the memory test required participants to write down the words they remembered as having been presented in each list (reca...
Retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF) has been studied with different types of tests and materials. However, RIF has always been tested on the items' central features, and there is no information on whether inhibition also extends to peripheral features of the events in which the items are embedded. In two experiments, we specifically tested the prese...
Previous research using the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm has shown that lists of associates in which the critical words were easily identified as the themes of the lists produce lower levels of false memories in adults. In an attempt to analyze whether this effect is due to the application of a specific memory-editing process (the identi...
En este trabajo se ha estudiado el falso reconocimiento utilizando el
paradigma Deese/Roediger-McDermott (DRM). Concretamente, se ha
analizado el efecto diferencial de la fuerza asociativa directa e inversa sobre
el falso reconocimiento, a la vez que se ha estudiado el papel desempeñado
por el alto o bajo nivel de asociación de las listas en este t...
False recognition (FR) was studied in one experiment using the Deese/Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm. Specifically, the differential contributions of forward associative strength and backward associative strength were analyzed, together with an analysis of the role played by the associative level of the lists on this kind of memory illusion. Mate...
Frequency of occurrence is an important attribute of lexical units, and one that is widely used in psychological research and theorization. Although printed frequency norms have long been available for Spanish, and subtitle-based norms have more recently been published, oral frequency norms have not been systematically compiled for a representative...
The effects of environmental context on the recall of information were studied in three experiments in which
context was manipulated by changing rooms between study and test, with subjects learning a list of words in
one room and later recalling it in the same environmental context or in a different one. Additionally, half of
the subjects were inst...
Se estudiaron los efectos del contexto ambiental sobre la memoria en tres experimentos en los que se manipuló el contexto cambiando las habitaciones entre estudio y prueba de memoria, haciendo que los sujetos estudiaran una lista de palabras en una habitación y que la recordaran más tarde en el mismo contexto ambiental o en otro diferente. Además,...
El presente estudio se planteó con el objetivo de calcular el índice psicolingüístico de concreción de una serie de palabras que resultan de interés en la investigación psicológica. El corpus analizado constó de 730 palabras, la mayoría de las cuales son ejemplares frecuentes de categorías naturales de acuerdo con normas de producción categorial en...
The present study was aimed at compiling the concreteness values for a pool of words of particular interest to psychological research. The analyzed set included 730 words, most of which were common exemplars of natural categories according to Spanish-language norms. The rest of the words, which were added for methodological reasons, were selected f...
Two experiments were conducted to examine whether children of different ages differ in their ability to reject associative false memories with the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm. Two different types of manipulations that are thought to facilitate false memory rejection in adults-slowing the presentation rate and issuing explicit warnings-w...
In the present study, we used the Deese/Roediger-McDermott paradigm to analyze the relationship between theme identifiability of word lists and false memories in adults and children. We conducted two normative studies to determine the identifiability levels for critical unpresented words in 40 associative lists in adults and in 16 associative lists...
This study investigated the development of false memories for basic and superordinate names using the DRM procedure. Two experiments were conducted with younger (3-5 years old) and older (10-12 years old) children. In the first experiment the DRM procedure was used with categorised lists and in the second experiment both types of lists--categorised...
This study presents Portuguese category norms for children of three different age groups: preschoolers (3- to 4-year-olds), second graders (7- to 8-year-olds), and preadolescents (11- to 12-year-olds). Three hundred Portuguese children (100 in each group) completed an exemplar-generation task. Preschoolers generated exemplars for 13 categories, sec...
Two experiments attempted to resolve previous contradictory findings concerning developmental trends in false memories within the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm by using an improved methodology--constructing age-appropriate associative lists. The research also extended the DRM paradigm to preschoolers. Experiment 1 (N=320) included childre...
Recent data (T. J. Perfect, C. J. A. Moulin, M. A. Conway, & E. Perry, 2002) have suggested that retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF) depends on conceptual memory because the effect is not found in perceptually driven tasks. In 3 experiments, the authors aimed to show that the presence of RIF depends on whether the procedure induces appropriate trans...
Las investigaciones psicologicas sobre los errores de distorsion en el re-cuerdo han venido realizandose desde el comienzo de los estudios cientificos de la memoria humana (vease Schacter, 1995), aunque, de un tiempo a esta parte, el interes por este tipo de errores de la memoria ha aumentado consi-derablemente. Parte de las investigaciones sobre l...
Word lists containing the 15 most frequent associates to a set of 55 critical words were elaborated on the basis of free-association norms available in Spanish. The degree to which studying each list led to false recall and false recognition of the corresponding critical words was empirically determined in two independent DRM experiments. The resul...
The most frequent names in Spanish corresponding to a set of 247 pictures in the Snodgrass and Vanderwart (1980) norms were used as stimuli in a discrete free-association task. A sample of 525 Spanish-speaking participants provided the first word that came to mind for each of the verbal stimuli. Responses were organized according to frequency of pr...
False recall and false recognition production indexes for 55 word-lists in Spanish: Word lists containing the 15 most frequent associates to a set of 55 critical words were elaborated on the basis of free-association norms available in Spanish. The degree to which studying each list led to false recall and false recognition of the corresponding cri...
Environmental context effects on memory have captured the interest of researchers in the last few decades and have been considered to be an important component in information encoding and retrieval processes. The basic idea is that aspects of the environmental context are incidentally encoded with the to-be-remembered information and, later, the re...
The effect of environmental context on episodic memory was examined in two free recall experiments with groups of old and young subjects. All subjects studied a list of unrelated words and were subsequently tested in the same room or in a different room. The results of Experiment 1 showed an advantage of being tested in the same context for the old...
Studies of the effects of environmental context on memory have so far shown a pattern of inconsistent results. In the 4 experiments reported here, directed forgetting manipulations were used to test the possibility that words assigned to a forgetting condition at the time of study were more likely to be affected by contextual manipulations at the t...
espanolLa relacion entre contexto ambiental y memoria se ha estudiado experimentalmente con resultados contradictorios. Una aproximacion diferente, basada en el uso de un cuestionario fenomenologico (el MCQ. Johnson y cols, 1988) proporciona datos que ayudan a comprender algunas caracteristicas de los recuerdos dependientes del contexto. Los result...
Los estudios sobre los efectos del contexto ambiental en memoria han aportado, hasta el momento, un patrón de resultados inconsistentes. Con la intención de clarificar este problema, se llevaron a cabo 4 experimentos utilizando el paradigma de olvido dirigido con el método de la palabra. En todos los estudios se sometió a comprobación la hipótesis...
En el presente trabajo se analiza el efecto del estado de ánimo sobre la memoria, comenzando por revisar los déficits de memoria de los sujetos depresivos en pruebas explícitas como la de recuerdo libre o reconocimiento. A continuación, y tras abordar los aspectos esenciales relativos a las pruebas implícitas de memoria, se comprueba que, aunque lo...
In three experiments, we explored the role of verb tense and verb aspect in subjects' construction of mental models while reading. In the first and second experiments, subjects read paragraphs in which verb tense was manipulated to assign current and past attributes (job descriptions) to a main character. The results showed that on-line accessibili...
Se seleccionaron 360 palabras frecuentes del castellano, de una y dos sílabas,
y posteriormente se digitalizaron con voz femenina. La base de sonidos
resultante se ofrece en tres de los formatos de sonido usados con más
frecuencia por los principales generadores de experimentos para plataformas
Macintosh y PC (snd, AIFF y SoundEdit). También se exp...
Los efectos del contexto ambiental en la memoria han resultado ser poco fiables en un buen número de estudios previos. Con la intención de clarificar este problema, se llevaron a cabo dos experimentos. El primer experimento sometió a comprobación la hipótesis de que el efecto del contexto dependía del grado en que se procesaba el entorno en el que...
The Snodgrass and Vanderwart (1980) picture set was standardized for a Spanish sample (N = 261). The present article shows the main results, but more explicitly, it shows the differences between English and Spanish
data. This evidence justifies the statement that normative data of cognitive stimuli cannot be taken into another language
directly, be...
Se investigó el rendimiento de sujetos clínicamente depresivos y sujetos normales en una prueba explícita de memoria (recuerdo libre) y en dos pruebas implícitas de memoria (completar fragmentos de palabras y producción de palabras pertenecientes a varias categorías semánticas). Tras estudiar una serie de palabras pertenecientes a varias categorías...
La capacidad general de comprensión constituye una de las principales fuentes de diferencias individuales en poblaciones de lectores adultos. Recientemente, Gernsbacher y Varner (1988) han desarrollado una prueba para evaluar dicha capacidad general: la Batería Multimedia de Comprensión (BMC). La BMC ha demostrado ser un instrumento útil para la se...
Glenberg & Mathew (1992) (G&M) have provided us with an excellent
occasion to address some of the central issues concerning reading and
comprehension. Their target article, a response to a paper by McKoon &
Ratcliff (1992) (M&R), has the virtue of stimulating reflection and
will prove highly beneficial if, as we expect, it can also generate an...
Two new, long-lasting phenomena involving modality of stimulus presentation are documented. In one series of experiments we investigated effects of modality of presentation on order judgments. Order judgments for auditory words were more accurate than order judgments for visual words at both the beginning and the end of lists, and the auditory adva...
Two new, long-lasting phenomena involving modality of stimulus presentation are documented. In one series of experiments we investigated effects of modality of presentation on order judgments. Order judgments for auditory words were more accurate than order judgments for visual words at both the beginning and the end of lists, and the auditory adva...
