Andrzej Sioma

• Professor
• Head of the Vision Systems and Optoelectronics Laboratory at AGH University of Krakow

The article discusses the method of imaging fungal infections on the surface of wood using a dedicated vision system. Fungal infections develop on the surface of wood during transport and storage. In the production process, qualitative sorting of wood is carried out based on presence of infections on surfaces. Some infections are clearly visible, e...

This paper presents a method for detecting holes and grooves made by wood-boring pests. As part of the production process automation, wood delivered from sawmills is checked for defects visible on its surface. One of the critical defects that disqualifies wood from further processing is the presence of feeding marks left by various types of pests o...

A Shape-From-Focus (SFF) is a three-dimensional imaging method based on focus information. It is not yet widely used for in-line industrial inspection or measurement tasks. The main reasons are the time it takes to capture a 3D image of the inspected product and the presence of interference affecting image quality. This paper compares operators for...

The article discusses a method of modelling the interaction of industrial illuminators with sensor arrays used in industrial vision systems cameras. The research used a model containing a light source and a sensor matrix. As part of the research, the average intensity of electromagnetic radiation in the visible range on the surface of the sensor ma...

This article presents a vision method of identifying and measuring wood surface parameters to detect defects resulting from errors occurring during machining. The paper presents the method of recording a three–dimensional image of the wood surface using the laser triangulation method. It discusses parameters related to imaging resolution and the im...

The development of technology for manufacturing products and machines carrying out technological operations is closely linked to developing systems for tracking and controlling product and production process parameters. This paper shows how the development of quality control and production management systems such as TQM and MES is related to the de...

Wood used in production processes can be infected by various fungi growing on its surface. The presence of fungi on the wood surface results from the method of storage, handling and transport of the wood. However, the presence of fungi on wood carries a high risk to the health of production operators and users. At the same time, it has a negative i...

This article presents a comparison of the course of a creep phenomenon in the control system of a bimorph actuator, in which control voltages were applied to both piezoelectric layers, with the course of the creep phenomenon in the control system of a unimorph actuator, in which a control voltage was applied to only one piezoelectric layer. The bim...

The article presents selected issues related to material quality manufactured by selective laser sintering of AlSi10Mg alloy powder after milling. The workpiece was prepared and machined by down-milling and up-milling with tools made of high-speed steel. Breaches, pores and failure-like cracks on the machined surface were found, which negatively in...

A cantilever beam, manufactured from a steel-carrying substrate and two patches of Macro Fiber Composite of P2 type, was a subject of laboratory research. MFC patches were glued on both sides of the carrying substrate and were parallelly connected. An experimental determination of an optimal resistance for both energy harvesting and vibration passi...

This article presents selected issues related to the workpiece surface quality after machining by the laser sintering of AlSi10MG alloy powder. The surfaces of the workpiece were prepared and machined by longitudinal turning with tools made of sintered carbides. The occurrence of breaches on the machined material surface was found, which negatively...

This paper presents a method of acquisition and analysis of three-dimensional images in the task of automatic location and evaluation of defects on the surface of ceramic tiles. It presents a brief description of selected defects appearing on the surface of tiles, along with the analysis of their formation. The paper includes the presentation of th...

Technological progress gives organizational and technical possibilities to increase the level of safety of mine shaft hoists. The authors present the directions of increasing this level while increasing the time available for transporting material and people. The chapter presents the possibility of using modern technologies to assess the technical...

Bark microrelief (BM), or the spatial patterning of bark texture, is an important bark characteristic shown to significantly affect the ecophysiological functioning of forest ecosystems. BM influences bark micrometeorological conditions and stemflow generation which, in turn, impacts epiphytic vegetation and microbial community patterns, as well as...

The objective of the study was the development of an automatic measurement method for tree ring increments using a vision system combined with an XYZ scanner. The elaborated method allows for the measurement of increments on cross-section a tree discs or on increment bores. The solution utilizes the XYZ scanner equipped with a vision system, enabli...

3D imaging systems in automation of manufacturing quality control processes Along with a technical progress in production plants, modern production stands, machines and production lines change as well. Increasing complexity of a structure, variety of executed process and control functions are among the characteristic features that describe modern...

This article presents the subject of analysis and the using of 3D images in a task of automatic detection and location of defects on wood surfaces. It discusses defects which occur on wood surfaces and presents examples of the most common defects recorded on production lines in the timber industry. The following section of this paper presents a met...

This paper discusses the subject of filtering range images constructed using vision systems. Construction of a range image using the laser triangulation method LTM is burdened by noise resulting from the specificity of the adopted method. This method uses structural illumination, usually in the form of a laser line from the object illumination. The...

We presented a novel approach to studies of the vascular grooves located on the inner surface of the cranial vault. A three-dimensional vision system that acquired the endocranial surface topography was used for this purpose. The acquired data were used to generate images showing the branching pattern of the middle meningeal artery. Fractal dimensi...

This article presents an analysis of forced vibrations of a homogeneous cantilever beam using a vision method. Based on measurements, displacements of defined beam points have been determined as a function of time in directions perpendicular to and along the beam axis together with the trajectory of these points in the plane of the beam transverse...

The aim of this paper is manufacturing of turbocharger engine jet blades made of nickel superalloys. Processes for producing molds and casting realized in a production line are special processes. It means that the results are known only after inspection of the finished product. There is lack of the methods and techniques of effective and efficient...

This article discusses a completely new concept for the diagnostics of sheaves in rope hoisting equipment used in deep mining, where excavated material, consumables, and people are transported via shafts. Rope sheaves involve shafting, guide sheaves, and support rollers on which ropes reel in special grooves. Those grooves may be made directly in t...

The study summarises the results of experimental testing of MR fluid behaviour in the squeeze mode under the action of magnetic field. Tests were done in the experimental setup using the vision system, specifically designed for the purpose of the research programme. Experimental data are compiled in the form of MR fluid free surface profiles.

Rozwiązania dla przemysłu marki Astraada i Wonderware, które dostarcza na polskim rynku firma ASTOR, wsparły wyposażenie Laboratorium Automatyzacji Procesów Produkcyjnych w Katedrze Automatyzacji Procesów na Wydziale Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Robotyki Akademii Górniczo-Hutniczej im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. W laboratorium powstało 8 stanowis...

Praca prezentuje metodę projektowania nowatorskiego typu napędu wodnego, któ-remu nadano nazwę pędnik wodno-odrzutowy. Celem projektu było opracowania napędu dla pojazdów wodnych alternatywnego do powszechnie stosowanych śrub napędowych. Najważniejsze pytanie, jakie postawiono sobie jeszcze przed rozpoczęciem projektu dotyczyło sposobu poruszania s...

This article demonstrates a technique of generating digital endocasts of the cranial interior using the three-dimensional (3D) vision system. Obtained digital endocasts reflected the shape and size of the brain, pattern of dural vascularization, position, and interlocking of the cranial sutures. Hence, some minor anatomical structures (granulations...

Każdy ze studentów studiujący na wydziale mechanicznym spotkał się z programami typu CAD, które pozwalają na komputerowe wspomaganie projektowania, wizualizację i symulację projektu oraz opracowywanie dokumentacji technicznej. Obserwowany w ostatnich latach dynamiczny rozwój nanotechnologi szczególnie w zakresie projektowania i budowy MEMS spowodow...

In the course of work on a linear actuator based on a magnetic shape memory alloy (MSMA), a research workstation was constructed enabling the examination of pneumatic valves featuring an electromechanical transducer created with MSMA technology. In this article, the general construction of the research workstation is presented, together with an ini...

Ropes, including steel wire ropes, are the essential component of the kinematic chains in many passenger and cargo transport systems. Their condition also determines the level of operational safety of those devices. The article is devoted to discussion of methods of assessing the condition of steel wire ropes. The paper discusses magnetic and visua...

This article discusses a vision method of measuring the geometric parameters of ropes and evaluating their wear based on measurements made in a three-dimensional projection of rope surface. The purposes of this method include assessment of the condition of all kinds of ropes working in the mining industry. The proposed method is novel, eliminates t...

This article demonstrates a technique of generating digital endocasts of the cranial interior using the three-dimensional (3D) vision system. Obtained digital endocasts reflected the shape and size of the brain, pattern of dural vascularization, position, and interlocking of the cranial sutures. Hence, some minor anatomical structures (granulations...

Most propulsion systems of vehicles travelling in the aquatic environment are equipped with propellers. Observations of nature, however, show that the absolute majority of organisms travel through water using wave motion, paddling or using water jet power. Inspired by these observations of nature, an innovative propulsion system working in aquatic...

The article is devoted to 3D vision system and the impact of certain configurations on the resolution of an image constructed with the use of active vision. It discusses the relationship between the resolution obtained in the vision system and the type and geometry of the observed object. An example is provided describe the method of building a hei...

Both steel wire and textile ropes are the fundamental element crucial to the safety of operation of all devices in which they are used. They include is a very broad range of machines: cable railways, mine shaft hoists, passenger and cargo lifts, cranes, gantry cranes, and winches. Steel wire ropes are popular because their wear characteristics and...

In the navigation systems of robots, it is necessary to determine the direction which the robot is facing or in which it travels. A question arises: what is the measurement of direction based on? The answer to many technical problems is provided by nature. The field that studies the structure and principles of functioning of living organisms and th...

This article is devoted to the methods of image analysis used in three-dimensional vision systems. Based on a sample set of 3D images, their defects resulting from the adopted three-dimensional image construction technique are discussed. Those defects are discussed in relation to the following parameters: speed of the vision system, power of the la...

Water and underwater vehicles are driven by propellers. Various models use propellers with 2 to 7 blades with either fixed or controllable pitch. Another known solution are water-jet propellers. Water is sucked from the front of the vehicle and ejected through a nozzle at the rear. A propeller is usually the water pumping component. This paper pres...

In this paper we present potential usage of the 3D vision system for registering features of the macerated cranial bones. Applied 3D vision system collects height profiles of the object surface and from that data builds a three-dimensional image of the surface. This method appeared to be accurate enough to capture anatomical details of the macerate...

The paper relates to methods for assessing the technical state of ropes working in cable systems especially in the mining industry. The first part reviews the used different methods. The focus is mainly on the issue of measuring the rope lay length and diameter. The advantages and limitations of visual methods and visual inspection apparatus are di...

This article is devoted to the methods of image analysis used in three-dimensional vision systems. Based on a sample set of 3D images, their defects resulting from the adopted three-dimensional image construction technique are discussed. Those defects are discussed in relation to the following parameters: speed of the vision system, power of the la...

Using measurements from inertial sensors such as gyroscopes and accelerometers and other, orientation of solids can be defined in space. To solve this task, one type of sensor is not enough, because there are certain dependencies between the individual measurements. Estimation of orientation must be used in navigation and autopilot systems in aircr...

The article discusses usage of an innovative three-dimensional vision system in a quality control process for surface defect detection. A method of 3D image building and selecting cross section profile on 3D images is presented. The article discusses problems connected with the resolution of the D vision system, resolution of the laser beam analysi...

In this study, the puppet master approach to solve the kinematics of complex multi-body systems is introduced. The puppet master approach is shown in comparison with traditional analytical one. The method is used to solve multi-body systems of bio-inspired concept prototypes. In these examples the strong and weak sides of this approach are shown. T...

The article is devoted to discussion of three-dimensional image construction methods and their use in environmental research. It concerns the operating structure of a 3D vision system and a configuration technique thereof depending on the tasks performed by it. It discusses the use of a vision system equipped with laser light in terms of the resolu...

The article discusses methods of data transmission via radio directly under overhead power lines. The transmission is being tested for the possibility of sending measurement data that describes the conditions of posts and allows observation of selected parameters for the purpose of predicting and diagnosing damage to both pylons and lines. At prese...

Aby zrozumieć zakres i możliwości wynikające z zastosowania systemu wizyjnego w zadaniach kontroli produktu i procesu realizowanej w przemyśle należy zastanowić się nad rolą zmysłu wzroku. Dominację wzroku nad pozostałymi zmysłami daje się zauważyć niemal w każdej sytuacji, a szczególnie na stanowisku pracy. Wzrokiem ocenia się i poznaje: stopień j...

Наявність забруднень на текстильних матеріалах та виробах з них є головною причиною втрати їх споживчих властивостей, погіршує їх гігієнічні властивості, надає неприємний запах, призводить до руйнування матеріалів. Забруднення змінюють колір матеріалу, є джерелом накопичення на одязі хвороботворних мікроорганізмів. Жирові речовини, що містяться в п...

The article discusses methods of assessment of the cleanliness of materials made of cotton and polyester soiled with oil and pigment. Cleanliness tests were carried out using the vision method as well as nanometre-scale examination of fibre surface, and their results presented. The article describes a method of image analysis and the adopted indice...

This article discusses a vision method of measuring the geometric parameters of ropes and evaluating their wear based on measurements made in a three-dimensional rope image. The article discusses the method of construction of a three-dimensional image based on mapping of the actual dimensions of the rope and on algorithms that allow determination o...

This article is devoted to the presentation and discussion of a method for the design and engineering of solutions modelled on those observed in nature. Nature has become a source of inspiration in many areas of life, and in the last century, it has been in fact the driving force behind solutions in construction, design, medicine, and engineering....

The paper discusses a vision method of assessment of laser cutting edges and surfaces of metals. It presents an analysis of the defects that occur at the edges and surfaces of components cut out in laser technology. It discusses in detail examples of defects, their causes, and methods of preventing their occurrence in the cutting process. The paper...

This paper discusses the possibility of using three-dimensional vision systems working in the technology of laser triangulation as equipment for mobile robots. Two concepts for the use of a vision system are presented. The first is construction of a terrain map and use of that map to determine the robot’s trajectory. The second discusses the possib...

This paper discusses a visual method of measuring the geometric parameters of ropes and evaluating their wear based on measurements of a three-dimensional rope model. The 3D model is created using the method of laser triangulation. Selection of appropriate geometry of camera and laser lighting arrangement allows collection of the height profile of...

This paper discusses a visual method of measuring the geometric parameters of elements produced by electrodynamic stamping. This paper presents also electrodynamic method which is an unconventional machining technology, which complements the capabilities of traditional technologies, in particular as regards the formation of metal elements with low-...

The article presents the characteristics of methods of measurement of cutting tools used in computer numerically controlled milling machines. An analysis of an active vision method for measuring tools, with reference to the case of a milling head, has been conducted. Sample measurement results and analysis of using a non-contact method for the meas...

W artykule przedstawiono ogólną charakterystykę metod pomiaru narzędzi skrawających stosowanych na frezarkach sterowanych numerycznie. Przeprowadzono analizę zastosowania metody wizji do pomiaru narzędzi na przykładzie głowicy frezowej. Przedstawiono przykładowe wyniki pomiaru i analizę zastosowania metody bezstykowej do pomiaru głowicy frezowej....