Andrzej Araźny

Nicolaus Copernicus University | umk · Department of Climatology

This study investigates the changes in precipitation and evaporation patterns and their impact on Climatic Water Balance and river discharges in central Poland from 1961 to 2020. The analysis focuses on two “normal” periods, 1961–1990 and 1991–2020 (according to the World Meteorological Organization). Bartlett’s test and the Kruskal–Wallis rank sum...

The thermal conditions of south-western Greenland in the second half of the 18th century were estimated using two unique series of meteorological observations. The first series (Neu-Herrnhut, 1 September 1767 to 22 July 1768, hereinafter 1767–1768) is the oldest long-term series of instrumental measurements of air temperature available for Greenlan...

The tourist attractiveness of an area results from a set of features and properties of the area's natural and non-natural environment that stimulate interest and tourist traffic. The main purpose of the article is to present the results of an assessment of the tourist attractiveness of Tuscany according to Italian residents and Polish tourists. The...

The thermal conditions of south-western Greenland in the second half of the 18th century were estimated using two unique series of meteorological observations. The first series (Neu-Herrnhut, 1st Sep 1767 to 22nd Jul 1768, hereinafter 1767–68) is the oldest long-term series of instrumental measurements of air temperature available for Greenland. Th...

Evapotranspiration is an important part of the water cycle and influences, for example, water management and agricultural production. The article presents temporal and spatial changes in reference evapotranspiration (ETo) in the growing season (April–September) against the background of climatic conditions in Poland in the years 1966–2020. ETo was...

The paper presents results describing the influence of Atmospheric Circulation (AC) on meteorological conditions on Kaffiøyra (NW Spitsbergen, Svalbard Archipelago) in 23 summer seasons (July 21–August 31) in the years 1975, 1977–80, 1982, 1985, 1989, 1997–2000, 2005–15. The analysis covered the diurnal sums or means of major meteorological paramet...

The paper characterises the annual pattern and the long-term variability of the Tourism Climate Index (TCI) in Toruń in the years 1966-2020. In the annual variation, conditions for tourism and recreation were best from May to August. For the summer period (from June to August), the climatic conditions according to TCI were excellent, while for May...

The paper discusses the impact of atmospheric circulation on the occurrence of droughts. The research includes mean monthly discharges for 7 rivers in 1954–2018. Dry periods were determined with Standardised Streamflow Indices (SSI-12). Additionally, the circulation type calendar for Central Poland was used to determine the atmospheric circulation...

A review of many studies published since the late 1920s reveals that the main driving mechanisms responsible for the Early Twentieth Century Arctic Warming (ETCAW) are not fully recognized. The main obstacle seems to be our limited knowledge about the climate of this period and some forcings. A deeper knowledge based on greater spatial and temporal...

Sprawozdanie z międzynarodowej konferencji naukowej POLAR CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE IN THE LAST MILLENNIUM z Torunia w dn. 30 VIII-1 IX 2021 r.

Obecnie obserwowane są znaczne zmiany klimatu w Arktyce i Antarktyce. Wzrost średniej temperatury powietrza w Arktyce w latach 1979-2019 był trzykrotnie wyższy niż średnia globalna. W Antarktyce największe ocieplenie występuje w rejonie Półwyspu Antarktycznego. Polska również uczestniczy w monitorowaniu warunków pogodowych w Arktyce na południowym...

This work presents the influence of atmospheric circulation on the occurrence of dry and wet periods in the central Polish region of Kujawy. The material on which the authors relied encompassed monthly totals of precipitation obtained from 10 weather stations in the period 1954–2018. Both dry and wet periods have been identified on the basis of mon...

On August 30 to September 1, 2021, the “3rd International Conference: Polar Climate and Environmental Change in the Last Millennium” was held in “hybrid mode” (both in person and on-line via the MS Teams platform). Forty-four scientists attended from Poland and around the world (incl. the USA, Russia, Peru, Iceland). On Day 1 (August 30), fourteen...

The article describes the occurrence of selected weather phenomena that are hazardous to aviation (thunderstorms, hail, fog and glaze) in Bydgoszcz. The work employs 1971–2010 data from the Bydgoszcz-Airport meteorological station. The hazardous atmospheric phenomena selected for analysis hinder or sometimes even prevent aviation. Of the analysed w...

The paper presents the variability of meteorological conditions: air temperature, wind speed and relative air humidity; and biometeorological indices: wind chill temperature, predicted clothing insulation and accepted level of physical activity on Franz Josef Land (in Teplitz Bay and Calm Bay) in the years 1899–1931. It employs meteorological measu...

W niniejszym artykule dokonano przeglądu i podsumowania dorobku polskich badań meteorologicznych i klimatologicznych w obszarach polarnych. Ponieważ ich historia liczy już sto dwadzieścia lat, nie jest to pierwsza próba takiej syntezy. Niemniej nigdy wcześniej, nie licząc opracowania Przybylaka (2000a) ograniczonego terytorialnie tylko do Spitsberg...

This article reviews and summarises the achievements of Polish meteorological and climatological research in polar regions. In summarising the many years of organisational and publishing achievements of Polish polar researchers in meteorology and climatology, it should be emphasised that: 1. There have been four distinct periods (waves) of high ac...

The article presents the biometeorological impact of thermal and humidity conditions on the human body in the Hornsund area in the southern Spitsbergen, Svalbard. This was determined based on diurnal air temperature range, the day-today variation in average diurnal air temperature and the average diurnal relative humidity. The temporal variability...

This article presents the variations in air temperature and humidity in the region of the Hornsund fjord for the period from 1 July 2014 to 30 June 2015. Based on measurements at 11 sites, it was established that significant topoclimatic differences were dependent on height above sea level, substrate type, distance from the sea, exposition, atmosph...

This article analyses the conditions affecting the incoming global solar radiation in Hornsund (Spitsbergen) in spring of 2015. Incoming solar radiation turned out to be average for the season under analysis, as compared with longer-term data. The clearness index (KT) was 0.46, and was mainly determined by the extent of cloudiness. As a result of d...

The relationship between atmospheric circulation and climate in Svalbard has been described in dozens of studies. However, the data used for that purpose usually came from permanent stations on the coast. The influence of atmospheric circulation on topoclimatic diversity has not been explored so often, and hardly at all for other periods than the A...

The full surface energy balance of the sea water of the Arctic fjord was analysed for the period from May to November 2014 in Hornsund (SW Spitsbergen). The sensible and latent turbulent fluxes were measured with the aid of the open-path eddy covariance method. The measurement site was located in the Wilczek Peninsula (Wilczekodden) on the rocks, r...

The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in physical activity, aerobic performance, and body composition in polar explorers during a 1-year stay at the polar station. The study group consisted of 10 people, including 8 men and 2 women. Aerobic performance (maximal oxygen uptake), physical activity, body mass, and composition were evaluated for...

This article presents the results of observations of selected fluxes of the radiation balance in north-western Spitsbergen in the years from 2010 to 2014. Measurements were taken in Ny-Ålesund and in the area of Kaffiøyra, on different surface types occurring in the Polar zone: moraine, tundra, snow and ice. Substantial differences in the radiation...

In this article, the results of an investigation into the air temperature pattern and development (including the urban heat island (UHI)) in Toruń (central Poland) are presented. For the analysis, daily mean temperature (Ti) as well as daily maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) temperatures for 2012 gathered for 20 sites, evenly distributed in the are...

In high latitude areas snow accumulation and duration of snow cover largely determine hydrological and periglacial processes, and influence the flora and fauna and their ecology. In Spring 2014 and 2015 as part of multidisciplinary and complex investigations within the framework of " AWAKE2-Arctic Climate System Study of Ocean, Sea Ice and Glaciers...

W artykule przedstawiono charakterystykę warunków meteorologicznych w północnej części Kaffiøyry (NW Spitsbergen, rys. 1) w sezonach letnich (21 VII – 31 VIII) w okresie 2012-2014 (tab. 1, rys. 2-9). Pomiary i obserwacje meteorologiczne prowadzono w ogródku meteorologicznym zlokalizowanym w pobliżu stacji polarnej UMK na morenie czołowo-bocznej Lod...

Temperature and precipitation conditions in the Kaffiøyra region in the summer season (21 July–31 August) for the period from 1975–2014 are described based on data collected during 22 expeditions, in which meteorological measurements were carried out, and complete data series combining both original and reconstructed data. The latter ones were obta...

The article presents the results of ground temperature measurements taken at 1 cm to 100 cm below ground level on the Kaffiøyra Plain (NW Spitsbergen) from 1 September 2012 to 31 August 2014. Observations of thermal conditions were carried out at three sites located in characteristic polar ecotopes: on a beach, in tundra and on a moraine. The resul...

W pracy dokonano oceny zróżnicowania przestrzennego warunków biometeorologicznych w Toruniu i w jego strefie podmiejskiej w 2012 r. Wykorzystano dane meteorologiczne z 10 stacji automatycznych zlokalizowanych w różnych typach pokrycia i użytkowania terenu. Do analizy użyto danych o rozdzielczości godzinnej następujących elementów meteorologicznych:...

This paper provides an overview of the results of research on changes in ground temperature down to 50 cm depth, on the Kaffiøyra Plain, Spitsbergen in the summer seasons. To achieve this, measurement data were analysed from three different ecotopes (CALM Site P2A, P2B and P2C) – a beach, a moraine and tundra – collected during 22 polar expeditions...

This paper provides an overview of the results of research on changes in ground temperature down to 50 cm depth, on the Kaffiøyra Plain, Spitsbergen in the summer seasons. To achieve this, measurement data were analysed from three different ecotopes (CALM Site P2A, P2B and P2C) – a beach, a moraine and tundra – collected during 22 polar expeditions...

This article provides the characteristics of meteorological conditions in the north of Kaffiøyra (NW Spitsbergen, Fig. 1) in the summer seasons (21 July - 31 August) of 2012-2014 (Table 1, Figs 2-9). The observations and measurements were carried out at a meteorological site located near the NCU Polar Station on the terminal-lateral moraine of the...

W artykule przedstawiono historię badań polarnych prowadzonych w latach 1968-2015 przez pracowników Katedry Meteorologii i Klimatologii Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu. Omówiono i scharakteryzowano problematykę badawczą dominującą w opublikowanych w Polsce i za granicą artykułach i monografiach. Wskazano na główne obszary badawcze położon...

This study investigated the mass balance, melting, near-surface ice thermal structure and meteorological conditions of the Ecology and Sphinx glacier system (ESGS), located on King George Island, Antarctic Peninsula. The study also analysed the role of climate change in glacial retreat of the ESGS in the long (1979–2012) and short term, with a part...

Comparison of the predicted insulation of clothing in Toruń and Koniczynka in the years 1998–2012. This paper compares the predicted insulation of clothing (Iclp) in Toruń and Koniczynka, presented using a scale of evaluation of thermal environment proposed by B. Krawczyk (2000). The annual mean value of predicted insulation of clothing in urban ar...

Zróżnicowanie kierunku i prędkości wiatru na obszarze Torunia (centralna Polska) w 2012 roku. Elementem meteorologicznym bardzo istotnym z punktu widzenia mieszkańców miast jest wiatr, wpływający m.in. na temperaturę odczuwalną, zasięg miejskiej wyspy ciepła czy stężenie zanieczyszczeń w atmosferze. Na podstawie badań przeprowadzonych w Toruniu w 2...

Comparison of the predicted insulation of clothing in Toruń and Koniczynka in the years 1998–2012. This paper compares the predicted insulation of clothing (Iclp) in Toruń and Koniczynka, presented using a scale of evaluation of thermal environment proposed by B. Krawczyk (2000). The annual mean value of predicted insulation of clothing in urban ar...

Wind is a particularly significant meteorological element from the point of view of the residents of cities, as it affects, for example, the subjective temperature, the extent of the Urban Heat Island or the concentration of atmospheric pollution. On the basis of observations carried out in Torun in 2012, great deformations of wind directions and r...

Diversity of air humidity in the area of Toruń in 2012. In this article the problem of spatial diversity of the air humidity field inToruń in 2012 is addressed. For this purpose, results of measurements taken at 5 sites located in different parts of the city were used. The air humidity is presented through its relative humidity (%) and the water va...

This article investigates the spatial distribution of global solar radiation (K↓) in Toruń and its suburbs, observed in 2012. Measurements were taken at 12 points (7 within the city and 5 in the suburban area) using CNR4 net radiometers and automatic weather stations (Vantage Pro+). At all locations, the diurnal and annual courses of K↓ were typica...

In this article, the results of an investigation into the air temperature conditions on Svalbard in the period 1 September 2010 to 31 August 2011 are presented. For this period, parallel temperature measurements have been made as many as in 30 sites. On the basis of this unique set of data it was possible to study, in detail, the spatial distributi...

Zarys treści. W artykule przedstawiono zróżnicowanie przestrzenne wilgotności względnej powietrza w północnej części rejonu Kaffiøyry i na Lodowcu Waldemara w okresie IX 2010 – VIII 2013. W okresie od września 2010 do sierpnia 2011, dla którego istnieją najpełniejsze dane dla wszystkich stanowisk pomiarowych, najwyższe wartości wilgotności względne...

Radiation balance in Koniczynka near Toruń in the years 2011-2012. This article describes changes in individual components of the solar radiation balance in an annual and diurnal course at Koniczynka near Toruń in the years 2011-2012. Observations were conducted on grass-covered surfaces, using a Kipp & Zonen CNR 4 net radiometer. At Koniczynka, th...

In this article the problem of spatial diversity of the air humidity fi eld in Toruñ in 2012 is addressed. For this purpose, results of measurements taken at 5 sites located in different parts of the city were used. The air humidity is presented through its relative humidity (%) and the water vapour pressure (hPa). The obtained results indicate a s...

The climatic change on King George Island (KGI) in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, in the years of 1948-2011 are presented. In the reference period, a statistically significant increase in the air temperature (0.19ºC/10 years, 1.2ºC in the analysed period) occurred along with a decrease in atmospheric pressure (−0.36 hPa/10 years, 2.3 hPa)....

The article presents the results of measurements of ground temperature in the context of general meteorological conditions at the Henryk Arctowski Station (King George Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctic) from the period of 20 January 2013 to 22 February 2013. The measurements were taken using a Vantage Pro+ automatic weather station and the...

The climatic change on King George Island (KGI) in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, in the years of 1948–2011 are presented. In the reference period, a statistically significant increase in the air temperature (0.19°C/10 years, 1.2°C in the analysed period) occurred along with a decrease in atmospheric pressure (−0.36 hPa/10 years, 2.3 hPa)....

Zarys treści. W artykule przedstawiono zróżnicowanie warunków meteorologicznych w rejonie Stacji H. Arctowskiego położonej na Wyspie Króla Jerzego (Szetlandy Południowe, Zachodnia Antarktyka) w okresie od 19 stycznia do 19 lutego 2012 r. Pomiary prowadzono na obszarze niezlodowaconym oraz na lodowcach Ekologii i Sphinx. Przeanalizowano różnice pomi...

This article describes the influence of cloudiness and synoptic situations on individual components of the radiation balance such as: global solar radiation; surface-reflected radiation; longwave terrestrial and atmospheric radiation, and the long-and shortwave balance of two types of ground cover typical to Spitsbergen (the Kaffiøyra region), i.e....

The article presents results of research on the development of air temperature and relative humidity at a height of 5 cm above the active surface of the terminal lateral moraine of the Aavatsmark Glacier, relative to its exposure in the summer season of 2010. Variations in the two conditions were analysed for five measurement sites situated on nort...

The purpose of this article is to compare the mean daily wind speed in the polar summer season, measured using various instruments and calculated using various methods. The sources of information were the results of wind speed measurements taken in the KaffiØyra region of Spitsbergen (Oscar II Land) in the summer period (21 July – 31 August) of 200...

The purpose of this article is to compare the mean daily wind speed in the polar summer season, measured using various instruments and calculated using various methods. The sources of information were the results of wind speed measurements taken in the Kaffi øyra region of Spitsbergen (Oscar II Land) in the summer period (21 July – 31 August) of 20...

Basic information about research purposes, research area and methods as well as primary climatic controls is presented.

W artykule przedstawiono warunki biometeorologiczne, na tle meteorologicznych, w rejonie Forlandsundet (NW Spitsbergen) w sezonie letnim 2010 r. Przeanalizowano zróżnicowanie tych warunków w 8 punktach badawczych przy różnych sytuacjach pogodowych, w zależności od: wysokości nad poziom morza, odległości od morza i charakteru podłoża. Warunki bioter...

The purpose of this article is to compare the mean daily wind speed in the polar summer season, measured using various instruments and calculated using various methods. The sources of information were the results of wind speed measurements taken in the Kaffioyra region of Spitsbergen (Oscar II Land) in the summer period (21 July - 31 August) of 200...

W artykule przedstawiono zróżnicowanie wilgotności względnej powietrza oraz opadów atmosferycznych w rejonie Forlandsundet (NW Spitsbergen) w sezonie letnim (21 VII – 31 VIII) 2010 roku. Do analizy wzięto cogodzinne dane wilgotności względnej (z 18 stanowisk) oraz sumy opadów atmosferycznych z okresów 1-3 dniowych (z 11 stanowisk). Dla obydwu badan...

Air Temperature and Precipitation Changes in the Kaffiøyra Region (NW Spitsbergen) from 1975 to 2010 Air temperature and precipitation conditions in the Kaffiøyra region in the summer season (21 st July-31 st August) for the period of 1975-2010 are described: 1) on the basis of data gathered in 18 expeditions during which meteorological measurement...

In this study an evaluation is made of the stimulating influence of thermal and humidity conditions at the following four stations: Hel, Toruń-Wrzosy, Łódź-Lublinek, and Katowice. The diversity of thermal conditions and humidity was analyzed with relation to the mean daily temperature of air and its humidity, day-to-day variability of temperature,...