About
47
Publications
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909
Citations
Citations since 2017
Introduction
Additional affiliations
February 2018 - present
January 2017 - February 2018
INRA University of Bordeaux
Position
- PostDoc Position
Description
- The current postdoc position aims to apply state-of-the-art techniques to disentangle the invasion history and adaptation process of the exotic oak powdery mildew species complex in Europe.
August 2016 - December 2016
Position
- Responsible for the national data center “swissfungi”
Description
- The national data center “swissfungi” aims to provide distribution maps and ecological characteristics for all fungal species in Switzerland.
Publications
Publications (47)
Pseudodidymella fagi is a leaf blotch pathogen of Fagus crenata in Japan. This pathogen is now reported for the first time on F. sylvatica in Switzerland and Germany. Species identity was verified by morphological assessment of the asexual and sexual morphs and by comparing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence of the type material from Ja...
The future existence of common ash (Fraxinus excelsior), an important tree species throughout temperate Europe, is threatened. An invasive fungal disease (ash dieback) has spread through much of the distribution area of common ash. The causal agent of the disease is Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, a necrotrophic ascomycete, most probably introduced from A...
Understanding the genetic diversity and structure of invasive pathogens in source and in introduced areas is crucial to the revelation of hidden biological features of an organism, to the reconstruction of the course of invasions and the establishment of effective control measures. Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus (anamorph: Chalara fraxinea) is an inva...
Ash dieback caused by the fungal pathogen Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus is currently ravaging in Europe, killing Fraxinus excelsior and Fraxinus angustifolia trees of all age classes. The aim of this work was to elucidate aspects of the reproduction biology of this fungal pathogen and its cryptic, non-pathogenic sister species Hymenoscyphus albidus....
The ascomycete Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus (anamorph Chalara fraxinea) causes a lethal disease known as ash dieback on Fraxinus excelsior and Fraxinus angustifolia in Europe. The pathogen was probably introduced from East Asia and the disease emerged in Poland in the early 1990s; the subsequent epidemic is spreading to the entire native distributio...
The fungal pathogens of spruce are well known in Europe and elsewhere. Therefore, it was surprising to discover a new fungal species and genus in Central Europe that attacks the pollen cones of three spruce species. The new ascomycete forms apothecia on stromatized pollen cones of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Serbian spruce (Picea omorika) in mo...
The fungal pathogens of spruce are well known not only in Europe but worldwide. Therefore, it was all the more surprising to discover a new fungal species and genus in Central Europe that attacks the pollen cones of three spruce species. The new ascomycete forms apothecia on stromatized pollen cones of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Serbian spruce...
Cryptogams are important components of global biodiversity , underpin key ecosystem functions and are vulnerable to global change. However, they are still often neglected in conservation research and management, and Red List Assessment remain challenging. This satellite event aimed at discussing progress, challenges and synergies in the conservatio...
The ascomycete Belonium coroniforme Rehm (Helotiales) forms both orange apothecia and apothecia-like conidiomata (sporodochia) on corticolous moss species of the genera Lewinskya, Orthotrichum and Ulota (Orthotrichales), as well as Leucodon (Hypnales). Both the apothecia and the sporodochia are restricted to the female shoot apices (perichaetia), p...
In den USA grassiert seit 1995 eine Krankheit, die besonders Eichen oftmals innert kurzer Zeit absterben lässt und daher den Namen «Plötzlicher Eichentod» (engl. «Sudden Oak Death», SOD) bekam. Ausgelöst wird sie durch den pilzähnlichen Mikroorganismus Phytophthora ramorum. In der Schweiz wurde dieser Erreger bislang vor allem in Baumschulen nachge...
Die vorliegende Publikation dokumentiert mit Fotos, Zeichnungen und detaillierten Beschreibungen Einzelkollektionen von 200 nichtlichenisierten Ascomyceten aus acht Klassen (Pezizomycetes, Leotiomycetes, Lecanoromycetes, Eurotiomycetes, Geoglossomycetes, Sordariomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Laboulbeniomycetes), basierend auf Funden aus der Schweiz der...
Mit der Zunahme des weltweiten Handels steigt auch die Anzahl der mitverschleppten Pilzarten (Neomyceten) stark an. Mittlerweile sind etwa 300 Neomyceten allein in der Schweiz bekannt, von denen bislang aber nur wenige als invasiv gelten. Diese invasiven Pilze, meist handelt es sich um Baumschädlinge, können aber für den Fortbestand gewisser Baumar...
Der aus Nordamerika stammende Pilz Cryptostroma corticale befällt hauptsächlich Ahornbäume und verursacht bei grosser Hitze und Trockenheit die sogenannte Russrindenkrankheit, welche nicht nur zum Absterben von Bäumen führt, sondern durch die massenhafte Verbreitung von Sporen auch eine Gefahr für die Gesundheit des Menschen darstellen kann. Deren...
On the basis of eight hypotheses, it is shown how the large number of new finds in the SwissFungi database can be explained. Recent, detailed identification and illustration works play an important role. Little-noticed substrates also offer the opportunity to detect new species for Switzerland. Increasingly important are the results of molecular ge...
Die Wurzelhalsfäule der Erle wurde erstmals in den 90er-Jahren in Grossbritannien beschrieben. In der Folge wurde in mehreren europäischen Ländern ein massenhaftes Absterben bei verschie-denen Erlenarten beobachtet, meistens entlang von Fliessgewässern. Das Erlensterben hat sich inzwischen in West- und Mitteleuropa ausgebreitet. Darunter leidet die...
Der Parfümierte Trichterling wird nicht ohne Grund auch Giftiger Dufttrichterling genannt. Er hat grosse Ähnlichkeit mit gewissen Speisepilzen, ist aber hochgiftig und verursacht das sogenann-te Akromelalga-Syndrom. Es ist gerade sein namensgebender und oft angenehmer Duft, der es möglich macht, diesen giftigen Pilz zuverlässig von den essbaren zu...
Deciphering the dynamics involved in past microbial invasions has proven difficult due to the inconspicuous nature of microbes and their still poorly known diversity and biogeography. Here we focus on powdery mildew, a common disease of oaks which emerged in Europe at the beginning of the twentieth century and for which three closely related Erysip...
Protected areas with restricted management can provide refugia for fungi, but are usually selected based on conservation strategies for flora and fauna. Despite the important role of fungi in floodplains, they are rarely considered in conservation projects. The SwissFungi database covering all biogeographic regions in Switzerland, and consisting of...
Isolating genetic markers is often costly and time-consuming for non-model fungal species. However, these markers are of primary importance to identify the origin of invasive species and to infer their reproductive mode and dispersal ability. We slightly modified a recent molecular method to quickly isolate and validate single-nucleotide polymorphi...
The phylogenetic revision of the genera Petrakia and Seifertia using LSU, ITS, RPB2 and TEF1 sequences and the re-evaluation of their morphological characteristics lead to several reclassifications: The genus Pseudodidymella as well as the genera Mycodidymella and Xenostigmina are synonymized with the genus Petrakia. Based on ITS sequence compariso...
Eichenmehltau zählt zu den häufigsten Eichenkrankheiten Europas. Tatsächlich handelt es sich um drei verschiedene, sehr ähnliche Pilzarten, die unabhängig voneinander aus Asien nach Europa eingeschleppt wurden. Auch wenn die durch Eichenmehltau ausgelösten Blattsymptome oftmals gravierend aussehen, stellt die Erkrankung meist nur in Kombination mit...
Tintenfischpilz und Roter Gitterling sind zwei eingeschleppte Kuriositäten unserer Pilzflora. Der Tintenfischpilz gelangte vermutlich mit Wolltransporten aus Australien nach Europa, während der Rote Gitterling wohl mit Gartenmaterial aus dem Mittelmeergebiet eingeschleppt wurde. Von beiden Arten sind keine invasiven Eigenschaften bekannt. Leider gi...
Der hochansteckende Hautpilz Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) stellt eine potentielle Gefahr für Salamander und Molche dar und führt beim Feuersalamander (Salamandra salamandra) zu Massensterben. Er ist mit grosser Wahrscheinlichkeit durch den Amphibienhandel für die Terrarienhaltung aus Asien nach Europa gelangt. Inzwischen wurde er in meh...
Isolating genetic markers is often costly and time-consuming for non model fungal species. However, these markers are of a primary importance to identify the origin of invasive species and to infer their reproductive mode and dispersal ability. We slightly modified a recent molecular method to quickly isolate and validate single nucleotide polymorp...
European ash (Fraxinus excelsior) trees currently face the major threat of ash dieback caused by an invasive fungus, Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. Collar rots in F. excelsior have been increasingly associated with infections by this pathogen. However, the aetiology of the collar rots is still unclear and remains heavily debated. In contrast to most stud...
Hymenoscyphus albidus is a native fungus in Europe where it behaves as a harmless decomposer of leaves of common ash. Its close relative Hymenoscyphus fraxineus was introduced into Europe from Asia and currently threatens ash (Fraxinus sp.) stands all across the continent causing ash dieback. H. fraxineus isolates from Europe were previously shown...
The spatial distribution and niche differentiation of three closely related species (Erysiphe alphitoides, Erysiphe quercicola and Erysiphe hypophylla) causing oak powdery mildew was studied at scales ranging from the European continent, where they are invasive, to a single leaf. While E. alphitoides was dominant at all scales, E. quercicola and E....
Monitorings at different spatial scales were done in Switzerland to assess the spread of ash dieback throughout the country. The disease was first observed in 2008 and completely invaded Switzerland seven years later. Most ash trees nowadays suffer to a certain degree from ash dieback. However, the decline process is slow and some trees show tolera...
Recently, different reproductive modes were proposed between the emerging forest pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus and its closely related avirulent sister species, Hymenoscyphus albidus. In the present study, inter- and intraspecific crosses were performed to experimentally assess the reproduction barriers between the two species and to verify H. a...
Ash dieback is caused by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, a cryptic species of the putatively harmless Hymenoscyphus albidus. Recently, H. fraxineus was found to be native to East Asia. However, the virulence of Asian H. fraxineus strains on Fraxinus excelsior and the virulence of European Hymenoscyphus albidus on hosts other than F. excelsior and F. mands...
Hymenoscyphus is a large fungal genus containing a single known severe pathogen (H. fraxineus) causing ash dieback in Europe. Here, the closely related species Hymenoscyphus linears sp. nov. is described from Japan. Apothecia of this fungus emerge from linear, black pseudosclerotia on rachises and petioles of Fraxinus platypoda. In culture, the spe...
Hymenoscyphus fraxineus is an invasive fungal
pathogen that causes ash dieback in Europe. Recent investigations
have identified H. fraxineus on herbarium specimens
in Korea. In this paper, these specimens, plus five additional
collections, were studied by internal transcribed spacer (ITS)
screening and subsequent phylogenetic analysis using three
a...
The ash dieback pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus proved to be pathogenic in a stem wound inoculation experiment on Fraxinus mandshurica var. japonica. In contrast, Hymenoscyphus albidus was proven non-pathogenic for this host species.
The population structure of Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, the causal agent of ash dieback, was assessed at four closely located sites in the Czech Republic. To analyse the genetic variation, one Swiss and one Norwegian population with known population structures were selected as reference points. The analysis was performed using 16 previously published...
Air-dried pseudosclerotia produced by the ash dieback pathogen Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus (anamorph: Chalara fraxinea) can survive up to 3 months. Under field conditions, they are capable of postponing fructification for 1 year. The implications of this observation for epidemiology and control of ash dieback are discussed.
##Assembly-Data-START## Assembly Method :: Sequencher v. 5.0 Sequencing Technology :: Sanger dideoxy sequencing ##Assembly-Data-END##
##Assembly-Data-START## Assembly Method :: sequencher v. 5.0 Sequencing Technology :: Sanger dideoxy sequencing ##Assembly-Data-END##
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The recently described ascomycete fungus Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus (anamorph: Chalara fraxinea) causes the current dieback of ash (Fraxinus excelsior) in large parts of Europe. The origin of this species and its relation to the native cryptic species Hymenoscyphus albidus are still enigmatic. The spatiotemporal pattern of the epidemic is typical...
Questions
Question (1)
I’d like to use spore traps to monitor specific fungi over several months. And I’d like to perform genetic analyses on the collected spores.
Projects
Projects (3)
The aim of SwissFungi is to gather as many fungal records as possible from scientific projects as well as from citizens in order to improve our knowledge of fungal ecology, phenology, distribution and conservation needs. SwissFungi consults Swiss national and cantonal authorities about fungal conservation and compiles information about conservation relevant species as well as neomycetes. Furthermore, we run different monitoring projects and other scientific projects with a focus on fungal conservation biology.
The project aims to apply state-of-the-art techniques to disentangle the invasion history and adaptation process of an exotic powdery mildew species complex in Europe.
