Andrew Richardson

Teesside University · Department of Criminology and Sociology

Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are the drug of choice in many cultures of the UK. Whilst there is an abundance of evidence relating to the physiological and psychological effects of steroid abuse on the individual, surprisingly there is a paucity of information relating to the perspectives of steroid users regarding the social impact of steroid...

Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are image and performance enhancing drugs (IPEDs) that can improve endurance and athletic performance, reduce body fat and stimulate muscle growth. The use of steroids has been studied in the medical and psychological literature, in the sociology of sport, health and masculinity, and relatively recently in crimino...

We read with significant interest the work produced by Jones et al. [1] regarding transgender athletes’ experiences.1 However, there are two contentious issues that need further discussion. First, the contention that transgender females have no athletic advantage at any stage of transitioning when competing against cisgendered females is highly que...

This article aims to shed some light on the motivations for and methods of female steroid consumption apropos broader changes in female body image ideals. Moreover, the study attempts to explore the connections between the competitive logic of liberal-postmodern consumer capitalism, 'competitive femininity' and steroid use. There is a growing conse...

Zwift is a popular interactive cycling tool (known as e-cycling) for recreational and competitive cyclists which saw a marked uptake during the COVID-19 pandemic as many cyclists were confined to indoor training due to local restrictions. In March 2020, Zwift published their anti-doping policy for cycling, and more recently an update of their rules...

Abstract Purpose: There is growing evidence to suggest that competitive female athletes in certain sports that over scrutinize their body image may experience undesirable mental health outcomes. However, limited research addresses this issue in strength sports with weight class requirements. One such sport is powerlifting, which comprises the squat...

Spending a considerable amount of time being inactive or not moving is engaging in sedentary behaviour (SB) (Pate, O’Neill & Lobelo, 2008: 174, Matthews, et al, 2008; Tremblay, et al, 2010 and Owen, et al, 2011) and has a negative impact on your health. Physical inactivity has been identified as the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality (...