Andrew J Marshall

University of Michigan | U-M · Department of Anthropology

Indonesia is embarking on an ambitious relocation of its capital city to Kalimantan, Borneo, bringing with it major urban and road infrastructure. Yet, despite being one of the world's most biologically diverse regions, the potential implications of this development for wildlife have yet to be fully assessed. We explored the potential impacts of th...

Bellucia pentamera Naudin (Famili: Melastomataceae), atau dikenal dengan nama lokal jambu perancis, kardia, dan harendong gede merupakan jenis tumbuhan invasif yang ditemukan di Taman Nasional Gunung Palung (TNGP). Jenis ini banyak dijumpai di TNGP selama dua dekade terakhir dan telah meningkatkan kekhawatiran tentang potensi dampak negatif pada ke...

Various global-scale proposals exist to reduce the loss of biological diversity. These include the Half-Earth and Whole-Earth visions that respectively seek to set aside half the planet for wildlife conservation or to diversify conservation practices fundamentally and change the economic systems that determine environmental harm. Here we assess the...

Haemadipsid leeches are ubiquitous inhabitants of tropical and sub‐tropical forests in the Indo‐Pacific region. They are increasingly used as indicator taxa for biomonitoring, yet very little is known about their basic ecology. For example, to date no study has assessed the occurrence and distribution of haemadipsid leeches across naturally occurri...

Non-invasive health monitoring is advantageous for wild and captive primate populations because it reduces the need for traditional invasive techniques (i.e., anesthetization) that can be stressful and potentially harmful for individuals. The biomarker neopterin is an emerging tool in primatology to measure immune activation and immunosenescence, h...

Conservation strategies are rarely systematically evaluated, which reduces transparency, hinders the cost-effective deployment of resources, and hides what works best in different contexts. Using data on the iconic and critically endangered orangutan (Pongo spp.), we developed a novel spatiotemporal framework for evaluating conservation investments...

The arboreal ecosystem is vitally important to global and local biogeochemical processes, the maintenance of biodiversity in natural systems, and human health in urban environments. The ability to collect samples, observations, and data to conduct meaningful scientific research is similarly vital. The primary methods and modes of access remain limi...

The arboreal ecosystem is vitally important to global and local biogeochemical processes, the maintenance of biodiversity in natural systems, and human health in urban environments. The ability to collect samples, observations, and data to conduct meaningful scientific research is similarly vital. The primary methods and modes of access remain limi...

Understanding of animal responses to dynamic resource landscapes is based largely on research on temperate species with small body sizes and fast life histories. We studied a large, tropical mammal with an extremely slow life history, the Western Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii), across a heterogeneous natural landscape encompassing seven...

The Gunung Palung Orangutan Project has conducted research on critically endangered wild Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) since 1994 in Gunung Palung National Park, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. A major goal of our broad-ranging research on orangutan behavior and ecology is to understand how the unique rainforest environment of Southeast A...

Using data on the iconic orangutan (Pongo spp.), we developed a novel spatiotemporal framework for evaluating conservation investments. We show that around USD 1 billion was invested between 1999 and 2019 into orangutan conservation by governments, non-governmental organizations, companies and communities. Broken down by allocation to different con...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biaa082.].

In recent years, interest in understanding the effects of climate change on species and ecological systems has sharply increased. We quantify and contextualize the current state of knowledge about the effects of contemporary climate change on non‐human primates, a taxon of great ecological and anthropological significance. Specifically, we report f...

Threats to biodiversity are well documented. However, to effectively conserve species and their habitats, we need to know which conservation interventions do (or do not) work. Evidence-based conservation evaluates interventions within a scientific framework. The Conservation Evidence project has summarized thousands of studies testing conservation...

The endemic Bornean tufted ground squirrel, Rheithrosciurus macrotis , has attracted great interest among biologists and the public recently. Nevertheless, we lack information on the most basic aspects of its biology. Here we present the first empirical data on the feeding ecology of tufted ground squirrels, and use data from 81 sympatric mammalian...

Folivorous primates have long been assumed to experience food competition less acutely than frugivores due to their ability to eat leaves, an abundant resource in most forest systems. Consequently, the behavioural responses of leaf-eating primates to variation in food availability are less well characterised than those of frugivores. Recent empiric...

This is the openly published DATASET relating to the Nature Communications article: Runting, Rebecca, Ruslandi, Ruslandi, Griscom, Bronson, Struebig, Matthew J., Satar, Musnanda, Meijaard, Erik, Burivalova, Zuzuna, Cheyne, Susan M., Deere, Nicolas, Game, Edward, and others. (2019) Larger gains from improved management over sparing–sharing for trop...

Understanding why ecological communities contain the species they do is a long-standing question in ecology. Two common mechanisms that affect the species found within communities are dispersal limitation and environmental filtering. Correctly identifying the relative influences of these mechanisms has important consequences for our understanding o...

Tropical forests are globally significant for both biodiversity conservation and the production of economically valuable wood products. To deliver both simultaneously, two contrasting approaches have been suggested; one partitions forests (sparing), the other integrates both objectives in the same location (sharing). To date, the ‘sparing or sharin...

•We conducted the first systematic investigation of the scent marking behaviours of Sunda clouded leopards in the wild in Indonesian Borneo, and are contrary to previous descriptions of their behaviour. •Clouded leopards displayed 10 distinct communication behaviours, with olfaction, scraping, and cheek rubbing the most frequently recorded. These b...

Acoustic signals serve important functions in mate choice, resource defense, and species recognition. Quantifying patterns and sources of variation in acoustic signals can advance understanding of the evolutionary processes that shape behavioral diversity more broadly. Animal vocalization datasets are inherently multivariate and hierarchical, where...

Most pair-living primate species engage in duets, wherein males and females produce coordinated vocalizations. Previous analyses of male gibbon contributions to the duet have shown that calls are individually distinct. Here we investigate variation in the temporal and spectral parameters in the male contribution to the duet, also known as the coda,...

Conservation primatology in an era of rapid ecological change: perspectives from Borneo The mismatch between academic conservation science and real-world conservation is well known. Few of us, however, would advocate conservation done in the absence of sound ecological science. I explore this paradox in the context of primate conservation, drawing...

Trilled vocalizations, wherein notes are repeated in rapid succession, are found in a variety of taxa including oscine birds, singing mice and nonhuman primates. Previous work on birds and singing mice has provided evidence of vocal performance constraints in trills, where there is a trade-off between the rate of the note repetition and the bandwid...

Conservation benefits from understanding how adaptability and threat interact to determine a taxon’s vulnerability. Recognizing how interactions with humans have shaped taxa such as the critically endangered orangutan (Pongo spp.) offers insights into this relationship. Orangutans are viewed as icons of wild nature, and most efforts to prevent thei...

Selective logging in tropical rain forests may promote population growth of invasive plants. The ability of invaders to respond, specifically in reproductive traits, to increase in resource abundance may allow them to increase their presence in the seed rain of recipient communities. The invasive pioneer tree Bellucia pentamera (Melastomataceae) is...

Unsustainable exploitation of natural resources is increasingly affecting the highly biodiverse tropics [1, 2]. Although rapid developments in remote sensing technology have permitted more precise estimates of land-cover change over large spatial scales [3, 4, 5], our knowledge about the effects of these changes on wildlife is much more sparse [6,...

Vocal individuality has been documented in a variety of mammalian species and it has been proposed that this individuality can be used as a vocal fingerprint to monitor individuals. Here we provide and test a classification method using Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) to extract features from Bornean gibbon female calls. Our method is s...

Quantifying patterns of variation in primate vocalizations has important implications for understanding the evolutionary processes that lead to variation in phenotypic traits more broadly. Here, we investigated individuality and patterns of geographic variation across a small geographic scale (ca. 10 km) in female Bornean gibbon (Hylobates muelleri...

For many threatened species the rate and drivers of population decline are difficult to assess accurately: species' surveys are typically restricted to small geographic areas, are conducted over short time periods, and employ a wide range of survey protocols. We addressed methodological challenges for assessing change in the abundance of an endange...

Multiple ecological factors have been hypothesized to influence primate sleeping site selection. Testing multiple hypotheses about sleeping site selection permits examination of the relative strength of distinct ecological factors and expands our ability to understand how selection pressures influence primate sleeping behavior. Here we examine how...

The age and sex differences in the plumages of Bornean Lophura pheasants are poorly known and limit accurate documentation of the ecology, distribution, phenology and conservation status of these elusive and threatened forest taxa. Remotely triggered camera-traps, however, offer a potentially untapped resource. We studied camera-trap footage (825 s...

In tropical rainforests, gaps created by fallen canopy trees are the primary colonization sites for pioneer species. Selective logging mimics these natural disturbances in that only a single tree is felled, creating a gap of comparable size. Rates of tree felling greatly exceed natural mortality rates, however, changing disturbance regime by increa...

The niche is an abstract concept that describes the ecological space that a species occupies. A species' niche is determined by the environmental conditions it inhabits, the resources it uses, and its interactions with other species. Classical ecological theory postulates that no two species can occupy precisely the same niche, an idea known as the...

Effectively characterizing primate diets is fundamental to understanding primate behavior, ecology and morphology. Examining temporal variation in a species’ diet, as well as comparing the responses of different species to variation in resource availability, can enhance understanding of the evolution of morphology and socioecology. In this study, w...

List of leaf monkey feeding observations by genus and plant part consumed. (CSV)

Summary of fruit availability, temperature and rainfall during three month blocks for gibbons and leaf monkeys over the course of the study period. Raw counts of stems are based on reproductive status using the following definitions: B: containing flower buds (i.e., developing flowers visible, but no flowers at anthesis); F: mature flowers (i.e., a...

Selectivity table for gibbons and leaf monkeys. Larger selectivity values indicate preferred genera, whereas values closer to zero indicate less preferred genera. Use values are the total number of feeding observations on genus i. Availability values were calculated as the total number of stems of genus i that were observed to fruit during the stud...

List of gibbon feeding observations by genus and plant part consumed. (CSV)

Complete list of models used in AICc model comparison. Each model represents a specific prediction (e.g. model 1: gibbons will feed more on figs when there is low fruit availability). (DOCX)

We use data from motion-activated remote cameras to document a commensal, and possibly mutualistic, relationship between Bornean Ground Cuckoos and Bearded Pigs in the rainforests of Kalimantan, Indonesia. We hypothesise that birds benefiting from symbiotic relationships may suffer indirect detrimental effects from hunting that targets large mammal...

Intraspecific communication is integral to the behavioural ecology of solitary carnivores, but observing and quantifying their communication behaviours in natural environments is difficult. Our systematic literature review found that basic information on scent marking is completely lacking for 23% of all felid species, and information on 21% of oth...

Video 4. Tail wrapping behaviour

Video 3. Cheek rubbing behaviour

Video 5. Olfaction and flehmen response behaviours

Video 6. Vocalizations

We make several recommendations for how future research activity could make meaningful contributions to primate conservation. We discuss how additional field studies are needed to fill gaps in our taxonomic and geographic knowledge, encourage behavioral research with conservation applications, and advocate additional investigation of primates inhab...

Primate conservation’s goal is to ensure the long-term preservation of non-human primates. After we provide a rational for this book, we use this introductory chapter to provide a succinct overview of the diversity and biology of the primate order, which forms the foundation of the conservation efforts. Subsequently we discuss the various main thre...

The number of primates on the brink of extinction continues to grow, and the need to respond with effective conservation measures has never been greater. This book provides a comprehensive and state-of-the-art synthesis of research principles and applied management practices for primate conservation. It begins with a consideration of the biological...

We discuss eight types of justifications for conserving primates. We begin by considering relatively anthropocentric reasons to conserve them, including their role in biomedical research, the benefits they can provide to local communities, their provision of crucial ecosystem services, the insights they provide into human evolution, and their role...

The number of primates on the brink of extinction continues to grow due to threats such as habitat loss, hunting, and disease. The need to respond with effective conservation measures has therefore never been greater. This edited book brings together an international team of contributing authors with wide-ranging expertise to provide a comprehensiv...

The flat-headed cat Prionailurus planiceps is classified as one of the most threatened cat species in the world. Its range is restricted to southern Thailand, peninsular Malaysia and the two largest Sunda Islands, Borneo and Sumatra. Its association with wetlands and lowland areas puts great pressure on this species, because these habitats are most...

Banded linsang Prionodon linsang is restricted to Sundaic South-east Asia and inhabits a wide altitudinal range. It occurs widely in Borneo, including all political units except perhaps South Kalimantan, with many recent records. It has never been studied in the field. Usually, it is recorded only once or a few times on any given cameratrap or spot...

Small-toothed palm civet Arctogalidia trivirgata occurs widely across Borneo. Eighty-two spatially precise records were used to model its distribution on the island. While the model predicts some regions of low suitability, the scatter of records (mostly insufficiently spatially precise for use in the model) within them and the generally low releva...

The banded civet Hemigalus derbyanus is a small, little-known civet with a geographical range comprising Indonesia (Kalimantan, Sumatra and some associated islands), Malaysia, Brunei, peninsular Myanmar and peninsular Thailand. Habitat loss and degradation are the main threats to the species leading to its classification as globally Vulnerable by T...

The Malay civet Viverra tangalunga is a small carnivore occurring on several Indonesian islands, Malaysia, the Philippines and Singapore. The Malay civet occurs in diverse habitats, including primary and logged forest, and disturbed habitats near villages. It is listed by The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as globally Least Concern; however, t...

The common palm civet Paradoxurus hermaphroditus is a small carnivore occurring in a broad array of habitats on Borneo, including logged and unlogged forest, cultivated land, and the outskirts of villages and towns. It is assigned incomplete legal protection in Indonesia and Brunei Darussalam. In addition, the recent, rapidly expanding increase in...

The leopard cat Prionailurus bengalensis is one of the smallest cat species found on Borneo and is the most widely distributed wild cat species in Asia. It is listed on The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as Least Concern. The leopard cat is known to tolerate habitat disturbance and to occur in a range of vegetation types including primary and...

Collared mongoose Herpestes semitorquatus is known to inhabit Borneo, Sumatra and possibly the Philippines. It occurs widely in Borneo, possibly with the exception of South Kalimantan. It is very likely to occur in Brunei, although no explicit records have been traced. The pelage is typically brown or reddish-brown, with a few strongly reddish-oran...

The binturong Arctictis binturong is a medium-sized carnivore in the civet family Viverridae with a wide geographic distribution in South-east Asia and adjacent parts of South Asia and China. Habitat loss and hunting have led to its classi cation as Vulnerable by The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. The binturong is thought to be forest depende...

Little is known about the ecology of the rare marbled cat Pardofelis marmorata on Borneo. In addition, the little information that is available on the species often comes from incidental sightings. Here we use the MaxEnt algorithm to produce a habitat suitability map for this species based on a compilation of existing data. We collected 105 marbled...

The Sunda clouded leopard Neofelis diardi is a medium sized (15–25 kg) cat, found only on the Sundaic islands of Borneo and Sumatra. In recent years intensive camera-trapping surveys in Borneo have begun to shed light on the habitat associations and basic ecology of this elusive wild cat, but its distribution on an island-wide scale remains very po...

The masked palm civet Paguma larvata is a small carnivore within the civet family Viverridae, currently listed as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Across its global range the masked palm civet uses a range of habitats in tropical and subtropical regions, from lowlands to highlands, but its exact ecological requirements and...