Andrew Luttrell

Andrew Luttrell
Ball State University · Psychological Sciences

Ph.D.

About

23
Publications
8,352
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712
Citations

Publications

Publications (23)
Chapter
The book begins by overviewing the timeline of the pandemic and how it affected life, followed by a discussion of the ethics and legal aspects of the pandemic. It then discusses behaviors during the pandemic (e.g., social distancing, protesting) before discussing experiences during the pandemic (e.g., prejudice, well-being, stress, joblessness, fam...
Article
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the United States public polarized along political lines in their willingness to adopt various health-protective measures. To bridge these political divides, we tested moral reframing as a tool for advocating for wearing face masks when audiences vary in their moral priorities. We additionally address a gap in prior mo...
Article
The Moral Primacy Model proposes that throughout the multiple stages of developing impressions of others, information about the target's morality is more influential than information about their competence or socia-bility. Would morality continue to exert outsized influence on impressions in the context of a decision for which people view competenc...
Article
Within the emotions and beliefs upon which attitudes are based, people can hold simultaneously positive and negative reactions. In addition, independent from the emotions and beliefs in their attitude structure, people hold subjective perceptions about their affective and cognitive attitudinal bases (i.e., meta-bases), which reflect interest in pro...
Article
Although attitudes are often considered positive or negative evaluations, people often have both positive and negative associations with a target object or issue, and when people are ambivalent, they are typically presumed to find the experience aversive because they are motivated to hold clear, univalent attitudes. Cross‐cultural research, however...
Article
Full-text available
COVID-19 mitigation strategies have largely relied on persuading populations to adopt behavioural changes, so it is critical to understand how such persuasive efforts can be made more effective. The Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) of persuasion allows for the integration of a variety of seemingly disparate effects into one overarching framework....
Article
To better understand the seemingly inconsistent influence of consumers' morality on their marketplace behaviors, we apply insights from research on attitude moralization to the consumer domain. That is, rather than predefining certain products as “moral,” this approach treats morality as the extent to which individual consumers metacognitively perc...
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Full-text available
Researchers and practitioners want to create opinions that stick. Yet whereas some opinions stay fixed, others are as fleeting as the time it takes to report them. In seven longitudinal studies with more than 20,000 individuals, we found that attitudes based more on emotion are relatively fixed. Whether participants evaluated brand-new Christmas gi...
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Full-text available
Some political attitudes and opinions shift and fluctuate over time whereas others remain fairly stable. Prior research on attitude strength has documented several features of attitudes that predict their temporal stability. The present analysis focuses on two of them: attitudinal ambivalence and certainty. Each of these variables has received mixe...
Article
The coronavirus pandemic has raised pressing questions about effective public health communication. Prior research has shown a persuasive advantage of arguments emphasizing a behavior’s benefits for others’ health compared to benefits for the recipients. We suggest that other-focused (vs. self-focused) messages function more as moral arguments and...
Article
Full-text available
Attitudes play a fundamental role in many aspects of social psychology, but researchers have long recognized that attitudes vary in their susceptibility to change and their influence on behavior and cognitive processes. This insight lies at the heart of attitude strength, which is defined as an attitude's durability and impact. A variety of attitud...
Article
When people perceive a moral basis for an attitude, that attitude tends to remain durable when directly challenged. But are moral concerns only influential in the moment or does moralization also signal an attitude that endures over time? Five longitudinal studies considering attitudes toward 19 different topics tested whether attitudes are more st...
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Full-text available
Previous work has reliably demonstrated that when people experience more subjective ambivalence about an attitude object, their attitudes have less impact on strength-related outcomes such as attitude-related thinking, judging, or behaving. However, previous research has not considered whether the amount of perceived knowledge a person has about th...
Article
When crafting a message, communicators may turn to moral rhetoric as a means of influencing an audience’s opinion. In the present research, we tested whether the persuasiveness of explicitly moral counterattitudinal messages depends on how much people have already based their attitudes on moral considerations. A survey of the literature suggests se...
Article
Recent large-scale replication efforts have raised the question: how are we to interpret failures to replicate? Many have responded by pointing out conceptual or methodological discrepancies between the original and replication studies as potential explanations for divergent results as well as emphasizing the importance of contextual moderators. To...
Article
This experiment analyzed whether attitudes towards the legalization of several doping behaviors would resist change and predict behavioral intentions when they were initially formed through thoughtful (i.e., high elaboration) versus nonthoughtful (i.e., low elaboration) processes. Participants were randomly assigned to a first persuasive message ei...
Article
Prior research has shown that self-reported moral bases of people's attitudes predict a range of important consequences, including attitude-relevant behavior and resistance in the face of social influence. Although previous studies typically rely on self-report measures of such bases, the present research tests the possibility that people can be in...
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Full-text available
People's behaviors are often guided by valenced responses to objects in the environment. Beyond positive and negative evaluations, attitudes research has documented the importance of attitude strength-qualities of an attitude that enhance or attenuate its impact and durability. Although neuroscience research has extensively investigated valence, li...
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Full-text available
The ability of attitudinal ambivalence and certainty to individually predict an attitude's stability over time has received mixed support. We proposed that ambivalence and certainty moderate one another's relationship with temporal attitude stability. That is, we hypothesized an interaction between these two attitude strength variables to predict s...
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Full-text available
Acetaminophen, an effective and popular over-the-counter pain reliever (e.g., the active ingredient in Tylenol), has recently been shown to blunt individuals' reactivity to a range of negative stimuli in addition to physical pain. Because accumulating research has shown that individuals' reactivity to both negative and positive stimuli can be influ...
Chapter
In this chapter, we review the ways in which mindfulness research relates to the social psychological study of attitudes and persuasion. First, we describe how persuasion effects can occur either primarily under mindless conditions or primarily under mindful conditions. Then, we highlight the links between the literature on attitudes and some of th...
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Full-text available
Metacognition refers to thinking about our own thinking and implies a distinction between primary and secondary cognition. This article reviews how neuroscience has dealt with this distinction between first and second-order cognition, with special focus on meta-cognitive confidence. Meta-cognitive confidence is important because it affects whether...
Chapter
Attitudes, a fundamental concept in social psychology, are considered from a neuroscience perspective. Recent evidence from brain mapping research points to several areas of the brain involved in the processing of attitudes and in attitude-relevant phenomena. Specifically, this article first reviews research related to attitude structure and streng...

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