Andrew Chamberlin

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Verified

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• Bachelor of Science
• Researcher at Stanford University

The complex relationship between temperature and schistosomiasis, an environmentally mediated neglected tropical disease affecting 250 million people globally, with hyperendemicity mostly in Africa, is poorly characterized. Here, we explored how seasonal temperature fluctuation affects the persistence, dynamics, and geographic distribution of schis...

Background Trash piles and abandoned tires that are exposed to the elements collect water and create productive breeding grounds for Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, the primary vector for multiple arboviruses. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imaging provides a novel approach to efficiently and accurately mapping trash, which could facilitate improved predi...

Schistosomiasis, a debilitating parasitic disease of poverty affecting more than 250 million people worldwide, is contracted upon contact with the larval form of the parasite, known as cercaria, emerging from infected freshwater snails, the obligate intermediate host of the parasite. Understanding how infectious larvae can be transported in rivers...

Background Schistosomiasis, a chronic parasitic disease, remains a public health issue in tropical and subtropical regions, especially in low and moderate-income countries lacking assured access to safe water and proper sanitation. A national prevalence survey carried out by the Brazilian Ministry of Health from 2011 to 2015 found a decrease in hum...

Species distribution models (SDMs) are increasingly popular tools for profiling disease risk in ecology, particularly for infectious diseases of public health importance that include an obligate non-human host in their transmission cycle. SDMs can create high-resolution maps of host distribution across geographical scales, reflecting baseline risk...

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by Schistosoma parasites. Schistosoma are obligate parasites of freshwater Biomphalaria and Bulinus snails, thus controlling snail populations is critical to reducing transmission risk. As snails are sensitive to environmental conditions, we expect their distribution is significantly impacted b...

The geographical range of schistosomiasis is affected by the ecology of schistosome parasites and their obligate host snails, including their response to temperature. Previous models predicted schistosomiasis’ thermal optimum at 21.7°C, which is not compatible with the temperature in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) regions where schistosomiasis is hyperen...

Deforestation through land-use conversion, illegal logging, and timber trafficking is believed to cause ~10% of the annual human carbon dioxide emissions at the global level. Given the large contribution, local and national policies have been set in place in the effort to reduce deforestation and support reforestation. However, accurate assessment...

Aedes aegypti mosquitos are the primary vector for dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses and tend to breed in small containers of water, with a propensity to breed in small piles of trash and abandoned tires. This study piloted the use of aerial imaging to map and classify potential Ae. aegypti breeding sites with a specific focus on trash, includi...

The geographical range of schistosomiasis is affected by the ecology of schistosome parasites and their obligate host snails, including their response to temperature. Previous models predicted schistosomiasis’ thermal optimum at 21.7 °C, which is not compatible with the temperature in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) regions where schistosomiasis is hypere...

Schistosomiasis is a debilitating neglected tropical disease caused by Schistosoma parasites. In the Americas, Brazil bears the largest burden of this disease with 2 to 6 million people currently infected. Schistosoma flukes are obligate parasites of freshwater Biomphalaria snails, thus controlling snail populations is critical to reducing schistos...

Background: Schistosomiasis is endemic throughout all regions of Côte d’Ivoire, however, species of the intermediate snail host vary across bioclimatic zones. Hence, a deeper knowledge of the influence of climatic on the life history traits of the intermediate snail host is crucial to understand the environmental determinants of schistosomiasis in...

Many communities in low- and middle-income countries globally lack sustainable, cost-effective and mutually beneficial solutions for infectious disease, food, water and poverty challenges, despite their inherent interdependence1–7. Here we provide support for the hypothesis that agricultural development and fertilizer use in West Africa increase th...

Species distribution models (SDMs) are increasingly popular tools for profiling disease risk in ecology, particularly for infectious diseases of public health importance that include an obligate non-human host in their transmission cycle. SDMs can create high-resolution maps of host distribution across geographical scales, reflecting baseline risk...

While much progress has been achieved over the last decades, malaria surveillance and control remain a challenge in countries with limited health care access and resources. High-resolution predictions of malaria incidence using routine surveillance data could represent a powerful tool to health practitioners by targeting malaria control activities...

INTRODUCTION An undervalued role of rural healthcare provision is its impact on forests and carbon balance. In addition to the effects of healthcare provision and livelihood programmes on improved human health, these programmes can also reduce forest degradation and prevent deforestation-related carbon emissions, since unaffordable healthcare drive...

Global health and development communities lack sustainable, cost-effective, mutually beneficial solutions for infectious disease, food, water, and poverty challenges despite their regular interdependence worldwide ¹⁻⁷ . Here, we show that agricultural development and fertilizer use in west Africa increase the devastating tropical disease schistosom...

Schistosomiasis is a debilitating parasitic disease of poverty that affects more than 200 million people worldwide, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa, and is clearly associated with the construction of dams and water resource management infrastructure in tropical and subtropical areas. Changes to hydrology and salinity linked to water infrastructure dev...

Schistosomiasis is a debilitating parasitic disease of poverty that affects more than 200 million people worldwide, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa, and is clearly associated with the construction of dams and water resource management infrastructure in tropical and subtropical areas. Changes to hydrology and salinity linked to water infrastructure dev...

Background Infectious disease risk is driven by three interrelated components: exposure, hazard, and vulnerability. For schistosomiasis, exposure occurs through contact with water, which is often tied to daily activities. Water contact, however, does not imply risk unless the environmental hazard of snails and parasites is also present in the water...

Schistosome parasites infect more than 200 million people annually, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa, where people may be co-infected with more than one species of the parasite. Infection risk for any single species is determined, in part, by the distribution of its obligate intermediate host snail. As the World Health Organization reprioritizes snail...

In recent decades, computer vision has proven remarkably effective in addressing diverse issues in public health, from determining the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of diseases in humans to predicting infectious disease outbreaks. Here, we investigate whether convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can also demonstrate effectiveness in classifyi...

Background The risk of infectious diseases, including snail-borne schistosomiasis, is determined by three inter-related components: exposure, hazard, and vulnerability. For schistosomiasis, exposure occurs through behaviours involving water contact, but not without the environmental hazard of snails and parasites in the water. Socioeconomic vulnera...

Schistosomiasis, or “snail fever”, is a parasitic disease affecting over 200 million people worldwide. People become infected when exposed to water containing particular species of freshwater snails. Habitats for such snails can be mapped using lightweight, inexpensive and field-deployable consumer-grade Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), also known...

Significance Here, we show how a conservation–health care exchange in rural Borneo preserved globally important forest carbon and simultaneously improved human health and well-being, in a region of historically intense environmental destruction, widespread poverty, and unmet health needs. To evaluate this long-term conservation and health intervent...

Background Schistosomiasis is responsible for the second highest burden of disease among neglected tropical diseases globally, with over 90 percent of cases occurring in African regions where drugs to treat the disease are only sporadically available. Additionally, human re-infection after treatment can be a problem where there are high numbers of...

Recently, the World Health Organization recognized that efforts to interrupt schistosomiasis transmission through mass drug administration have been ineffective in some regions; one of their new recommended strategies for global schistosomiasis control emphasizes targeting the freshwater snails that transmit schistosome parasites. We sought to iden...

More than 200 million people in sub-Saharan Africa are infected with schistosome parasites. Transmission of schistosomiasis occurs when people come into contact with larval schistosomes emitted from freshwater snails in the aquatic environment. Thus, controlling snails through augmenting or restoring their natural enemies, such as native predators...