Andres Sandoval-Hernandez

• Professor
• Professor of Policy and Educational Assessment and International Director of ICCS at University of Bath

The article employs exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) to evaluate constructs of economic, cultural, and social capital in international large-scale assessment (LSA) data from the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) 2006 and the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2009. ESEM integrates the theory-...

It is well documented that academic achievement of students from families of low socioeconomic status (SES) tends to be below their more socially advantaged peers. Several studies have identified factors and conditions that facilitate academic success for disadvantaged students (i.e., promote academic resilience). However, one of the main criticism...

Using data from international large-scale assessments (ILSA), we evaluate the issue of country-level model-data consistency of background socio-economic scales, as well as the invariance across countries. To that end, we use data from PISA, TERCE, and TIMSS, as they operationalize socio-economic status somewhat differently. As part of our analysis,...

This open access book identifies factors and conditions that can help schools and education systems promote tolerance in a globalized world. The IEA’s International Civic and Citizenship Study (ICCS) is a comparative research program designed to investigate the ways in which young people are prepared to undertake their roles as citizens, and provid...

The book is organized around four sections. The first section is an introduction to the problem of defining the scope and foundations of the development of moral personality and social engagement, in particular, the development of civic and ethical attitudes and prosocial behavior. The second section presents a comparative analysis of education pol...

This study investigates the role of positive psychology virtues in predicting educational competencies 5th and 6th-grade students. The evidence-based benefits of fostering virtues in educational settings, including academic success, emotional resilience, ethical behavior and social integration, are well documented. This research further emphasizes...

Over the past decade, mobile-assisted language learning technologies, such as smartphone applications, have become increasingly prominent in language learning; however, empirical research on how the use of mobile apps can influence students’ willingness to communicate (WTC) is scarce. This study assessed two mobile apps with distinct language learn...

The present document provides a comprehensive blueprint to evaluate educational assessments in relation to their alignment with SDG targets 4.1, 4.4, and 4.7. This blueprint outlines the critical factors that each assessment must meet to be deemed suitable for integration. These criteria include alignment to learning standards and frameworks, psych...

This paper examines the link between decentralisation in school management and student achievement levels in secondary schools in India. It employs observational data from two school surveys conducted as part of the Young Lives project in the southern Indian states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh to create a measure of decentralisation as a latent...

Attitudes toward gender equality are critical to citizenship outcomes because they can promote more egalitarian living conditions. Evidence suggests that attitudes that oppose equal rights between men and women are negatively related to gender equality. Moreover, these attitudes may reproduce stereotypes among youth that limit young women's opportu...

Distributed leadership (DL) is defined as the degree of contact and involvement of various people in making choices or carrying out responsibilities, and is an increasingly used concept among researchers, policymakers, and educationalists worldwide. However, few studies have investigated the cross-cultural comparability of the distributed leadershi...

https://www.bera.ac.uk/blog/school-location-and-distributed-leadership-in-the-united-kingdom

PISA’s reading literacy test assesses an individual’s skills and competencies to understand, use, reflect on, and engage with written texts. This chapter seeks to understand how the different educational systems in the Asia-Pacific region contribute to students’ reading literacy performance in PISA. Taking the results of the latest cycle of PISA in...

Using the largest and most recent comparative study on youth citizenship, the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (Schulz et al., 2016), we analyze how different patterns of civic norms endorsement are related to four civic dispositions: multiculturalism, gender equality, patriotism, and respect for democracy, using data from 91,153...

El autoritarismo como creencia ideológica, consiste en la adhesión irrestricta a la autoridad. Esta creencia es problemática para el apoyo a democracias deliberativas, donde las autoridades están sujetas a mecanismos de rendición de cuentas. Se sabe que los estudiantes de familias con padres de menor escolaridad tienden a presentar una mayor adhesi...

Recently, there has been increasing interest in comparing educational leadership measures, such as principal school leadership, using International Large-Scale Assessments (ILSAs) data. However, there are doubts about the uniformity of measurement across countries participating in the ILSAs. There are concerns that the robustness and psychometric c...

We use data from the international assessments PISA, TERCE, and ICCS to evaluate the invariance of student socioeconomic background scales among the countries participating in these studies. More specifically, we examine whether measures that were developed regionally exhibit better psychometric properties than other measures that were designed to...

The unprecedented diversity in student populations in Europe resulting from the recent rapid influx of migrants, refugees, and asylum seekers is an important challenge to implementing inclusive citizenship education across Europe. Current European policy frameworks in education stress that citizenship education needs to promote common attitudes and...

Within Europe, numerous political, economic, social, and cultural changes brought about by globalization and Europeanization have challenged and transformed young people’s sense of citizenship and identity. An important aspect of good citizenship is attitudes of tolerance and support for the equal rights of others. Yet, in recent times, there has b...

One of the long-term lessons from the school closures due to the global pandemic COVID 19, is that technology and parental engagement are the best levers to access education so as to bridge the achievement gap between socially disadvantaged children and their peers. However, using technology is not as simple as bringing equipment into the school an...

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought a tremendous impact on the pedagogy and learning experience of students in sub-degree education sector of Hong Kong. Online learning has become the “sole” solution to deal with student learning challenges during this chaotic period. In this study, we explore online learning for sub-degree students by using a commun...

Violence in schools is one of the main concerns in Latin American countries and is one of the main threats for schools to be effective in providing high-quality education. For this work, data from ICCS 2016 is used to fit decision trees and cluster robust logistic regression models to explore how some schools immersed in violent environments manage...

Policy discourses posit an accountability deficit as an underlying cause of a “learning crisis” in many low-income countries. Many studies understand this perceived deficit from a principal-agent perspective, arguing that incentives facing teachers and schools often do not align to the interests of parents and students. Such perspectives underlie m...

This paper employs Pierre Bourdieu's cultural capital theory to examine the extent to which students' cultural capital is related to teacher-student interaction in the context of feedback. The study uses PISA (2018) data to implement multilevel modelling for each participating country. The findings show that objectified and embodied components of c...

The main objective of UNESCO is to contribute to peace and security in the world by promoting collaboration among nations through education, science, culture and communication in order to foster universal respect for justice, the rule of law, and the human rights and fundamental freedoms that are affirmed for the peoples of the world, without disti...

This chapter was invited to provide a description of the landscape of the international dimension of IEA’s International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) within the Latin American region. These authors possess extensive experience in analyzing and publishing from these datasets. The chapter begins by describing their professional, acade...

This chapter seeks to test through a case study how transformative change resulting from Co-Creation can be evidenced and measured using a quasi experimental mixed-method approach. The first section focuses on the design of the case study, a poetry workshop aimed at students aged 14–17, initiated at a secondary school in Iztapalapa, Mexico City, by...

This data article describes the dataset of the International COVID-19 Impact on Parental Engagement Study (ICIPES). ICIPES is a collaborative effort of more than 20 institutions to investigate the ways in which, parents and caregivers built capacity engaged with children's learning during the period of social distancing arising from global COVID-19...

Based on analysis of an administrative dataset, which includes granular detail on 800,000 English students over a 10‐year period, this article identifies an urban ‘escalator’ effect in entry to elite universities, with disadvantaged youth in the urban centres of England having higher rates of entry than similarly disadvantaged youth located rurally...

In light of the recent education reforms in Italy (La Buona Scuola, Law 107/15) featuring autonomy and digital skills, this paper examines the impact of teachers’ pedagogical autonomy on students’ computer literacy. The empirical analysis is conducted using data from the latest cycle of the International Computer and Information Literacy Study (ICI...

In light of the recent education reforms in Italy (La Buona Scuola, Law 107/15) featuring autonomy and digital skills, this paper examines the impact of teachers' pedagogical autonomy on students' computer literacy. The empirical analysis is conducted using data from the latest cycle of the International Computer and Information Literacy Study (ICI...

It has been claimed that there is a lack of theory-driven constructs and a lack of cross-country comparability in International Large-Scale Assessment (ILSA)’s socio-economic background scales. To address these issues, a new socio-economic background scale was created based on Pierre Bourdieu’s cultural reproduction theory, which distinguishes econ...

Participation in child labour, in both household and non-household activities, gender effects and low educational attainment remain challenges for countries in Latin America. Through hierarchical linear modelling of data from the OECD's Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), this study seeks to explore the current cross-country tren...

Las evaluaciones internacionales a gran escala (conocidas por sus siglas en inglés como ILSA) son una invaluable herramienta para la mejora de nuestros sistemas educativos, pero que conllevan también importantes riesgos. Si bien, las limitaciones y retos discutidos en este monografico no hacen que los ILSAs sean inherentemente problemáticos, existe...

The extent to which education has a long-term impact on the way students view themselves and the world is a key question, not least when curricula with an international character claim to develop attributes aligned with global citizenship. To our knowledge, there have been few, if any, longitudinal studies that assess the impact of curricula that m...

This innovative book provides a critical analysis of diverse experiences of Co-creation in neighbourhood settings across the Global North and Global South. A unique collection of international researchers, artists and activists explore how creative, arts-based methods of community engagement can help tackle marginalisation and stigmatisation, whils...

This chapter provides readers with a step-by-step guide to performing both simple and complex analyses with data from the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) using the IEA International Database (IDB) Analyzer. The IDB Analyzer is a Windows-based tool that generates SPSS and SAS syntax. Using this syntax, corres...

The relative importance of educational qualifications and cognitive skills forms an enduring debate in research on education and the labour market. While early work in human capital theory essentially equated qualifications and skills, signalling and screening theories provided a more nuanced distinction between the two, highlighting the importance...

This paper seeks to empirically evaluate the association of decentralization of education systems and student achievement. It employs PISA (2015) data to perform multilevel analysis for each and every participating country. Decentralization effects are estimated on the imputed scores of mathematics after controlling for various student-level and sc...

Results from the IEA International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) 2016 show that more than two-thirds of the students in the participating Latin American countries reported that they would support a dictatorship as a form of government if it brought order and security, or if it brought economic benefits. This brief looks closer at the...

En este capítulo final se relaciona la literatura del Reino Unido sobre clase social y educación con la literatura de México sobre el diálogo interepistémico, principalmente relacionado con la indigeneidad y la inclusión educativa. No pretendemos hacer comparaciones ingenuas entre estos dos cuerpos de literatura; en vez de ello, limitamos nuestro t...

This report highlights disparities in children’s participation rates across a wide range of extra-curricular activities depending on their social background.

Background paper prepared for the 2019 Global education monitoring report: Migration, displacement and education: building bridges, not walls.

Each of the five empirical studies presented in this report aimed to identify factors and conditions that help schools and teachers to promote tolerance in a globalized world. Each study acknowledged the complex, hierarchical layers of explanatory mechanisms, while focusing on what could be learned from in-depth analysis of data collected by the In...

Analyzing tolerance in youth may help educators to identify strategies to promote tolerance. This chapter describes the IEA’s International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) 2009, outlining the main objectives of the survey and the assessment design. Specific variables were selected from the ICCS data for the five empirical studies in th...

The increasing diversity of student populations is a global educational trend. The relatively recent rapid influx of immigrants, refugees and asylum seekers, coupled with issues of increasing intolerance, social exclusion and feelings of alienation, and extremism among young people, are posing complex challenges for educational systems around the w...

A growing body of literature from different disciplines addresses concepts and measurement of citizenship. The present paper seeks to contribute to this field by examining the issue of youth citizenship from a comparative international perspective and proposing a simplified conceptual model that can be operationalized. This model includes a communi...

It is generally accepted that one of the objectives of education in schools is to introduce children and young people to the various dimensions of politics. Schools teach children how states function, emphasizing the way democratic governments work. Civic and Ethics courses promote not only knowledge of politics and democracy, but also strive to gi...

Researchers and educators interested in empowering young people with the citizen competencies they need to participate actively and constructively as members of their society have documented the existence of significant differences among youth from advantaged and disadvantaged SES backgrounds in the civic knowledge, attitudes and skills they need t...

Utilizando la noción de los programas de investigación científica de Lakatos, este trabajo analiza la estructura del Movimiento de Escuelas Eficaces tal como se ha desarrollado en el Reino Unido y Estados Unidos principalmente y revisa las críticas que se le han hecho en los últimos años, poniendo mayor énfasis en aquellas relacionadas a su afiliac...

The purpose of this study was to empirically test two major theoretical models: a modified version of the social capital model (Pattie, Seyd and Whiteley, 2003), and the Informed Social Engagement Model (Barr and Selman, 2014; Selman and Kwok, 2010), to explain civic participation and civic knowledge of adolescents from Chile, Colombia and Mexico,...

http://www.iea.nl/policy_briefs.html

Over the last decades Educational Effectiveness Research (EER) has made considerable progress in terms of identifying school characteristics consistently associated with academic achievement. However, the critics of this body of research argue that while purporting to be inclusive and comprehensive, EER theoretical models often ignore the needs of...

Enhancing parental involvement is a major concern for policymakers in education in many countries. Literature review has exposed strong connections between parental involvements in school activities and student outcomes (also achievements). For exploring the association between parental involvement in school activities and student reading achieveme...

Preschool education is a major topic on many national educational agendas. Countries and supranational organizations have promoted reforms aimed at readying children for entry into formal schooling, and preschool coverage rates have steadily increased in recent decades. In this policy brief we analyze data from 37 education systems that participate...

Increasing the number of hours students spend in school each year, on the assumption that this will improve student achievement, has become a widespread trend. However, our analysis suggests that this trend can be misguided: the time students spend in the classroom is not always positively related to their academic achievement. Instead, it is effec...

This is a power point presentation of a preliminary version of the paper. It includes a nice summary of the basic structure and main findings of this research project. It also includes reader-friendly graphs to summarize the Exploratory Structural Equation Models included only as tables in the main paper.

Violence in schools is currently one of the main social concerns in countries like Mexico and Colombia, and it is also one of the main threats for schools to be effective in providing high-quality education. This work uses data from ICCS 2009 to fit cluster robust logistic regression models to explore how schools immersed in high-risk environments...

European countries were economically and politically separated during the Cold War, but since its end processes of globalization and the formation of the European Union have contributed to blur the borders. Previous studies suggest that the social transformations have affected differently civic participation of youths, but shortage of more recent d...

This is a power point presentation (PPT) of a preliminary version of the paper. It includes a nice summary of the basic structure and main findings of this research project. It also includes reader-friendly graphs to summarize the Exploratory Structural Equation Models included only as tables in the main paper.

This report examines the working lives of new teachers through the TALIS 2008 survey of lower-secondary teachers and schools. New teachers are defined as having two years or less of teaching experience. In most countries, new teachers assume virtually the same teaching responsibilities as more experienced teachers, but they report that they often l...

Objectives or purposes The main objective of this paper is to identify factors and conditions that could help socially disadvantaged students in different countries to become academically resilient. To do that four specific objectives have been set: i) to conceptualize and quantitatively operationalize the notion of academic resilience; then, ii)...

Based on the Lakatos’ notion of research programmes, this paper analyses the structure of the School Effectiveness Research Programme as it has been developed mainly in the UK and USA, and reviews the criticisms that have recently risen, stressing those regarding its adherence to a positivist epistemology and the lack of context-sensitive models fo...

Based on Lakato’s notion of research programmes, the paper analyses the structure of the School Effectiveness Research (SER) programme and reviews the main criticisms that have arisen, stressing those regarding its objectivity and theoretical limitations. Then, some proposals are made to address these criticisms, namely: to adopt a critical realist...

Utilizando la noción de los programas de investigación científica de Lakatos, este trabajo analiza la estructura del Movimiento de Escuelas Eficaces tal como se ha desarrollado en el Reino Unido y Estados Unidos principalmente y revisa las críticas que se le han hecho en los últimos años, poniendo mayor énfasis en aquellas relacionadas a su afiliac...

La inequidad en la distribución de las oportunidades educativas que desde hace varios años ha sido detectada en México es uno de los rasgos que caracterizan el funcionamiento del sistema escolar de este país y es también uno de los grandes pendientes de su política educativa. Esta condición del sistema educativo tiene al menos dos dimensiones: Por...