Andreas Lorke

University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU) · Environmental Sciences

With the aim to improve current knowledge on physical processes in tropical and subtropical reservoirs, we explored the dynamics of prevailing hydrodynamic processes in a small-to medium-sized reservoir based on 1-year continuous measurements of temperature, flow velocity, and turbulence. The mixing regime of the reservoir is characterized as warm...

Epibenthic biofilms are important in regulating nitrogen (N) fluxes in stream ecosystems. The efficiency of the regulation is controlled by hydraulic and biological processes and their interactions. However, knowledge on the underlying physical and biological processes, their controlling parameters, and interactions in stream ecosystems is still li...

Methane (CH4) emissions from freshwater aquatic systems such as rivers and reservoirs are an important component of the global methane budget. However, the estimation can be largely affected by the spatial and temporal resolutions of measurements. Especially, the lack of high-resolution studies in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), one of the larges...

Inland waters, such as lakes, reservoirs and rivers, are important sources of climate forcing trace gases. A key parameter that regulates the gas exchange between water and the atmosphere is the gas transfer velocity, which itself is controlled by near-surface turbulence in the water. While in lakes and reservoirs, near-surface turbulence is mainly...

Cyanobacterial surface scum (here defined as visible Cyanobacteria colonies accumulating at the lake surface) is a harmful phenomenon that negatively affects water quality, human and animal health. Colony-forming Microcystis is one of the most important and ubiquitous genera that can suddenly accumulate at water surfaces. Turbulent water motion, e....

In‐stream nitrate (NO3⁻) uptake in rivers involves complex autotrophic and heterotrophic pathways, which often vary spatiotemporally due to biotic and abiotic drivers. High‐frequency monitoring of NO3⁻ mass balance between upstream and downstream measurement sites can quantitatively disentangle multi‐path NO3⁻ uptake dynamics at the reach scale. Ho...

Light is an important driver of algal growth and for the formation of surface blooms. Long-term buoyancy maintenance of Microcystis colonies is crucial for their aggregation at the water surface and the following algal bloom development. However, the effect of light-mediated variations of colony morphology on the buoyancy regulation of Microcystis...

Shallow lentic aquatic ecosystems, such as ponds, are important repositories of carbon (C) and hotspots of C cycling and greenhouse gas emission. Tube-dwelling benthic invertebrates, such as chironomids, may be key players in C dynamics in these water bodies, yet their role in the C-budget at ecosystem level remains unclear. We tested whether a 41...

The drag coefficient, Stanton number and Dalton number are of particular importance for estimating the surface turbulent fluxes of momentum, heat and water vapor using bulk parameterization. Although these bulk transfer coefficients have been extensively studied over the past several decades in marine and large-lake environments, there are no studi...

Despite the fact that the water temperature of the Yangtze River has changed substantially due to the construction of Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), little is known about how the thermal structure of TGR responded to the implementation of two large upstream reservoirs in 2013. We investigated the seasonal variations of water temperature and discharg...

Shallow lentic freshwater aquatic systems are globally important emitters of methane (CH4), a highly potent greenhouse gas. Previous laboratory studies indicated that bioturbation by chironomids can reduce CH4 production and increase CH4 oxidation by enhancing oxygen transport into sediment. Thus, reduction in chironomid density by application of b...

Shallow eutrophic lakes contribute disproportional to the emissions of CO2 and CH4 from inland waters. The processes that contribute to these fluxes, their environmental controls, and anthropogenic influences, however, are poorly constrained. Here, we studied the spatial variability and seasonal dynamics of CO2 and CH4 fluxes across the sediment-wa...

The drag coefficient (CDN), Stanton number (CHN) and Dalton number (CEN) are of particular importance for the bulk estimation of the surface turbulent fluxes of momentum, heat and water vapor at water surfaces. Although these bulk transfer coefficients have been extensively studied over the past several decades mainly in marine and large-lake envir...

This poster was presented at SETAC Europe 32nd Annual Meeting 2022 in Copenhagen

Chlorophyll-a (chla) is an important parameter to assess water quality in lakes and reservoirs, since it is a proxy for phytoplankton biomass and primary production. The increasing availability of data with high spatial and temporal resolution allows assessing short-term dynamics and small-scale variations of chla within larger water bodies. In fre...

Bubble-mediated transport is the predominant pathway of methane emissions from inland waters, which are a globally significant sources of the potent greenhouse gas to the atmosphere. High uncertainties exist in emission estimates due to high spatial and temporal variability. Acoustic methods have been applied for the spatial mapping of ebullition r...

Numerical models are an important tool for simulating temperature, hydrodynamics, and water quality in lakes and reservoirs. Existing models differ in dimensionality by considering spatial variations of simulated parameters (e.g., flow velocity and water temperature) in one (1D), two (2D) or three (3D) spatial dimensions. The different approaches a...

Key Points: • Rain systematically enhances the gas transfer velocity at the air-water interface • Near-surface turbulence can be expressed as a function of rain rate • Surface renewal model is well suited to describe the effect of the rain rate on gas transfer velocity

Methane (CH4) is the second most important greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide (CO2) and is inter alia produced in natural freshwater ecosystems. Given the rise in CH4 emissions from natural sources, researchers are investigating environmental factors and climate change feedbacks to explain this increment. Despite being omnipresent in freshwaters,...

Abstract: Mechanical energy in lakes is present in various types of water motion, including turbulent flows, surface and internal waves. The major source of kinetic energy is wind forcing at the water surface. Although a small portion of the vertical wind energy flux in the atmosphere is transferred to water, it is crucial for physical, biogeochemi...

Aim: In this article, we describe the energetics and dynamics of small-scale turbulence and mixing in stratified water bodies. Turbulence in the stratified interior of a water body arises when wind-driven internal motions become unstable and transfer their energy towards smaller-scale motions. The resulting turbulent mixing drives weak but continuo...

Numerical models are an important tool for simulating temperature, hydrodynamics and water quality in lakes and reservoirs. Existing models differ in dimensionality by considering spatial variations of simulated parameters (e.g., flow velocity and water temperature) in one (1D), two (2D) or three (3D) spatial dimensions. The different approaches ar...

Nitrogen (N) uptake is a key process in stream ecosystems that is mediated mainly by benthic microorganisms (biofilms on different substrata) and has implications for the biogeochemical fluxes at catchment scale and beyond. Here, we focused on the drivers of assimilatory N uptake, especially the effects of hydromorphology and other environmental co...

In thermally stratified reservoirs, inflows form density currents according to the interplay between inflow temperature and reservoir stratification. The temperature of inflowing water is affected by catchment properties, including shading by riparian vegetation. We hypothesize that the degree of shading in the catchment can affect the inflow dynam...

Light availability is an important driver of algal growth and for the formation of surface blooms. The formation of Microcystis surface scum decreases the transparency of the water column and influences the vertical distribution of light intensity. Only few studies analysed the interactions between the dynamics of surface blooms and the light distr...

Interwave Analyzer is an open source software that provides detailed characterization of the dynamics of internal waves in lakes and reservoirs. It is based on well-established theories and empirical knowledge on internal waves and lake mixing and facilitates a general physical classification of lakes and reservoirs. As input data, the program requ...

Reservoirs are a significant source of the potent greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O), but there are few data on N2O in the world's largest reservoirs and limited understanding of the factors controlling their emission rates. Here we analyzed high-resolution measurements of dissolved N2O concentrations and fluxes in a typical tributary bay of Three...

Reservoirs are an important source of atmospheric methane (CH4), a potent greenhouse gas. The Mekong, one of the largest Asian rivers, has been heavily dammed and can be a potential hotspot for CH4 emissions. While low diffusive CH4 flux was previously reported from cascading reservoirs in the Upper Mekong, the contribution of ebullition (bubbling)...

To analyze the hydrodynamics in an impounded river in response to discharge regulation at upstream and downstream dams, we developed a one-dimensional analytical model. The model provides analytical solutions for discharge and water level fluctuations along the river for periodic discharge boundary conditions at both dams. As a case study, the mode...

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00367-019-00612-z?utm_source=toc&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=toc_367_40_4&utm_content=etoc_springer_20200724 ............................................................................... In freshwater lakes, ebullition is an important pathway for biogenic methane (CH4) to escape from sediment and r...

Among the major consequences of dam construction and operation are the deterioration of water quality and the increasing frequency of occurrence of harmful algae blooms in reservoirs and their tributaries. Former studies at Three Gorges Reservoir demonstrated that the Yangtze River main stream is the main source of nutrients and pollutants to conne...

Biogenic greenhouse gas emissions, e.g., of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) from inland waters, contribute substantially to global warming. In aquatic systems, dissolved greenhouse gases are highly heterogeneous in both space and time. To better understand the biological and physical processes that affect sources and sinks of both CH4 and CO...

Ponds play a critical role in biogeochemical carbon cycling and have been identified as hot spots of methane (CH4) emission. Yet, most existing studies focused on ponds in the boreal zone and current estimates of the relevance of ponds in global CH4 budgets as well as knowledge of the environmental factors regulating their emissions are poorly cons...

Currently, we are studying the physical processes involved in the dynamics of Greenhouse gases in tropical reservoirs. Taking into account that rain is the main aspect of weather changing with the seasonality in the tropics, we were deep into it and explored through a laboratory experiment the rain-generated turbulence and its effect over the gas t...

Flow is an important physical driver of biofilm communities. Here, we tested the effects of the near bed flows in two mountainous stream reaches on the structure of biofilm microbial guilds (autotrophs, heterotrophic bacteria, and heterotrophic protists) within and across trophic levels. Near bed flow velocity and turbulent kinetic energy were impo...

In recent decades, several lake models of varying complexity have been developed and incorporated into numerical weather prediction systems and climate models. To foster enhanced forecasting ability and verification, improvement of these lake models remains essential. This especially applies to the limited simulation capabilities of biogeo-chemical...

Emissions of the potent greenhouse gas methane (CH4) from streams and rivers are a significant component of global freshwater methane emissions. The distribution of CH4 production and oxidation within stream sections and in vertical sediment profiles is not well understood, and the environmental controls on CH4 production and emission in such syste...

The quantification of greenhouse gas emissions from aquatic ecosystems requires knowledge about the spatial and temporal dynamics of free gas in sediments. Freezing the sediment in situ offers a promising method for obtaining gas-bearing sediment samples, unaffected by changes in hydrostatic pressure and sample temperature during core withdrawal an...

Here I sum up the main results of my analysis on the hydrodynamics of Passaúna Reservoir, it is part of my PhD and MuDak project.

Water surface roughness in rivers and streams is mainly driven by flow, turbulence and riverbed conditions. Conversely, water surface roughness gives easy access to information about hydrodynamics – provided that measurements are possible at sufficient spatial-temporal resolution and accuracy. We present a novel small-size (diameter 28 mm) drifter,...

We analyzed the alteration of discharge and water temperature caused by two newly established reservoirs in the lower reaches of the Jinsha River. In comparison to longer-term observations from the pre-impoundment period, the seasonal flow variability was significantly affected by the larger, upstream-located Xiluodu reservoir, with higher discharg...

In recent decades, several lake models of varying complexity have been developed and incorporated in numerical weather prediction systems and climate models. To foster enhanced forecasting ability and verification, improvement of these lake models remains essential. This especially applies to the limited simulation capabilities of biogeochemical pr...

Aquatic ecosystems with organic‐rich sediments are a globally significant source of methane to the atmosphere. In shallow waters, ebullition is often a dominant emission pathway of methane. Current knowledge on the processes controlling gas bubble formation and persistence in aquatic sediments is limited. An important prerequisite for accurate quan...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193973.].

S2_extractor.xlsb. (XLSB)

We used particle image velocimetry to analyze 2-dimensional turbulent flow structures in small streams. Here we show animated sequences of the velocity and vorticity distributions measured in a shallow 3rd-order stream. The sequences are limited to 5 s duration of real time measurement, but are recorded as slow motion (factor of ten slower than rea...

Gas exchange is a critical component of any biogeochemical mass balance model of dissolved gases in aquatic systems, yet the magnitude and drivers of spatial and temporal variations of air-water exchange rates in shallow streams are poorly understood. We investigated the relationships between gas exchange velocity of carbon dioxide and methane and...

Gas exchange is a critical component of any biogeochemical mass balance model of dissolved gases in aquatic systems, yet the magnitude and drivers of spatial and temporal variations of air-water exchange rates in shallow streams are poorly understood. We investigated the relationships between gas exchange velocity of carbon dioxide and methane and...

We measured the atmospheric emission rates of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) in two wastewater treatment plants in Southwest Germany, which apply different treatment technologies. Dissolved gas concentrations and fluxes were measured during all processing steps as well as in the discharge receiving streams. N2O isotopocule analysis revealed...

We describe a novel, tungsten-based potentiometric electrode for measuring phosphate (HPO42-) concentration in aqueous solutions. The Nernst-like potential response of this sensor is linear in a concentration range between 1.0×10 −6 and 1.0×10 −1 M, with a slope of −29.9 ± 0.2 mV/decade (at a pH of 10). The sensor has a response time of <1min and i...

The objective of this study was to determine oxygen fluxes and the spatial micro-heterogeneity of microbial respiration and photosynthesis of a stream biofilm from the Selke stream, Harz Mountains. For this purpose, we used PreSens fiber optic O2 microsensors and an Automated Micromanipulator system to record O2 micro-gradients within the biofilm a...

Gas exchange velocity in streams and rivers controls fluxes of atmospheric gases across the air-water interface and is commonly related to the turbulence at the water side. Similarly, river flow hydraulics influences the water surface roughness, which is frequently used (in terms of surface flow types) for eco- and morphological mapping of spatial...

The use of cavity ring-down spectrometer (CRDS) based portable greenhouse gas analyzers (PGAs) in closed-loop configuration to measure small sample volumes (< 1 l) for CH4 and CO2 concentrations is increasing and offers certain advantages over conventional measurement methods in terms of speed as well as the ability to measure directly in field loc...

Data extractor tool “plotting” tab. Shows visualization of processed data with marked mean baseline and equilibrium gas PP, laser ring down values, smoothing and step detection parameters. (TIF)

Detailed statistics for syringe and operator injection tests as presented in S3 Fig. For: A—worn gastight syringe; B—new liquid syringe; and C—new gas tight syringe (see text for details), and 4 syringe operators (indicated by numbers 1 to 4). Xmean is the mean test gas PP in ppm. Expected test values were 50.1 ppm CH4 and 970.4 ppm CO2. Measuremen...