Andrea Diaz-Villaseñor

• PhD
• Professor (Associate) at National Autonomous University of Mexico

The exposome encompasses the total exposure an individual experiences throughout their life, comprising components influenced by the person's genetic, epigenetic and intrinsic and age-related traits (healthy ENDO-exposome), as well as diet, environmental factors and pollutants, habits, and socio-cultural and socio-economic aspects (ECTO-exposome)....

The post-nutritional intervention modulation of miRNA expression has been previously investigated; however, post-acute dietary-ingestion-related miRNA expression dynamics in individuals with obesity and insulin resistance (IR) are unknown. We aimed to determine the acute effects of protein ingestion from different dietary sources on the postprandia...

Croton guatemalensis y Eryngium cymosum son dos plantas utilizadas en la medicina tradicional centroamericana y mexicana para el tratamiento de la diabetes. Estudios anteriores no publicados realizados por el laboratorio de Etnofarmacología (UNAM) revelaron el potencial efecto sensibilizador a la insulina de ambas especies. Por lo tanto, el objetiv...

La obesidad es un problema creciente en niños y niñas, incluso desde temprana edad, con repercusiones en su salud en la vida adulta. Además de la alimentación y la falta de actividad física, el estrés durante el embarazo también puede predisponer al sobrepeso. La teoría de la programación fetal sugiere que el estrés crónico en las madres puede afec...

Fatty acid (FA) metabolism dysfunction of white adipose tissue (WAT) underlies obesity and insulin resistance in response to high calorie intake and/or endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), among other factors. Arsenic is an EDC that has been associated with metabolic syndrome and diabetes. However, the combined effect of a high-fat diet (HFD) and...

Insulin resistance (IR) refers to a reduction in the ability of insulin to exert its metabolic effects in organs such as adipose tissue (AT) and skeletal muscle (SM), leading to chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hepatic steatosis, and cardiovascular diseases. Obesity is the main cause of IR, however not all subjects with obesity develop cli...

Aims Arsenic is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, little is known about arsenic effects over adipocyte endocrine functionality, particularly for leptin and adiponectin, and about its interaction with dietary components, which are the main environmental regulators of adipose tissue functionality. The aim of this...

Using a rabbit model, we investigated whether maternal intake of a high-fat and high-carbohydrate diet (HFCD) before and during pregnancy induces an increase in micronuclei frequency and oxidative stress in offspring during adulthood. Female rabbits received a standard diet (SD) or HFCD for two months before mating and during gestation. The offspri...

Nutrients can act as signalling molecules to initiate or mediate signalling transduction that regulates cell function and homeostasis. As such, altered nutrient status has been linked to dysregulated transcripts and protein expression, which affects mitochondrial function, autophagy, inflammation, metabolism and even gut microbiota. This book disse...

Metabolic parameters ranging from circulating nutrient levels and substrate utilization to energy expenditure and thermogenesis are temporally modulated by the circadian timing system. During critical embryonic developmental periods, maternal over-nutrition could alter key elements in different tissues associated with the generation of circadian rh...

Background and aims: CAPN10 gene is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Specific members of the calpain system (CAPN1, CAPN2 and CAPN10) are implicated in glucose metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the calpain activity in leukocytes of control subjects and patients with T2D and its association with the calpain family members invo...

Background: A low-protein diet increases the expression and circulating concentration of FGF21. FGF21 stimulates the browning process of WAT by enhancing the expression of UCP1 coupled with an increase in PGC1α. Interestingly, the consumption of a low-protein diet could stimulate WAT differentiation into beige/brite cells by increasing FGF21 expre...

Induction of white adipose tissue (WAT) browning increases the thermogenic capacity and could have beneficial effects in metabolic diseases. FGF21 is increased by low protein diets, and it is also associated to WAT browning. To understand its effect on markers of WAT browning, we studied the effect of a low or high protein/carbohydrate ratio diet i...

Arsenic exposure through drinking water is a public health problem that affects more than 300 million people worldwide in more than 70 countries. Arsenic has been recognized as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes with specific mechanisms of action, however it is still uncertain whether arsenic is also an obesogen. Chronic high-calorie diet intake se...

Subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) adipose tissues stores excess energy as triglycerides and synthesize adiponectin to prevent ectopic lipid accumulation and lipotoxicity. During obesity, an impairment in the capacity of SAT to store triglycerides and synthesize adiponectin is associated with increased free fatty acids (FFA) release, leading to...

Scope: Hyperglucagonemia contributes to hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Previously, we have found that soy protein normalized fasting hyperglucagonemia in obese Zucker (fa/fa) rats, sensitizing the HSL-lipolytic signaling pathway in white adipose tissue (WAT), however the mechanism remains unknown. Methods and results: Zucker (fa/fa) rat...

The environmental obesogen model proposes that in addition to a high-calorie diet and diminished physical activity, other factors such as environmental pollutants and chemicals are involved in the development of obesity. Although arsenic has been recognized as a risk factor for Type 2 Diabetes with a specific mechanism, it is still uncertain whethe...

ANTECEDENTES: la trombosis venosa cerebral es infrecuente, pero con mayor incidencia durante la gestación y el puerperio. OBJETIVO: revisar la bibliografía más reciente y proponer una opción de tratamiento de la paciente con trombosis venosa cerebral durante el puerperio. CASO CLÍNICO: paciente de 30 años de edad, con antecedente de dos embarazos...

BACKGROUND: cerebral venous thrombosis is infrequent, but with the highest incidence during pregnancy and puerperium. OBJECTIVE: to review the most recent bibliography and propose a treatment option for the patient with cerebral venous thrombosis during puerperium.CLINICAL CASE: a 30 year old patient with a history of two pregnancies and two Cesare...

Long-term dietary and pharmacological treatments for obesity have been questioned, particularly in individuals with severe obesity, so a new approach may involve adipose tissue transplants, particularly autologous transplants. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the metabolic effects of autologous subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) transplan...

Background/objective: Dietary fat sources modulate fasting serum concentration of adipokines, particularly adiponectin. However, previous studies utilized obese animals in which adipose tissue function is severely altered. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the postprandial regulation of adipokine secretion in nonobese rats that consumed high...

The study of NAFLD in humans has several limitations. Using murine models helps to understand disease pathogenesis. Evaluate the impact of 4 different diets in the production of NAFLD with emphasis on a combined high-fat plus sustained high sucrose consumption. Eight week-old male Wistar rats were divided in four groups and fed for 90 days with the...

It is not well known how the adipose tissue (AT) is affected by the dietary fat (amount and type) prior to the onset of obesity during fasting and short‐term refeeding (30–120 min). Thus, we studied rats fed 7 or 21% coconut (CO, saturated), safflower (SF, monounsaturated) or soybean (SB, polyunsaturated) oil for 21 d. Our data showed that the stor...

The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing worldwide and diverse environmental and genetic risk factors are well recognized. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the calpain-10 gene (CAPN-10), which encodes a protein involved in the secretion and action of insulin, and chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) through dri...

Allelic frequencies of CAPN-10 polymorphisms (SNP-44, -43, -63 and Indel-19) in non-diabetic and diabetic subjects. p values of the deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were 0.419, 0.879, 0.339 and 0.945 for SNP-44, SNP-43, Indel-19 and SNP-63, respectively for non-diabetic subjects. For diabetic subjects the p values were 0.544, 0.610, 0.436...

SNP-43, Indel-19 and SNP-63 haplotype frequency in non-diabetic and diabetic subjects. The nomenclature for haplotype is as follows: SNP-43, allele 1, G, allele 2, A; Indel-19, allele 1, 2 repeats of 32 bp sequence, allele 2, 3 repeats; SNP-63, allele 1, C, allele 2, T. The haplotype associated with T2DM is 112/121 (¥), denoting G/G for SNP43, 2 re...

Arsenic metabolism. Data are represented by mean ± SD and median with 25th and 75th percentiles. Symbol denotes Log-transformation for analysis (£). Symbol (*) denotes statistical significance p<0.05. (DOC)

Liver X receptor (LXR)α regulates the genes involved in cholesterol, fatty acid and glucose metabolism. Soy protein (SP) consumption reduces the hepatic accumulation of cholesterol and triacylglycerol, and improves insulin sensitivity. However, it is not known whether these effects are mediated via LXRα. We therefore investigated whether the consum...

Nuclear receptors are ligand-activated transcriptional regulators of several key aspects of renal physiology and pathophysiology. As such, nuclear receptors control a large variety of metabolic processes, including kidney lipid metabolism, drug clearance, inflammation, fibrosis, cell differentiation, and oxidative stress. Derangement of nuclear rec...

Early metabolic alterations induced by a high content of fat in diet are poorly understood and less is known about if the type of fat play an important role in lipid metabolism, thus we studied rats fed 7 or 21% fat in diet for 21 d. Fat sources were coconut (CO), safflower (SF) or soybean (SB) oil. Our results showed minor significant differences...

Dietary fat plays a central role in the development of obesity. However, the metabolic consequences of dietary fat can vary depending on their fatty acid composition. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to study the effect of the type and amount of dietary fat on the expression of genes controlling lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation in the...

It has been postulated that not only the quantity, but also the type of dietary fat has important implications in the metabolism of lipids and glucose, therefore in obesity. Fatty acids are important mediators of gene expression of metabolic enzymes in the liver, whereas its role in adipose tissue, also involved in metabolism homeostasis, has been...

An increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes has been consistently observed among residents of high arsenic exposure areas. We have previously shown that in rat pancreatic beta-cells, low arsenite doses impair the secretion of insulin without altering its synthesis. To further study the mechanism by which arsenite reduces insulin secretion, we...

Calpains are nonlysosomal calcium-dependent cysteine proteases that participate in insulin secretion and action. Polymorphisms in the calpain-10 gene have been shown to increase the risk for type 2 diabetes. Since white blood cells have been used to study glucose homeostasis, the present study was carried to find out if calpains have different acti...

Chronic exposure to high concentrations of arsenic in drinking water is associated with an increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes. The present revision focuses on the effect of arsenic on tissues that participate directly in glucose homeostasis, integrating the most important published information about the impairment of the expression of ge...

Human studies have shown that chronic inorganic arsenic (iAs) exposure is associated with a high prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes. However, the mechanism(s) underlying this effect are not well understood, and practically, there is no information available on the effects of arsenic on pancreatic beta-cells functions. Thus, since insulin s...

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and familial defective apolipoprotein B-100 (FDB) are relatively common lipid disorders caused by mutations of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and apolipoprotein B (apoB) genes, respectively. A third locus on chromosome 1p34.1-p32 was recently linked to FH and the responsible gene has been identified [...

The present study determines the regulatory mechanisms that operate on Rhizobium etli glutaminase A. glsA gene expression levels were evaluated under several metabolic conditions by fusions of the glsA gene promoter and the transcriptional reporter cassette uidA2-aad. glsA expression was directly correlated to the glutaminase A activity found under...

Diverse forms of pathologies can be derived from the lack of flexibility in tissues and the absence of required concentrations of certain types of proteins (e.g., amelogenesis imperfecta). beta-spirals using canonical proline-nucleated beta-turns in diverse proteins allow for vital functions including structural (mucin and amelogenin), respiratory...

Diverse forms of pathologies can be derived from the lack of flexibility in tissues and the absence of required concentrations of certain types of proteins (e.g., amelogenesis imperfecta). β-spirals using canonical proline-nucleated β-turns in diverse proteins allow for vital functions including structural (mucin and amelogenin), respiratory (elast...