André O Simões

University of Campinas | UNICAMP · Departamento de Biologia Vegetal

Two new species of Psyllocarpus sect. Psyllocarpus, P. itakangapyra Sobrado, J.A.M.Carmo & R.M.Salas sp. nov. and P. vianae Sobrado, J.A.M.Carmo & R.M.Salas sp. nov., from the "campo rupestre" of the state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil, are here described and illustrated. We provide comments on their distribution, habitat, and preliminary co...

Gratioleae are the most species-rich tribe of Plantaginaceae in the tropics, spanning c. 30 genera and > 300 species, with a wide range of morphological variation and ecological strategies. As a first effort towards a phylogenetic classification of Gratioleae we generated a new phylogenetic hypothesis with improved taxa sampling, based on one nucle...

Spermacoceae is the largest predominantly herbaceous lineage in the Rubiaceae, and regarded as one of its most taxonomically complex and controversial tribe, especially regarding generic delimitation. Molecular phylogenies have established the concept of a broadly circumscribed Spermacoceae, which includes the genera traditionally associated with t...

Apocynaceae (the dogbane and milkweed family) is one of the ten largest flowering plant families, with approximately 5,350 species and diverse morphology and ecology, ranging from large trees and lianas that are emblematic of tropical rainforests, to herbs in temperate grasslands, to succulents in dry, open landscapes, and to vines in a wide variet...

Content: Table S1 – Species data: taxon names, clade assignment, species richness, sampling fractions, and species distribution. Table S2 – Biogeographic analyses: model comparison results (a: considered; b: incl. +J). Table S3 – Biogeographic test: model definition. Table S4 – BSM: dispersals estimated under the M1s.DEC+J model. Table S5 – Biogeo...

The canga of the Serra dos Carajás, in Eastern Amazon, is home to a unique open plant community, harboring several endemic and rare species. Although a complete flora survey has been recently published, scarce to no genetic information is available for most plant species of the ironstone outcrops of the Serra dos Carajás. In this scenario, DNA barc...

Eriosema comprises c. 150 species and has a pantropical distribution and two centres of diversity, Africa and America. The species occur in tropical savannas and grasslands, including the cerrado in Brazil. They have adapted to these environments by developing specialized underground organs, and an abundance of trichomes. Here we present the first...

Here we describe and illustrate Dizygostemon riparius (Plantaginaceae, Gratioleae) as a new species from the state of Maranhão, northeastern Brazil. We present morphological and micromorphological descriptions and comparisons, along with illustrations, photographs, and information on its taxonomy, habitat, geographic distribution and conservation s...

We describe Aspidosperma huberianum, a new species from the Brazilian Amazon. The new taxon is morphologically similar to A. darienense, but can be distinguished readily by characters of the leaf (including venation), flower (including calyx lobe number and indument of the corolla and ovary), pollen, fruit, and seed. We provide a taxonomic descript...

Philcoxia (Plantaginaceae, Gratioleae) is a genus with seven species of small herbs endemic to Brazil. It is characterized by underground stems and petioles, peltate leaves, and zigzag racemose inflorescences, in addition to a remarkable carnivorous syndrome. The phylogenetic placement of Philcoxia within tribe Gratioleae has been uncertain since i...

In this contribution, we reassess the identity of Stemodia lanceolata (Plantaginaceae) and confirm its occurrence in Brazilian territory. We present a detailed and updated description, a fine illustration, and photographs of this species, along with comments on its distribution, habitat and phenology, and notes on taxonomic affinities. Stemodia lan...

Two new species of Psyllocarpus sect. Psyllocarpus are here described and illustrated. Psyllocarpus bahiensis and Psyllocarpus scatignae, from the campo rupestre s. l. of Bahia and Minas Gerais states, respectively. We provide comments on their distribution, habitat, conservation status, and taxonomy. In addition, we analysed floral, fruit, and see...

This study presents a treatment of the species of Apocynaceae from the canga of the Serra dos Carajás, Pará. Detailed descriptions, keys for identification of genera and species, illustrations, data on geographic distribution, and morphological and ecological comments of the treated species are presented. Twenty two species and 13 genera were regis...

A new species of Stemodia (Plantaginaceae) from the Caatinga of northern Minas Gerais, Brazil, is described and illustrated. Stemodia perfoliata was first collected by Auguste de Saint-Hilaire, ca. 200 years ago, and remained unnamed until now. The new species is characterized by the connate-perfoliate leaves, a unique feature in the genus. We prov...

Ladenbergia shawistigma (Rubiaceae) is a new species from the Andean tepuis on the boundary of Loreto and San Martin departments in Peru. This new species is morphologically similar to L. moritziana and L. pauciflora, which are distributed in the Andean regions of Venezuela and Colombia, respectively. Ladenbergia shawistigma can be distinguished fr...

Psyllocarpus schwackei was described by Schumann (1898: 18), for which he cited a single collection, “in Brasiliae civitate Minas Geraes, locis arenosis in Serra do Cipo: Schwacke n, 8089, floret Aprili”. In a taxonomic revision of the genus, Kirkbride (1979) stated that the material studied by Schumann at the Botanical Museum in Berlin had been de...

Aspidosperma brasiliense, a new species from Brazil and widely distributed in the country, is described and illustrated here. A comparative table based on morphological data and an identification key to Aspidosperma brasiliense and its related species are also provided.

Variation in environmental conditions during the Quaternary period served as important filters for the maintenance of vegetation types and for determining the composition of the current biota. We analyzed oscillations in the distributions of different vegetation types in Brazil during the Quaternary period using species of the genus Erythroxylum (E...

The neotropical Rubiaceae genus Ladenbergia Klotzsch belongs to the tribe Cinchoneae and includes ca. 35 species. Its species occur mostly in South America, with few reaching Central America. Ladenbergia is centered in the Tropical Andes and is closely related to Remijia due to morphological similarities. Previous Rubiaceae phylogeny with a limited...

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivos realizar o levantamento florístico da família no município de Camanducaia, Serra da Mantiqueira, extremo sul de Minas Gerais, onde extensos remanescentes de Mata Atlântica são encontrados, e elaborar uma Chave Interativa de Entradas Múltiplas (CIEM) para a identificação das espécies. O levantamento florístico...

Psyllocarpus belongs to the Spermacoce clade and presents capsules strongly compressed parallel to the septum. In the taxonomic revision of the genus, it was classified in two sections. Psyllocarpus sect. Psyllocarpus is characterized by terete leaves, homostylous flowers, prolate-spheroidal pollen grains, nonperforated and spinulose along each sid...

The genus Philcoxia (Plantaginaceae) was published less than 20 yr ago, based on three species, and its circumscription has been broadened more recently with the description of two additional species. Here we report the discovery of two new species from the Brazilian Cerrado, bringing the number of currently known species of Philcoxia to seven. We...

The Serra do Cipó, part of the central portion of the Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais, Southeast Brazil, is known to have been extensively investigated over the past three decades, especially because of the "Flora da Serra do Cipó" project. Nevertheless, some areas have been poorly collected as the efforts were largely concentrated near the roads....

This work presents a taxonomic treatment of species of Apocynaceae occurring in Marajó Island. We analyzed materials from the herbaria IAN, INPA, MG, R, RB, SP, SPF e UEC, as well as specimens collected in three field trips made in July 2011, November 2011 and February 2012. The family is represented in the studied area by 33 species belonging to 2...

The karyotype is shaped by different chromosome rearrangements during species evolution. However, determining which rearrangements are responsible for karyotype changes is a challenging task and the combination of a robust phylogeny with refined karyotype characterization, GS measurements and bioinformatic modelling is necessary. Here, this approac...

Genbank accession for nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences used in the phylogeny. All sequences were published by [29]. (DOC)

Haploid chromosome number (n) mapped along the phylogeny. Missing data are represented as "x". (DOC)

Flow cytometry histograms. Representative flow histograms of relative fluorescence (X–axis) obtained after isolation of nuclei from Heterotaxis and M. desvauxiana with internal calibration standards, Zea mays and Vicia fava, respectively. Peaks are identified in each Fig A, Zea mays; B, H. brasiliensis; C, H. villosa; D, H. violaceopunctata; E, H....

Qualea insignis , a new species of Vochysiaceae endemic to the Serra das Confusoes area, Piaui state, Brazil, is here described and illustrated. The species is placed in Qualea sect. Costatifolium , due to the number of secondary veins/cm and the inflorescence architecture. A comparison with Q. grandiflora and Q. parviflora , the other species of t...

The Tabernaemontana genus belongs to the family Apocynaceae comprising about 100 species spread throughout tropical and subtropical regions around the world including Brazil, which contains around 40 species spread all over its territory. Because of the territorial space and climate diversity, these species already identified in Brazil are the larg...

We report the rediscovery of Philcoxia goiasensis, a rare carnivorous plant that was until recently only known from the type collection. We lectotypify the species and provide an updated description along with notes on morphology, distribution and conservation. We also present refined illustrations and the first known photographs of P. goiasensis i...

A new combination in Tabernaemontana L. for Stemmadenia glabra Benth. is proposed in order to validate the name, and the lectotype and isolectotype in the Kew herbarium (K) are designated.

Aspidosperma Mart. is one of the most important genera from Apocynaceae Juss. occurring in Brazil. It is present in many plant formations and has species with both medicinal and economic value. From a taxonomic point of view, many of its species are difficult to identify, especially those occurring in the Amazonian region. In order to complement th...

Vochysia Aublet (1775: 18) encompasses ca. 140 species, distributed from Mexico to southern Brazil. They are mainly large trees, with spurred yellow flowers, usually 3-petaled and with a single fertile stamen (Kawasaki 2007). The genus was described by Aublet (1775) in his work on plants from French Guiana as ‘ Vochy ’, taken from a native name amo...

An updated description of Galianthe vaginata is here presented. This species is endemic to the Serra da Mantiqueira and Serra do Mar, Southeast Brazil, and occurs in remnants of the Atlantic forest phytogeographic domain, in the campos de altitude, rocky outcrops, and along trails in montane rainforest. Its bracts, short-styled flowers, fruits and...

Vinceae comprises 9 genera and about 153 species. The genera differ greatly in a number of morphological traits, especially those relating to fruit and seeds, which resulted in their placement in different tribes and/or subtribes by earlier taxonomists. Here, 378 new chloroplast DNA sequences from 98 species from 5 tribes of the rauvolfioid grade w...

An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country’s biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, sh...

This study describes the ferns and Lycophythes species in Unicamp's campus with the preparation of didactical material (an illustrated guide), taxonomic keys and descriptions and a list of this species.

Philcoxia rhizomatosa, a new species of the carnivorous genus Philcoxia from tribe Gratioleae (Plantaginaceae), is here described and illustrated. The species has larger leaves than the other members of the genus, presents a conspicuous and branched rhizome and is the only one with entirely glabrous inflorescence, pedicel and calyx. This taxon is p...

Apocynaceae is one of the largest families of angiosperms. Its representatives have flowers with relatively simple morphology, ranging from anthers free from the style head to more complex flowers in which the anthers are postgenitally united with the style head, forming a gynostegium, and those with a style head that is vertically differentiated i...

• Premise of the study: Microsatellite markers were developed for the critically endangered carnivorous species Philcoxia minensis (Plantaginaceae) for further population genetic studies aiming at its conservation. • Methods and Results: We identifi ed 29 clones containing 40 microsatellites from a genomic enriched library. A total of 27 primer pai...

A new species of the Polygalaceae from the Brazilian eastern Amazon, Securidaca marajoara, is described and illustrated herein. The species is morphologically similar to S. bialata but distinct on the large, conspicuous bracts persistent at flower anthesis, long inflorescences, ovate to elliptic leaves and short internodes.

The genus Zornia has a pantropical distribution and comprises 80 species in two subgenera (Myriadena, Zornia) and three sections (Zornia, Isophylla, Anisophylla). The genus is characterized mainly by flowers arranged in a spiciform inflorescence, with paired peltate bracteoles protecting each flower, and stipules that resemble the bracteoles. Phylo...

A species inventory for the Apocynaceae s. str. occurring in the Serra da Canastra National Park, located in southwestern Minas Gerais, is presented in this study. The floristic survey reported 30 species from 13 genera. Subfamily Rauvolfioideae is represented by 11 species belonging to five genera: Aspidosperma, Condylocarpon, Hancornia, Himatanth...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The extreme complexity of asclepiad flowers (Asclepiadoideae-Apocynaceae) has generated particular interest in the pollination biology of this group of plants especially in the mechanisms involved in the pollination processes. This study compares two South American species, Morrenia odorata and Morrenia brachystephana, with resp...

Tabernaemontaneae (Rauvolfioideae, Apocynaceae) are small trees with mainly animal-dispersed fleshy fruits and arillate seeds represented in the tropics of Africa, Asia, the Pacific and America. The tribe is characterized by complex indole alkaloids, thus its species play a prominent role in traditional medicine. Taxonomically, the Tabernaemontanea...

Tabernaemontaneae (Rauvolfioideae, Apocynaceae) are small trees with mainly animal–dispersed fleshy fruits and arillate seeds represented in the tropics of Africa, Asia, the Pacific and America. The tribe is characterized by complex indole alkaloids, thus its species play a prominent role in traditional medicine. Taxonomically, the Tabernaemontanea...

Resumo Uma nova espécie de Apocynaceae, Rauvolfia anomala Rapini & I. Koch, é descrita e ilustrada. Ela foiencontrada em cerrado-anão, na Chapada dos Guimarães, estado do Mato Grosso, simpatricamente a R. weddelliana. Aparentemente, as duas espécies são proximamente relacionadas, mas podem ser facilmentedistinguidas pelas flores, cuja corola é esve...

Oito novas espécies de Mandevilla são aqui descritas e ilustradas. Estas espécies, seis das quais raras e endêmicas, ocorrem no leste do Brasil. Três espécies (M. fistulosa, M. grazielae e M. harleyi) são arbustos que ocorrem em inselbergs graníticos em Minas Gerais e Espírito Santo, no sudeste brasileiro. Mandevilla semirii e M. rubra são lianas l...

Historically, taxonomic delimitation of Mandevilla Lindley, a large Neotropical genus of Apocynaceae, has been controversial. Two competing classifications were proposed by Woodson (1933) and Pichon (1948), the former now being widely accepted by taxonomists in the family. Recent phylogenetic studies, however, support the monophyly of Mandevilla se...

In order to test the monophyly of Mandevilla Lindl., the largest genus in tribe Mesechiteae (Apocynaceae, Apocynoideae), and its affinities to other genera in the tribe, maximum parsimony analysis was conducted on a data set comprising DNA sequences from five plastid loci (rpl16, rps16, and trnK introns; trnSGCU-trnGUUC intergenic spacer; and matK...

To elucidate deeper relationships within Rauvolfioideae (Apocynaceae), a phylogenetic analysis was conducted using sequences from five DNA regions of the chloroplast genome (matK, rbcL, rpl16 intron, rps16 intron, and 39 trnK intron), as well as morphology. Bayesian and parsimony analyses were performed on sequences from 50 taxa of Rauvolfioideae a...

In order to investigate morphological patterns in Mesechiteae and test the new circumscription of the tribe, the gynostegium structure of nine species belonging to Forsteronia, Mandevilla, and Mesechites, with two species from Secondatia as outgroup, were comparatively studied. Our results support the most recent circumscription of Mesechiteae, inc...