André Redert

Rodotti

A new mortality model is presented for more objective quantification and localization in time of excess mortality. The model is just one equation, M = W*atT, with source data of mortality and temperature. Parameters represent trends over decades, seasonal/weekly variability, delay between cause and death, frailty regulating delay between excess a...

This report investigates the natural variability of mortality, which determines the thin line between excesses and normal variation within expectations. I propose a model for mortality’s weekly variability based on a Poisson model, driven by potential non-stationary influences that act nation-wide and fast, on time scales of a week. Results reveal...

This report investigates short-term causal vaccine-mortality interactions during booster campaigns in 2022 in 30 European countries (population ~530M). An infection-vaccination-mortality model is introduced with causal aspects of repeatability, random chance, temporal order and confounding. The model is simple, has few or even zero prior model para...

This report proposes a new and simple method to measure vaccination-mortality correlation, test for causality, and if passed, obtain Vaccine Fatality Ratio (VFR), in the short-term of 0-4 weeks after vaccination. Only data of weekly administered number of doses and weekly all-cause-deaths are required, without reference to e.g. mortality prognoses,...

We analyse the relation between covid-19 vaccinations and all-cause-mortality in N=340 Dutch municipalities (17.3M people, ~99% of population), during the entire pandemic period. We do not use covid-19-attributed mortality, mortality predictions and excess mortality, thereby bypassing the ambiguities of case-identification and mortality-modeling. M...

A multi-view autostereoscopic display device comprises: a backlight having a plurality of backlight areas arranged in a width direction of the display device; a spatial light modulator arranged over and in registration with the backlight, the spatial light modulator having an array of display forming elements arranged in rows and columns for modula...

A method and device for generating and/or displaying 3D images include temporarily increasing the depth of content of an image or a part of an image to a high level and afterward the depth of content is decreased to a low level. This temporary increase of the depth of content renders a large 3D effect to the image or the part of the image to which...

The invention provides a system (102) for accurately detecting a patient's (114) movement during imaging procedures. The system comprises a camera (126) for providing a stream of camera images of a part of a patient's exterior (206). The system (102) furthermore comprises a fiducial element (116), which fiducial element (116) is mountable on said p...

In this paper, we describe a system that performs online transformation estimation between pre-calibrated stereo cameras. This allows the stereo cameras to be moved around and automatically re-calibrated without the use of a calibration object. This also allows the set-up to recover from accidental nudges that invalidate the extrinsic (external to...

Reconstruction of 3D scene geometry is an important element for scene understanding, autonomous vehicle and robot navigation, image retrieval, and 3D television. We propose accounting for the inherent structure of the visual world when trying to solve the scene reconstruction problem. Consequently, we identify geometric scene categorization as the...

In this paper we present a framework for the rendering of scenes for 3DTV applications. The goal of our work is to investigate ways to generate virtual views of a scene captured using a relatively small number of real cameras. The approach adopted uses per-pixel operations and therefore is suitable for fast parallel implementation. A depth map is i...

Images are the projection of three-dimensional (3D) real-world scenes onto a two-dimensional (2D) plane. As a result of this planar projection, images do not contain explicit depth information of objects in the scene. Only by indirect cues such as relative object size, sharpness and interposition (objects partly occluding each other), shadows, pers...

We identify scene categorization as the first step towards efficient and robust depth estimation from single images. Categorizing the scene into one of the geometric classes greatly reduces the possibilities in subsequent phases. To that end, we introduce 15 typical 3D scene geometries, called stages, each having a unique depth profile and roughly...

Philips provides autostereoscopic three-dimensional display systems that will bring the next leap in visual experience, adding true depth to video systems. We identified three challenges specifically for 3D image processing: 1) bandwidth and complexity of 3D images, 2) conversion of 2D to 3D content, and 3) object-based image/depth processing. We d...

Recently, methods for estimating 3D scene geometry or absolute scene depth information from 2D image content have been proposed. However, general applicability of these methods in depth estimation may not be realizable, as inconsistencies may be introduced due to a large variety of possible pictorial content. We identify scene categorization as the...

Philips is realizing an end-to-end 3D display solution from 3D content creation to visualization. This development fits in our long-standing tradition of combining expertise in video processing with our strength in display development to create the most exciting and best viewing experience. Philips developed several high-quality 3D displays, rangin...

This paper describes a non-intrusive method to estimate the gaze direction of a person by using stereo cameras. First, facial features are tracked with an adapted particle filtering algorithm using factorized likelihoods to estimate the 3D head pose. Next the 3D gaze vector is calculated by estimating the eyeball center and the cornea center of bot...

A new method is presented for extracting the musical key from raw audio data. The method is based on the extrac- tion of chromagrams using a new approach for tonal com- ponent selection taking into account auditory masking. The extracted chromagrams were used to train three key proles for major and three key proles for minor keys. The three trained...

Our aim is to insert depth information into an existing 2D video sequence to provide content for 3D-TV applications, which we try to achieve through segmentation of the objects in the given 2D video sequence. To this effect, we present a method for temporal stabilization of video object segmentation algorithms for 3D-TV applications. First, two qua...

We present a method for improving the temporal stability of video object segmentation algorithms for 3D-TV applications. First, two quantitative measures to evaluate temporal stability without ground-truth are presented. Then, a pseudo-3D curve evolution method, which spatio-temporally stabilizes the estimated object segments is introduced. Tempora...

We propose the 'Dynamic Dimension' system that enables simultaneous viewing of 3D and monoscopic content on glasses-based stereo displays (e.g. CRT, Plasma, LCD). A viewer can choose to wear glasses and see content in 3D, or he may decide not to wear glasses, and see high-quality monoscopic content. The Dynamic Dimension system is based on simple i...

This paper describes a robust eye tracking algorithm designed for complex indoor situations. A well known method often used for eye detection is to use a structured infrared lighting scheme which exploits the bright and dark pupil effect. Although methods based on this principle are very robust, they usually fail as a cause of rapid head movement o...

In this paper, we discuss the challenge of 3DTV and present our requirements for a novel threedimensional video format. We will show that the ad-hoc stereoscopic video format does not provide the necessary flexibility towards user interactivity and non-stereo based 3D displays.

We design a new scheme for the accurate localization of markers in images of calibration plates. This forms the basis of so-called fixed or strong camera calibration methods. We focus on the most widely used plates with circular markers arranged in a regular grid. Our algorithm is fully automatic and very robust. We assess its results by using synt...

We describe the goals of the ATTEST project, which started in March 2002 as part of the Information Society Technologies (IST) programme, sponsored by the European Commission. In the 2-year project, several industrial and academic partners cooperate towards a flexible, 2D-compatible and commercially feasible 3D-TV system-for broadcast environments....

We describe the goals of the ATTEST project, which started in March 2002 as part of the Information Society Technologies (IST) programme, sponsored by the European Commission. In the 2-year project, several industrial and academic partners cooperate towards a flexible, 2D-compatible and commercially feasible 3D- TV system for broadcast environments...

We propose a generic algorithm for the geometrically correct reconstruction of 3-D scenes on stereo displays with viewpoint adaptation. This forms the basis of multiviewpoint systems, which are currently the most promising candidates for real-time implementations of 3-D visual communication systems. The reconstruction algorithm needs 3-D tracking o...

In this paper a system is described for the automatic generation of a specific semantic 3D model of a human face from a recorded stereoscopic image sequence. In the acquisition stage a calibrated stereoscopic camera records the specific face. After rectification of the image sequences a dense disparity field is estimated using a Markov Random Field...

This paper describes a hardware system and the underlying algorithms that were developed for realtime stereoscopic videoconferencing with viewpoint adaptation within the European PANORAMA project. The goal was to achieve a true telepresence illusion for the remote partners. For this purpose, intermediate views at arbitrary positions must be synthes...

The estimation of correspondences in natural image pairs plays an important role in a large number of applications such as video coding, frame rate conversion, multi-viewpoint image generation, camera calibration, 3D from stereo, and structure from motion. An overview of the techniques for dense geometric correspondence estimation is presented. Dif...

In this paper we address the real time synthesis of virtual vies for multi viewpoint stereoscopic systems. For the viewpoint dependent generation of virtual vies two approaches can be adopted; a dynamic 3D-model reconstruction of the recorded scene from which the desired virtual views are derived or a disparity compensated interpolation strategy. T...

Near-infrared (NIR) spectra have been measured for albumin and γ-globulin in a powder state as well as in phosphate buffer solutions. The second derivative spectra of powder samples have been used to make assignments of NIR bands of the proteins. The second derivative spectra of albumin and γ-globulin are significantly different from each other in...

In this paper we present a new disparity estimation algorithm. The algorithm combines the low computational load of Viterbi algorithm approaches with field consistency in all directions found in Markov Random Field approaches. The key step in the algorithm is the application of the Viterbi algorithm orthogonal to the epipolar lines in stead of para...

In this paper we present a new method for the self calibration of a stereo camera pair including lens distortion. A single stereo image pair is used without calibration object or prior knowledge of the scene. The method is based on the estimation of a stereo image correspondence field followed by extraction of the calibration parameters. The corres...

This paper describes the motivation, goal and methods of a project on 3D video acquisition. The project runs in 2006-2009, and combines the expertise of Philips, active in consumer 3DTV applications, and Delft University of Technology, active in general image processing and 3D multi-camera processing. We focus on 3DTV and medical applications, for...

This paper describes a hardware system and the underlying algorithms that were developed for realtime stereoscopic videoconferencing with viewpoint adaptation within the European PANORAMA project. The goal was to achieve a true telepresence illusion for the remote partners. For this purpose, intermediate views at arbitrary positions must be synthes...

In this paper we present a system for accurate 3D tracking of pupils of human eyes. In multi viewpoint video systems, this information is needed to present 3D scenes correctly to the viewer on a stereo display. The system input is a stereo image sequence, taken from the viewer by cameras at the sides of the display. The system is based on four step...

In this paper we present an efficient disparity map format that has been developed in the European ACTS project PANORAMA for stereoscopic multi viewpoint video systems. This new map, the chain map, has several advantages compared to the usual disparity vector fields. It is a very efficient, single bidirectional map, with explicit indication of occl...

We present an algorithm for the synthesis of multi viewpoint images at non-intermediate positions, based on stereoscopic images. We consider the synthesis of images from virtual camera positions and the synthesis of images for scene reconstruction using stereo displays. The algorithm provides scene reconstruction without geometric distortion and wi...

In this paper we present an algorithm for the synthesis of multi viewpoint images at non-intermediate positions, based on stereoscopic images. We consider the synthesis of images from virtual camera positions and the synthesis of images for scene reconstruction using stereo displays. The algorithm provides scene reconstruction without geometric dis...

In this paper we present a combination of three steps to code a disparity map for 3D teleconferencing applications. First we introduce a new disparity map format, the chain map, which has a very low inherent redundancy. Additional advantages of this map are: one single bidirectional map in stead of the usual two unidirectional vector fields, explic...

A biomechanical model of the lower urinary tract which is able to respond to input signals from a neural network is presented. The neural input is the starting point in the description of the relationships between the various physical parameters in the mechanical model of the bladder and the urethra. The cybernetics of the lower urinary tract are d...

We investigate the acquisition of 3-D scenes by a single hand-held camera. The camera is mounted on a special device with four mirrors, enabling stereo capturing of the scene. We will discuss the signal processing tasks involved, camera calibration and correspondence estimation, and show that both of them benefit from the use of the device. Specifi...

In this paper we present a new method for the selfcalibration of a stereo camera pair including lens distortion. A single stereo image pair is used without calibration object or prior knowledge of the scene. The method is based on the estimation of a stereo image correspondence field followed by extraction of the calibration parameters. The corresp...

this document we will describe the algorithmic aspects of the acquisition and presentationparts in the system. The acquisition includes camera setup [7] and disparity estimator [3].The presentation includes headtracker [2][4], interpolator [5] and display [1].The goal of the document is to give a feasible solution for D video of good quality givent...