Andre Aptroot

Laboratório de Botânica/Liquenologia · UFMS Campo Grande

This article is the 14th in the Fungal Diversity Notes series, wherein we report 98 taxa distributed in two phyla, seven classes, 26 orders and 50 families which are described and illustrated. Taxa in this study were collected from Australia, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Chile, China, Cyprus, Egypt, France, French Guiana, India, Indonesia, Italy, Laos, Me...

Two new species of Astrothelium are described from the Yungas forest in Bolivian Andes. Astrothelium chulumanense is characterised by pseudostromata concolorous with the thallus, perithecia immersed for the most part, with the upper portion elevated above the thallus and covered, except the tops, with orange pigment, apical and fused ostioles, the...

Four new species of Tephromela M.Choisy are described here. Three are corticolous species from Brazil: T. multireflexa Aptroot & M.F.Souza, sp. nov., collected in the Chapada dos Guimares, municipality of Cuiab, a Cerrado region in the state of Mato Grosso; T. obesimarginata L.A.Santos, Aptroot & M.Cceres, sp. nov., collected in Caraa, in Campo rup...

Nineteen mostly dothideomycetous lignicolous ascomycetes are reported from Brazil. One species, Melomastia septemseptata sp. nov., is newly described. It is corticolous in Cerrado. Twelve are new records to South America, one is new to Brazil and six are new records for the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Most species were from the Cerrado biome but t...

Revisions of British and Irish Lichens

Ascomycota account for about two-thirds of named fungal species.¹ Over 98% of known Ascomycota belong to the Pezizomycotina, including many economically important species as well as diverse pathogens, decomposers, and mutualistic symbionts.² Our understanding of Pezizomycotina evolution has until now been based on sampling traditionally well-define...

Dirina paradoxa, Heterocyphelium triseptatum, Julella sublactea, Opegrapha aurantiaca, Peltula steppae, Sarcographina cyclospora and Schistophoron tenue are reported for the first time in Colombia. The genera Dirina, Heterocyphelium Sarcographina and Schistophoron are reported for the first time in Colombia. These lichens mainly originate from dry...

The lichenized fungal genus Astrothelium is an important element of crustose lichen communities in tropical to subtropical forests. Morphological and molecular phylogenetic approaches to investigate species diversity of Astrothelium (Trypetheliaceae) from Southern China were carried out in this study. Bayesian and maximum-likelihood (ML) analyses w...

Mycocaliciales comprise non-lichenized either saprotrophic or lichenicolous fungi which occur in temperate and tropical regions. The mazaediate, saprotrophic and monospecific genus, Pyrgidium, is currently assigned to this order, yet the phylogenetic placement of the genus has remained uncertain due to the absence of molecular data. In order to inv...

We report a record lichen biodiversity from a small area in the Brazilian Amazon, with 492 identifiable lichen species within nine hectares of protected forest, in the Cristalino Reserve in Mato Grosso, Brazil, collected during one week. This is already an absolute world record, but given our observations while in the field, and the fact that we sa...

As part of ongoing studies of the lichenized mycobiota of the Aotearoa / New Zealand archipelago we provide formal documentation of the occurrence of Alyxoria ochrocheila, Anisomeridium anisolobum, Fissurina dumastii, Porina americana and Zwackhia viridis. Through their formal documentation in peer-reviewed literature these species can now be accep...

A species in the genus Physcia was collected from dry temperate ecozones of Pakistan. The critical morpho-anatomical comparison to the known species of the genus revealed it to be P. vitii. Its existence here indicates that it is first report from South Asia and also here been described for the first time on the basis of ITS marker. A taxonomic tre...

Asexually reproducing fungi play a significant role in essential processes in managed and wild ecosystems such as nutrients cycling and multitrophic interactions. A large number of such taxa are among the most notorious plant and animal pathogens. In addition, they have a key role in food production, biotechnology and medicine. Taxa without or rare...

Five Graphis species are reported as new to Europe from the Mata Nacional do Buçaco, a region in Portugal where graphidoid Graphidaceae are abundant and diverse. The following species were identified: Graphis dendrogramma , G. duplicata , G. gonimica , G. librata and G. pyrrhocheiloides . An updated key is given to the Graphis species known from Eu...

As part of a revision of the genus Acanthothecis s. lat. ( Graphidaceae ) in Brazil, an updated world key to the known species of the genus is presented. From Brazil, the following ten new species are described: A. latispora , with single-spored asci, large, muriform ascospores, and norstictic and stictic acids; A. megalospora, with single-spored a...

This paper provides an updated classification of the Kingdom Fungi (including fossil fungi) and fungus-like taxa. Five-hundred and twenty-three (535) notes are provided for newly introduced taxa and for changes that have been made since the previous outline. In the discussion, the latest taxonomic changes in Basidiomycota are provided and the class...

The species of Heterodermia in Brazil have been revised based on literature reports, public databases and examination of 500 recent specimens from 15 states. So far, 43 species have been reported in the literature, two of which are not accepted here. We report 10 additional species from Brazil and describe 15 new to science, mostly from the Atlanti...

We present the first broad molecular-phylogenetic revision of the lichenized family Gomphillaceae, based on 408 newly generated sequences of the mitochondrial SSU rDNA and nuclear LSU rDNA, representing 342 OTUs. The phylogenetic analysis of 20 out of the 28 currently accepted genera resulted in 48 clades. Twelve genera were resolved as monophyleti...

Fungi are vital functional members of the biosphere, playing a crucial role in sustaining ecosystems by maintaining the nutrient balance. Many studies have verified the abundance of fungi across all-natural ecosystems and habitats, such as in forests, fresh-water (including both lentic or lotic), marine environments and deserts. With the focus prev...

Cryptogamic organisms such as bryophytes and lichens cover most surfaces within tropical forests, yet their impact on the emission of biogenic volatile organic compounds is unknown. These compounds can strongly influence atmospheric oxidant levels as well as secondary organic aerosol concentrations, and forest canopy leaves have been considered the...

El objetivo de este trabajo fue documentar la diversidad de líquenes cortícolas en el Chocó biogeográfico del Valle del Cauca, con descripciones breves de especies encontradas a lo largo de un gradiente altitudinal (0-3650 m). Se recolectaron ca. 3000 ejemplares, pertenecientes a 39 familias, 126 géneros y 750 especies. Las formas dominantes fueron...

Four new crustose lichens are described from the coastal area in Paran (Brazil): Cryptothecia duplofluorescens Aptroot & M.F.Souza, sp. nov., Herpothallon purpureum Aptroot & M.F.Souza, sp. nov., Myriostigma xanthominiatum Aptroot & M.F.Souza, sp. nov., and Wirthiotrema xanthopustulatum Aptroot & M.F.Souza, sp. nov. In addition, a list is given of...

Mycotaxon is pleased to add a new annotated species distribution list to our 146 previously posted free-access fungae. The 39-page "Checklist of the lichens of The Reserva Florestal Adolphe Ducke in Manaus" by Aptroot, Cavalcante, Santos, Junior, Lima, and Cáceres may be downloaded from our website via http://www.mycotaxon.com/mycobiota/index.html

The following seven new species of pyrenocarpous lichens are described from Monte Pascoal in Bahia (Brazil): Astrothelium citrisporum Aptroot, Oliveira-Junior & M.Cceres, with thallus ochraceous, UV-negative, ascomata fused in hemispherical, concolorous pseudostromata, hamathecium not inspersed, and ascospores submuriform, 5 12-septate, 3540 1820 m...

Three species of lichens are described as new from the Chapada dos Guimarães in Mato Grosso (Brazil): Astrothelium muriconicum Aptroot & M.F.Souza, sp. nov. which is the first species in the core group of the genus, the A. conicum-group, with muriform ascospores; Gassicurtia lopesiana M.F.Souza & Aptroot, sp. nov. which is characterized by red apot...

Saxicolous lichens were investigated for the first time in the southern reaches of the Caatinga biome in Sergipe, NE Brazil. Only 20 species could be identified, and three more are described as new to science: Cresponea quinqueseptata Aptroot & M.Cceres, sp. nov. with 5-septate ascospores and yellow pruinose discs; Fulgogasparrea intensa Aptroot &...

A detailed mapping of the epiphytic lichens and bryophytes of the National Park Kennemerduinen in 2019

A detailed mapping of the epiphytic lichens and bryophytes in the Nature Reserve Noordhollands Duinreservaat, with comparison with similar mappings dating c. 10, 15, 20 and 30 years back.

Mycotaxon is pleased to add a new annotated species distribution list to our 144 previously posted free access fungae. The 49-page "Lichens from Brazil: a checklist of lichenized fungi from Acre, in the Amazon" by Aptroot, Santos, Oliveira, Cavalcante, and Cáceres may be downloaded from our website via http://www.mycotaxon.com/mycobiota/index.html

Optimal sexual reproduction in relation to fire effects varies in Fabaceae species. Calliandra species have a large investment in reproduction. We investigated the consequences of fire during the fruiting period of Calliandra parviflora Benth., by checking fruit exposure to fire, pre‐dispersal seed predator infestation, and the effect of fruit burn...

Se reportan por primera vez en Colombia las especies de líquenes Bapalmuia costaricensis Lücking & Kalb, Herpothallon confluenticum Aptroot & Lücking, Herpothallon nigroisidiatum G. Thor. y Herpothallon rubromaculatum G. Thor, y por primera vez en Suramérica Pyrenula cryptothelia (Müll. Arg.) Aptroot & Etayo. Estos nuevos registros provienen del bo...

Lichens are unequivocally responding to global change. Direct effects are so far apparent during the past three decades (since c. 1990) and in the temperate regions only. Interestingly, contrasting responses of lichens and other cryptogams to recent changes have been reported. Lichens have indirectly suffered from global change effects in arctic re...

This chapter presents a survey of species of lichenized Ascomycota from the Pantanal compiling published data and adding new information. The first records of lichenized fungi from the Pantanal were made by Malme between 1892 and 1894, visiting Corumbá and surroundings. After that, a long time passed before Kalb, Marcelli, Riquelme, Fleig, and Hond...

Numerous new taxa and classifications of Dothideomycetes have been published following the last monograph of families of Dothideomycetes in 2013. A recent publication by Honsanan et al. in 2020 expanded information of families in Dothideomycetidae and Pleosporomycetidae with modern classifications. In this paper, we provide a refined updated docume...

Historical and recent material of Bacidia akompsa (basionym: Biatora akompsa) was studied to determine the taxonomic position of this crustose lichen, prompted by the appearance of the provisional name ''Lecanactis akompsa (Tuck.) ined.'' in multiple online lichen databases and checklists. Initial morphological assessment of verified material confi...

A contribution to the lichen flora of Turkey is presented. A total of 282 lichen taxa and 20 lichenicolous fungi, of which 4 are varieties, are determined from 87 different localities in Muş province (Turkey). Lichenostigmagracile, a lichenicolous fungus, is new to Turkey, and 274 lichen species and 20 lichenicolous fungi are new for Muş.

Two lichenicolous fungi are described as new to science from Brazil: Cryptodiscus gassicurtiae on Gassicurtia coccinea from Alagoas, with very small (60–150 µm diam.), grey to brownish apothecia, and Stigmidium anguinellicola on Nyungwea anguinella from Sergipe, without black patches on the host, and ascospores with halo, 8–11 × 3–3.5 µm. Nine furt...

As a result of lichenological exploration in Bitlis province (Turkey), a total of 325 lichens and 21 lichenicolous fungi, which are belonging 113 genera in Ascomycota were determined from 92 different localities. Buellia vouauxii, a lichenicolous fungus, and is new to Turkey and also new for Asia. Aspicilia glomerulans, Llimoniella muralicola, Myri...

The website http://outlineoffungi.org, is launched to provide a continuous up-to-date classification of the kingdom Fungi (including fossil fungi) and fungus-like taxa. This is based on 1516 recent publications and on the outline of fungi and fungus-like taxa published recently (Mycosphere 11, 1060-1456, Doi: 10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8). The website...

The humid tropical and subtropical forests in South China harbour a rich diversity of crustose lichens. As a result of taxonomic studies of Anisomeridium, two species new to science are described. Comparisons and discussions with similar species are given. In addition, a key to the species of Anisomeridium in China is also provided.

Revisions of British and Irish Lichens, Volume 1, Arthoniales: Arthoniaceae. Revisions of British and Irish Lichens is a free-to-access serial publication under the auspices of the British Lichen Society, that charts changes in our understanding of the lichens and lichenicolous fungi of Great Britain and Ireland. Each volume will be devoted to a pa...

A new species of Synarthonia , S. leproidica , is described from Luxembourg. Phylogenetic analyses of mtSSU and RPB 2 sequences were used to determine the generic affiliation of this sterile species. Synarthonia leproidica differs from all other species of the genus by the combination of a leproid thallus and the production of psoromic acid. It is...

Phyllobaeis is mainly a Neotropical genus and contains six species. It has a squamulose primary thallus (except for one species with crustose primary thallus), stipitate podetia, and simple or 1-septate hyaline, ovoid to fusiform ascospores. The species occur mainly on soil in altitudes of 700 to 4,400 m. In Brazil three species are known, recorded...

Strigula sensu lato has been previously defined based on phenotype characters as a rather broad genus including tropical to temperate species growing on a wide array of substrata. In this study, based on a multilocus phylogenetic approach, we show that foliicolous species form six well-delimited clades that correlate with diagnostic phenotype featu...

Lichens of the Ramalina siliquosa complex dominate seashore cliffs in Europe and South-East Asia, but their taxonomy has been vigorously debated for over a century. On many cliffs, they exhibit a bewildering zonation of chemotypes that resembles the classic zonation of organisms that occupy the littoral zone below. Do the chemotypes represent separ...

This article provides an outline of the classification of the kingdom Fungi (including fossil fungi. i.e. dispersed spores, mycelia, sporophores, mycorrhizas). We treat 19 phyla of fungi. These are Aphelidiomycota, Ascomycota, Basidiobolomycota, Basidiomycota, Blastocladiomycota, Calcarisporiellomycota, Caulochytriomycota, Chytridiomycota, Entomoph...

This article provides an outline of the classification of the kingdom Fungi (including fossil fungi. i.e. dispersed spores, mycelia, sporophores, mycorrhizas). We treat 19 phyla of fungi. These are Aphelidiomycota, Ascomycota, Basidiobolomycota, Basidiomycota, Blastocladiomycota, Calcarisporiellomycota, Caulochytriomycota, Chytridiomycota, Entomoph...

During ecological studies on corticolous lichens in Restinga vegetation in northeastern Brazil, many species of crustose Caliciaceae formerly placed in the collective genus Buellia s.l. were collected. A new species was discovered and is described here—Gassicurtia restingiana D.S.Andrade, M.Cáceres & Aptroot differs from G. catasema in the absence...

New collections are reported of the monospecific genus Polypyrenula , an apparently extinct and doubtfully lichenized fungus, typically classified in the Pyrenulaceae . Anatomical studies reveal that it is facultatively lichenized. The structure of its hamathecium suggests affinities with Dothideomycetes rather than Eurotiomycetes. Molecular analys...

Together with Graphidaceae and Trypetheliaceae, Pyrenulaceae forms part of the "big three", the three most speciose, chiefly tropical microlichen families. Microlichens are the most diverse component of tropical lichen communities, with numerous species still to be discovered. Following previous analyses of Graphidaceae and Trypetheliaceae, here we...

During a workshop in Hordaland with invited international experts, we found 13 ascomycete species new to Norway (Cucurbitaria pulveracea, Dothidotthia ramulicola, Dothivalsaria megalospora, Julella macrospora, Lentomitella investita, Mycoporum sparsellum, Nigrograna mycophila, Ptychographa xylographoides, Rutstroemia tiliacea, Saccardoёlla canadens...

The new species Ikaeria serusiauxii (Teloschistaceae, lichenized Ascomycetes) is described from the Madeira Archipelago, Canary Islands and continental Portugal. It is a crustose lichen on twigs and branches of trees and shrubs in xerophytic maritime vegetation. Superficially it is similar to Caloplaca cerina and C. haematites, from which it differ...

The new species Enterographa serusiauxii (crustose Roccellaceae, lichenized Ascomycetes) is described from Guadeloupe. It grows abundantly on leaves of Garcinia humilis and Calophyllum calaba in coastal vegetation. It was already collected in the previous century by Le Gallo, but these specimens were only identified recently by us. In 2019 it was r...

Thirteen new species are formally described: Cortinarius brunneocarpus from Pakistan, C. lilacinoarmillatus from India, Curvularia khuzestanica on Atriplex lentiformis from Iran, Gloeocantharellus neoechinosporus from China, Laboulbenia bernaliana on species of Apenes, Apristus, and Philophuga (Coleoptera, Carabidae) from Nicaragua and Panama, L. o...

Three species of lichenized basidiomycetes in the Dictyonema clade from southeastern North America are described as new to science: Cyphellostereum georgianum , C. jamesianum and Dictyonema lawreyi , all with a crustose-filamentous growth form. Based on ITS sequences, the species form well-supported monophyletic clades in a phylogeny and are repres...

We provide an updated survey for Sri Lanka of species of Graphis sensu Staiger, recently divided into Graphis s. str. and Allographa , including brief descriptions and a key to all 124 species currently known. Six new species are described: Allographa bambusicola Weerakoon, Lücking & Aptroot, a bambusicolous Allographa with entire labia, a laterall...

Molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed a high diversity of unrecognized species of Lecanora s.l. in Brazil, with many near-cryptic species that require a combined analysis of morphology, secondary metabolites and molecular sequences for accurate delimitation. In this study, a new species of Lecanora is described which is morphologically close to...

Phylogenetic studies revealed a high level of diversity within the lichen-forming fungus so far identified with the name Maronina multifera (Protoparmelioideae, Parmeliaceae), currently accommodated in the genus Neoprotoparmelia. Here, six new species of Neoprotoparmelia are described as new to science based on morphological and molecular data, mos...

Pyrenula (Pyrenulaceae) is a poorly studied genus of lichenized mycobiota in New Zealand. Following the sampling of lichens from over 50 vegetation plots established within the Auckland Region by the Auckland Council, we have recognised a further five species of Pyrenula: P. leucostoma (Zahlbr.) R. C. Harris, P. microcarpa Müll. Arg., P. pyrenuloid...