Anchali Krisanachinda

Chulalongkorn University · Department of Radiology

The Association of South-East Asian Nations, ASEAN, was established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand, with the Bangkok Declaration signed by the Founders of ASEAN, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Brunei Darussalam, Viet Nam, Lao PDR and Myanmar, and Cambodia were later joined, making up what is today the ten Me...

Purpose To establish national diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in Thailand for lesions of different complexity. Methods Radiation dose quantity as kerma-area-product (KAP) and cumulative air-kerma at reference point (CAK) from 76 catheterization labs in 38 hospitals in PCI registry of Thailand was tra...

Purpose: The effects of tube potential selection with a Computed Tomography (CT) Automatic Tube Current Modulation (ATCM) system on radiation dose and image quality have been investigated on a Canon CT scanner. The use of different values of tube voltage for imaging and the appropriate settings of the ATCM system were evaluated. Methods: The cus...

Automatic tube current modulation (ATCM) is now available on all computed tomography (CT) scanners, but there is no standard phantom for testing its operation. For this study, a phantom comprising five elliptical sections of varying diameters in the shape of a pagoda has been made to represent the range of sizes for patients in Thailand and the Far...

Background/Aim: A newly introduced tungsten-containing rubber is a potentially useful shielding material against radiation from radionuclides because it is lead-free, containing as much as 90% fine tungsten powder by weight. This study aimed to investigate the shielding efficiency and usefulness of tungsten-containing rubber against radiation from...

Feasibility of a tungsten rubber grid collimator for electron grid therapy

This study investigates whether a novel tungsten-containing rubber shield could be used as substitute shielding material in interventional radiology to reduce the occupational exposure of operators to scattered radiation from a patient. The tungsten-containing rubber is a lead-free radiation-shielding material that contains as much as 90% tungsten...

Radiation shielding efficiency of tungsten rubber in interventional radiology

Feasibility Study of Nevel Tungsten Shielding Material for Electron Radiation Therapy

This policy statement, which is the sixth of a series of documents prepared by the Asia-Oceania Federation of Organizations for Medical Physics (AFOMP) Professional Development Committee, gives guidance on how medical physicists in AFOMP countries should conduct themselves in an ethical manner in their professional practice (Ng et al. in Australas...

Purpose: Neurointerventional radiology procedures often require a long time to perform. Patient radiation dose is an important issue due to the hazards of ionizing radiation. The objective of this study was to measure the peak skin dose (PSD) and effective dose to estimate the deterministic and stochastic effects of a therapeutic interventional neu...

Background and study aims Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is commonly performed in a prone or left lateral decubitus (LLD) position. The ocular lens equivalent doses between the two positions may be different because in the LLD position the tube voltage will automatically increase to maintain the image quality, and the increas...

Purpose: To estimate the cumulative radiation exposure and lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of radiation-induced cancer from computed tomographic (CT) scanning of adult patients with multiple-injury traumas. Methods: The study comprises 328 multiple-injury adult patients who underwent diagnostic CT during 2013. Each patient's cumulative CT radia...

Medical Physics education and clinical training should be available at the university with the attachment in clinical practice at department of radiology. The curriculum should cover physics in all three specialties of radiation oncology, diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine. Anatomy and physiology for medical physicist, Radiation physics, Rad...

As medical technology evolves and patient needs increase, the need for well-trained and highly professional medical physicists (MPs) becomes even more urgent. The roles and responsibilities of MPs in various departments within the hospital are diverse and demanding. It is obvious that training, continuing education and professional development of M...

Purpose: To determine the eye lens dose of the Interventional Cardiology (IC) personnel using optically stimulated luminescent dosimeter (OSLD) and the prevalence and risk of radiation - associated lens opacities in Thailand. Methods and results: 48 IC staff, with age- and sex- matches 37 unexposed controls obtained eye examines. Posterior lens...

Workers involved in interventional cardiology procedures receive high eye lens doses if radiation protection tools are not properly utilized. Currently, there is no suitable method for routine measurement of eye dose. In Thailand, the eye lens equivalent doses in terms of Hp(3) of the interventional cardiologists, nurses, and radiographers particip...

Background: Radiation exposure because of medical imaging is a public safety concern. Objective: To optimize a protocol for multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) of the chest with pulmonary nodules based on targeted standard deviation (SD) to achieve minimal patient radiation exposure, while maintaining acceptable diagnostic information. Method...

Accurate quantitation of activity provides the basis for internal dosimetry of targeted radionuclide therapies. This study investigated quantitative imaging capabilities at sites with a variety of experience and equipment and assessed levels of errors in activity quantitation in Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) and planar imaging....

The 64-row multidetector computed tomography angiography (64-MDCTA) provides vascular image quality of the brain similar to digital subtraction angiography (DSA), but the effective dose of CTA is lower than DSA studied in phantom. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effective dose from 64-MDCTA and DSA. Effective dose (according to ICRP 10...

To determine the average glandular dose and entrance surface air kerma in both phantoms and patients to assess image quality for different target-filters (W/Rh and W/Ag) in digital mammography system. The compressed breast thickness, compression force, average glandular dose, entrance surface air kerma, peak kilovoltage and tube current time were r...

It was the aim of this work to assess and track the workload, working conditions and professional recognition of radiation oncology medical physicists (ROMPs) in the Asia Pacific region over time. In this third survey since 2008, a structured questionnaire was mailed in 2014 to 22 senior medical physicists representing 23 countries. As in previous...

This policy statement, which is the fifth of a series of documents being prepared by the Asia-Oceania Federation of Organizations for Medical Physics Professional Development Committee, gives guidance on how clinical medical physicists' careers should progress from their initial training to career end. It is not intended to be prescriptive as in so...

The history of medical physics in Asia-Oceania goes back to the late nineteenth century when X-ray imaging was introduced, although medical physicists were not appointed until much later. Medical physics developed very quickly in some countries, but in others the socio-economic situation as such prevented it being established for many years. In oth...

Objective: To compare multidetector CT (MDCT) radiation doses between default settings and a revised dose reduction protocol and to determine whether the diagnostic confidence can be maintained with imaging quality made under the revised protocol in paediatric head, chest and abdominal CT studies. Methods: The study retrospectively reviewed head...

The International Organization for Medical Physics (IOMP) represents nearly 20,000 medical physicists worldwide and 82 adhering national member organizations. The mission of IOMP is to advance medical physics practice worldwide. The following article presents the official Bulletin of the IOMP – electronic Medical Physics World (eMPW). Initially sta...

This policy statement, which is the fourth of a series of documents being prepared by the Asia-Oceania Federation of Organizations for Medical Physics Committees Professional Development Committee, gives guidance on how member countries could develop a continuing professional development system for ensuring that its clinical medical physicists are...

This study presents an automatic method to trace the boundary of the tumour in positron emission tomography (PET) images. It has been discovered that Otsu's threshold value is biased when the within-class variances between the object and the background are significantly different. To solve the problem, a double-stage threshold search that minimizes...

Medical physicists are essential members of the radiation oncology team. Given the increasing complexity of radiotherapy delivery, it is important to ensure adequate training and staffing. The aim of the present study was to update a similar survey from 2008 and assess the situation of medical physicists in the large and diverse Asia Pacific region...

AFOMP recognizes that clinical medical physicists should demonstrate that they are competent to practice their profession by obtaining appropriate education, training and supervised experience in the specialties of medical physics in which they practice, as well as having a basic knowledge of other specialties. To help its member countries to achie...

Background: Radiation dose is best estimated by the Dose Area Product (DAP), the absorbed dose to air, multiplied by the X-ray beam cross-sectional area at the point of measurement. Interventional cardiologists should be made aware of the exposures to patients and how they compare to established norms. Objective: We assessed patient doses during co...

The use of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) system has heightened the need for medical diagnosis. However, the patient dose is increasing in comparison to whole-body PET/CT dose. The aim of this study is to determine the patient effective dose in 35 oncology Thai patients with the age range of 28–60 y from PET scan using [f...

This document is the second of a series of policy statements being issued by the Asia-Oceania Federation of Organizations for Medical Physics (AFOMP). The document was developed by the AFOMP Professional Development Committee (PDC) and was released by the AFOMP Council in 2009. The main purpose of the document is to give guidance as to how many med...

Recently medical practice has been experienced tremendous improvements either in diagnosis and treatment of human disease developing and introducing in the clinical practice new technologies and methods. Medical physicists (MPs) have surely played a central role in this process contributing to research activities and applying physics and advanced t...

The Association of South- East Asian Nations (ASEAN) established in 1967 comprises 10 countries located in South East Asia. Eight countries with Medical Physicists are Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam where Cambodia and Laos have no medical physicists. The South East Asian Federation of Organizatio...

This document is the first of a series of policy statements being issued by the Asia-Oceania Federation of Organizations for Medical Physics (AFOMP). The document was developed by the AFOMP Professional Development Committee (PDC) and was endorsed for official release by AFOMP Council in 2006. The main purpose of the document was to give guidance t...

Medical physics plays an essential role in modern medicine. This is particularly evident in cancer care where medical physicists are involved in radiotherapy treatment planning and quality assurance as well as in imaging and radiation protection. Due to the large variety of tasks and interests, medical physics is often subdivided into specialties s...

The purpose of this study was to survey image quality and the entrance surface air kerma for patients in radiographic examinations and to perform comparisons with diagnostic reference levels. In this multinational prospective study, image quality and patient radiation doses were surveyed in 12 countries in Africa, Asia, and Eastern Europe, covering...

The purposes of the present study were to determine the dose to medical staff in interventional radiology at different locations on the body measured by thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) and to relate the medical staff dose to patient dose measured by the dose-area product (DAP) meter. The present study covered 42 patients in three interventional r...

To measure radiation doses for computed tomography (CT) of the head, chest, and abdomen and compare them with the diagnostic reference levels, as part of the International Atomic Energy Agency Research coordination project. The local ethics committees of all participating institutions approved the study protocol. Written informed consent was obtain...

Body composition changes complicate antiretroviral therapy. Improvements in lipoatrophy after a switch in nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) have been demonstrated. We investigated 60 patients switching from failed NRTIs to ritonavir-boosted indinavir and efavirenz. Body composition (assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry sca...

To compare 3 types of Bull's eye normal reference maps; non-corrected, scatter corrected, and scatter with attenuation corrected Bull's eye in both genders. Sixty-seven normal healthy males and females volunteered for the present study. After screening tests to identify low post-test (exercise EKG) likelihood of coronary artery disease, 41 subjects...

Quantitation in cardiac SPECT depends on the ability to correct for several physical factors that tend to distort the data. Those corrections involve attenuation, scattering, and the detector response for system spatial resolution. The attenuation correction requires information about the regional distribution of tissue densities. The transmission...

Medical complications after renal transplantation cause problems in treatment decision making. To differentiate acute tubular necrosis from acute rejection when it occurs in the early posttransplant period is difficult. Renal scintigraphy offers a noninvasive means for renal blood flow (RBF) and renal function assessment. This retrospective study o...

Introduction: Breast cancer is the leading cancer in Thai women while the cancer of the cervix is the second rank. The mammography system had been developed for the optimization of the radiation dose and image quality to patient. The purpose of the study is to compare the average glandular dose (AGD), entrance surface air kerma (ESAK) and image qua...

Myocardial perfusion imaging with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is noninvasive imaging modality for diagnosis and managing patients with coronary diseases. Recently SPECT-CT hybrid instruments which obtain statistically rich of x-ray transmission scan in a very short time solve many of the issues associated with radioisotope-ba...