Anastasija Nikiforova

University of Tartu · Institute of Computer Science

Open Government Data (OGD) plays a crucial role in transforming smart cities into sustainable and intelligent entities by providing data for analytics, real-time monitoring, and informed decision-making. This data is increasingly used in urban digital twins, enhancing city management through stakeholder collaboration. However, local administrative...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) within digital government has witnessed growing interest as it can improve governance processes and stimulate citizen engagement. Despite the rise of Generative AI, discussions on AI fusion with Open Government Data (OGD) remain limited to specific implementations and scattered across disciplines. Drawing from the synth...

The integration of Generative AI (GenAI) with Public Data Ecosystems (PDEs) offers promising avenues for enhancing decision-making and operational efficiency in the private sector. This research aims to develop a conceptual framework that explores the synergies between GenAI and PDEs, addressing both the opportunities and challenges unique to priva...

The adoption of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) in higher education has sparked debate since the public release of ChatGPT in late 2022. While its potential is widely recognized, educators remain concerned about its impact on assessment and critical thinking. This study addresses gaps in existing research by examining educator resistance...

Data ecosystems are networks of autonomous actors who consume, produce, or provide data along with related resources such as software, services, and infrastructure. Public Data Ecosystems (PDE) and Open Data Ecosystems (ODE) are specific subtypes of data ecosystems. They have the potential to transform how governments use data, stimulate public sec...

Purpose Protection of personal data is integral to the digital economy, ensuring trust and privacy as its foundational elements. The purpose of this study is to analyze data protection laws in Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda and Rwanda to understand their legal frameworks and identify challenges hindering their effective implementation. Design/methodology...

Efforts directed towards promoting Open Government Data (OGD) have gained significant traction across various governmental tiers since the mid-2000s. As more datasets are published on OGD portals, finding specific data becomes harder, leading to information overload and so-called “dark data”. Complete and accurate documentation of datasets, includi...

Open data portals serve as a nexus between the municipal administration and its residents. However, this depends heavily on their usability, which is understudied, including a lack of understanding of the design that would help achieve expected objectives. In this study, we (1) adapt the framework to explore the features of open data portals, which...

Public Data Ecosystems (PDEs) represent complex socio-technical systems crucial for optimizing data use in the public sector and outside it. Recognizing their multifaceted nature, previous research proposed a six-generation Evolutionary Model of Public Data Ecosystems (EMPDE). Designed as a result of a systematic literature review on the topic span...

Despite an increasing interest in the strategies to promote open data use in recent years, there has been a substantial lack of empirical and theoretical analysis of the governance modes that favored different types of open data initiatives. To address this gap, this study asks: How do governance modes support open data sharing in open government d...

There is a lack of understanding of the elements that constitute different types of value-adding public data ecosystems and how these elements form and shape the development of these ecosystems over time, which can lead to misguided efforts to develop future public data ecosystems. The aim of the study is twofold: (1) to explore how public data eco...

Since the public release of Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT), extensive discourse has emerged concerning the potential advantages and challenges of integrating Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) into education. In the realm of information systems, research on technology adoption is crucial for understanding the diverse fact...

Efforts directed towards promoting Open Government Data (OGD) have gained significant traction across various governmental tiers since the mid-2000s. As more datasets are published on OGD portals, finding specific data becomes harder, leading to information overload. Complete and accurate documentation of datasets, including association of proper t...

Open Government Data (OGD) plays a pivotal role in fostering data-driven innovation and sustainability across various sectors. Despite its potential, many public organizations are reluctant to share their data openly. While existing research has explored factors impacting the public organizations intention to share OGD, there is a paucity of resear...

In the contemporary data-driven landscape, ensuring data quality (DQ) is crucial for deriving actionable insights from vast data repositories. The objective of this study is to explore the potential for automating data quality management within data warehouses as data repository commonly used by large organizations. By conducting a systematic revie...

Recognized for fostering innovation and transparency, driving economic growth, enhancing public services, supporting research, empowering citizens, and promoting environmental sustainability, High-Value Datasets (HVD) play a crucial role in the broader Open Government Data (OGD) movement. However, identifying HVD presents a resource-intensive and c...

Estonia's digital government success has received global acclaim, yet its Open Government Data (OGD) initiatives, especially at the local level, encounter persistent challenges. Despite significant progress of national OGD initiative in OGD rankings, local governments lag in OGD provision. This study aims to examine barriers hindering municipalitie...

Open Government Data (OGD) initiatives aim to enhance public participation and collaboration by making government data accessible to diverse stakeholders, fostering social, environmental, and economic benefits through public value generation. However, challenges such as declining popularity, lack of OGD portal usability, and private interests overs...

The current decade has been marked as the Decade of Healthy Ageing, where increased participation, social and digital inclusion for the silver population within and for the Silver Economy has become imperative. This panel discusses current activities in the regions where the largest numbers of older people live - Asia and Europe seeking to gain a d...

Today, data has an unprecedented value as it forms the basis for data-driven decision-making, including serving as an input for AI models, where the latter is highly dependent on the availability of the data. However, availability of data in an open data format creates a little added value, where the value of these data, i.e., their relevance to th...

Estonia has a global reputation of a "digital state" or "e-country”. However, despite the success in digital governance, the country has faced challenges in the realm of Open Government Data (OGD) area, with significant advancements in its OGD ecosystem, as reflected in various open data rankings from 2020 and onwards, in the recent years being rec...

As artificial intelligence (AI) continues its unprecedented global expansion, accompanied by a proliferation of benefits, an increasing apprehension about the privacy and security implications of AI-enabled systems emerges. The pivotal question of effectively controlling AI development at both jurisdictional and organizational levels has become a p...

This study explores the critical role of open government data (OGD) portals in fostering transparency and collaboration between diverse stakeholders. Recognizing the challenges of usability, communication with diverse populations, and strategic value creation, this paper develops an integrated framework for evaluating OGD portal effectiveness that...

Public data ecosystems (PDEs) represent complex socio-technical systems crucial for optimizing data use in the public sector and outside it. Recognizing their multifaceted nature, previous research pro-posed a six-generation Evolutionary Model of Public Data Ecosystems (EMPDE). Designed as a result of a systematic literature review on the topic spa...

Estonia has a global reputation of a "digital state" or "e-country". However, despite the success in digital governance, the country has faced challenges in the realm of Open Government Data (OGD) area, with significant advancements in its OGD ecosystem, as reflected in various open data rankings from 2020 and onwards, in the recent years being rec...

Today, data has an unprecedented value as it forms the basis for data-driven decision-making, including serving as an input for AI models, where the latter is highly dependent on the availability of the data. However, availability of data in an open data format creates a little added value, where the value of these data, i.e., their relevance to th...

This study explores the critical role of open government data (OGD) portals in fostering transparency and collaboration between diverse stakeholders. Recognizing the challenges of usability, communication with diverse populations, and strategic value creation, this paper develops an integrated framework for evaluating OGD portal effectiveness that...

As artificial intelligence (AI) continues its unprecedented global expansion, accompanied by a proliferation of benefits, an increasing apprehension about the privacy and security implications of AI-enabled systems emerges. The pivotal question of effectively controlling AI development at both jurisdictional and organizational levels has become a p...

Open government and open (government) data are seen as tools to create new opportunities, eliminate or at least reduce information inequalities and improve public services. More than a decade of these efforts has provided much experience, practices, and perspectives to learn how to better deal with them. This paper focuses on benchmarking of open d...

An understanding of how modern Open Data Ecosystems (ODEs) work is critical in the context of current trends towards sustainability and smartness, while is seen to be an asset to support urban governance and development, in coordinating actions, and fostering civic engagement. This paper aims to establish such understanding by analyzing the context...

There is a lack of understanding of the elements that constitute different types of value-adding public data ecosystems and how these elements form and shape the development of these ecosystems over time, which can lead to misguided efforts to develop future public data ecosystems. The aim of the study is twofold: (1) to explore how public data eco...

Open government and open (government) data are seen as tools to create new opportunities, eliminate or at least reduce information inequalities and improve public services. More than a decade of these efforts has provided much experience, practices, and perspectives to learn how to better deal with them. This paper focuses on benchmarking of open d...

Recently, there has been increasing awareness of the tremendous opportunities inherent in quantum computing (QC). Specifically, the speed and efficiency of QC will significantly impact the Internet of Things, cryptography, finance, and marketing. Accordingly, there has been increased QC research funding from national and regional governments and pr...

While the topics of CRIS and FAIR are not new, after decades of research on CRIS, CRIS and their FAIRness remain a relatively overlooked dimension of CRIS. To address this problem, we conduct a systematic literature review (SLR) that connects the fragmented knowledge accumulated through the observation of CRIS development/maturing dynamics and atte...

Although FAIR Research Data Principles are targeted at and implemented by different communities, research disciplines, and research stakeholders (data stewards, curators, etc.), there is no conclusive way to determine the level of FAIRness intended or required to make research artefacts (including, but not limited to, research data) Findable, Acces...

The future is likely to see an increase in the use of automated decision-making systems in the public sector, which employ Artificial Intelligence and, in particular, machine learning techniques, to enable more proactive and personalised delivery of public services. Proactive delivery can reduce the administrative burdens on citizens and government...

Open government data (OGD) is seen as a political and socio-economic phenomenon that promises to promote civic engagement and stimulate public sector innovations in various areas of public life. To bring the expected benefits, data must be reused and transformed into value-added products or services. This, in turn, sets another precondition for dat...

Open Government Data (OGD) are seen as one of the trends that has the potential to benefit the economy, improve the quality, efficiency, and transparency of public administration, and change the lives of citizens, and the society as a whole facilitating efficient sustainability-oriented data-driven services. However, the quick achievement of these...

Retail is expected to be one of the industries that will benefit most from advances in artificial intelligence (AI) in the future. One branch of AI is video analytics, which is used to analyze the behavior, flow, and interactions of customers in a store. Properly implementing features to optimize store operations, prevent theft, or provide targeted...

Data quality in companies is decisive and critical to the benefits their products and services can provide. However, in heterogeneous IT infrastructures where, e.g., different applications for Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Customer Relationship Management (CRM), product management, manufacturing, and marketing are used, duplicates, e.g., mult...

The volume of data in companies and in the private sector is already gigantic today. Mobile devices such as smartphones constantly collect data on all possible environmental conditions. When surfing the Internet, everyone leaves an endless digital trail. The Internet of Things (IoT) promises comprehensive networking of all everyday devices and prod...

The development of new technologies brings with it "technical superiority", but new technologies can also be a stress test for existing political systems, which may fail as a result, leading to cascading effects that threaten fundamental precepts of democratic societies and their key institutions. If policymakers fail to recognise these challenges,...

Open data are characterized by a number of economic, environmental, technological, innovative, and social benefits. They are seen as a significant contributor to the city’s transformation into smart city. This is all the more so when the society is on the border of Society 5.0, that is, shift from the information society to a super smart society or...

The OGD is seen as a political and socio-economic phenomenon that promises to promote civic engagement and stimulate public sector innovations in various areas of public life. To bring the expected benefits, data must be reused and transformed into value-added products or services. This, in turn, sets another precondition for data that are expected...

During the COVID-19 pandemic, open government data (OGD) was often used as a valuable crisis management resource. Unfortunately, there is limited research that explores how OGD can be used during times of crisis as a crisis management tool. To ensure that OGD can be used effectively in future crises, there is a need to understand how it may be used...

Today, large amounts of data are being continuously produced, collected, and exchanged between systems. As the number of devices, systems and data produced grows up, the risk of security breaches increases. This is all the more relevant in times of Covid-19, which has affected not only the health and lives of human beings’ but also the lifestyle of...

Users should trust the data that are managed by software applications constituting the Information Systems (IS). This means that organizations should ensure an appropriate level of quality of the data they manage in their IS. Therefore, the requirement for the adequate level of quality of data to be managed by IS must be an essential requirement fo...

Nowadays, there are billions interconnected devices forming Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), Internet of Things (IoT) and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) ecosystems. With an increasing number of devices and systems in use, amount and the value of data, the risks of security breaches increase. One of these risks is posed by open data sources, whic...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to highlight the drivers, barriers, benefits and risks affecting the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) into the e-government and to provide a future research agenda. Design/methodology/approach Existing literature examining the relationships between e-government and IoT is scanned and evaluated by concept...

The European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) Association leverages thirteen Task Forces (TFs), grouped into five Advisory Boards, to help steer the implementation of EOSC. This document is released by the Data Quality subgroup of the “FAIR Metrics and Data Quality” TF. Data quality is critical in ensuring the credibility, legitimacy, and actionability of...

A hackathon is known as a form of civic innovation in which participants representing citizens can point out existing problems or social needs and propose a solution. Given the high social, technical, and economic potential of open government data (OGD), the concept of open data hackathons is becoming popular around the world. This concept has beco...

The rise of mobile applications has helped to provide information in a broader network of products remotely. They simplify the identification of products by using their barcode or even an image of the item. This paper, therefore, aims to create an e-commerce assistant Android application that incorporates machine learning, more precisely, image cla...

This book constitutes selected and revised papers presented at the First International Conference on Electronic Governance with Emerging Technologies, EGETC 2022, held in Tampico, Mexico, in September 2022. The 15 full papers and 2 short papers presented were thoroughly reviewed and selected from the 54 submissions. This volume focuses on the rec...

This paper aims to explore the patterns of online interaction of users of the pretty good privacy (PGP) algorithm to identify the most important and influential users in the social network. While PGP is widely used in protecting email privacy, there are some encryption defects that can raise users' concerns about data privacy and security. It is th...

Although FAIR Research Data Principles are targeted at and implemented by different communities, research disciplines, and research stakeholders (data stewards, curators, etc.), there is no conclusive way to determine the level of FAIRness intended or required to make research artefacts (including, but not limited to, research data) Findable, Acces...

Recently, there has been increasing awareness of the tremendous opportunities inherent in quantum computing (QC). Specifically, the speed and efficiency of QC will significantly impact the Internet of Things, cryptography, finance, and marketing. Accordingly, there has been increased QC research funding from national and regional governments and pr...

Although FAIR Research Data Principles are targeted at and implemented by different communities, research disciplines, and research stakeholders (data stewards, curators, etc.), there is no conclusive way to determine the level of FAIRness intended or required to make research artefacts (including, but not limited to, research data) Findable, Acces...

With the increase in the amount and variety of data that are constantly produced, collected, and exchanged between systems, the efficiency and accuracy of solutions/services that use data as input may suffer if an inappropriate or inaccurate technique, method, or tool is chosen to deal with them. This paper presents a global overview of urban data...

Open Government Data (OGD) is a fundamental source for sustainability-oriented and data-driven innovation by citizens, companies, and other actors. However, many government agencies are reluctant to openly share their data with the public. While the resistance of public organizations to openly share government data has been investigated in previous...

Consolidation of the research information improves the quality of data integration, reducing duplicates between systems and enabling the required flexibility and scalability when processing various data sources. We assume that the combination of a data lake as a data repository and a data wrangling process should allow low-quality or “bad” data to...

Digitization in the research domain refers to the increasing integration and analysis of research information in the process of research data management. However, it is not clear whether it is used and, more importantly, whether the data are of sufficient quality, and value and knowledge could be extracted from them. FAIR principles (Findability, A...

The research problems on Object detection have been attracted with major issues in the computer vision domain. Object detection based on images from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) - drones, has versatile applications in both defence security, agriculture and GIS. However, real-time object detection in UAV scenarios remains quite a tedious problem d...

Purpose With the development of information technology (IT), governments around the globe are using state-of-the-art IT interfaces to implement the so-called 3E’s in public service delivery, that is, economy, efficiency and effectiveness. Two of these IT interfaces relate to Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT). While AI focuse...

A hackathon is a form of social innovation in which participants can point out existing problems or social needs and offer solutions. Generation Z is supposed to be the most appropriate audience representing "digital natives". Gen Z open data hackathons are organized annually in Latvia. However, the organizer assumes that the goal of the hackathons...

Today, more and more people are reporting allergies, which can range from simple reactions close to discomfort to anaphylactic shocks. Other people may not be allergic but avoid certain foods for personal reasons. Daily food shopping of these people is hampered by the fact that unwanted ingredients can be hidden in any food, and it is difficult to...

A hackathon is known as a form of civic innovation in which participants representing citizens can point out existing problems or social needs and propose a solution. Given the high social, technical, and economic potential of open government data (OGD), the concept of open data hackathons is becoming popular around the world. This concept has beco...

Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into customer service is of great interest to firms that face a mass of feedback originating from multiple channels (Poser et al., 2022), including phone calls, emails, and social media. Particularly social media channels have increased their popularity in recent years as a notable channel of cu...

Today, the popularity of semantic models and ontologies is increasing rapidly. This leads not only to the high number of general ontologies, but also to a variety of domain-specific ontologies where the medical or healthcare domain plays a major role. The increasing popularity of ontologies, particularly in different non-IT domains, has an impact o...

This paper focuses on the issue of the transparency maturity of open data ecosystems seen as the key for the development and maintenance of sustainable, citizen-centered, and socially resilient smart cities. This study inspects smart cities’ data portals and assesses their compliance with transparency requirements for open (government) data. The ex...

Today, large amounts of data are being continuously produced, collected, and exchanged between systems. As the number of devices, systems and data produced grows up, the risk of security breaches increases. This is all the more relevant in times of COVID-19, which has affected not only the health and lives of human beings' but also the lifestyle of...

The data management process is characterised by a set of tasks where data quality management (DQM) is one of the core components. Data quality, however, is a multidimensional concept, where the nature of the data quality issues is very diverse. One of the most widely anticipated data quality challenges, which becomes particularly vital when data co...

Purpose This paper aims to provide insights into the integration of blockchain technology in e-government services. Design/methodology/approach The article invokes an exploratory approach to emphasize the possibilities of integrating blockchain technology in e-government services. A cybernetic model is detailed in the paper for bridging the gulf b...

Open data are characterized by a number of economic, technological, innovative and social benefits. They are seen as a significant contributor to the city's transformation into Smart City. This is all the more so when the society is on the border of Society 5.0, i.e., shift from the information society to a super smart society or society of imagina...

Since the turn of the millennium, the volume of data has increased significantly in both industries and scientific institutions. The processing of these volumes and variety of data we are dealing with are unlikely to be accomplished with conventional software solutions. Thus, new technologies belonging to the big data processing area, able to distr...

Purpose Open government data (OGD) are considered as a technology capable of promoting transparency openness, and accountability, which in turn has a positive impact on innovation activities and creates responsive government, collaboration, cooperation, co-creation and participation. The purpose of this paper is to explore the adoption of OGD and o...

The rise of mobile applications has helped to provide information in a broader network of products remotely. They simplify the identification of products by using their barcode or even an image of the item. This paper, therefore, aims to create an e-commerce assistant Android application that incorporates machine learning, more precisely, image cla...

Nowadays, there are billions interconnected devices forming Cyber-Physical Systems, Internet of Things (IoT) and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) ecosystems. With an increasing number of devices and systems in use, amount and the value of data, the risks of security breaches increase. One of these risks is posed by open data sources, by which a...

The authors offer a method for detecting potentially incorrect execution of concurrent business processes. It is achieved by using symbolic execution of business process descriptions. The proposed method provides six steps: create a detailed business process description, define transactions, define the incorrect business process execution, create a...

This study aims to analyze the state of the security of open data databases, i.e. being accessible from the outside of organization, representing both relational databases and NoSQL of three Baltic countries-Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia. This is done by using previously proposed tool for non-intrusive detection of vulnerable data sources called ShoBE...

The paper presents a study aimed at identifying the most widely occurring data quality issues that affect users’ experience with data and their reuse, and presence of which may not only disrupt the willingness to work with data but also cause losses for businesses. The list of defects is intended to be identified as a result of the following activi...

The paper proposes a tool for non-intrusive testing of open data sources for detecting their vulnerabilities, called ShoBeVODSDT (Shodan-and Binary Edge-based vulnerable open data sources detection tool). The use of Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) tools, more precisely the Internet of Things Search Engines (IoTSE), allows the tool to inspect a lis...

This paper aims to provide a broad perspective on the development of benchmarking open data efforts through indices and rankings over the years, both at the level of countries and allowing for a cross-country comparison. The methodology follows a systematic search for the relevant resources, their classification and identification of six open data...

Open Government Data (OGD) are seen as one of the trends that can potentially benefit the economy. However, this fact is closely linked to the “value” of the OGD, i.e. the extent to which the data provided by the OGD portals are interesting, useful and valuable for their reuse, creating value for society and the economy. Here, the concept of “high-...

Open data are freely available and can be used by every stakeholder for its own purposes. However, the practice demonstrates that it is important to ensure that the source from which they are available is usable and facilitates the re-use of data to the widest possible range of stakeholders. This task is carried out by open government data (OGD) po...

Nowadays, governments launch open government data (OGD) portals that provide data that can be accessed and used by everyone for their own needs. Although the potential economic value of open (government) data is assessed in millions and billions, not all open data are reused. Moreover, the open (government) data initiative as well as users’ intent...

Today, the topic of child’s sporting has become a crucial, not only because, in the 21st century, computer games and social networks are the most common way of spending a child leisure time (shift from sports to eSports took place), but also because in 2020, Covid-19 and the associated restrictions give parents even more stress on visits to sports...

Transparency in the public sector is one of the most important topics of the current debates on accountable, participatory, and responsive governance. An open government addresses these major topics and aims to encourage the relationships and flows of information between involved stakeholders. This article explores the role of open data portals in...