Anastasia Kitsantas

George Mason University | GMU

This tribute celebrates the unwavering dedication and contributions of Dale H. Schunk to educational psychology. His research has fundamentally transformed how school-based practitioners support student learning. By pioneering effective teaching strategies and interventions, he has called educators to create dynamic learning environments that culti...

Essentials of Research Methods for Educators provides future teachers, specialists, administrators and educational leaders with a textbook and a resource that goes beyond the classroom to use in your career. With a focus on the wide variety of data available to educators and the importance of data literacy for all those involved in education, this...

The purpose of the present study was to explore the voices of high- and low-achieving middle school students around the function and utility of a student-engaged design learning how to learn intervention. The intervention was a year-long standard elective course in the curriculum in which all students enrolled during their time in middle school. Fi...

This chapter describes the development, characteristics, and applicability of a web-based interactive notebook, the Science Practices Innovation Notebook (SPIN), for use by high school students and teachers during science investigations. SPIN integrates data practices, computational thinking (CT), and self-regulated learning (SRL) principles to sup...

In the United States, the Next Generation Science Standards advocate for the integration of computational thinking (CT) as a science and engineering practice. Additionally, there is agreement among some educational researchers that increasing opportunities for engaging in computational thinking can lend authenticity to classroom activities. This ca...

In this study, we report on differences in self-efficacy for self-assessment by gender and native-speaker identity in three areas of writing: presenting arguments, writing flow and cohesiveness, and grammar and mechanics. • Due to known differences in writing performance based on gender and native speaker identities, we theorized that self-efficacy...

In this study, we report on differences in self-efficacy for self-assessment by gender and native-speaker identity in three areas of writing: presenting arguments, writing flow and cohesiveness, and grammar and mechanics. • Due to known differences in writing performance based on gender and native speaker identities, we theorized that self-efficacy...

The purpose of this explanatory, sequential mixed methods study was to examine pretest - posttest changes in high school teachers' knowledge of self-regulated learning (SRL) and their self-efficacy and skills in applying SRL following a professional development (PD) workshop. Teacher interviews and qualitative analyses were used to assess differenc...

A widening area in educational research is the assessment of self-motivational beliefs and STEM achievement within the context of citizen science programs. These initiatives promote the inclusion of hobbyists and/or students interested in scientific work in a range of activities from research design, data collection and interpretation, and dissemin...

In an effort to deepen learning in K-12 science classrooms, there has been a national movement to integrate computational thinking (CT). The purpose of this phenomenographic study was to understand teachers’ perceptions of the function and usefulness of a task analysis and a decision tree tool designed to help them with integration. Teachers partic...

The purpose of the present study was to (a) determine relationships among teacher contextual variables including support and cognitive activation, student motivational beliefs, engagement, and mathematics literacy and (b) to examine whether different types of motivational and behavioral engagement variables act as viable mediators between the class...

Prior research has suggested that mathematics specific anxiety and self-efficacy are strong predictors of mathematics performance. The purpose of this study was to examine this relationship using two nationally representative samples of Greek students in 2003 and 2012. Findings indicated that both mathematics anxiety and mathematics self-efficacy h...

Students often need to obtain, organize, clean, and analyze data in order to draw conclusions about a particular phenomenon (e.g., why tidal heights change). When conducting a science investigation in biology, chemistry, physics, or Earth science, data can be collected by the student or can be provided to them via secondary data sets. This article...

The purpose of the present paper is to (a) discuss how intelligent systems can augment cognitive capacity, and through self-regulation, assist learners to engage in critical thinking and (b) provide an example that highlights the information-rich context of the work environment and the role of self-regulation in working in partnership with technolo...

The purpose of the present chapter is to demonstrate how health and physical education teachers embed self-regulatory practices into their teaching designed to enhance students’ self-regulation of learning. Two teachers were asked to create lesson plans in health and physical education with the goal to engage students in self-regulatory processes;...

The purpose of this study was to assess the interrelationship of elementary students’ perceived responsibility for learning, self-efficacy, and sources of self-efficacy in mathematics, and differentiation as a function of gender and grade level. Participants in this study included 442 third-, fourth-, and fifth-grade students from U.S. Internationa...

Computational thinking has often been overlooked in the K-12 settings, particularly in the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS). In this chapter, we present a social cognitive self-regulated learning approach for infusing computational thinking into teaching settings using science and engineering practices of NGSS. Self-regulated learning relat...

The aim of the present study was to examine elementary and middle school students’ (N = 49) perceptions of their gifted and talented program using eight focus group interviews. Qualitative analyses revealed several themes regarding students’ academic and social-emotional functioning and how teachers influenced students’ experiences within their gif...

The primary purpose of the current study was to use structural equation modeling to examine the relations among background variables (socioeconomic status, prior mathematics achievement), motivation variables (self-efficacy, task interest, school connectedness), self-regulated learning (SRL) behaviors, and performance in middle school mathematics c...

The vast array of social media network sites provide individuals with the opportunity for communication based on similar interests, occupations, events, or political views while integrating additional features such as mobile accessibility, video and photo sharing, and blogging. The benefits and drawbacks of social media networking vary depending on...

The aim of this study was to examine college students’ perceptions of social networking in the United States. A secondary purpose was to determine whether differences in gender and age were prevalent. One hundred and twenty eight (N = 128) students were surveyed online. Data showed that social networking was helpful for communication, information g...

The aim of this study was to examine the role of a software tool in diagnosing student's thinking during problem solving in mathematics with 41 college students. Students were asked to select relevant steps, facts and strategies represented on the screen and connect them by arrows, indicating their plan of solution. Only after the diagram was compl...

Current educational trends center on enhancing science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) programs within formal and informal learning settings to motivate students to enter science related careers. The purpose of the proposed chapter is to examine the role of informal learning setting activities, namely citizen science programs, in p...

This chapter focuses on how learning technologies can help college students become responsible for their own learning by engaging in self-regulatory feedback loops.

This study investigated the predictiveness of preferred learning styles (competitive and cooperative) and classroom climate (teacher support and disciplinary climate) on learning strategy use in mathematics. The student survey part of the Programme for International Student Assessment 2003 comprising of 4633 US observations was used in a weighted o...

Critical ethnic and gender gaps exist in college retention and graduation rates. Early achievement motivation may play an important role in student persistence. A sample of undergraduates completed surveys tapping motivation at the beginning (n = 591) and end (n = 232) of their first semester in college. African American and Caucasian students were...

Nationwide, almost a third of 1st-year college students do not return to begin their sophomore year, and the 5-year graduation rate for undergraduates is only around 40%. It is important for universities to implement interventions, such as freshman transition courses, to help new students adjust to college life and succeed, and it is critical that...

The purpose of the present study was to create and then examine the validity and reliability of The Community of Practice Scale for Schools (CoPS), constructed to assess key elements of successful communities of practice in PK-12 schools. An effective school-based CoP draws teachers' best practices together and enables teachers to attain higher lev...

The purpose of this chapter is to review research that examined whether tools and features of course or learning management systems, referred to in this research as web-based pedagogical tools (WBPT), can be used to support and promote specific processes of student self-regulated learning such as goal setting, help seeking, and self-monitoring, in...

The challenge for faculty and academic institutions is to leverage the learning affordances of social media, particularly those that enable learners to become independent, self-regulated learners. There is evidence that social media can facilitate the creation of personal learning environments (PLE) that help learners develop and apply self-regulat...

Students often work in order to meet monetary requirements for college. However, employment reduces the time students can devote to their studies, which can hinder performance. This study examined whether motivation (self-efficacy goal orientation) and self-regulated learning (help-seeking, metacognitive self-regulation, time management and effort...

A Personal Learning Environment or PLE is a potentially promising pedagogical approach for both integrating formal and informal learning using social media and supporting student self-regulated learning in higher education contexts. The purpose of this paper is to (a) review research that support this claim, (b) conceptualize the connection between...

This chapter describes how Web 2.0 technologies, especially social software, can be used to support student self-regulated learning in higher education contexts. Selected examples that demonstrate how instructors can integrate social software into course design to facilitate student self-regulation are provided.

The authors focused on public schools expected to meet performance goals before the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (2002) using data from the responses of 26,257 teachers and 6,711 principals to public school questionnaires from the 1999–2000 Schools and Staffing Survey. They examined relationships among measures of teacher commitment and teacher...

The present study used the U.S. portion of the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) to examine how homework resources, mathematics self-efficacy, and time spent on homework impacted mathematics achievement across gender and ethnicity. The findings showed that achievement gaps diminished with the increase in availability of homework r...

The purpose of the present explanatory mixed-method design is to examine the effectiveness of a developmental intervention, Embedded Metacognitive Prompts based on Nature of Science (EMPNOS) to teach the nature of science using metacognitive prompts embedded in an inquiry unit. Eighty-three (N = 83) eighth-grade students from four classrooms were r...

The purpose of the present study is to examine the effectiveness of a metacognitive prompts intervention‐science (MPI‐S), which is based on the nature of science with 162 eighth‐grade science students. It was hypothesised that students exposed to the intervention will show higher levels of content knowledge and knowledge about the nature of science...

In order to understand the role of metacognition and self-regulation in student learning, 35 college students were asked to solve problems in college linear algebra and in remedial math using Cognitive Constructor. Results reveal the predominance of forward chaining in problem solving. Copyright © 2010, Association for the Advancement of Artificial...

The present study examined the predictiveness of self-regulated learning strategies and goal orientation of elementary students’ academic achievement. Eighty one (n = 81) fifth graders were asked to respond to two scales. It was hypothesized that student achievement would be predicted by prior achievement, use of self-regulation strategies, and goa...

Exploring how experienced online instructors use integrative learning technologies to support self-regulated learning. International Journal of Technology in Teaching and Learning, 5(2), 154-168. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine college instructors' self-reported use of integrative learning technologies (ILT) to support student...

This study examines archival data from a federally-funded mathematics and science program (NSF-MSP) where partnerships in the program provided pre-service and in-service education for mathematics and science teachers. Of particular interest in the present study was the breadth of participation by IHE Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematic...

The purpose of this study was to examine the types of instruments being used to document mathematics and science teacher quality characteristics in 48 nationally funded mathematics and science education awards. Each of the 48 projects operationalized teacher quality and determined how to assess it. The main research questions examined the instrumen...

The influence of homework experiences on students’ academic grades was studied with 223 college students. Students’ self-efficacy for learning and perceived responsibility beliefs were included as mediating variables in this research. The students’ homework influenced their achievement indirectly via these two self-regulatory beliefs as well as dir...

A topic of long-standing interest for university administrators and faculty is how to help first-year college students succeed aca-demically. On average, only 73.6% of college freshman return for their sophomore year (National Center for Higher Education Management Systems [NCHEMS], 2007). Although academic success in college requires some preexist...

In this cross-cultural study, the authors attempted to identify high-risk subgroups for alcohol consumption among college students. American and Greek students (N = 132) answered questions about alcohol consumption, religious beliefs, attitudes toward drinking, advertisement influences, parental monitoring, and drinking consequences. Heavy drinkers...

Significant progress can be made in the part of elementary school education that relies on intelligent tutoring systems (ITS), if the role of a referee and a peer advisor will be performed by a pedagogical agent that is a computer implementation of a cognitive architecture modeling the process of learning. Recent studies in cognitive architectures...

Implementation of agency in a cognitive system implies that certain beliefs, values and/or goals represented in the system become, if implicitly, attributed to the self of the agent. When the cognitive system becomes explicitly aware of this attribution, it acquires a self-regulation capacity allowing it to control, modify and develop its self-conc...

Limitations of modern artificial intelligence are most evident in comparison with the human ability to self- regulate cognitive and learning processes. Is it possible to model the human self-regulation ability in artifacts? And vice versa, can a computer model of this sort help students to develop self-regulation skills? This work describes a bluep...

The purpose of the present study was to examine how college students’ help seeking behavior varied across different instructional learning environments. Four hundred and seventy four (N = 472) students enrolled in distance, distributed, and traditional classes were queried about their help seeking preferences, help seeking tendencies, personal thre...

We studied psychometric properties of the SELF with 223 college students. The SELF assesses students' self-efficacy beliefs regarding their use of specific self-regulatory processes in various areas of academic functioning. To determine the validity of SELF scores, the following outcome measures were studied: perceived responsibility, homework quan...

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of graphing of self-recorded outcomes and self-evaluative standards on the acquisition of a motoric skill with 70 college students. It was postulated that students who were provided with graduated self-evaluative standards would surpass those who were provided with absolute standards or no standards...

The purpose of the present study was to confirm previous research findings that different categories of Web-based pedagogical tools (WBPT) (e.g., collaborative and communication tools, content creation and delivery tools) supported different self-regulated learning (SRL) processes (e.g., goal setting, self-monitoring), and to further examine which...

The present study investigated the role of students’ homework practices in their self-efficacy beliefs regarding their use of specific learning processes (e.g., organizing, memorizing, concentrating, monitoring, etc.), perceptions of academic responsibility, and academic achievement. One hundred and seventy-nine girls from multi-ethnic, mixed socio...

Resumen Este artículo da un panorama general de la investigación de los constructos de autorregulación, autoeficacia y eficacia autorreguladora. Asimismo, examina como se han medido los mismos hasta la actualidad. También se describe el Inventario de Autoeficacia para el Aprendizaje (Self-Efficacy for Learning Form, SELF), una nueva escala diseñada...

A social cognitive perspective regarding acquisition of academic and athletic competence focuses on the role of learners' social and self-regulatory processes during extensive study and practice. In this chapter, we describe self-regulation, explain the origins and inertia of self-empowering cycles of learning on individuals' academic and athletic...

This study examined the predictive power of self-regulated strategies and test-taking motivation on achievement performances under consequential and non-consequential test conditions. Sixty-two undergraduate students were asked to take two parallel classroom tests: one that counted towards their class grade (consequential) and one that did not (non...

This study examined the broader impact that study abroad programs have on students' cross-cultural skills and global understanding and the role that students' goals for participating in study abroad programs play on the development of these outcomes. Two hundred and thirty two (N=232) study-abroad college students were queried regarding their cross...

Numerous benefits of student-centered web-based learning environments have been documented in the literature; however the effects on student learning are questionable, particularly for low self-regulated learners primarily because these environments require students to exercise a high degree of self-regulation to succeed. Currently few guidelines e...

The authors examined the self-regulatory strategies and subjective well-being of students recently diagnosed with eating disorders, at-risk students, and individuals without eating disorders. Fifty-six college students were individually interviewed regarding their use of self-regulatory strategies to lose and maintain their weight; they also comple...

The influences of modeling and social feedback on the acquisition of writing revision were studied with 72 college students. Students watching a coping female model gradually improving her writing technique on a sentence-combining task were hypothesized to surpass students observing a mastery model perform the technique flawlessly on a writing-skil...

Differences in self-regulatory processes of 30 college women who were volleyball Experts, Non-Experts, or Novices were studied regarding overhand serving skill during a practice episode. It was hypothesized that Experts would display better goals, planning, strategy use, self-monitoring, self-evaluation, attributions, and adaptation than either Non...

This study investigated the impact of a self-regulatory tool, the Instructional Planning Self-Reflective Tool (IPSRT), on preservice teachers' performance, disposition, and self-efficacy beliefs regarding systematic instructional planning. Participants enrolled in an introductory educational technology course were taught how to develop an instructi...

Explains the Constructivist Planning Self-Reflective Tool (CPSRT) that supports preservice teachers using a constructivist lesson planning approach. Grounded in social cognitive and constructivist theoretical perspectives, the CPSRT facilitates self-monitoring, self-evaluation, and organization from a self-regulatory perspective, and cognitive flex...

This study examined the role of study abroad programs on a students' cross-cultural awareness. Twenty-four students were enrolled in a study abroad course participated in the study. The students' cross-cultural awareness was assessed prior to and after study abroad using the Cross Cultural Adaptability Inventory test (CCAI). It was hypothesized tha...

Explains the instructional planning self-reflective tool (IPSRT) that can be used to facilitate self-regulatory strategies, specifically self-monitoring and self-evaluation, in instructional planning for pre-service teachers. Discusses traditional instructional systems design, the importance of lesson planning, instructional goals and objectives, a...

The influences of modeling and social feedback on acquisition of dart-throwing skill were studied with 60 high school girls. Girls who witnessed a coping female model gradually improving her dart-throwing technique were hypothesized to surpass girls who observed a mastery model perform the technique flawlessly on an array of measures that included...

The purpose of this study was to identify the self-regulatory strategies which people use to lose, maintain, or manage their weight, and to assess their self-efficacy perceptions to implement these strategies. Thirty-three (N = 33) undergraduate college students were divided into three groups based on their past weight loss experience and confirmed...

The prevalence of asthma, lung self-efficacy beliefs, physical activities, and physical fitness of adolescent girls were studied in a private inner-city high school serving a multiethnic, middle-class population using a questionnaire, a test of physical fitness, and an activity log. Twenty-two percent of the 172 girls were diagnosed with asthma, an...

Eighty-four high school girls practiced combining a series of kernel sentences into a single nonredundant sentence. The outcome goal focused on minimizing the number of words in the combined sentence, whereas process goal emphasized a 3-step method for combining kernel sentences. It was found that girls who shifted goals sequentially from process t...

The effects of performance strategies, goal setting, and self-evaluative recording on the acquisition of a novel motoric skill were studied with 90 high school girls. It was hypothesized that greater acquisition would occur when (a) an analytic strategy was used instead of imaginal strategy, (b) practice goals were shifted dynamically during learni...

The effects of goal setting and self-monitoring during self-regulated practice on the acquisition of a complex motoric skill were studied with 90 high school girls. It was hypothesized that girls who shifted goals developmentally from process to outcome goals would surpass classmates who adhered to only process goals who, in turn, would exceed clas...

The effects of goal setting and self-monitoring during self-regulated practice on the acquisition of a complex motoric skill were studied with 90 high school girls. It was hypothesized that girls who shifted goals developmentally from process to outcome goals would surpass classmates who adhered to only process goals who, in turn, would exceed clas...

This study examined the influence of female students' (N=90) self-monitoring and attribution on achievement when throwing darts. It was hypothesized: (1) that students who set strategic process goals and used self-evaluative recording would attribute outcomes to strategic causes; and (2) that students who set outcome goals and did not use self-eval...

The effects of goal setting and self-monitoring during self-regulated practice on the acquisition of a novel motoric skill were studied with 50 high school girls. It was hypothesized that process goals would improve not only the development of dart throwing skill more than product goals but also self-efficacy perceptions, self-reactions and intrins...

Abstract The Instructional Planning Self-Reflective Tool (IPSRT) offers pre-service teachers a new approach to incorporate traditional instructional planning methods. Grounded in a social cognitive theoretical perspective, the IPSRT facilitates the use of self-regulatory strategies, specifically self-monitoring and self-evaluation processes, in les...

Developing effective instructional plans from both a traditional approach (e.g., instructivist) as well as a constructivist approach is clearly important for preservice teacher education. This study was designed to validate and compare two cognitive tools, the Instructional Planning Self-Reflective Tool (IPSRT), and the Constructivist Planning Self...