Anand N

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Verified

Anand verified their affiliation via an institutional email.

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• PhD
• Professor (Associate) at Karunya University

Purpose This study aims to explore the potential of alkali-activated concrete (AAC) as a sustainable alternative to ordinary Portland cement (OPC), addressing the critical need to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions associated with cement production. By incorporating nanomaterials (NMs), such as nano-fly ash (nFA), nano-ground granulated blast fu...

Due to increased construction activities, the demand for construction material increases, which causes depletion of natural resources such as river sand in Asian countries. Therefore, the present study aims to replace conventional sand with discarded coconut coir (CC) and examines the engineering and sustainable performance of concrete. The proport...

This study provides valuable insights into the axial resistance of two different configurations and identifies different failure modes in specimens subjected to various temperatures and cooling methods. Fire exposure tests were conducted on galvanized iron (GI) based CFS columns with different configurations: back-to-back (B.B) and toe-toe (T.T) ch...

This paper aims to investigate the flexural behavior of Galvanized Iron (GI) based CFS built-up beams with lipped channels and lipped channel with different stiffener arrangements when exposed to prolonged periods of elevated temperature. Seven built-up beam specimens, each consisting of two lipped channel profiles placed back-to-back, are fastened...

This study investigates the buckling performance of built-up cold-formed steel (CFS) columns, with a focus on how different thermal exposures and cooling strategies influence their susceptibility to various failure mechanisms. Addressing the gap in the literature on the fire behavior of mild steel (MS)-based CFS columns, the research aims to provid...

Geopolymer concrete (GPC) is a novel and sustainable building material that tends to be more brittle than that of conventional concrete (CC). As such, exposure to fire makes the GPC even more brittle. Fortunately, this brittleness can be reduced by adding fibers, which improves its homogeneity and shear strength in the interfacial region. The prese...

Owing to the ever-increasing climate crisis, it is essential that the construction sector endeavors to reduce its contribution to global carbon emissions. The cement and associated by-products used in the production of concrete are a significant contributor to the carbon footprint in construction, and there should be replaced by suitable and more s...

The use of back-to-back built-up channel beams in cold-formed steel (CFS) structures is steadily rising. The growing demand for CFS sections as a cost-effective design solution has driven the development of these CFS built-up sections. Despite this, there has been limited research on the performance of mild steel (MS) based CFS at high temperatures...

Concrete is an unavoidable composite material used in buildings and structures. The behavior of concrete under the effect of fire is always critical, causing more structural damage. This research proposes experimental investigation on various factors that affect temperature distribution in concrete when exposed to fire. Water cement ratio, grade of...

Recent years have seen a very significant increase in the development of cement-replacement products, owing to the environmental challenges associated with ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Geopolymer concrete replaces cement with alternative binders such as fly ash and ground granular blast furnace slag (GGBS), and the behaviour in terms of the work...

Cold-formed steel (CFS) sections have emerged as pivotal components in construction for sustaining small-scale loads, characterized by their distinctive feature of fabrication without the application of heat. The comprehension of CFS section responses under fire conditions or elevated temperatures stands as imperative in ensuring structural safety....

Cold-formed steel (CFS) sections, increasingly favored in the construction industry due to their numerous advantages over hot-rolled steel, have received limited attention in research concerning the flexural behavior of galvanized iron (GI)-based CFS at elevated temperatures. Understanding how these materials and structures behave under elevated te...

Purpose Cold-formed steel (CFS) sections are a popular choice for constructing medium and low-rise structures that are engineered to support relatively light loads. An important characteristic of CFS sections is that they are produced without the use of heat during manufacturing. Consequently, it becomes essential to gain a comprehensive understand...

Purpose The development of high-strength engineered cementitious composite (ECC) gains a significant leap in structural engineering. Engineers have been looking for new formulations that combine outstanding compressive strength with increased flexural resistance. This research focuses on the main characteristics, techniques and prospective applicat...

Cold-formed steel (CFS) sections have become popular in construction due to several advantages over structural steel. However, research on the performance of galvanized iron (GI)-based CFS under high temperatures, especially regarding its flexural behavior, has been limited. This study extensively investigates how GI-based CFS beams with varying sp...

Over the past few weeks, chatbots have become increasingly popular, and these are likely to revolutionize our lives. While the most common three chatbots, namely, OpenAI ChatGPT, Microsoft Bing Chatbot, and Google Bard, remain in their early release days, these chatbots present exciting opportunities to various users, including engineers. This shor...

The study assesses the mechanical efficiency, long-lasting characteristics, microstructure, and sustainability of sustainable concrete (SC) samples through several optimization methods, emphasizing the significance of the 3Rs (recycle, reuse, reduce) approach in the construction sector. The study uses advanced techniques like the Taguchi method, gr...

Facial emotion recognition (FER) has become a focal point of research due to its widespread applications, ranging from human-computer interaction to affective computing. While traditional FER techniques have relied on handcrafted features and classification models trained on image or video datasets, recent strides in artificial intelligence and dee...

In this study, the objective is to explore the practicability of incorporating synthetic fibre reinforced polymer (SFRP) stirrups into reinforced concrete beams. This investigation revolves around evaluating their effectiveness from two key perspectives: their structural performance and environmental impact. To accomplish this, four set of specimen...

Cold-formed steel (CFS) sections are used to construct medium and low-rise structures designed to carry small-scale loads. CFS sections are manufactured without the application of heat. Therefore, it is crucial to comprehend the properties of CFS sections which are exposed to fire or elevated temperatures. To simulate the real- time fire exposure,...

The porosity of concrete affects the durability of reinforced concrete structures, wherein high levels of porosity are linked to a shorter service life. Recent works have noted that high porosity levels naturally exist in the aftermath of a fire exposure – especially when concrete is classified as high strength concrete (HSC). To shed more light in...

Purpose The present work focuses on evaluating the physical and mechanical characteristics of geopolymer concrete (GPC) by replacing the sodium silicate waste (SSW) in place of traditional river sand. The aim is to create eco-friendly concrete that mitigates the depletion of conventional river sand and conserves natural resources. Additionally, the...

7 Concrete-known for its inert properties-plays a pivotal role in nuclear and radioactive 8 waste storage, providing a robust barrier against radiation. Blended concrete made up of 9 composite materials, namely, barite or magnetite, was recently employed as radiation 10 shielding concrete (RSC). This survey provides a detailed study of different RS...

Cellular lightweight concrete (CLC), also known as foamed concrete, has been extensively used in construction for decades. Foamed concrete’s properties include low density, excellent thermal conductivity, great workability, and selfcompaction; these features enable foamed concrete to be utilized in various contexts. However, the excessive use of co...

Fiber-reinforced geopolymer concrete has been attracting attention and interest worldwide due to its sustainable properties. However, few studies have reported the pull-out behaviour of fiber-reinforced geopolymer concrete (GPC) at elevated temperatures. In order to bridge this knowledge gap, a series of detailed investigations aimed to investigate...

High-performance steel has emerged as an advanced structural material in the construction practice of industrial buildings, due to its excellent properties. However, fire poses a significant threat to cold-formed steel structures, as they are prone to deform and buckle under the exposure, potentially leading to building collapse. This study aimed t...

Geopolymer concrete (GPC) is an emerging green substitute for conventional cement-based concrete. Due to the eco-friendly benefits of GPC, it possesses superior strength properties. Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a special concrete, it has the tendency to pass and fill congested areas without the help of vibrators. As the Self-compacting based G...

The development of sustainable infrastructure is a serious issue faced by modern society. Portland cement is one of the common ingredients in concrete, which influences construction activities. The major issue with the employment of cement in civil-based works is that it is responsible for carbon dioxide emission (CO2-e), the primary greenhouse gas...

The present research investigates the behaviour of sustainable Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) when subjected to high temperatures, focusing on workability, post-fire impact resistance, and the effects of fire protection coatings. To develop environmentally friendly SCC mixes, Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCM) such as Fly Ash (FA), Ground G...

Cement replacement materials have been the subject of increasing levels of research and development in recent years. These products are employed for many reasons, including to modify the properties of concrete, although the most urgent need for their use currently is to produce more sustainable concrete and reduce waste. Recently, nanomaterials suc...

Purpose The construction industries at present are focusing on designing sustainable concrete with less carbon footprint. Considering this aspect, a Fibre-Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete (FGC) was developed with 8 and 10 molarities (M). At elevated temperatures, concrete experiences deterioration of its mechanical properties which is in some cases a...

The present investigation aims to study the mechanical and durability performances of Fly Ash (FA), Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS), and Metakaolin (MK) blended Self-compacting Geopolymer concrete (SCGC). The significance of the investigation is to study the application of SCGC composites over conventional cement concrete for infrastruc...

Structural cracks have serious repercussions on the safety, adaptability, and longevity of structures. Therefore, assessing cracks is an important parameter when evaluating the quality of concrete construction. As numerous cutting-edge automated inspection systems that exploit cracks have been developed, the necessity for individual/personal onsite...

The interconnection between the steel and concrete is frequently weakened by corrosion. Interestingly, it has been observed that nano pozalonic materials offer an economical approach for lowering the permeability of concrete by enhancing its morphological characteristics. This research discusses the impact of nano pozalonic materials on strengtheni...

The addition of nanomaterials to concrete efficiently fills the pores of the concrete, thereby improving its hardening characteristics. However, no research is available in the literature that investigated the influence of nano-cement (NC), nano-silica-fume (NS), nano-fly-ash (NF), and nano-metakaolin (NM), which are used as partial replacements fo...

Cold-formed steel (CFS) sections are light gauge materials widely used to construct industrial structures. CFS construction is gaining more interest among researchers, construction industries, and structural engineers due to its lightweight and cost-effective design. Fire safety in the building is a significant factor to be considered in the design...

Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) is a special concrete that can flow easily across congested reinforcements. Also, it is easy to work with and does not segregate. The present investigation aims at the design and development of sustainable SCC with the employment of industrial by-products such as Fly Ash (FA), Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGB...

Building fires are sometimes unavoidable due to unexpected accidents. During the fire, the structural elements are exposed to temperatures above 1000 °C. Structural concrete loses its strength and stiffness during the heating and cooling cycle. In most cases, during a real fire, the structural elements are cooled by water quenching. It is rare scen...

Geo-polymer concrete (GPC) can be obtained by chemical reactions in industrial products and naturally available alumino silicate sources. The main drawback of GPC is that there are no standard or specific guidelines for mix production. Even though the lack of a proper mix design method limits the geo-polymer acceptance in the industry. In the case...

: Structural concrete has become a highly preferable building material in the construction industry due to its versatile characteristics, such as workability, strength, and durability. When concrete structures are exposed to fire, the mechanical properties of concrete degrade significantly. The research on the residual mechanical properties of conc...

Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a high-performance concrete widely used as a building material. The present investigation examines the effects of age and cooling type (air-cooled and water-cooled) of SCC after being exposed to elevated temperatures and compares them to those of normal conventional concrete (NCC). Two types of concrete; i.e., NCC...

The development of sustainable infrastructure is a serious issue faced by modern society. Portland cement is one of the common ingredients in concrete, which influences construction activities. The major issue with the employment of cement in civil-based works is that it is responsible for carbon dioxide emission (CO2-e), the primary greenhouse gas...

The increase in the population creates an increased demand for construction activities with eco-friendly, sustainable, and high-performance materials. Insulated concrete form (ICF) is an emerging technology that satisfies the sustainability demands of the construction sector. ICF is a composite material (a combination of expanded polystyrene (EPS)...

Geopolymer Concrete (GPC) is a unique and sustainable building material that has the potential to be transformed into a self-compacted lightweight composite for industrial applications. This paper investigates the sustainability of self-compactable lightweight geopolymer concrete (SCLGC) made from Expanded Clay Aggregate (ECA) to further explore th...

Nanomaterials (NMs) are being used to enhance the properties of construction materials. This review focuses on the use of NMs to improve the characteristics of fresh and hardened Geopolymer Composites (GC). Over 335 research publications are reviewed to detail the benefits and drawbacks of the integration of NMs in GC. More specifically, this revie...

Fire accidents are common and one among the serious hazards faced by civil infrastructures; therefore, appropriate measures have to be taken while designing the buildings and structures to ensure the safety of the residents. Reducing the damage caused by fire and the collapse of structural elements are the primary significance in designing concrete...

The present study aims to evaluate the performance of concrete beams with different Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) and steel bars exposed to elevated temperatures through a detailed experimental investigation. Flexural behavior of beams is analyzed with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer bars (CFRP), Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer bars (BFRP), Glass...

In emerging economies, huge stocks of industrial wastes are dumped in open landfills. Such wastes serve as a source for environmental pollution. Some of these materials such as Fly Ash (FA), Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS), Rice Husk Ash (RHA), and Palm Oil Fuel Shell Ash (POFA) can be used as binder materials to produce concrete mix....

Excessive exploitation and increased demand for conventional sand made an unbalanced ecosystem; a suitable and sustainable alternative has to be adopted to preserve the ecosystem. The present investigation examines the performance of Sodium Silicate Waste (SSW), an industrial by-product of 100% sand replacement in geopolymer concrete (GPC). The inv...

The formation of shrinkage cracks is a natural phenomenon in expansive soils. The development of these cracks affects both the physical and mechanical properties of the soil. This paper proposes new procedures for predicting and detecting the formation of crack patterns in expansive soils, based on customized Convolution Neural Network (CNN) and tr...

Crop protection is the prime hindrance to food security. Plant diseases destroy the overall quality and quantity of agricultural products. Grape is an important fruit and a major source of vitamin C nutrients. The automatic decision-making system plays a paramount role in agricultural informatics. This paper aims to detect the diseases in grape lea...

The rapid advancement in computer vision has facilitated new means for the automatic assessment of structural damages. This study aims to develop a deep learning-based autonomous damage detection framework for concrete structures under fire conditions. A hybrid deep learning network comprising of Convolution Neural Network (CNN) and Long Short Term...

Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) is a green construction material widely used in the construction industry. While normal weight concrete has notable performance under fire conditions, the open literature continues to lack works examining the structural fire performance of SCC elements. Intending to bridge this knowledge gap, the present study aims to...

This research presents an investigation that aims to optimize the mix proportion of the High Strength Alkali Activated Concrete (HSAAC) developed using the Taguchi Method (TM). Since Alkali Activated Concrete (AAC) contains a wide range of mix ingredients than conventional cement-based concrete, several trials are required to optimize the strength...

Purpose Most of the industrial buildings which are designed to moderate loads are constructed using light gauge cold-formed steel (CFS) sections. Residual mechanical properties of CFS sections exposed to elevated temperature need to be investigated as it is necessary to predict the deterioration of elements to avoid failure of the structure or its...

Structural concrete is a widely used building material due to its versatile characteristics including higher compressive strength and longevity. However, when exposed to fire, concrete experiences faster degradation in its mechanical properties and is also susceptible to spalling. To overcome this problem, the possibility of lightweight plaster app...

Clay bricks are one of the most widely used materials in building construction due to their advantages, including local availability, ease of fabrication and cost‐effectiveness. Fire is one of the dangerous hazards that can cause damage the life and property. Lightweight plasters play a vital role in insulating the masonry construction during fire...

This investigation presents the experimental studies on mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete (GPC) developed with the addition of sodium silicate waste sediments (SSW) as coarse aggregates. Conventional crushed granite coarse aggregate (CA) was replaced by SSW from the sodium silicate manufacturing plant. The GPC was developed by replacing...

Concrete and reinforcement steel are essential building materials widely used in composite construction due to their advantages, such as strength, durability and ease of availability. Fire is one of the critical hazards that causes severe damage to the structure and leads to progressive collapse. Due to the intensity of fire exposure, the concrete...

Geopolymer concrete (GPC) is a sustainable construction material developed from industrial waste products which eliminates the use of cement. Recycling the concrete waste for the development of GPC can satisfy the goals of this sustainable development. Appropriate trials were performed to accomplish a perfect blend of the binder, alkali activator (...

Purpose This study aims to develop geopolymer concrete (GPC) using manufactured sand (M-sand) and recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) under different curing conditions. GPC is a sustainable construction material developed with industrial waste products such as fly ash to eliminate the use of cement in the production of concrete. GPC requires heat cur...

Crop protection is the prime hindrance for food security. The plant diseases destroy the overall quality and quantity of the agricultural products. Grape is an important fruit and major source of vitamin C nutrients. The automatic decision making system plays a paramount role in agricultural informatics. This paper aims to detect the diseases in gr...