Ana Zorio-Grima

• Associate Professor
• University of Valencia

This research focuses on the implementation of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) pedagogy and its impact on students' acquisition of knowledge, particularly the effectiveness of utilizing movies as a tool to enhance the ethical sensitivity of Auditing students. The results of the study provide support for the proposition that educatio...

This article seeks to bring evidence on public value co-creation between public auditors and auditees, with a focus on the environment, as a matter of pressing interest for the citizens. We analyse data from performance audit reports issued by the European Court of Auditors: the tonality of audit conclusions and the corresponding auditees’ replies...

This research aims to contribute to the debate on fraud on public funds and the work that public auditors perform on this important topic, providing a useful analysis for government officials concerned about accountability, good governance, and transparency. This article presents a retrospective analysis of the European Court of Auditors’ (ECA) rol...

We explore whether the shift to the Expected Credit Loss model (ECL) helps Loan Loss Provisions (LLPs) anticipate future overall banking risk as compared to the Incurred Credit Loss model (ICL). Using a sample of European banks from 2015–2021, we find that ECL is more effective than ICL. We are pioneer to find evidence that stage 2 Loan Loss Allowa...

IMPACT This article is aimed at policy-makers and contributes to the debate on the shift towards performance and non-financial auditing in public sector organizations. It offers useful insights that national regulators and standard setters can consider when introducing new rules and standards in the audit sphere. Regulators and standard setters int...

This research presents an innovative learning experience undertaken in three groups of a financial accounting course at the University of Valencia (Spain). After watching three accounting-related movies, students answered a test based on each movie with questions about the ethical and accounting issues described in them and their satisfaction with...

En este trabajo se explora el uso del razonamiento moral basado en escenarios y la argumentación ética, asíncrona en línea, como estrategia educativa para determinar el despertar hacia la sensibilidad ética de estudiantes de Auditoria. Nuestros objetivos de aprendizaje implican la emisión de juicios por parte de los alumnos y el aprendizaje a travé...

This paper presents an innovative experience to promote student engagement and creativity in the learning of an accounting subject using Instagram. In four groups of Financial Accounting, a first-year introductory course, students have been asked to watch three movies on ethics and accounting. Then they have completed some questionnaires and prepar...

Purpose Supreme audit institutions (SAIs) examine and supervise the activity of public institutions. The study aims at contributing to the existing literature on public sector audit by providing a classification of 29 European SAIs – 28 national SAIs and the European Court of Auditors (ECA) – based on a broad range of attributes varying from the SA...

Purpose The objective of this paper is to analyze in an international setting the relationship between environmental disclosures, carbon emissions and gender equality on the board of directors with the cost of equity (CoE) in the food and beverage sector. Design/methodology/approach The study sample includes 142 listed firms and 1,562 firm-observa...

En este trabajo narramos una experiencia de aprendizaje en la que por primera vez introducimos el cine como metodología docente en un curso de contabilidad de nivel superior para explorar fundamentalmente el concepto de sensibilidad ética.Nuestro estudio evidencia que la sensibilidad ética lograda con el visionado de la película impacta positivamen...

This study presents an innovative experience using movies in an accounting class. The learning experience was found interesting and useful for the learning process in three groups in University XXX. The students voluntarily watched three movies and answered a test for each one, containing questions about the ethical and accounting concepts in the f...

This paper provides an overview of the perceptions held by 623 Colombian students and graduates regarding the learning of IFRS through a MOOC. Data was collected through an online survey and the results were examined via factor analysis. Three main factors were identified: perceived utility; design; and disadvantages. Using multivariate techniques,...

Purpose Corporate social responsibility (CSR) actions are expected to reduce information asymmetries and increase legitimacy among the stakeholders of the company, which consequently should have a positive impact on the financial conditions of the firm. Hence, the objective of this paper is to find empirical evidence on the negative relationship be...

Purpose This paper aims to explore the driving forces for having carbon reporting and carbon reduction management strategies in emerging and developing countries. Design/methodology/approach The methodology employed uses logit and linear panel data models and generalized moments method, to avoid endogeneity problems. Findings The results show tha...

The objective of the paper is to empirically test the relation between carbon emissions, environmental disclosures, assurance of sustainability reports and firms’ Cost of Equity (COE) measured by an Ex-Ante proxy model. The methodological approach uses the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) required to control endogeneity problems using a sample o...

This research contributes to the current climate debate by shedding some light on the driving forces of the disclosure and management of carbon emissions in the context of developed and developing economies. Our findings show that the probability of not reporting total carbon emissions is significantly higher in companies located in a developing th...

This article analyses Social Media (SM) use as a promotion tool for public institutions in the public audit sector. The authors propose a quantitative model to assess online engagement of 94 European audit institutions (national and regional) with their stakeholders, based on SM and web activity metrics of these institutions, with a focus on pressi...

Listed companies have become increasingly aware not only of the importance of being socially responsible but also about reporting their initiatives in this field. Existing research has investigated many of the impacts of the sustainable profile of companies on a wide range of financial dimensions. The link between the cost of equity and sustainabil...

Listed companies have become increasingly aware not only of the importance of being socially responsible but also about reporting their initiatives in this field. Existing research has investigated many of the impacts of the sustainable profile of companies on a wide range of financial dimensions. The link between the cost of equity and sustainabil...

Sometimes class-attendance is a component (or requirement) to benefit from the continuous assessment. The objective of this study is to evidence that some students seem to be getting unfairly penalized for nonattendance. To address this issue, we provide alternative assessment solutions taking into account the different profiles of the students. Th...

This study analyses the relationship of causality between consumer confidence and the economic information ecosystem from subjective (i.e., business sentiment) and objective sources (financial information from listed companies and the stock index). Our sample covers Spain from June 2011 to December 2018. Our results show that consumer confidence an...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine whether audit firms use transparency reports (TRs) as a tool to standardize their brand image or whether the semantic and content analysis in these reports indicates a higher importance of country effects. Design/methodology/approach The sample includes 28 TRs published in English by the Big-4 audit...

Given the increasing concern about sustainability issues in society, graduates and postgraduates going into the labour market benefit from the inclusion of sustainability contents in university studies. Visibility of these contents is gained towards a potential employer if they are explicitly mentioned in the university degree title. This is the fi...

RESUMEN A raíz del Protocolo de Kioto, España crea el Registro Nacional de Huella de Carbono, Compensación y Proyectos de Absorción de Dióxido de Carbono mediante el Real Decreto 163/2014. Ello se constituye en una iniciativa pionera para potenciar que las empresas españolas den visibilidad a su compromiso en la reducción de sus emisiones de Gases...

In the FinTech era, other technological enterprises different from traditional banking are offering financial services (Zalan and Toufaily Zalan et al. Contemporary Economics, 11(4), 2017). Crowdfunding is a materialization of the evolution of entrepreneurial finance, permitting the raising of funds from a crowd of investors through online platform...

In the last decade, companies have started to disclose information on carbon emissions. To our knowledge, this is the first paper to look into this phenomenon in South America, which is a very important geographical area regarding climate change because of the local nature and developing economies. This paper explores the relationships between some...

In the European Higher Education Area, the educational model focuses on the student and the role of Information and Communication Technologies is crucial for the learning and teaching process. This study identifies the characteristics of the students according to their performance in the online tests carried out in a subject of Financial Accounting...

This study investigates the risk profile of banks that get a significant capital level reduction in the EU-wide stress test exercises. Using the CAMELS multifaceted risk approach, we look into the connection between the bank risk factors and the macro stress testing impact on capital. The results show that financial institutions that are inefficien...

In the past decade, the European Court of Auditors’(ECA) methodology has gradually shifted in focus from a “financial and compliance audit” towards a more “performance audit oriented” approach. In its 2018-2020 strategy, the ECA expresses the intention of enhancing the added value of its work in the context of today’s EU financial management, focus...

Purpose The purpose of this research is to identify the combinations of factors leading to experience in sustainability reporting by Spanish public universities. Design/methodology/approach Using a sample of 49 public universities in Spain, this paper identifies the combinations of factors on innovation profile, political and internal factors th...

Este trabajo analiza los Informes Anuales de Transparencia publicados en España en 2010, tras la aprobación de la Ley 12/2010 de Auditoría de Cuentas (LAC), y en 2013, tras la publicación del Reglamento de la LAC y las nuevas propuestas europeas. Los resultados de esta investigación, pionera en nuestro país, evidencian un nivel de transparencia ele...

We analyze the impact that banks' risk profile has on the propensity of sustainability reporting and this reporting quality in the European banks targeted by the 2014 EUwide stress test. Financial institutions (FI) play a social role in the financial inclusion process and they incorporate environmental consideration into the credit risk assessment,...

We analyze the impact that banks' risk profile has on the propensity of sustainability reporting and this reporting quality in the European banks targeted by the 2014 EUwide stress test. Financial institutions (FI) play a social role in the financial inclusion process and they incorporate environmental consideration into the credit risk assessment,...

This paper looks into the different evolution of students’ online questionnaire performance and its impact on the final examination mark. This innovative technique has been used in a group of an introductory financial accounting course with 8 online questionnaires (one per unit) in the Moodle platform. Using cluster analysis, we identify different...

Purpose This paper looks into the new corporate reporting phenomenon, the so-called Integrated Reporting (IR), so as to assess the information level provided, identify trends and explore its determining factors. Design/methodology/approach This study looks into the IR disclosure level of the annual reports published by 91 companies in the Internat...

Leading companies worldwide are increasingly concerned about stakeholders’ needs. They include sustainability initiatives regarding the environment and the community in their business strategy and adopt a new way of communication with stakeholders, that is, the Integrated Report (IR). This document should include in just one document the informatio...

Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyze the factors influencing the MOOC supply level. Specifically, this paper analyzes certain internal and strategic factors associated with universities, such as prestige, public or private status, age, size (measured by the number of faculty members or students) and region. Design/methodology: We apply a de...

Este trabajo reflexiona sobre el distinto proceso de rendimiento de los estudiantes ante una innovadora técnica docente para sustentar la evaluación continua en un grupo de iniciación a la Contabilidad Financiera. Nuestro estudio se basa en el análisis cluster para identificar distintos tipos de perfil de los estudiantes según su rendimiento en 8 t...

The purpose of this paper is to present the results of Moodle questionnaires in an introductory Accounting Course taught in the University of Valencia. This learning platform is new for our University so there is a need to create new resources and plan how to use them in the continuous assessment system. The teacher developed eight questionnaires a...

This paper is based on a survey of 103 accounting educators from different universities of Spain on the use of MOOC, especially as regards teaching IFRS. The results show significant differences in three areas of opinion: i) the importance of the use of Internet and some Web tools for academic use; ii) general knowledge and perception of MOOCs; and...

The purpose of this study is two-fold: firstly, to analyze the benefits of implementing an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system and using eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) format to report in the banking industry considering the industry's specific risks and complexities. Secondly, to show that both, ERP and XBRL are necessary to s...

La información integrada (o informe integrado [IR]) es una de las innovaciones más recientes dentro de la corriente relacionada con informes de sostenibilidad e información no financiera en el mundo. Aunque algunas compañías comenzaron prácticas de IR en la década del 2000 (Eccles y Krzus, 2010), la presentación de informes integrados ha sido recon...

Abstract: Since 2005, consolidated financial statements of European listed groups have been prepared according to IFRS. Nevertheless, the recent economic crisis on top of financial scandals has highlighted the role of oversight agencies and the importance of corporate governance. The purpose of this study is to look into the impact of corporate gov...

Este trabajo presenta un estudio sobre el aseguramiento de los informes de sostenibilidad emitidos en España y Latinoamérica. Sobre una muestra de 783 empresas que envían su informe de sostenibilidad al Global Reporting Initiative, se identifican en primer lugar las características corporativas que conducen a las empresas a someter a aseguramiento...

This study looks into the effects of voluntary sustainability reporting in analysts’ earnings forecasts as a driver for sustainable development. The methodology used is based on a regression model to test whether the issuance of a CSR stand-alone report affects analysts’ forecast errors and forecast dispersion. Forecast error refers to the differen...

This work presents a study about sustainability assurance reports issued in Spain and Latin America. First, on a sample of 783 companies sending their sustainability reports to the Global Reporting Initiative, the corporate characteristics that lead companies to submit the report for its assurance are identified. The second stage is the analysis of...

Typologies can be an adequate tool for analyzing the complex cause-effect relationships between innovation and the supply of university courses. This study presents a new theoretical perspective on causal core and periphery factors for MOOC-intensiveness in universities using fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA). The findings show how...

This study investigates the impact that 2011 European Union (EU) stress test had on the current 2010 Tier 1 Capital Ratio and how the magnitude of this impact relates to the risk profile of the targeted financial institutions using the CAMELS approach. We also look into the difference between the stress testing results for 2011 and 2012 and the cur...

En los últimos años, y como consecuencia de la entrada de España en la Unión Monetaria, se ha impuesto para las Administraciones públicas un nuevo marco presupuestario-financiero definido por el Pacto de Estabilidad y Crecimiento y la Ley General de Estabilidad Presupuestaria, que ha introducido cambios en el planteamiento de la financiación de pro...

The purpose of this paper is two-fold. Firstly, we aim to analyze the benefits of implementing an ERP system and using XBRL format to report in the banking industry considering the industry’s specific risks and complexities. Secondly, we show that both, ERP and XBRL are needed to successfully use CAATs while performing audit procedures to verify th...

The purpose of this paper is two-fold. Firstly, we aim to analyze the benefits of implementing an ERP system and using XBRL format to report in the banking industry considering the industry’s specific risks and complexities. Secondly, we show that both, ERP and XBRL are needed to successfully use CAATs while performing audit procedures to verify th...

Las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera (NIIF), emitidas por el International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) y los US-GAAP, son hoy el referente global en convergencia hacia un estándar global. Las NIIF se utilizan fundamentalmente en los mercados de capitales, si bien carecen de una superestructura que garantice un sistema contable...

The application of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) is mandatory for European listed groups since 2005. This measure is intended to gain greater credibility in financial information systems, called into question following the recent accounting scandals, which have Reinforcing the role of the supervisory and control. Using fuzzy te...

Para dar mayor credibilidad a la información publicada en los informes de responsabilidad social corporativa se asigna a estos de un proceso de aseguramiento por parte de un experto externo. Esta investigación se basa en 1.021 observaciones de 12 países de Latinoamérica durante los años 2006- 2010. A la vista de los resultados, podemos concluir que...

Spain is the world's leading country as regards corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting (KPMG, 2011). In addition, Spain is taking new initiatives with regard to environmental policy, sustainable development, and stakeholder engagement in accordance with Law 2/2011.This is why we choose Spain as the setting to analyze whether the determinan...

There is a rising trend among companies to publish their sustainability or corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports. Assurance of these reports is a valuable voluntary tool to provide them with higher credibility. Nonetheless, the quality of assurance reports differs in practice and the objective of this paper is to provide evidence in this ne...

There is increasing interest in integrated reporting that includes the company's financial, governance, environmental, and social performance. For this reason, the main objective of this investigation is to study why companies are producing integrated reporting, paying special attention to the links with the assurance of the corporate social respon...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to shed some light on the effect of the current financial crisis on corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting and CSR assurance strategies that companies disclose online to stakeholders, by dividing the time horizon into two periods, before 2008 and from 2008. Design/methodology/approach – The sample in...

A Unión Europea respondeu á crise financeira internacional tomando medidas que permitan recuperar a estabilidade nos mercados e favorecer o crecemento económico nos Estados membros. No terreo da auditoría, no ano 2010 publicouse o documento «Libro Verde. Política de auditoría: lecciones de la crisis», que mostra a intención da Comisión Europea de a...

This paper analyses the current situation as regards entry requirements to the accounting profession from an international perspective. Auditing is a public interest service so it is regulated in different jurisdictions. Our results show that even though this service is dominated by global multinational companies and entry barriers to foreign marke...

The European Union has responded to the financial crisis by taking measures to stabilize the fi-nancial system and to promote economic growth in the Member States. In the audit field, in 2010 the do-cument Green Paper Audit Policy: Lessons from the Crisis, shows the intention of the European Commis-sion to assume an international leadership in audi...

This paper discusses the introduction of new teaching methods on a trial basis in a Financial Accounting course. Several types of new techniques have been used in class: conceptual maps, crosswords, puzzles —cooperative learning— and on-line tests, among others. The improvement in student's performance in analyzed by comparing it with results from...

La escasa investigación internacional sobre auditoría en el ámbito latinoamericano ha motivado el desarrollo de esta investigación. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar empíricamente los factores que influyen en el monto de los honorarios de auditoría en México, partiendo de una muestra de 59 empresas que cotizan en la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores...

La verificacion externa dota de mayor credibilidad a los informes de Responsabilidad Social Corporativa (RSC). Este trabajo muestra los resultados de un estudio empirico, durante 2005-2009, sobre la verificacion de 2.685 informes de sostenibilidad elaborados por empresas europeas. Los resultados senalan que la decision de verificacion depende del t...

Following the dramatic financial scandals at the turn of the millennium, the financial system reporting framework has changed considerably to restore confidence among investors. In 2002, Spain was one of the pioneer EU member countries to regulate audit quality and protect auditor independence. In the specific setting of Spain, the objective of thi...

Many countries worldwide, and in Europe and Latin America in particular, are converging with the IASB model. This accounting model is giving increasing importance to a new concept of accounting income, i.e. the so call concept of Comprehensive Income. Thus, IAS 1 (2007) has introduced some changes that are analyzed in this paper, as is the situatio...

A lack of international research about auditing in the Latin American ambit has motivated the development of this study. Its objective is to analyze empirically the factors that influence auditing fees in Mexico, based on a sample of 59 companies trading on the Mexican Stock Exchange (Bolsa Mexicana de Valores-BMV) from 2002 to 2008. In line with p...

The aim of this paper is to look into the current regulation of accounting in Spain and the main lines of its future reform towards a high-quality reporting framework based on International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), as a result of the EU Regulation 1606/2002. A critical analysis is provided on the perspectives and reactions triggered by...

This paper examines the audit report of 147 firms from the European Union that prepare their financial statements in compliance with the standards developed by the International Accounting Standards Board. Bearing in mind that the consolidated accounts of listed companies will follow IAS from 2005 onwards, the purpose of this paper is to provide so...

The objective of this paper is to present a theoretical approach to this concept. Its recent use in the accounting realm is the result of the conflict of interests in the new stage of the harmonisation process. To provide a rather precise definition of the idea of «quality» has proved to be a very difficult task, even though some areas of consensus...

En este trabajo intentamos aproximarnos a ese concepto teórico, cuya reciente aplicación a la doctrina contable es fruto del conflicto de intereses que supone el nuevo estadio del proceso de armonización contable. Lograr una definición más o menos precisa del término "calidad" ha resultado una ardua tarea, si bien hemos detectado algunos puntos de...

Throughout the 1990s, we have witnessed a wave of publications on the Codes of Corporate Governance in different countries. The main objective of these codes is to improve the Corporate Governance of firms by providing recommendations for companies. One of the frequent recommendations is to create an audit committee within the company, with a view...

Throughout the 1990s, we have witnessed a wave of publications on the Codes of Corporate Governance in different countries. The main objective of these codes is to improve the Corporate Governance of firms by providing recommendations for companies. One of the frequent recommendations is to create an audit committee within the company, with a view...

En esta última década hemos sido testigos de una oleada de publicaciones de Códigos de Buen Gobierno, en distintos países. El objetivo principal de los mismos consiste en mejorar el gobierno de las sociedades, indicando a tal efecto las recomendaciones que deben seguir las empresas para lograr dicho propósito. De este modo, resulta frecuente la rec...

As a result of globalization, the accounting profession has become increasingly aware of the need to establish a single set of accounting standards that would be valid in the international arena. Recent events highlight the timeliness of this study, which provides an empirical measurement of International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) progr...

Ante la exigencia de que las empresas europeas cotizadas elaboren sus estados financieros consolidados de acuerdo con la normativa del IASE a partir de 2005, la Unión Europea ha modificado recientemente la IV y VII Directivas para introducir el valor razonable como criterio de medición de los instrumentos financieros. De este modo, se posibilita el...

Since listed companies will be required to prepare their consolidated annual accounts in accordance with IASB standards, from 2005 at the la test, the European Commission has recently modified the IV and VII Accounting Directives, in order to introduce fair value accounting for financial instruments. This way, companies can comply with IAS 39 and o...

RESUMEN Este trabajo examina las características de una muestra de empresas de la Unión Europea que elaboran sus estados financieros de acuerdo con la normativa del International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC). El objetivo de este estudio es proporcionar una predicción de la aplicación de la reciente propuesta contenida en el documento de la...

En este trabajo presentamos un juicio crítico de las importantes decisiones que la Comisión Europea ha adoptado a lo largo del pasado año 2000, con miras a implantar definitivamente una estrategia sobre armonización contable. Consideramos que este trabajo es de especial importancia en el contexto de esta Conferencia Internacional, dado que muchos o...

En el contexto del nuevo Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior se da gran importancia al rol activo que ha de desempeñar el estudiante en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Para ello se requieren nuevas metodologías que incentiven la participación en clase del estudiante y potencien su motivación y aprendizaje autónomo. En estas páginas, analizam...