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Publications (89)
Low-density polyethylene-based packaging with 4% lemon extract (LDPE/4LE) and two polylactic-based (PLA) packaging materials with 4% and 6% lemon extract (PLA/PEG/4LE and PLA/6LE) were produced. O2 and water permeability tests were performed, the total and individual phenolic compounds content were measured, and the films’ antioxidant activities we...
A simple, fast and effective direct method based on HPLC-APCI-QqQ-MS/MS has been developed to simultaneously determine four 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol monoesters (3-MCPDE) esterified with palmitic, linoleic, stearic, and oleic acid, and two glycidyl esters (GE) with palmitic and oleic acid in margarine and olive oil using a QuEChERS approach. Fac...
The internal surface of food and beverage cans is generally covered with polymeric coatings to preserve food and protect metal substrate from corrosion. Coating materials are complex formulations that contain different starting substances (e.g., monomers, prepolymers, additives, etc.) and in addition during the manufacture of the material several c...
This study focused on the recovery of antioxidant compounds from lemon and tomato by-products for use as natural additives in the development of active food packaging formulated using three different polymeric matrices that included low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polylactic acid (PLA), and G-polymer (GP). The films were characterized according to...
Human dietary exposure to chemicals is a priority issue for public health authorities and constitutes a key step in risk evaluations. The safety of food contact materials, such as food packaging, is a main topic in the field of food safety in the EU and requires the evaluation of the chemical substances that can migrate from the material into the f...
The effect of the different processing technologies and the extraction techniques on the bioactive compounds and nutritional value of seaweeds is reviewed in this study. This work presents and discusses the main seaweeds treatments such as drying, heating, and culinary treatments, and how they affect their nutritional value, the bioactive compounds...
This study evaluated the chemical behaviour of bisphenol S (BPS) and determined its bioaccessibility after human ingestion using a standardised in vitro gastrointestinal digestion protocol and an analytical method based on high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with a photodiode array and tandem mass spectrometry. The effects of different fact...
Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are synthetic chemical compounds widely used in different industry fields including food contact materials (FCM), providing resistance to fat and humidity, and non-stick properties. PFAS enter into the food chain directly from the intake of contaminated food or indirectly from the migration of th...
Major types of internal can coatings used for food and beverages are made from synthetic polymers known as epoxy-based resins, mainly based on bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE). The migration of components from coatings to food is a concern for food safety. A multiresidue method was developed for the identification and quantification of six bisp...
Inhaled administration of ethanol in the early stages of COVID‐19 would favor its location
on the initial replication sites, being able to reduce the progression of the disease and improving its prognosis. Before evaluating the efficacy and safety of this novel therapeutic strategy in humans, its characterization is required. The developed 65° etha...
Major type of internal can coating used for food and beverages is made from epoxy resins, which contain among their components bisphenol A (BPA) or bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE). These components can be released and contaminate the food or beverage. There is no specific European legislation for coatings, but there is legislation on specific...
Many food formulations use fruits as their main component generating, in most cases, a large portion of fruits by-products which are generally considered as food waste. These by-products, due to its varied composition of active compounds, must be discarded in a responsible and ecological manner by the food industries, which can increase the final c...
Packaging materials are subject to risk assessment since they can transfer their components to the food, and they may constitute a risk for the consumers’ health. Therefore, estimating the exposure to chemicals migrating from packaging is required. In this study, a novel approach based on a total diet study (TDS)-like investigation to evaluate the...
Food packaging has received special attention from the food safety standpoint since it could be a potential source of contamination through the migration of chemical substances from the packaging material into food. The assessment of the exposure through the diet to these contaminants from food packaging is necessary. In this work, an estimation of...
Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the chemicals used to produce both polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resin coatings. Research has shown that small amounts of BPA can migrate into the foods and beverages enclosed in these types of containers. In this research, an analytical method based on high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detectio...
The coatings used in cans can release complex chemical mixtures into foodstuffs. Therefore, it is important to develop analytical methods for the identification of these potential migrant compounds in packaged food to guarantee the compliance with European food packaging legislation and ensure consumer safety. In the present work, the type of coati...
The Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) has reported many cases of different UV curing inks components in foodstuffs during the last few years. These contaminants reach foodstuffs mainly by set-off, their principal migration mechanism from the package. Under this premise, this work has tried to characterize the process of migration of two...
Xanthohumol (XN) is the main prenylated chalcone present in hops (Humulus lupulus) with high biological activity, and it is of great importance for human health because of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive and chemopreventive properties. This polyphenol can be included in the diet through foods in which hops are used, such as be...
A wide variety of compounds are used in the manufacture of plastic materials; however, some of them have the potential to migrate in food products.
The main objective of this work was the identification of potential migrants in plastic packaging materials and their migration into food simulants. For this purpose, a total of twelve plastic packaging...
Food packaging may be a potential source of contamination, through the migration of chemicals from the packaging into the food, thus food consumption is an important route of human exposure to packaging contaminants.
In the present study an approach to estimate the exposure to different chemicals transferred from food packaging was designed. As a f...
Food packaging is a key part within the food safety. The components of these food contact materials should be studied with great caution because they can migrate to the food depending on several factors. Many of these food containers are made of materials such as polycarbonates or paper and cardboard. These polymeric materials can decompose at high...
BACKGROUND
Migration is a mass transfer process in which chemical substances with a low molecular weight are transferred from packaging into food. This phenomenon has received great attention from a food safety point of view because these chemicals could potentially represent a risk for consumers' health.
The present study investigated the process...
Food packaging materials may be a potential source of contamination through the migration of components from the material into foodstuffs. Potential migrants can be known substances such as additives (e.g., plasticizers, stabilizers, antioxidants, etc.), monomers, and so on. However, they can also be unknown substances, which could be non-intention...
The aim of this work was to study the interactions between polypropylene (PP) food packaging for fatty products (margarine) and food simulant. For this purpose, a simulant (olive oil) was used in two different temperatures (20°C and 40°C). The interaction phenomena were investigated according to the rate of mass variation of PP samples with time an...
Plastic materials are widely used in food packaging applications; however, there is increased concern because of the possible release of undesirable components into foodstuffs. Migration of plastic constituents not only has the potential to affect product quality but also constitutes a risk to consumer health. In order to check the safety of food c...
The oxygen can have an adverse effect on the quality of some foods leading to a decrease in their shelf-life. Several approaches have been applied to remove the oxygen concentration in packed food; among them, oxygen scavengers have been widely used to preserve oxygen-sensitive foods. In the present study, an experimental set-up was designed to eva...
The aim of the present study was to determine the migration kinetics of one photoinitiator, benzophenone, and two optical brighteners, Uvitex OB and 1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene (DPBD) from low-density polyethylene (LDPE) films into cake. We assessed transfer by both direct contact and also the vapour phase.
To perform the migration tests by direct c...
Biodegradable polymers are gaining interest as antimicrobial carriers in active packaging. In the present study, two active films based on chitosan (1.5% w/v) and methylcellulose (3% w/v) enriched with natamycin were prepared by casting. The antimicrobial’s release behavior was evaluated by immersion of the films in 95% ethanol (v/v) at different t...
In the past years, there has been growing interest in the development of molecularly imprinted polymers. Molecular imprinting technology have been widely used in different fields including pharmaceutical biotechnological and chemical industries, water purification and food and environment analysis. These materials have been successfully applied in...
This chapter provides an overview of studies about antimicrobial (AM) food packaging based on biodegradable materials. Due to the environmental problems related to non-biodegradability of petrochemical-based plastics, biopolymers are now being considered as an alternative to synthetic polymers for several applications, including AM packaging for fo...
Trans-stilbenes belong to the group of polyphenolic phytoalexins, and occur in many plant foods. These compounds have received great attention by researchers due to their well-known beneficial health effects. In the present study a chromatographic method that comprises the use of variable wavelength (VWD) and fluorescence (FLD) detectors in series...
Two HPLC–UV rapid methods have been developed to quantify and identify melamine, ammeline, ammelide and formaldehyde in samples of melamine plastic kitchenware. Eighteen samples of melamine articles purchased at various markets in Galicia (Spain) and Quito (Ecuador) were analyzed. Melamine analysis was carried out using a HILIC column (150 × 3 mm,...
New active films based on chitosan and polycaprolactone blends and containing α-tocopherol were designed for food packaging applications. Mechanical properties, stability against temperature and swelling degree in 50 % ethanol (v/v) were evaluated. Migration kinetics of α-tocopherol from the developed films into butter and food simulants [50 % etha...
The mass transport process (migration) of a model substance, benzophenone (BZP), from LDPE into selected foodstuffs at three temperatures was studied. A mathematical model based on Fick's Second Law of Diffusion was used to simulate the migration process and a good correlation between experimental and predicted values was found. The acquired result...
Studies on nanoparticles have focused the attention of the researchers because they can produce nanocomposites that exhibit unexpected hybrid properties. Polymeric materials are commonly used in food packaging, but from the standpoint of food safety, one of the main concerns on the use of these materials is the potential migration of low molecular...
In the present work, the migration of three chemicals, benzophenone, 1,4-diphenylbutadiene and Uvitex® OB from low-density polyethylene samples into the food simulant, 50% ethanol (v/v), was studied. The key parameters of the diffusion process, the partition and diffusion coefficients, were calculated by using a mathematical model based on Fick’s S...
Active antimicrobial films based on biodegradable materials are now widely used for food packaging applications.
In the present study, an extrusion process was used to prepare biodegradable films based on polylactic acid PLA and supplemented with sorbic acid and seaweeds (PLA + 0.5% sorbic acid; PLA + 0.5% sorbic acid + 8% seaweed).
The kinetics of...
The effect of replacing the on-board currently employed polyethylene film by a novel type of environmentally friendly packaging was studied. For it, a polylactic acid (PLA) biodegradable film including lyophilised alga Fucus spiralis and sorbic acid was applied during megrim (Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis) refrigeration and its effect on fish quality...
UV printing inks are considered safer than the classical inks; however, despite being on the outer surface of the packaging material, their components can migrate into foodstuffs and can give rise to contamination. Photoinitiators are a part of the formulation of printing inks, being an important class of migrant, for which there have been more tha...
Traditionally, most synthetically developed materials are hardened by heating them to an elevated temperature, a process requiring large amounts of energy and space. Interest in photo cured materials using UV-light is growing due to simplifications in manufacturing and growing environmental concerns; it is expected photocuring could reduce electric...
A novel active packaging based on molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was developed for the controlled release of ferulic acid. The release kinetics of ferulic acid from the active system to food simulants (10, 20, and 50% ethanol (v/v), 3% acetic acid (w/v), and vegetable oil), substitutes (95% ethanol (v/v) and isooctane), and real food samples a...
It is a well known fact that amines are not stable in food of fatty nature. In this study the synthesis and characterization of the products obtained as a result of the reaction of amines in a fatty medium is reported. Based on the well known reactions among amines and acid and esters groups, two novel compounds have been synthesized using m-xylyle...
The aim of this paper was to characterize chitosan samples from the shrimp shells for the later development of antimicrobial active systems. These systems include 100 % chitosan-based films obtained by casting, polyamide films with 5 and 10 % of chitosan obtained by extrusion and polyethylene/polyethylene terephthalate films with a coating of 0.6 %...
Photoinitiators (PIs) are components of UV-cured inks widely used in printing of food packaging. These substances can migrate into food and may be a hazard to human health. High-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC–DAD) has been used for analysis of PIs and amine synergists in food packaging. Analysis was performed wit...
Several studies have demonstrated that seaweeds besides their nutritional properties such as high content in dietary fibre, proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids and low content in saturated fats are an excellent source of compounds with biological activity. Among the bioactive substances, antioxidants have attracted the attention of the scientific...
Volatile component profiles of fresh seaweed Laminaria spp and Undaria pinnatífida were analyzed using dynamic headspace for volatile profile evaluation, which allows the direct analysis of small quantities of sample without previous treatment and have been identified by GC-MS. Alcohols were the most important class of volatile compounds identified...
Natamycin is an antibiotic belonging to the group of polyene macrolides extensively employed as additive to prevent the microbial deterioration in food. The Annex III of the Directive 95/2/EC fixes in 1 mg/dm2 the maximum level of the antifungal allowed in the final product.Reliable and sensitive methods for the analysis of natamycin are required t...
Nowadays, there is increasing interest in natural antioxidants from food by-products. Astaxanthin is a potent antioxidant and one of the major carotenoids in crustaceans and salmonids. An ultra-high pressure liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for the determination of astaxanthin in shrimp by-products, and its migration from n...
Recently, it has been demonstrated that the main Bisphenol A (BPA) release is a degradation process originated by the contact between detergent and polycarbonate (PC) at high temperatures. EU Laws for food contact materials authorize the use of BPA for food contact PC articles (some for the use of young children), and consequently, the degradation...
Volatile amines including, methylamine, dimethylamine and trimethylamine have been widely used for measuring freshness of seafood. In the present work an SPME-GC-FID method to evaluate the volatile amine contents in fish samples stored under controlled conditions was developed. The optimum conditions for the extraction of amines were as follows: 50...
Chitosan, a multiple applications molecule, was isolated from shrimp by-products by fermentation. The amount of chitosan in the solid fraction of the fermented extract was measured after its conversion in the respective glucosamine units. The procedure includes an acid hydrolysis (110 °C, 4 h with HCl 8 M) and a derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethy...
Antimicrobial films for food packaging applications have received increasing attention from the industry in recent years. Due to their exceptional properties, such as non-toxicity, biodegradability, antimicrobial characteristics, and biocompatibility, chitosan has proven useful for the development of active materials. This review aims to provide an...
In the present paper, bioactive compounds including vitamin C, vitamin E, carotenoids, chlorophylls, and total polyphenols were determined in four species of seaweeds (Laminaria spp., Porphyra umbilicalis, Himanthalia elongata, and Palmaria palmata).The antioxidant activity was also evaluated. The vitamin C and vitamin E contents ranged from 0.61 t...
This paper describes the development of a multi-analyte method for the determination of polyfunctional amines commonly used as monomers in the manufacture of food contact materials. Amines were analyzed by high-performance-liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) after derivatization with dansyl chloride. The chromatographic anal...
In the present study, a reversed high performance liquid chromatographic method with diode array detection was developed to analyze histamine in sea food samples. The separation was performed on a Kromasil ODS (C18) (150x3.20 mm, 5 mu m) column thermostated at 25 degrees C and using a gradient of Milli-Q water and methanol as mobile phase. The biog...
Chitosan (CAS n. 9012-76-4) is a natural polysaccharide obtained by the partial deacetylation of chitin. It is a linear polymer of β (1-4) 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose and 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose in different proportions. Chitin is the most abundant polysaccharide after cellulose and the main source is the shells of crustaceans. It has been demo...
Polyfunctional amines are a group of substances commonly used as additives or monomers in food-contact materials. These substances can migrate into foodstuffs and, consequently, may be potentially dangerous for human health. Due to their different chemical structures and physicochemical properties there does not exist a standard method to analyze p...
Photo-initiators are used in printing inks hardened with UV light and one of the most commonly used photo-initiators is benzophenone (BP). Recent notifications under the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed have shown migration of 4-methylbenzophenone (4-MBP) from packaging into cereals. A specific migration limit exists for BP of 0.6 mg kg(-1) for...
In the present study, a reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method to analyse polyphenols in red and brown macroalgae for human consumption is presented. Different parameters that influence the extraction procedure such as solvent volume and composition, extraction time and temperature and sample amount were optimised. In addition three homogenis...
Seaweeds are an excellent source of compounds with biological activity. Among the bioactive substances identified, antioxidants
have received particular interest due to their beneficial effects on health. In the present study, the total phenolic content
and the pigment contents in edible seaweeds were evaluated. The total phenolic content was deter...
Photoinitiators are components widely used in UV-cured inks for printing food packaging. In the present study, the migration of seven photoinitiators through the vapor phase was investigated. To perform the migration test, an additive enriched polyethylene wax was used as a source to release photoinitiators. The method was applied to evaluate the m...
A high-performance liquid chromatographic method coupled with UV and fluorescence detectors for the determination of polyphenols in white wines samples is reported. The proposed method was validated regarding linearity, repeatabilities within day and between days, recoveries and polyphenol stabilities.Eleven phenolic compounds including, flavanols...
A simple and rapid liquid chromatographic method based on a new stationary phase Teknokroma, Tr-010065 Mediterranea sea18 (15 cm × 0.4 cm, id 3 μm), to determine ascorbic acid in beverages is reported. With the proposed method the samples were analysed by direct injection without a previous treatment. The total analysis time does not exceed 6 min....
In the present work, a high performance liquid chromatographic method with UV detection for the separation of six organic acids including, tartaric, malic, acetic, lactic, citric and succinic is described. The separation was performed on a novel stationary phase TEKNOKROMA, Tr-010065 Mediterranea sea(18) (15 cm x 0.4 cm, i.d. 3 microm) and using wa...
In this study, a conventional TEKNOKROMA, Tr-015605 TRACER EXTRASIL ODS2 (25 cm x 0.4 cm, i.d. 5 microm) column and a new stationary phase TEKNOKROMA, Tr-010065 Mediterranea sea(18) (15 cm x 0.4 cm, i.d. 3 microm) were compared for the separation of five phenolic compounds. Sensitivity, performance characteristics, analysis time and method validati...
This study reports the optimization of a method for the determination of vitamin E and carotenoids in shells of Chionoecetes opilio samples by online HPLC coupled with UV-vis and fluorescence detectors. The carotenoids were determined with diode-array detector (lambda 450 nm) and vitamin E with fluorescence detection (lambda(ex) 288, lambda(em) 331...
A method for the determination of malvidin 3-O-glucoside (Oenin), and malvidin 3, 5-O-diglucoside (Malvin) in wines by on line HPLC coupled with UV, and fluorescence detectors is described. With the proposed method the sam-ples were analysed by direct injection without a previous treatment. For method validation, satisfactory recoveries (> 95%) and...
A simple and rapid HPLC method with UV and fluorescence detection (FLD) for the separation of ten phenolic compounds including gallic acid, catechin, epicatechin, caffeic acid, coumaric, trans-piceid, cis-piceid, trans-resveratrol, cis-resveratrol and quercetin is reported. The UV and fluorescence detector in series provided a high selectivity for...
Some carotenoids, besides provitamin A activity, have antioxidant capacity. These properties together with epidemiological studies that establish an association between a high vegetable intake and a lower risk of chronic degenerative diseases, such as certain types of cancer or cardiovascular diseases have increased the interest on the analysis of...
Hexanal (an oxidative state indicator) formed in the headspace of potato crisps during storage was evaluated using two different procedures. First, solid-phase microextraction, an innovative sampling preparation methodology was used. It consisted on the absorption of analytes directly from samples and subsequent thermal desorption on the gas chroma...
Thiamin and riboflavin were determined in the sea urchin, Paracentrotus lividus, by reversed-phase liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection and a mobile phase consisting of 72% 0.005 M NH(4)OAc and 28% MeOH at a flow rate of 1.450 ml/min. The total analysis time never exceeded 20 min. After acid hydrolysis and enzymatic digestion, thiamin...
A reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HLPC) method was compared with a gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) method for determining fatty acids in potato crisps. Different extraction procedures were used. Fatty acids were quantified by linear regression. Both methods presented good precision (R.S.D. < or = 5....
A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method, with a combination of fluorescence and ultraviolet detectors, to determine the folate forms present in commercial macroalgae products form northwest Spain as part of nutritional studies in dehydrated and canned seaweeds is reported. The method includes extraction of folates from...
Glycerides in eight commercial potato crisps were identified after conversion to fatty acids. The profiles were analysed and compared, with regard to 14 fatty acids, by use of a gas chromatographic method. Results showed that the fatty acid profile is quite variable among brands and depends on the type of oil used in the frying process. To provide...
A simple high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for determination of major phospholipid classes in sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus is described. The separation was performed on a Tracer Extrasil SI 5 microm 25 x 0.4 cm column and an isocratic mobile phase of acetonitrile-methanol 85%-phosphoric acid (50:50:1.8, v/v). The HPLC method...
En este trabajo se han determinado diferentes componentes nutritivos (vitaminas hidrosolubles, liposolubles, ácidos grasos, aminoácidos, etc) y componentes organolépticos (sustancias responsables del aroma, y pigmentos) en el erizo de mar Paracentrotus lividus. A pesar de que existen numerosos trabajos sobre el erizo de mar la práctica totalidad de...