Ana Merchán Clavellino

Universidad de Cádiz | UCA · Department of Psychology

Intimate partner violence is a multidimensional phenomenon encompassing psychological, physical, and sexual components. Violence in young couples is common in our society. This kind of violence is usually bidirectional, which adds to its complexity. This study aimed to explore how victimization (in three dimensions: non-abuse, technical mistreatmen...

The restrictive measures put into place to control the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 have prompted the need to study the possible health impacts in the middle term. Deprivation of the fundamental right to mobility results in an increase in affective disorders and the risks that they entail for the population. The goal of this study is to examine anxiet...

In recent decades, the study of psychotherapy effectiveness has been one of the pillars of clinical research because of its implication for therapeutic cure. However, although many studies have focused their interest on the patient’s perception, there are no instruments oriented to the study of psychotherapists’ attributions of effectiveness: to wh...

In March of 2020, as a consequence of the health crisis caused by the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus, the State of Alarm and home confinement of the entire population was imposed in Spain. It is foreseeable that this exceptional situation will have psychological effects on citizens. In this work, the impact of confinement on perceived sleep quality an...

The pandemic generated by COVID-19 is one of the most complex challenges humanity has faced in recent years. This study aims to explore the levels of dispositional optimism, resilience and psychological well-being in the sociodemographic and economic situation produced during the state of alarm and to investigate the resilience mediation between op...

Nowadays, students are experiencing difficult and stressful situations due to the Global Pandemic Alert. This changing world can evoke negative emotions that have been traditionally linked to higher anxiety. Researches have been focused on the positive outcomes of trait emotional intelligence (TEI) preventing psychological disorders. However, the p...

Cancer is a chronic disease that causes the most deaths in the world, being a public health problem nowadays. Even though breast cancer affects the daily lives of patients, many women become resilient after the disease, decreasing the impact of the diagnosis. Based on a positive psychology approach, the concept of co-vitality arises understood as a...

The wine with the designation of origin “Jerez-Xerez-Sherry” is one of the most produced in Spain and with a greater volume of exports abroad. This study analyzes the preferences of Sherry Wine and its different varieties, based on gender and knowledge and interest in the world of wine. Similarly, the influence of the attributes of Sherry Wine on i...

Este estudio indaga en la percepción que la población femenina posee acerca del patrón corporal imperante en la publicidad de las revistas femeninas de alta gama españolas. Los resultados apuntan que este sector enaltece en sus páginas publicitarias a modelos que exhiben patrones corporales restrictivos, PCE, que se establecen como paradigma del id...

Alcohol consumption in young people is a public health problem. Due to the harmful consequences and the large population using alcoholic substances, it would be important to determine the biological, psychological, and social factors associated with alcohol use and abuse. The main object of this study is to explore which components of impulsivity,...

Las mujeres reales son conscientes de cómo el patrón corporal femenino que exhibe una modelo en la publicidad no contiene solamente dimensiones estéticas que atañen y repercuten a su cuerpo, sino que en base a éste a la mujer se le atribuirán diferentes roles sociales que repercutirán en el universo femenino que quede plasmado en cada escena de la...

En el actual contexto capitalista y patriarcal se sigue proponiendo, articulando y enalteciendo, desde los medios de comunicación y desde sus herramientas comerciales, el cuerpo de la mujer como eje central del universo femenino, atendiendo a que la belleza continúa considerándose como el atributo que por excelencia representa y encumbra a la mujer...

Based on the somatic marker hypothesis (Damasio, 1994), many studies have examined whether or not physiological responses are “somatic markers” that implicitly guide the decision making process. Vegetative or motor reactions that are produced by negative or positive stimuli generate a series of somatic markers. So, when a similar stimuli is encount...

Desde la integración de las universidades españolas en el Plan Bolonia se fomenta una mayor autonomía del estudiante en la adquisición del conocimiento y de su práctica aplicada; sin embargo, no se está analizando los procesos neuropsicológicos de las funciones ejecutivas (FF.EE.), como es la toma de decisiones (TD), necesarios para vehiculizar dic...

The prevalence of mental disorders in primary care has been the subject of numerous studies and is between 24 and 30% in our environment. However, only between one third and half of the cases are correctly recognized by the Primary Care physician, no differences were found in attitudes or knowledge between Primary Care physician with training via M...

La juventud es una de las etapas marcadas por el inicio de conductas de riesgo, comportamientos que estudios previos asocian a niveles altos de impulsividad, de Búsqueda de Sensaciones (BS) y a un manejo inadecuado de la Inteligencia Emocional (IE). Estos factores se relacionan y necesitan un modelo explicativo, así como realizar una comparativa de...

Anxiety is one of the psychological disorders more registered in general population and with a greater presence in the university area (Agudelo, Casadiegos & Sánchez, 2008). The new demands, the competitiveness and the vertiginous changes threaten the mental health of many undergraduate students (Martínez-Otero, 2014). Thus, the objective of this r...

University students maintain sexist stereotypes and sexist violence (Flores & Espejel, 2015; López, 2015), and few studies include specific training in gender or, in a transversal way, the gender perspective (Barberá & Cala, 2008; Donoso & Velázquez, 2013; Guarinos, Caro & Cobo Durán, 2018; Menéndez, 2014). In this context, we have asked ourselves...

In recent years, the increase in substance use in women is due to its new role in modern societies (Hammond, 2009). Women's liberation has been associated with their massive incorporation to the world of work. It has caused an accelerated way of life that often leads to an increase in stress, anxiety or depressive symptoms, exacerbated by tobacco u...

RESUMEN Desde la integración de las universidades españolas en el Plan Bolonia se fomenta una mayor autonomía del estudiante en la adquisición del conocimiento y de su práctica aplicada; sin embargo , no se está analizando los procesos neuropsicológicos de las funciones ejecutivas (FF.EE.), como es la toma de decisiones (TD), necesarios para vehicu...

The current study analyzed how trait emotional intelligence (trait EI) mediates the relationship between self-esteem and state anxiety and trait anxiety. The sample was composed of 153 undergraduate students from the University of Cádiz, Spain (71.9% women and 28.1% men). Students completed measures of self-esteem, state anxiety, trait anxiety, and...

Gray (1970, 1981, 1987) proposed a behavioral motivation theory (Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory, RST), which describes the Behavioral Activation/Approach System (BAS) and the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS). Some studies relate higher activation of BAS to positive affect, whereas BIS activation is linked to negative affect, particularly to hig...

Introducción: en la percepción sensorial del gusto, los conceptos de umbral absoluto (UA), los métodos psicofísicos para estimarlo y la influencia que ejerce el conocimiento previo sobre su percepción y reconocimiento son de difícil aprendizaje por su escaso estado de conciencia. Objetivo: evaluar los umbrales de detección de los cuatros sabores b...

Objective Cannabis, like other substances, negatively affects health, inducing respiratory problems and mental and cognitive alterations. Memory and learning disorders, as well as executive dysfunctions, are also neuropsychological disorders associated to cannabis use. Recent evidence reveals that cannabis use during adolescence may disrupt the nor...

Spss file with the variables used.

Advertising is responsible for developing part of the contemporary imaginaries, which tend to be imposed as referential frameworks, especially for strategic groups such as those embodied by young people. In this regard, in the following article we present the results of a study in which we evaluated 1520 images published in advertisements from the...

RESUMEN Los informes de la OMS sobre la salud de jóvenes de 20 a 24 años, indican numerosos factores de riesgos sanitarios que aumentan las cargas de morbilidad, siendo además esta actual cohorte de jóvenes la mayor que ha existido jamás en el mundo. Entre estos factores, se citan los trastornos psicopatológicos de ansiedad y depresión, alteracione...

La gestión emocional se plantea como uno de los retos emergentes en la sociedad actual. Eneste sentido, el ámbito educativo se presenta como uno de los pioneros en el diseño e implementación de programas que promueven su desarrollo, favoreciendo en el alumnado sus competencias sociales y personales (Guil y Gil-Olarte, 2007). De acuerdo con la norma...

Los informes de la OMS sobre la salud de jóvenes de 20 a 24 años, indican numerosos factores de riesgos sanitarios que aumentan las cargas de morbilidad, siendo además esta actual cohorte de jóvenes la mayor que ha existido jamás en el mundo. Entre estos factores, se citan los trastornos psicopatológicos de ansiedad y depresión, alteraciones alimen...

Un creciente cuerpo de investigación sugiere que un mayor rasgo de Inteligencia Emocional (IE) influye en el desarrollo óptimo del bienestar y el ajuste psicológico, como por ejemplo en un estado afectivo positivo. Sin embargo, hay pocos estudios que relacionen estas variables en función de las diferencias de género. Por ello, los objetivos de este...

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to explore the emotional intelligence and academic performance in university students according to the consumption of psychoactive substances, and evaluate whether emotional disability is associated with low performance. Methodology: 150 psychology students participated in the study, and they were sepa...

Background: Alzheimer's dementia is characterized by significant cortical and subcortical atrophy, causing diverse neuropsychological deficits. According to the somatic marker hypothesis, the areas responsible for generating the somatic markers that anticipate the consequences of a decision and thereby optimize the process would be affected in the...

Tomar decisiones es algo común en nuestra vida y contribuye a la adaptación al medio en que vivimos, por ello es relevante conocer cómo es el proceso de toma de decisiones y las posibles disfunciones que puedan darse a causa de su deterioro. En el caso de los pacientes con demencia tipo Alzheimer, los problemas en la toma de decisiones parecen incl...

La hipótesis del marcador somático de Damasio se centra en la influencia que los estados emocionales pueden ejercer sobre los procesos de toma de decisiones. Desde esta teoría se viene utilizando como instrumento de evaluación la denominada Iowa Gambling Task(IGT). El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer si en el deterioro cognitivo asociado a la ed...

La hipótesis del marcador somático de Damasio se centra en la influencia que los estados emocionales pueden ejercer sobre los procesos de toma de decisiones. Desde esta teoría se viene utilizando como instrumento de evaluación la denominada Iowa Gambling Task(IGT). El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer si en el deterioro cognitivo asociado a la ed...

The relationship between the use of cannabis and the decision-making processes was explored. A software version of the Iowa Gambling Task (Cards Software) was used in both modes, normal and reverse, and the Prospect Valence Learning (PVL) model, which characterize the process of decision-making based on the parameters: Recency, Consistency, Loss av...

The relationship between the use of cannabis and the decisionmaking processes was explored. A computerized version of the Iowa Gambling Task (Cards Software) in its normal and reverse version was used, and the Prospect Valence Learning (PVL) model, which characterize the process of decision-making based on the parameters: Recency, Consistency, Loss...

The Damasio's somatic marker hypothesis focuses on the possible influence of the emotional states on the decision making processes. An assessment tool derived form this theory is the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). The aim of this study was to detect decision-making alterations in relation to the cognitive impairment associated to age (GDS 2). The data a...

Se exploraron las relaciones entre consumo de cannabis y los procesos de toma de decisiones. Se empleo una version informatica de la Iowa Gambling Task (programa Cartas) en sus versiones normal e inversa y se aplico el modelo Prospect Valence Learning (PVL) que caracteriza el proceso de toma de decisiones en base a los parametros: Recencia, Consist...

Tomar decisiones es algo común en nuestra vida y contribuye a la adaptación al medio en que vivimos, por ello es relevante conocer cómo es el proceso de toma de decisiones y las posibles disfunciones que puedan darse a causa de su deterioro. En el caso de los pacientes con demencia tipo Alzheimer, los problemas en la toma de decisiones parecen incl...

Making decisions is common in our daily lives and contributes to the adaptation to our environment. That is why is relevant to know the decisions-making processes and the possible dysfunctions due to the deterioration of these processes. The patients with Alzheimer dementia (AD) can have alterations in decisions-making in early stages, particularly...