Ana Lopez-Duran

• University of Santiago de Compostela

This study analyses changes in depressive symptomatology as a function of smoking status over time after a cognitive-behavioural intervention for smoking cessation among smokers with a history of depressive episode. The sample comprised 215 smokers with antecedents of depressive episode (Mage=45.03; 64.7% female). Depressive symptoms were assessed...

Introduction This study assessed the efficacy of the SinHumo App combined with a cognitive-behavioral smoking cessation treatment on 12-month follow-up abstinence, compared with the same smoking cessation treatment and a control App. Aims and Methods A sample of 288 treatment-seeking people who smoke were randomized: SinHumo App plus smoking cessa...

Despite the increasing number of mobile-based interventions to quit smoking over the last years, few studies have investigated the efficacy of smoking cessation interventions blended with smartphone Apps. The present pilot study aims to examine the preliminary effectiveness and acceptability of a cognitive-behavioral treatment combined with a smart...

Assessment of tobacco dependence is especially relevant in clinical settings, but different measures are used. The present study examines the predictive value of five tobacco dependence measures on abstinence at 6- and 12-month follow-ups in a sample of treatment-seeking smokers who had received a cognitive-behavioral intervention to quit smoking....

Boredom is one of the main reported motives for smoking. However, scarce research has examined the relationship between boredom susceptibility and abstinence achievement in treatment-seeking smokers. The aim of this study is to examine the mediating effect of anxiety symptoms in the relationship between boredom susceptibility and abstinence at the...

Antibiotic resistance is a significant public health concern, with numerous studies linking antibiotic consumption to the development of resistance. As medical students will play a pivotal role in prescribing antibiotics, this research aimed to identify their perceptions of current use and factors that could influence future inappropriate use of an...

Background: Individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) often have co-occurring substance use disorders (SUDs), which substantially impoverish the course of illness. Despite the importance of this dual diagnosis, the evidence of the efficacy and safety of adjuvant treatments is mostly unknown. Objective: To perform a meta-analysis to evaluate the eff...

Despite the fact that perceived stress is related to abstinence smoking outcomes, no studies have investigated the mediational effect of specific tobacco-related variables on this relationship. This study aimed to explore the indirect effect of perceived stress on abstinence at the end of treatment through smoking urges. The sample comprised 260 tr...

Aims: To analyse the use of psychoactive substances and the risk perceptions amongst odontology and medical students. To study their perceptions, attitudes, and knowledge, and to evaluate their motivation when helping their patients to stop using these substances. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 962 students in Spain, using...

Background: Vaccine hesitancy decreases adult vaccination coverage and has been recognized by WHO as a major health threat. Primary care physicians (PCP) play a key role in vaccination by giving vaccine counselling to their patients. The aim of this systematic review is to identify the knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and barriers (KBAB) associated w...

Numerous studies have shown the efficacy of smoking cessation interventions. However, some challenges, such as relapse rates, remain. The availability of information technologies (ICTs) offers promising opportunities to address such challenges. The aim of this paper is to describe the protocol followed to assess the efficacy of a face-to-face cogni...

Background: This study explores the shared and specific associations of brooding rumination and anxiety sensitivity to depression and anxiety symptomatology in a sample of treatment-seeking smokers. Methods: The sample was composed of 275 treatment-seeking adult smokers. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the relat...

Smoking cessation interventions are effective, but they are not easily accessible for all treatment-seeking smokers. Mobile health (mHealth) apps have been used in recent years to overcome some of these limitations. Smoking cessation apps can be used in combination with a face-to-face intervention (FFSC-Apps), or alone as general apps (GSC-Apps). T...

This review synthesizes the pharmacological and psychosocial interventions that have been conducted in comorbid anxiety disorders and SUDs while also providing clinical recommendations about which intervention elements are helpful for addressing substance use versus anxiety symptoms in patients with these co-occurring conditions. The best evidence...

Esta revisión resume las intervenciones farmacológicos y psicosociales que se han realizado en trastorno bipolar (TB) y un diagnóstico comórbido de trastorno por uso de sustancias (TUS) y además proporciona recomendaciones clínicas respecto de cuáles elementos de intervención son útiles para hacer frente a los síntomas del uso de sustancias versus...

Substantial evidence has confirmed the high comorbidity between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and a substance use disorder (SUD). This review synthesizes the pharmacological and psychosocial interventions conducted in ADHD and SUDs, and provides clinical recommendations using the GRADE approach. Our results suggest: 1) In patients...

BACKGROUND Behavioural interventions are effective for smoking cessation. However, they are not easily accessible for all treatment-seeking smokers. ICT (Information and Communication Technology) and, specifically, mobile health (mHealth) apps, have been used in recent years to overcome these limitations. Smoking cessation apps can be used combined...

Co-occurrence of depression and a substance use disorder (SUD) in patients who present dual diagnoses has been long recognized as an important consideration in clinical practice. This review synthesizes the evidence of pharmacological and psychosocial interventions for comorbid depressive disorders and SUDs while providing clinical recommendations...

Although correct diagnosis and management of patients with schizophrenia and a comorbid substance use disorder (SUD) would determine a decrease in morbidity and mortality in these patients, development of efficient therapeutic strategies is still pending. We present recommendations on the pharmacological and psychological management of these patien...

Despite advances in smoking cessation treatments, smoking relapse remains common. Experiencing positive or negative affect and cigarette dependence are the most common causes of relapse; however, little is known about the characteristics that increase the risk of relapse from these causes among current treatment-seeking smokers. Thus, this study ai...

Background Antibiotic resistance is an important Public Health problem and many studies link it to antibiotic misuse. The population plays a key role in such misuse. Objective The aim of this study was thus to explore the factors that might influence antibiotic use and resistance in the general population. Methods Qualitative research using the f...

Introduction Treatment completion is associated with abstinence outcomes in smoking cessation interventions. Previous research has stated that anxiety sensitivity (AS) is associated with smoking-related variables and smoking-cessation outcomes. To date, research has not examined the interaction between AS and treatment completion on smoking-cessati...

Objectives: This study sought to assess the effectiveness and return on investment (ROI) of a multifaceted intervention aimed at improving antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory infections in primary care. Design: Large-sized, two-arm, open-label, pragmatic, cluster-randomised controlled trial. Setting: All primary care physicians workin...

Despite the advances in understanding the relationship between smoking and depressive symptomatology, scarce research has investigated cognitive variables underlying in such relation. The main aim of this study is to examine the mediating effect of two rumination subtypes (brooding and reflection) in the link between depressive symptoms and both ci...

Background Studies have detected that prescribers display gaps in knowledge and inappropriate attitudes regarding antibiotics and resistances, but it is not known whether these are generated during professional practice or derive from the undergraduate stage of their education. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to identify medical students’ kn...

El consumo de drogas se ha convertido en un importante problema en las sociedades desarrolladas. El consumo de cocaína, cannabis y heorína provoca múltiples problemas a sus consumidores. A lo largo de las páginas de este manual se presentan las características más importantes de estas drogas, como su prevalencia, particularidades y tipos de abordaj...

Relapse remains a frequent and complex phenomenon that is not yet well understood. An under-researched area of study that may provide relevant information concerns the assessment of specific post-treatment variables, rather than the composite measures commonly used to predict smoking relapse. The current study sought to examine the effects of post-...

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Background: The current study sought to further examine the relation between avoidance, environmental reward, depressive symptoms and cigarette dependence. Method: The sample included 275 adult treatment-seeking daily smokers (M age = 45.36, SD = 10.96; 61.5% female). To examine the relationships between the study variables, correlation and seri...

Aim To explore the parent‐ related factors underlying antibiotic misuse/overuse and their implication in the development of resistance in the paediatric population. Methods Qualitative study using the focus group (FG) method in Galicia (Spain). FG sessions were conducted with the parents, 27 mothers and 3 fathers, of children under twelve years ol...

Fumar es uno de los factores de riesgo más importantes para la salud y calidad de vida de las personas, especialmente cuando está presente una enfermedad respiratoria y/o cardiovascular. Presentamos la evaluación e intervención psicológica para dejar de fumar de un varón de 41 años de edad con enfermedad física grave y con un consumo diario de 20 c...

Introduction: Depressive symptoms are related to smoking cessation outcomes. We examined the effects of behavioral activation (BA), as part of a cognitive behavioral intervention to quit smoking, in terms of abstinence rates according to depressive symptom level. We also analyzed whether BA could differentially benefit participants with higher ver...

Among the smoking motives, boredom relief is one of the most reported by smokers. The tendency to experience boredom has been proposed as a personality trait related to addictive behaviors and other variables such as depression or the perception of environmental reward. Differences in boredom susceptibility have also been observed among men and wom...

Loneliness is a subjective and emotionally unpleasant experience of perceiving insufficient social relationships. Previous research has revealed that loneliness constitutes a psychosocial risk factor for depression, and is also related to unhealthy behaviors such as smoking. This study aims to examine the relation between loneliness, depression, an...

Introduction Behavioral Activation is a behavioral-based treatment that has been proposed as suitable for smoking cessation, as it simultaneously addresses reinforcement-related variables and also mood management. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of a cognitive-behavioral smoking cessation treatment with components of behavioral act...

Bioethics committee study protocol Spanish. (PDF)

Bioethics committee study protocol English translation. (PDF)

Fumar es uno de los factores de riesgo más importantes para la calidad de vida, así como para la salud física y psicológica de las personas. La evidencia de la que disponemos muestra que el consumo de tabaco está estrechamente relacionado con la depresión. En el presente artículo presentamos la evaluación e intervención psicológica para dejar de fu...

Introduction: Substance use and depression co-occurrence is a frequent phenomenon and an important public health concern. Given the clinical implications and the high prevalence of both disorders, effective interventions are needed. Methods: The aim of this study is to review Behavioural Activation (BA) intervention effects to improve substance...

Introduction The associations between depression and cigarette dependence had been established through a large amount of studies. Nevertheless, mechanisms underlying such association are not clearly recognized. The main aim of this study was to explore whether the perception of environmental reinforcement mediates the effect of cigarette dependence...

Introduction We report the evaluation and psychological intervention to quit smoking of a 41-year-old male with depression and Myosin Storage Myopathy (MSM) caused by a genetic mutation in MYH7. MSM is a congenital skeletal muscle disorder which the main manifestation is muscle weakness especially in limb-girdle or scapuloperoneal muscles. The MSN...

Background: Depressive symptoms and craving are related to smoking maintenance; however, little is known about the association between trajectories of depressive symptoms and smoking craving after quitting. Objectives: We examined if depressive symptom change relates to change in craving following smoking cessation treatment. Methods: Particip...

Background: Previous studies have shown that smoking is associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) impairment. In order to evaluate HRQoL in a sample of Spanish relapsers, a cross-sectional study was conducted. Method: The sample was made up of 775 smokers who had relapsed after a period of abstinence. HRQoL was evaluated using the E...

Objectives: The present study sought to address whether there is sex effect in the interactive effect between depressive symptoms and hazardous drinking in the prediction of smoking craving after cognitive-behavioral smoking cessation treatment among those with at least mild depression. Methods: Participants (n = 114, mean age 42.0, SD = 9.73, 6...

Psychopathology and psychological distress have been shown to be related to poor smoking cessation outcomes and abstinence maintenance. Thus, it is important to identify individuals with high levels of psychopathology before undergoing smoking cessation treatment in order to increase their likelihood of success. Objective: The primary aim of the pr...

Objective To investigate community pharmacists’ knowledge, attitudes, perceptions and habits with regard to antibiotic dispensing without medical prescription in Spain. Methods A qualitative research using focus group method (FG) in Galicia (north-west Spain). FG sessions were conducted in the presence of a moderator. A topic script was developed...

Introduction: Relapse is a common factor within the behavior change process. However, there is scarce and limited knowledge of smoking relapse situations in population-based samples. The aim of this study was to identify smoking relapse situations among a sample of Spanish relapsers from the general population. Methods: A sample of 775 relapsers...

Background Smoking is an important risk factor for mental health-related problems. Numerous studies have supported a bi-directional association between cigarette smoking and depression. Despite the advances in understanding the comorbidity between both problems, the most effective psychological treatment that simultaneously targets smoking and depr...

Background: Although there is an interconnection between history of major depressive disorder (HMDD) and smoking, there has been relatively limited scientific attention oriented on the interplay between HMDD and smoking maintenance processes. Aim: The current study sought to address whether HMDD and post-cessation craving interact in the prediction...

El cannabis es la sustancia psicoactiva ilegal más consumida en el mundo pero la demanda de tratamiento es baja en comparación con otras sustancias. En los últimos años se han ido incrementando y, con ello, las investigaciones sobre tratamientos psicosociales para los problemas con el consumo de cannabis. El objetivo del presente estudio era realiz...

Introduction. Cannabis is the most consumed worldwide illegal psychoactive substance, but the demand of treatment is low in comparison with other substances. In recent years, these have been increasing, and with them, so have systematic research on psychosocial treatments for problems with cannabis use. Objectives. The aim of this study was to cond...

People with psychopathology experience high rates of smoking and have more trouble quitting. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF; Tellegen & Ben-Porath, 2008, 2009) is a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of psychopathology. In this study, we examined the ability of the MMPI-2-RF to assess ps...

Resumen Aunque contamos con tratamientos eficaces para la dependencia del tabaco, la recaída continúa siendo un fenómeno frecuente en aquellos que consiguen dejar de fumar. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar si existían diferencias en función del sexo en la curva de recaída en hombres y mujeres que participaron en un tratamiento psicológ...

Diverse studies have found a relation between alcohol consumption and smoking relapse. Few studies have analyzed the relation of smoking relapse with pretreatment alcohol consumption and gender differences. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of alcohol consumption in smoking relapse over 12 months (3-, 6-, and 12-months foll...

Background: There is consistent evidence about the relationship between smoking and mental health. This study compares the relationship between tobacco use and personality disorders (PDs) in Spanish adults from general and clinical population, taking into account nicotine dependence (ND), and the presence of any mental disorder. Method: The samp...

Objectives The aim of this study was to develop a novel, self-administered questionnaire to identify primary-care physicians' knowledge and attitudes regarding antibiotics and resistance (KAAR). Methods The study population comprised primary care physicians. The study was conducted in five phases. Phase I consisted of a systematic review and quali...

Currently, smoking is a major risk factor for quality of life and physical and psychological health. On the other hand, anxiety sensitivity (AS) is involved not only in the development and maintenance of smoking behaviour, but also in smoking cessation and relapse. The aim of this study is to assess what correlation AS has to achieving abstinence a...

Introduction: Although quitting motivation predicts smoking cessation, there have been inconsistent findings regarding motivation predicting long-term maintenance of abstinence. Moreover, most such research has been conducted in North America and the United Kingdom. The aim of this study was to examine motivation to quit as a predictor of smoking...

Background: The relationship between tobacco and depressive symptoms has been examined. However, there is little information on the evolution of these symptoms when an individual quits. The aim of this study was to analyze the evolution of depressive symptoms over time (pre-, post-treatment, 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-months follow-up) in relation to smok...

Background The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the profiles of the new treatment demands posed by opioid addicts between 2005 and 2010 at the addictive disorders assistance units in Galicia, Spain. Methods A cluster analysis was performed using data from 1,655 treatment entrants. Clusters were constructed using sociodemograph...

Knowing more about the personality of smokers may help to increase the effectiveness of smoking cessation treatments and can contribute to relapse prevention. The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of 30 specific facets of the Five-Factor Model of personality on the outcomes at the end of treatment and at 12-month follow-up, in a...

Smoking is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. More than 58,000 people die prematurely in Spain due to tobacco use. Psychology offers effective psychological treatments for tobacco dependence, but these treatments are not always used and they are not widely known about. In this article, the effectiveness of psycholo...

Craving and nicotine withdrawal syndrome (NWS) are components of the tobacco use disorder in DSM-5. They both appear after smoking cessation or an abrupt reduction in tobacco use, and they are associated with both short and long-term smoking-cessation outcomes. The aim of the present study was to examine the association of craving and withdrawal wi...

El craving y el sindrome de abstinencia de la nicotina (SAN) forman parte del trastorno por consumo del tabaco en el DSM-5. Ambos aparecen tras dejar de fumar o tras una reduccion brusca del consumo de tabaco, y estan relacionados con los resultados de dejar de fumar a corto y largo plazo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la relacion d...

Objectives Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern and is greatly exacerbated by inappropriate antibiotic use at a community level. The aim of this study was to ascertain which attitudes of community pharmacists were related to inappropriate antibiotic dispensing. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of community pharmacists...

Background: In recent years, the prevalence of daily smokers has decreased in all developed countries due to a great variety of factors. Despite this decrease, the effectiveness of clinical treatments has decreased and several studies report a change in smokers' characteristics. The purpose of the present study is to analyze the changes in the cha...

Distintos estudios muestran que cuando se utiliza la entrevista motivacional (EM) añadida a un tratamiento estándar, con el objetivo de aumentar la motivación, mejoran los resultados del tratamiento. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar si los fumadores que reciben una intervención con EM antes de un tratamiento psicológico cognitivo condu...

The aim of the present study is to examine the relationship between cigarette smoking and personality patterns in the general population, taking into account the possible influence of nicotine dependence. We used a stratified random sample of 1,081 adults from the general population (519 smokers and 562 non-smokers) in the region of Galicia (Spain)...

Background: Few studies have investigated the relationship between smoking and health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and the results are not consistent. The aim of this study is to explore the association between smoking and HRQOL. Method: Cross-sectional study of 714 Spanish adults (44.7% never smokers and 55.3% smokers) without diagnosis of...

Background The lack of conclusive results and the scarce use of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III) in the study of the relationship between smoking and personality are the reasons that motivated the study reported here. The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of personality patterns, assessed with the MCMI-III...

Introduction: Although it has been suggested that persons with psychopathological disorders experience greater difficulty in quitting smoking, the few studies that have analyzed personality disorders in smokers have failed to produce conclusive results. The aim of this study was to examine whether the presence of probable personality disorders was...

Background The inappropriate use of antibiotics is considered a main cause of microbial resistance. This is an important public health problem. Community pharmacists have an important role in the management of drugs for outpatients. Objective Our study sought to explore pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes, perceptions and dispensing habits insofar as...

Background: The inappropriate use of antibiotics is considered a main cause of microbial resistance. This is an important public health problem. Community pharmacists have an important role in the management of drugs for outpatients. Objective: Our study sought to explore pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes, perceptions and dispensing habits insof...

Knowing which factors predict the use of psychostimulant drugs among youths is important for designing preventive programs and the identification of youths with the highest probability of use, to avoid some of the problems that can be derived from it. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between perceived availability, risk perc...

Knowing which factors predict the use of psychostimulant drugs among youths is important for designing preventive programs and the identification of youths with the highest probability of use, to avoid some of the problems that can be derived from it. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between perceived availability, risk perc...

Factorial dimensions of the Millon's MCMI-II in substance addicts. The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory II is a widely used questionnaire for the assessment of personality in clinical settings, especially in addictive behaviors. The aim of this study is to determine the underlying factorial structure of the MCMI-II in a sample of 1,106 drug-dep...

A recent phenomenon with a special interest for research is drug consumption among youths, which is an important aspect of night life and "botellon" (street drinking) in Spain. The aim of the present study is to analyze the differences between stimulant users (cocaine and ecstasy) and non-users in their nightlife recreational habits. The sample con...

The present study examined whether personality disorders (PDs) are associated with cigarette smoking, and the possible influence of nicotine dependence, sociodemographic variables, and the presence of any lifetime Axis I mental disorder in these relationships. The sample was made up of 1,081 adult participants from the Spanish general population an...

Se presenta una escala breve derivada de la Escala para la Evaluación del Síndrome de la Dependencia de la Nicotina (NDSS). A una muestra de 1.061 fumadores diarios, evaluados en Centros de Atención Primaria, Unidad de Alcoholismo y Unidad de Tabaquismo, se les aplicó la NDSS y la SCID para evaluar dependencia de la nicotina con criterios DSM-IV. L...

Esta publicación tiene como objetivo ayudar a mejorar la calidad de los/as profesionales para la aplicación de tratamientos que ayuden a mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas con problemas de adicciones y sus familias. En el documento incluye, entre otros temas, información sobre los factores psicólogicos en las adicciones, la atención a perso...

Stimulant consumption is especially important in our context because its use has greatly increased in recent years. The aim of the present study is to analyze the differences between stimulant users and nonusers (under 18 years old) in personality characteristics assessed with the MACI. The sample comprises 398 youths between 14 and 17 years old wh...

Resistance to antibiotics is a public health threat. A number of studies confirm the relationship between antibiotic use and the resistance rate. As a whole, physicians represent a large proportion of the health professionals involved in the use of this therapeutic group. Our study therefore sought to ascertain the opinions and attitudes of GPs in...

Los accidentes de tráfico, las enfermedades de transmisión sexual y embarazos no deseados, las borracheras y el consumo de drogas (fundamentalmente psicoestimulantes) son algunos de los aspectos más negativos asociados al reciente fenómeno de salir de marcha. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar en una muestra de 1214 jóvenes de 14 a 25 año...