Ana Concheiro

• MD, PhD
• Head of Department (Paediatrics) at Hospital Alvaro Cunqueiro. Vigo (Spain)

Purpose Focusing the premature birth and its potential complications, this study analyzes Foveal Avascular Zone (FAZ) measured by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) and its correlation with the severity of prematurity and neonatal growth. Methods A cross-sectional comparative study was performed, involving 71 children school-age with...

In 2016, the Spanish Research Group on Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) (GEIDIS) established a national registry with participation of 66 hospitals to collect information on clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of BPD infants into adulthood. The aim of this observational study is to examine forced spirometry data in early childhood and t...

Background and Aims In 2016, the Spanish Research Group on Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) (GEIDIS) established a national registry with participation of 66 hospitals to collect information on clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of BPD infants into adulthood. The aim of this study is to examine forced spirometry data in early childhood...

Background The management of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in premature newborns is based on different types of non-invasive respiratory support and on surfactant replacement therapy (SRT) to avoid mechanical ventilation as it may eventually result in lung damage. European guidelines currently recommend SRT only when the fraction of inspired...

The growth and development of the human brain is a long and complex process that requires a precise sequence of genetic and molecular events. This begins in the third week of gestation with the differentiation of neural progenitor cells and extends at least until late adolescence, possibly for life. One of the defects of this development is that we...

Human milk is the biological fluid with the highest exosome amount and is rich in microRNAs (miRNAs). These are key regulators of gene expression networks in both normal physiologic and disease contexts, miRNAs can influence many biological processes and have also shown promise as biomarkers for disease. One of the key aspects in the regeneration o...

Introduction: Despite advances in respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) management over the past decade, non-invasive ventilation (NIV) failure is frequent and associated with adverse outcomes. There are insufficient data on the failure of different NIV strategies currently used in clinical practice in preterm infants. Methods: This was a prospect...

Background In recent years, different tools have been developed to facilitate analysis of social determinants of health (SDH) and apply this to health policy. The possibility of generating predictive models of health outcomes which combine a wide range of socioeconomic indicators with health problems is an approach that is receiving increasing atte...

Introduction: breastfeeding is the gold standard for infant's nutrition. Human milk bank is the essential tool to guarantee availability and safety to those situations when breastfeeding is not an option. The manipulation during the extraction of the human milk by the donors is a critical point to ensure an adequate microbiological safety. Therefo...

Introduction: The lung ultrasound score (LUS) has been suggested to predict moderate-severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (msBPD) in preterm infants. We aimed to assess LUS evolution after birth in preterm infants and the effect of gestational age. Methods: This multicentre prospective observational study was performed with newborns born before 33...

GEIDIS is a national-based research-net registry of patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) from public and private Spanish hospitals. It was created to provide data on the clinical characterization and follow-up of infants with BPD until adulthood. The purpose of this observational study was to analyze the characteristics and the impact of...

GEIDIS is a national based research-net registry of patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) from public and private Spanish hospitals. It was created to provide data on the clinical characterization and follow up of infants with BPD until adulthood. The purpose of this observational study was to analyze the characteristics and the impact of...

Non-invasive respiratory support (NIRS) in adult, pediatric, and neonatal patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) comprises two treatment modalities, non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) and high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy. However, experts from different specialties disagree on the benefit of these techniques in different clinic...

Purpose: Psychiatric disorders and drugs used for their treatment, can have negative consequences for the pregnancy and the development of the newborn. Therefore, meconium, maternal hair and maternal medical records were compared for the detection of antidepressants and benzodiazepines exposure during pregnancy. Moreover, correlations between neona...

Non-invasive respiratory support (NIRS) in adult, pediatric, and neonatal patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) comprises two treatment modalities, non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) and high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy. However, experts from different specialties disagree on the benefit of these techniques in different clinic...

Objective To elucidate the role of advanced maternal age (AMA) in determining the outcome of pregnancies complicated by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods Multinational cohort study included women with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection from 76 centers in 27 different countries in Europe, United States, South America, Asia and Australia from 04 A...

Background Different lung ultrasound (LUS) scanning protocols have been used and the results in terms of diagnostic accuracy are heterogeneous. Research question(s) What is the diagnostic accuracy of the LUS score to predict moderate-severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (msBPD)? Does scanning of posterior lung fields improve the diagnostic accuracy?...

Cannabis consumption has been increasing worldwide among pregnant women. Due to the negative effects of prenatal cannabis exposure, it is necessary to develop an objective, sensitive and specific method to determine cannabinoids use during pregnancy. In this study, we compared four different biological samples, maternal hair, meconium, umbilical co...

Introduction Given the possible coexistence of infection by the SARS-CoV-2 with other seasonal infections, the aim is to identify differential symptoms. I know has studied the role of children in intrafamily contagion and the sensitivity of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in an area with low community transmission. Materia...

Objectives To evaluate maternal and perinatal outcomes in high compared to low-risk pregnancies complicated by SARS-COV-2 infection. Methods This was a multinational retrospective cohort study including women with laboratory-confirmed SARS-COV-2 from 76 centers from 25 different countries in Europe, United States, South America, Asia and Australia...

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Objectives To evaluate the maternal and perinatal outcomes of pregnancies affected by SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Methods This was a multinational retrospective cohort study including women with a singleton pregnancy and laboratory‐confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, conducted in 72 centers in 22 different countries in Europe, the USA, South America, Asia a...

Objectives Anosmia/hyposomia have been described as early signs of COVID-19 infection in adults, including young asymptomatic patients who commonly refer olfactory disfunction as their only clinical manifestation. Very few studies involving paediatric age patients have been published until now. This study aims to determine the presence of olfactory...

Sumario de las recomendaciones y puntos clave del Consenso de las Sociedades Científicas Españolas (SEPAR, SEMICYUC, SEMES; SECIP, SENeo, SEDAR, SENP) para la utilización de la ventilación no invasiva y terapia de alto flujo con cánulas nasales en el paciente adulto, pediátrico y neonatal con insuficiencia respiratoria aguda grave ଝ

El soporte respiratorio no invasivo (SRNI) comprende 2 modalidades de tratamiento, la ventilación mecá-nica no invasiva (VMNI) y la terapia de alto flujo con cánulas nasales (TAFCN) que se aplican en pacientes adultos, pediátricos y neonatales con insuficiencia respiratoria aguda (IRA). Sin embargo, el grado de acuerdo entre las distintas especiali...

El soporte respiratorio no invasivo (SRNI) comprende 2 modalidades de tratamiento, la ventilación mecánica no invasiva (VMNI) y la terapia de alto flujo con cánulas nasales (TAFCN) que se aplican en pacientes adultos, pediátricos y neonatales con insuficiencia respiratoria aguda (IRA). Sin embargo, el grado de acuerdo entre las distintas especialid...

Resumen Introducción: Ante la posible coexistencia de la infección por el virus SARS-CoV-2 con otras infecciones estacionales, se pretende identificar síntomas diferenciales. Se ha estudiado el papel de los niños en el contagio intrafamiliar y la sensibilidad de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con transcriptasa inversa (RT-PCR) en un área co...

Background Early diagnosis of nicotine, ethanol and drug use during pregnancy is critical in order to provide adequate care. Current screening procedures show limitations in terms of reliability and short windows of detection. Objectives To investigate the prevalence and identify biomarkers of substance use and changes in substance use during preg...

Objectives To evaluate the strength of association between maternal and pregnancy characteristics and the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes in pregnancies with laboratory confirmed COVID-19. Methods Secondary analysis of a multinational, cohort study on all consecutive pregnant women with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from February 1, 2020 to Apr...

Introduction There is not much information about the care of infants with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) treated with therapeutic hypothermia (TH) in Spain. This includes whether protocols are routinely used, the type of neuro-monitoring performed, and how information on the neurological prognosis is presented to families. The answers to th...

Introduction: Smoking during pregnancy can have serious obstetric and fetal complications. Therefore, it is essential to identify in utero exposure to tobacco, being meconium the matrix of choice for this purpose. Methods: Meconium (n = 565) was analyzed for nicotine, cotinine and hydroxycotinine by LC–MS-MS. Then, tobacco meconium results were co...

Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the strength of association between maternal and pregnancy characteristics and the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes in pregnancies with laboratory confirmed COVID-19. Methods: Secondary analysis of a multinational, cohort study on all consecutive pregnant women with laboratoryconfirmed COVID-19 from February 1, 20...

Determine the suitability of transcutaneous bilirubin (TCB) as a tool to assess the effectiveness of phototherapy on patched skin. A prospective observational study was conducted. We covered a fragment of skin (sternum) with a photo-opaque patch. Several simultaneous TCB and TSB measurements were performed with the JM-105 bilirubinometer. Bland and...

Introduction: Congenital chylothorax (CC) is a rare and life-threating condition. Since its treatment is founded on the elimination of long-chain fatty acids from the diet, breastfeeding has been traditionally contraindicated. However, breast milk could be very beneficial due to its immunological and nutritional benefits. Only limited research has...

Introduction: There is not much information about the care of infants with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) treated with therapeutic hypothermia (TH) in Spain. This includes whether protocols are routinely used, the type of neuro-monitoring performed, and how information on the neurological prognosis is presented to families. The answers to...

Optimal prognostic markers evaluating early neuroprotective interventions in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) are lacking. This study was designed to assess the prognostic value of acylcarnitines in neonatal HIE. An observational cohort study was conducted over 10 years in 67 HIE. Variables analyzed included sex, blood cord pH, Apgar...

Introduction: There is not much information about the care of infants with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) treated with therapeutic hypothermia (TH) in Spain. This includes whether protocols are routinely used, the type of neuro-monitoring performed, and how information on the neurological prognosis is presented to families. The answers to t...

Purpose Alcohol exposure during pregnancy constitutes one of the leading preventable causes of birth defects, mental retardation and neurodevelopmental disorders in the exposed children. The ethanol marker ethyl glucuronide (EtG) is a specific long-term marker of ethanol in utero exposure in meconium; however, currently, there are scarce or no data...

Introduction Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) refers to the spectrum of abnormalities of maturation and development of the hip. Breech presentation is associated with DDH. This risk factor can be modified by external cephalic version (ECV). The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence of DDH in patients who successfully underwent ECV,...

Introduction Antenatal magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) administration has shown to be effective in minimizing cerebral palsy and severe motor dysfunction at the age of 2 years. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the magnesium dose delivered to the mother and the magnesium concentration in the neonates. Material and Methods A p...

Introduction: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) refers to the spectrum of abnormalities of maturation and development of the hip. Breech presentation is associated with DDH. This risk factor can be modified by external cephalic version (ECV). The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence of DDH in patients who successfully underwent EC...

Introduction: Antenatal magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) administration has shown to be effective in minimising cerebral palsy and severe motor dysfunction at the age of 2 years.The aim of this study is to analyse the initial clinical outcome of preterm neonates less than 29 weeks who have received prenatal MgSO4, as well as to determine the relationship...

Background: Premature infants have lower short-term immune responses to vaccination than term infants, but patterns of antibody persistence in preterm infants over longer periods are not well established. This study assessed the persistence of antibody response to the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in formerly preterm versus term...

Drug exposure during pregnancy constitutes a major legal issue and public health concern. Drug and metabolite determination in biological matrices from mother and newborn is an objective indication of prenatal drug exposure. However, limited data are available regarding the interpretation of these analytical results in terms of window of detection...

Vascular thrombosis in newborns is relatively infrequent. Different congenital or acquired risk factors have been involved. Elevated maternal Lp(a) has been scarcely published as a prothrombotic factor in neonatal thrombosis. To detect prothrombotic factors is mandatory to prevent the risk of recurrence. We present neonatal cases with venous thromb...

Introduction: Antenatal magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) administration has shown to be effective in minimising cerebral palsy and severe motor dysfunction at the age of 2 years. The aim of this study is to analyse the initial clinical outcome of preterm neonates less than 29 weeks who have received prenatal MgSO4, as well as to determine the relationsh...

The recommendations included in this document will be part a series of updated reviews of the literature on respiratory support in the newborn infant. These recommendations are structured into twelve modules, and in this work module 7 is presented. Each module is the result of a consensus process including all members of the Surfactant and Respirat...

The recommendations included in this document will be part a series of updated reviews of the literature on respiratory support in the newborn infant. These recommendations are structured into twelve modules, and in this work module 7 is presented. Each module is the result of a consensus process including all members of the Surfactant and Respirat...

This study evaluated the immune response and safety profile of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in preterm infants compared with term infants. This Phase IV, open-label, 2-arm, multicenter, parallel-group study enrolled 200 healthy infants (preterm, n = 100; term, n = 100) aged 42 to 98 days. All subjects received PCV13 at ages 2, 3...

Consumption of drugs of abuse, tobacco and alcohol throughout pregnancy is a serious public health problem and results in an important economic cost to the health system. Drug and/or metabolites determination in biological matrices from mother and newborn is an objective measure of in utero drug exposure. We reviewed methods published for the deter...

ObjetivosLa parotiditis crónica recurrente es una entidad infrecuente en pediatría y con un mecanismo etiopatogénico aún no aclarado.MétodosSe presenta una revisión de 30 casos estudiados en el hospital de Sant Joan de Déu en los últimos 4 años. Se presenta el protocolo de actuación seguido ante esta enfermedad y los datos epidemiológicos más desta...

Drug determination in biological matrices from the mother and the newborn is an objective measure of maternal and fetal drug exposure. The aim of this study was to compare maternal hair, meconium, umbilical cord, and placenta for detecting in utero drug exposure to cocaine, opiates, methadone, and amphetamines. Maternal hair, meconium, umbilical co...

Background/objectives: Drug of abuse consumption throughout pregnancy is a serious public health problem and an important economic cost to the health system. The aim of this work was to compare maternal interview and hair analysis to determine drug consumption throughout pregnancy and to study relations among maternal interview, hair results, and...

Posterior urethral valve pathologies are the most frequent childhood obstructive uropathy reported, and we infer their presence on diagnosing foetal ascites and oligohydramnios. Early action is vital to determine the long-term development and the degree of impairment of renal function. We report a newborn male 34 weeks of gestation with a prenatal...

Objective. To evaluate the clinical and microbiologial characteristics of a series of patients with acute mastoiditis seen at our institution, and to investigate the possible impact of the use and overuse of antibiotics for the treatment of acute otitis media on the incidence and severity of acute mastoiditis. Material and Methods. Retrospective re...

Introducción El seudohipoaldosteronismo es un trastorno genéticamente determinado en el que existe una resistencia a la acción de la aldosterona a nivel de su receptor en el túbulo renal. Se han descrito formas relacionadas con malformaciones genito-urinarias. Caso clínico Paciente de sexo femenino con diagnóstico antenatal de persistencia de urac...

Background: Before designing a prevention program for children injury it is useful to know what families think about their attitude about unintentional accident. Patients and methods: A randomised selected group of families completed the questionnaire of the Framingham Safety Survey (American Academy of Pediatrics) and another questionnaire designe...

We present a case study of intrauterine myocardial infarction. A female neonate suffered from cardiopulmonary arrest at birth. She presented with refractory cardiogenic shock and died. Echocardiogram showed absence of movement of the posterolateral wall of the left chamber. Autopsy showed severe and extensive myocardial necrosis confined by a band...

We have not found any clinical case previously described of the association of nephrotic syndrome and celiac disease. We report 5 patients with a diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome established in the past 5 years. Four of them had been previously diagnosed of celiac disease. The last case was diagnosed of celiac disease after a positive serological te...

Coronary artery anomalies constitute 2.2 % of congenital malformations of the heart. The most common abnormality is anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary trunk, also known as Bland-White- Garland syndrome. Clinical manifestations are due to myocardial ischemia caused by the creation of an arteriovenous shunt. The childhood...

Coronary artery anomalies constitute 2.2 % of congenital malformations of the heart. The most common abnormality is anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary trunk, also known as Bland-White-Garland syndrome. Clinical manifestations are due to myocardial ischemia caused by the creation of an arteriovenous shunt. The childhood...

Objective Accurate patient triage for the early identification of potentially seriously ill or high-risk children is needed due to the increasing demands made on paediatric emergency departments. Material and methods A set of triage criteria for patient selection was established.Between October 1998 and April 1999 we selected 20 days with maximum...

Accurate patient triage for the early identification of potentially seriously ill or high-risk children is needed due to the increasing demands made on paediatric emergency departments. A set of triage criteria for patient selection was established. Between October 1998 and April 1999 we selected 20 days with maximum patient flow in our emergency d...

Chronic recurrent parotitis is an uncommon disease in childhood. Its cause remains unknown. Retrospective study of 30 patients with recurrent parotitis followed up at our hospital during the last 4 years. Guidelines for the management of this disease, as well as the main epidemiological data, diagnostic tests performed, treatments given and outcome...

Introducción: Los accidentes infantiles constituyen un serio problema socio-sanitario. Los pediatras tenemos un papel clave en su prevención a través de la elaboración de registros de trauma pediátrico. Objetivo: Diseñar y aplicar un registro hospitalario del niño accidentado a fin de conocer la situación epidemiológica del trauma pediátrico en nue...