Amiya Baruah

• PhD
• Professor (Assistant) at Cotton University

In volcanic belts, magma influx into magma chambers generates excess pressure, amplifying the initial stress field to cause crustal deformation with significant ground displacements, which manifests in topographic relief. Quantifying such volcano-driven ground surface displacements is a fundamental requirement to embark on a criticality analysis of...

Petrological assimilation is a key process in the evolution of high-grade metamorphic terrains in the continental crusts. This study examines the mechanisms of such macroscopic assimilation between felsic (F) and mafic (M) constituents as two petrologically interacting continuum phases, as observed in the Chotanagpur Granite Gneissic Complex (CGGC)...

The crustal components in a magma plumbing system often contain mechanically heterogeneous layers and structural discontinuities such as pre-existing fracture (PEF) systems. Such layers and discontinuities, depending upon their mechanical properties, can either facilitate upward magma movement or inhibit it at some depths by acting as stress barrie...

The crustal components in a magma plumbing system often contain mechanically heterogeneous layers and structural discontinuities such as pre-existing fracture (PEF) systems. Such layers and discontinuities, depending upon their mechanical properties, can either facilitate upward magma movement or inhibit it at some depths by acting as stress barrie...

Magmatic overpressure in shallow-and mid-crustal magma chambers (MC) can deform the crustal host rocks. Stress field produced by such deformation often control the nucleation and subsequent crack formation for magma emplacement. A direction of physical volcanology is concerned with determination of the volcanotectonic ground surface displacements t...

We present an improved method for the determination of membership of an open cluster using ensemble-based unsupervised machine learning techniques. The working principle of this method relies on two stages: (i) choosing a suitable range of three astrometric parameters (π, μαcos δ, μδ) using k-nearest neighbour (kNN) algorithm on the data downloaded...

Physical experiments and numerical modelling have become an effective approach to study the dynamics of mantle plumes originated at varying depths. Most of the current experimental studies show the growth of plumes, treating Earth's mantle as a single mechanical layer. Seismic studies, however, clearly suggest first-order stratification in the mant...

The choice of the optimal value of the softening length (òi) of each particle dealing with N-body simulations has a profound impact on error values in the gravitational force calculation. A slight deviation from its exact optimal value may result in a large error in the calculation. In this paper we augment the accuracy of the existing gravitationa...

Dehydration melting in subduction zones often produces cold plumes, initiated by Rayleigh‐Taylor instabilities in the buoyant partially molten zones lying above the dipping subducting slabs. We use scaled laboratory experiments to demonstrate how the slab dip (α) can control the evolution of such plumes. For α > 0°, Rayleigh‐Taylor instabilities ev...

To understand the physico-chemical processes associated with migmatisation is an interesting petrological problem. New developments in microfluidics and chaotic mixing experiments have helped us to better perceive these processes from the migmatic rocks of the Proterozoic Chotanagpur Granite Gneiss Complex (CGGC), eastern India. The migmatic rocks...

Presence of volatile bubbles, exceeding a critical volumetric fraction, can greatly affect the behavior of magma ascent within a volcanic conduit. Such controlled magma flow leads to the different types of volcanic eruptions, i.e., Hawaiian, Strombolian, Vulcanian and Plinian. Volcanologists have long identified three unique flow regimes of two-pha...

Using an enthalpy based thermo-mechanical model we provide a theoretical evaluation of melt production beneath mid-ocean ridges (MORs), and demonstrate how the melts subsequently develop their pathways to sustain the major ridge processes. Our model employs a Darcy idealization of the two-phase (solid-melt) system, accounting enthalpy (ΔH) as a fun...

In many geological systems inversion of density stratification sets in Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instabilities, leading to an ascent of relatively low-density materials through the high-density overburden in the form of diapirs. These diapirs often originate from dipping low-density layers. This study aims to show how the initial tilt of such source lay...

Diapiric structure owing to gravity instabilities, triggered by density inversion in the rock sequences, is a unique geodynamic manifestation. High-density layers that rest upon low-density layers tend to sink, forcing the latter to squeeze up in the form of domal shapes, called buoyant diapirs. Using two-layer viscous model experiments, we investi...

This study investigates the first-order Himalayan mountain topography from the perspective of deep-crustal flow patterns in the Indo-Asia collision zone. Using a thin-viscous-sheet model we theoretically predict that flat hinterland topography with a stable elevation (Type I) can develop only when the lithospheric slab underthrusts with a threshold...

This study investigates the role of bed-material anisotropy in triggering landslides in metamorphic terrains of the Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalaya. The initial disposition of foliation (planar anisotropy) with respect to the hillslopes is found to be a crucial parameter in controlling the scale of landslides. Hillslopes with foliation dipping into the...

Using physical experiments we investigated the evolution of thermally driven melt patterns in a semi-infinite solid crystalline phase subjected to uniform heating from one side, maintaining melting temperature. We treat the melt initiation phenomenon theoretically in the perspective of two-phase interactions on the microscopic level, and propose a...

This paper deals with the problem of rapid ascent mechanism of kimberlite magmas with a multi-directional approach: 1) the kinetics of diamond–graphite transition; 2) settling velocity of diamond phenocrysts in magmas and 3) formation of ruptures required for magma ascent with a high speed. Based on the diamond–graphite transition, we present an es...