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Publications (61)
Populations of forest trees exhibit large temporal fluctuations, but little is known about the synchrony of these fluctuations across space, including their sign, magnitude, causes and characteristic scales. These have important implications for metapopulation persistence and theoretical community ecology. Using data from permanent forest plots spa...
Three new endemic species of Magnolia from Guatemalan cloud forest are described and illustrated: Magnolia emilceana from Baja Verapaz Department, M. harnpariphana from Baja and Alta Verapaz Departments and M. juliana from Alta Verapaz Department. Additionally, relationships with other species are discussed, and preliminary conservation status is a...
Bomarea quitensis, a new endemic species from Pichincha Province, is described. Due to its long pedicels (11.0–12.5 cm), this new species belongs to B. subgenus Bomarea. Bomarea quitensis is related to B. longipes and B. crinita but differs from these species in leaf shape and size, number of flowers and colour of the sepals. Photos of all its stru...
Societal Impact Statement
Palms provide vital plant resources and ecosystem services to people across the tropics. To improve conservation guidance, a “health check” of palms in two highly threatened biodiversity hotspots in Colombia and Ecuador was undertaken. Palms are very diverse in these regions, but over one third are threatened with extincti...
The Andes are a major dispersal barrier for lowland rain forest plants and animals, yet hundreds of lowland tree species are distributed on both sides of the northern Andes, raising questions about how the Andes influenced their biogeographic histories and population genetic structure. To explore these questions, we generated standardized datasets...
The Scarlet-shouldered Parrotlet (Touit huetii) is the only one from the seven species of the genus Touit with no published data on its diet. In March 2023, in Puerto Madero, Sucumbíos, Northeast of Ecuador, we recorded flocks of Scarlet-shouldered Parrotlet feeding on the bark of Terminalia catappa and the bark and leaves of Syzygium malaccense, b...
Siempre Verde Reserve is located in Imbabura Province, Ecuador, in the northwestern Andes within the “Chocó-Andean Corridor” and occupies an area of 504 ha, ranging in elevation from about 2300 to 3500 m. It is privately owned by the Lovett School, originally purchased in 1992 to construct a research center and to protect one of the few remaining t...
Calvo, J. & Á.J. Pérez (2023). On the genus Dendrophorbium in Ecuador: a new species and identification key. Candollea 78: 91–97. In English, English and Spanish abstracts. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15553/c2023v782a1
The new species, Dendrophorbium frezierifolium J. Calvo & Á.J. Pérez, is described from southern Ecuador, where it thrives at the edg...
Comparatively few species of the insectivorous genus Pinguicula L. have been recognized in South America so far. In recent years, a number of narrowly endemic taxa from the Andes have been described that simultaneously refined the broad taxonomic concepts of the “historical” species. Here, we describe two striking new species from Southern Ecuador...
The new species Pentacalia atrovinosa (Compositae) is described from the Cordillera de Cayapas in northwestern Ecuador. Among other characters, the species is well characterized by its glabrous, fleshy leaves and long-pedunculate capitula with burgundy-colored involucral bracts and ray florets. A detailed taxonomic discussion of similar species is...
Three new species of Valeriana from southern Ecuador are described and illustrated. Valeriana plateadensis is found near the highest peak of Cerro Plateado in Cordillera del Cóndor at 2900 m a.s.l. and is recognized by the shrubby habit and sessile, densely imbricate, spatulate leaves and 3-lobed corollas. V. yacuriensis is found near Lagunas Negra...
During recent botanical explorations in the Zamora-Chinchipe Province (Ecuador), a new population of Magnolia arroyoana was registered, and following IUCN criteria, the species is ranked as critically endangered (CR). To update the taxonomy of this species, we provide the first description of its mature flowers and immature fruits, present the firs...
A new species of Begonia sect. Ruizopavonia A.DC., B. pseudodendron Moonlight & Á.J.Pérez, is described from the western slopes of the Andes in the Colombian Department of Nariño and the Ecuadorian Province of Carchi. The new species is diagnosed against Begonia cymbalifera L.B.Sm. & B.G.Schub. and compared with other similar species. We also provi...
Orchidaceae is among the largest plant families in the world; that is why it is notoriously difficult to identify species using traditional taxonomic methods. This problem is especially apparent in the Andean region of South America, a global hot-spot for orchid diversity. Plant DNA barcoding has been proposed to help with orchid species discrimina...
The Cerro Plateado Biological Reserve is a remote, uninhabited and little-explored region of the palm-rich country of Ecuador. We undertook a joint botanical expedition to this southeastern Andean region to collect and document palms in order to complete our knowledge of the palm flora of Ecuador.
Recent floristic surveys in Ecuador and Peru have found many disjunct species between the Guyana Shield and the Cordillera del Cóndor. Here, we report the occurrence of another disjunct species between these two ranges, Pseudolycopodiella iuliformis (Underw. & F.E. Lloyd) Holub, recently discovered in the Cordillera del Cóndor range. We present a m...
The Andean forests of northern Ecuador are known for their high levels of plant diversity relative to the area they occupy. Typically, these forests grow on steep slopes that lead to dramatic habitat gradients across short distances. These extreme habitat gradients make the Andean forest ecosystem an excellent natural laboratory for understanding t...
Myrcia machinazana, a new species from southern Amazonia in Ecuador is described and illustrated; additionally a distribution map is presented and its conservation status and relationships with other species are discussed. This new species is similar to Myrcia gigantifolia, but differs by its reddish to dark-brown indumentum on new growth (vs. new...
RESUMEN La conservación de remanentes nativos es una prioridad para la recuperación de ecosistemas fragmentados por acción antrópica. En este estudio se evaluó la diversidad florística en el ecosistema de la quebrada Shullum en el Bosque Protector Ilaló, a través del análisis de su composición florística. Se encontraron 18 especies florísticas de l...
Durante una reciente expedición botánica a la Reserva Biológica El Quimi, provincia de Morona Santiago, región de la Cordillera del Cóndor, Phlegmariurus pruinosus (Herter) B. Øllg. fue registrado por primera vez para el Ecuador. Se presenta una descripción morfológica, fotografías y un mapa de distribución actualizado. Adicionalmente, se discute s...
The liverwort and hornwort flora of Ecuador is still very incompletely known. We report three species new to Ecuador (Lejeunea rionegrensis Steph., Notothylas javanica (Sande Lac.) Gottsche, Riccia vitalii Jov.-Ast) and 38 new to the province of Morona Santiago based on our fieldwork in the surroundings of Gualaquiza, Morona Santiago, in 2019. The...
Scaphyglottis clavata is recorded for the first time in the Carchi province of Ecuador, this species is currently distributed in Ecuador and Panama between 800 to 1500 m. In addition, the rediscovery of Vanilla oroana is reported after 30 years of being collected for the first time, significantly broadening its range of distribution between 1000 to...
Three new species of Brunellia are described; their morphology and affinities with other species and their conservation status are discussed. Two of them are endemic to Colombia: Brunellia alnifolia, characterized by three simple and verticellate leaves per node and boat–shaped endocarps, and Brunellia gracilis, with pinnate leaves and urceolate en...
A new taxon belonging to the genus Burmeistera (Campanulaceae, Lobelioideae) is described from El Quimi Biological Reserve in Morona Santiago Province, southeast Ecuador. Burmeistera quimiensis is characterized by its red-violet stems and veins, spiral phyllotaxy, bullate, ascending leaves with a revolute margin, puberulous abaxial leaf surface, cu...
Magnolia lozanoi is rediscovered 26 years after being collected for the first time. Herbarium specimens were collected by Al Gentry in 1993 and formally described by Antonio Vázquez and Ernesto Castro in 2012. This species is known only from El Quimi Biological Reserve in the province of Morona-Santiago, southeastern Ecuador. An emended description...
Magnolia napoensis, a new species from the Amazonian lowlands of Ecuador and Peru is described and illustrated. This species belongs to subsection Talauma; it is similar to M. rimachii in leaf shape but differs from the latter in being taller with a larger diameter and having fewer lateral leaf veins, more numerous hypsophylls, larger flowers, long...
The Cordillera del Cóndor on the border between Ecuador and Peru stands out because of its rich biodiversity and high endemism. Here we describe a new dendroid species of the thalloid liverwort genus Riccardia, R. verticillata Gradst. & Reeb, from El Quimi Biological Reserve in the Cóndor region of Ecuador. The plants consist of a stout, erect axis...
Highlighting patterns of distribution and assembly of plants involves the use of community phylogenetic analyses and complementary traditional taxonomic metrics. However, these patterns are often unknown or in dispute, particularly along elevational gradients, with studies finding different patterns based on elevation. We investigated how patterns...
The "Yasuní Guide to Conspicuous Plants" contains 605 photographs with descriptive characteristics for a total of 57 families and 176 plant species, including trees, shrubs, herbs and lianas.
Without a doubt, a very useful tool for all those interested in plants from the Amazon.
Aristolochia mishuyacensis is recorded for the first time in the Ecuadorian Amazon. Two specimens were collected in two banks of black water tributaries of the Yasuní river, Yasuní National Park. This species is currently distributed in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru, below 200 m. An updated description and images of the species are p...
Este libro presenta información biológica y ecológica sobre 81 especies de árboles representativos de los bosques montanos del noroccidente de Pichincha. El conjunto de árboles seleccionados fueron determinados a partir del sistema de monitoreo de parcelas permanentes de la dinámica de los bosques montanos establecidos por CONDESAN en el 2012.
Se evaluó la composición y estructura florística de dos remanentes de Bosque Andino Montano Alto, localizados en la cima del volcán Ilaló (3 190 m). Estos pertenecen a las Comunas de San Francisco de Baños-La Merced y Tola Chica. En cada remanente se establecieron 10 cuadrantes de 10×10 m (0.2 ha); se censaron todos los individuos con un DAP ≥ 2.5...
Two new species of Burmeistera endemic to Ecuador are described and their relationship with other species are discussed. Burmeistera pterifolia has an extremely narrow distribution on the northwestern foothills of the Andes in the Pichincha province, and it is easily differentiated from its congeners by its pinnatilobate leaf margin and large calyx...
The pantropical genus Begonia is the sixth-largest genus of flowering plants, including 1870 species. The sections of Begonia are used frequently as analogues to genera in other families but, despite their taxonomic utility, few of the current sections have been examined in the light of molecular phylogenetic analyses. We present herein the largest...
Cololejeuneinae is the largest subtribe of the liverwort family Lejeuneaceae and the crown group of the family. The species often grow on the surfaces of living leaves and twigs or in swiftly running waters and many of them possess neotenic gametophytes, considered an adaptation to these extreme habitats. We describe a new, epiphyllous genus and sp...
Brunellia ephemeropetala, a new species discovered in Llanganates National Park, Ecuador is described and illustrated. This species belongs to a group of species that have unifoliate leaves, large fruits and navicular endocarp, in which B. ephemero-petala is distinguished by large and thin stipules, leafy inflorescence and the presence of a petal w...
Begonia albomaculata as circumscribed in the Flora of Ecuador and related publications is shown to be a misapplied name and represents an undescribed species. This is described as Begonia botryoides Moonlight & Tebbitt sp. nov. , and is recorded from the Pichincha, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Napo, Cotopaxi, Azuay and El Oro provinces in Ecuado...
We analyze forest structure, diversity, and dominance in three large-scale Amazonian forest dynamics plots located in Northwestern (Yasuni and Amacayacu) and central (Manaus) Amazonia, to evaluate their consistency with prevailing wisdom regarding geographic variation and the shape of species abundance distributions, and to assess the robustness of...
Mayna yasuniana (Achariaceae), a new species, endemic to the wet forests of the Ecuadorian Amazon, is described and illustrated, and its placement in the genus discussed. The new species is distinguished from all species so far described by their fruits without bristles. In a 25-ha plot in the Yasuní National Park, this new species averages five in...
We describe two new species: Magnolia chiguila and M. mashpii and a new subsection, Magnolia subsect. Chocotalauma, sect. Talauma (Magnoliaceae). Magnolia chiguila is morphologically similar to M. calimaensis, but differs from the latter in having larger and broadly elliptic leaves with larger number of lateral veins and larger flowers with more nu...
Magnolia mindoensis a new species from premontane forest remnants of the biogeographical Chocó of southwestern Colombia and northwestern Ecuador is described and illustrated. This species differs from M. gilbertoi, endemic to Colombia, in having, larger leaf blades with less numerous lateral veins per side, smaller proportion of the length of the s...
ContextNatural regenerating forests are rapidly expanding in the tropics. Forest transitions have the potential to restore biodiversity. Spatial targeting of land use policies could improve the biodiversity benefits of reforesting landscapes. Objective
We explored the relative importance of landscape attributes in influencing the potential of tree...
Two new species of Myrtaceae from Yasuní National Park in Ecuadorian Amazon, Myrcia gigantifolia and Plinia valenciana, are described and illustrated. Myrcia gigantifolia grows in Varzea forest along Tiputini river, while Plinia valenciana grows in lowland forest.
Burmeistera zamorensis Muchhala & Á. J. Pérez (Campanulaceae, Lobelioideae) is described from cloud forests in Zamora Chinchipe, Ecuador. It is distinctive in possessing inflated fruit with thick, fleshy walls, and in the maroon coloration of the ventral surface of its leaves, which contrasts sharply with the dark green of the dorsal leaf surfaces....
An emended description of the poorly known Begonia serotina A.DC. (Begoniaceae) is provided and B. asympeltata L.B.Sm. & Wassh. is newly synonymised with that species. The classification of Begonia serotina in B. sect. Knesebeckia (Klotzsch) A.DC. is confirmed. Begonia compacticaulis Irmsch. is shown to be a synonym of B. ludwigii Irmsch., while th...
La información presentada en el libro se basa en los datos de dos décadas de investigación en una parcela de 50 hectáreas de bosque en el Parque Nacional Yasuní, la cual contiene cerca de 300 000 individuos arbóreos (con diámetro >=1 cm) clasificados en alrededor de 1100 especies. El libro presenta información taxonómica (descripciones morfológicas...
Magnoliaceae con ~330 especies es un género (Magnolia) y com
distribución Americana-Asiática y Europea (registro fósil) deriva de uma
compleja historia biogeográfica de ~100 Ma que muestra en el Nuevo
Mundo un gradiente latitudinal de ~70 grados, desde las Niágara, Canadá a
La Mata Atlántica, Brasil; un gradiente longitudinal de ~67 grados desde La...
Six new species of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) are newly described and illustrated. Information about ecology and distribution is also provided. Two of the species belong to subsection Dugandiodendron: M. azulensis, from Peru and M. shuarorum, from Ecuador; and the other four species belong to subsection Talauma: M. canan- deana, M. crassifolia, M. kic...
Ten new species of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) are described and illustrated; seven of the species are from Mex- ico: M. decastroi, M. faustinomirandae, M. ofeliae, M. pedrazae, M. vovidesii, M. wendtii and M. zamudioi; one from Costa Rica: M. savegrensis; one from Bolivia: M. madidiensis and one from Brazil: M. paranaensis. Two new combinations are pr...
Herbarium- and field-based research indicates that the neotropical genus Swartzia is represented in Ecuador by at least 17 species. A key is provided to aid their identification. In addition, two species, previously undocumented in the literature, are described and illustrated. Both appear to be endemic to Ecuador. Swartzia decidua is known from a...
Three species of the genus Magnolia from premontane and low montane humid forests of Ecuador are newly described and illustrated: Magnolia palandana F. Arroyo, sp. nov., M. pastazaensis F. Arroyo & A.J. Pérez, sp. nov., and M. yantzazana F. Arroyo, sp. nov.
Question
How reliable is the process of delimiting plant species by morphotyping sterile specimens from a highly diverse Amazonian forest plot?
Location
B iological D ynamics of F orest F ragments P roject ( BDFFP ), C entral A mazon, M anaus, B razil.
Methods
A taxonomic exercise was conducted during a C enter for T ropical F orest S cience ( CT...
QuestionHow reliable is the process of delimiting plant species by morphotyping sterile specimens from a highly diverse Amazonian forest plot? Location Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP), Central Amazon, Manaus, Brazil. MethodsA taxonomic exercise was conducted during a Center for Tropical Forest Science (CTFS) Taxonomy Worksho...
Niche differentiation has been proposed as an explanation for rarity in species assemblages. To test this hypothesis requires quantifying the ecological similarity of species. This similarity can potentially be estimated by using phylogenetic relatedness. In this study, we predicted that if niche differentiation does explain the co-occurrence of ra...
Plinia yasuniana, a new species from Ecuadorian Amazon is described and illustrated. This new species is characterized by the large leaves with numerous, impressed lateral veins and subcordate to truncate bases. In a 25-ha plot at Yasuní National Park there are 14 individuals with dbh ≥ 1 cm. Se describe e ilustra Plinia yasuniana, una nueva especi...
Brownea jaramilloi, a new species, endemic to the northeastern Ecuadorian Amazon, is described and illustrated, and its placement in the genus discussed. It is unique in the genus Brownea in being characterised by yellow flowers. In a 25-ha plot in Yasuni National Park, this new species averaged 20 individuals (with dbh ≥ 1 cm) per hectare.
