Allan Gil Salazar Fernando

University of the Philippines – Diliman · National Institute of Geological Sciences

Systematic fish fossil studies are scarce in the tropical West Pacific, which hinders our understanding of historical processes that resulted in the modern fish fauna in the region. To fill this gap, we reviewed published and domestic fish fossil reports in the Philippines, assessed the status of paleoichthyological research, described fish fossil-...

The region with the highest marine biodiversity on our planet is known as the Coral Triangle or Indo-Australian Archipelago (IAA)1,2. Its enormous biodiversity has long attracted the interest of biologists; however, the detailed evolutionary history of the IAA biodiversity hotspot remains poorly understood³. Here we present a high-resolution recons...

Luzon Island remained isolated throughout its emergent history with its paleofauna often considered depauperate. However, the terrestrial vertebrate fossil record of the island is still poorly known. A new fossil-bearing paleochannel deposit was discovered in La Union Province, northwestern Luzon, Philippines. This paleochannel is inferred to be of...

Insular Southeast Asia (ISEA) straddles two distinct biogeographic realms, Indomalayan and Neotropical, recalling its complex geological history. ISEA is composed of continental shelf islands (e.g., Borneo, Java, Sumatra) that were occasionally connected with the Eurasian mainland during periods of low sea levels (i.e., Sundaland), and oceanic isla...

We report 35 molluscan species from Late Miocene cold-seep carbonates from the Amlang Formation in the Ilocos�Central Luzon Basin in Luzon Island, Philippines, collected in a large quarry in the province of Pangasinan. The 19 bivalve species are largely representatives of chemosymbiotic families; the six new species are the nuculid Acila (Truncaci...

The Philippines' active tectonic setting and vulnerability to tsunami hazards underscore the necessity to understand tsunami sources and their impacts. Several tsunamigenic earthquakes have devastated coastal communities in the past but geological evidence of these infrequent extreme wave events (EWEs) have yet to be described and analyzed in detai...

Two nautilid (Cephalopoda, Mollusca) fossils are discovered from an exposure of the late Miocene – early Pliocene Calatagan Formation in Talim Point, Lian, Batangas, southwestern Luzon. They were identified as Nautilus sp. because of the similarity in conch shape and sutures to those of extant species of Nautilus. The two Nautilus specimens were fo...

The Late Cretaceous Pandan Formation in Cebu Island is one of the oldest sedimentary units in Central Philippines. The inconsistencies in geologic descriptions and interpretation of the depositional environment of the Pandan Formation led to complexities in determining the origin and tectonic history of the basement of Cebu Island. This study there...

The Sta. Fe Formation is considered to be the oldest sedimentary sequence covering the Northern Sierra Madre stratigraphic group. The formation consists of limestone and clastic members. The limestone member is fossiliferous, predominantly composed of coral fragments, red algae, pelecypods, gastropods, ostracods, echinoid spines and foraminifera. P...

Presented as a refinement of the calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of the Hole U1490A of International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 363.

Higher resolution biostratigraphic analysis of Oligocene to Pleistocene sediments of Hole U1490A based on the shipboard biostratigraphic data.

Despite the publication of several taxonomic studies during the last few years, our knowledge of bryozoans from the diversity hotspot of the Indo-West Pacific remains seriously deficient. Here we describe 11 bryozoan species, comprising two anascan- and nine ascophoran-grade cheilostomes, from the middle Miocene (Langhian–Serravallian) of Sedan in...

The Red-tailed Green Ratsnake has a wide distributional range in Southeast Asia, including Andaman Islands. The snake occurs in the Philippines on the islands of Balabac, Batan, Bohol, Bongao, Calayan, Camiguin Norte, Dinagat, Leyte, Lubang, Luzon, Marinduque, Mindanao, Negros, Palawan, Panay, Sabtang and Sibuyan (Sy & Tan, 2013; Leviton et al., 20...

Neogene diversity history in the world center of biodiversity known as the Indo-Australian Archipelago (IAA) or the Coral Triangle remains poorly understood. Of particular interest is the recently reported Pliocene diversity jump that is considered to have established the present-day biodiversity level of the region needs rigorous inspections. We i...

High resolution calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphic analysis of Oligocene to Pleistocene sediments recovered in Hole U1490A in the International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 363 based on shipboard biostratigraphic data.

For more than a half-century of research, the Philippine Paleolithic toolmaking has shown the persistence of the small-based flake tools. The bulk of the evidence comes from the excavation in caves and rock shelters. This paper presents the discovered open-sites in northern Mindanao that have large stone artifacts such as choppers and picks. These...

The Kapurpurawan Rock Formation, a wind- and wave-sculpted calcarenite unit along the coast of Burgos, Ilocos Norte, is one of the top tourist destinations in the Philippines that has been recently considered as a possible National Geological Monument because of its geological significance and aesthetic value. The calcarenites in the area have been...

Allen Phonolite is the proposed name for a newly discovered alkaline igneous rock complex in Allen, Northern Samar composed of phonolites and phonolite porphyries. Phenocrysts are made up of large crystals of analcime and diopside. The fine-grained groundmass is composed of K-feldspar, analcime, diopside, magnetite with magnetite and apatite as acc...

Refined biostratigraphic data of Oligocene to Miocene sediments of Hole U1490A based on shipboard biostratigraphic data.

AimCenozoic dynamics of large-scale species diversity patterns remain poorly understood, especially for the Western Pacific, in part, because of the paucity of well-dated fossil records from the tropics. This article aims to reveal the spatiotemporal dynamics of species diversity in the Western Pacific through the Cenozoic, focusing on the tropical...

This discusses the calcareous nannofossil assemblage found in the white and red calcarenite units in Kapurpurawan, Burgos, Ilocos Norte. The result was used to support the early Pliocene age of the units based on planktonic foraminifera assemblage.

The paper presents the results of the calcareous nannofossil investigation of samples collected from known Cretaceous localities in Catanduanes Island, eastern Philippines. The study was conducted in order to verify and refine the ages of Yop and Codon Formations, the oldest lithostratigraphic units in the island. Based on the analysis of samples c...

This study discusses new findings on the lithology and stratigraphy of the Kapurpurawan and its vicinity in Burgos, Ilocos Norte as new outcrops were exposed from the development of windmills.

The early Pliocene white and red calcarenite units of the Pasuquin Limestone were subjected to geochemical analysis using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry. This is to determine whether there is significant difference between the geochemical configurations of the units.

The study aims to establish the calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of an outcrop consisting of turbiditic sandstones and shales located along Pugo River, La Union in the Luzon Central Valley Basin, Philippines. Examination of the samples reveals a moderately-to well-preserved assemblage dominated by Discoaster and Sphenolithus. Based on the occ...

Planktonic Foraminifera analysis of the white and red calcarenite units that make up most of the eastern portion of the study area, Kapurpurawan and its vicinity, was done to determine their ages. These information are crucial in determining the formational assignment of the calcarenite units as they have been mapped in previous studies as either p...

This poster discusses the preliminary results on the petrographic and paleontologic characteristics of the white and red calcarenite units in Burgos, Ilocos Norte. The identification of the calcarenite units plays an important role in the establishment of the geologic history of Kapurpurawan and its vicinity.

Based upon large cerithiform gastropod specimens from the middle Miocene beds of Java, Indonesia and the Philippines, a new genus and new species, Megistocerithium magoi, is described herein. Ten fragmentary specimens from the lower and upper Miocene beds of the Philippines are tentatively referred to this species. M. magoi Kase sp. nov. is amongst...

This poster characterizes the particle morphology of the andesitic and rhyolitic tephra deposits obtained from the cores in Sibuyan sea and Bohol sea, Philippines. The goal was to come up with the physical attributes of the two compositionally different tephra, which can be used in the interpretation of eruption style, fingerprinting and correlatio...

This study investigates the calcareous nannofossil assemblage and composition of 62 field samples collected from a calcareous sedimentary sequence exposed in Mamburao, Occidental Mindoro, Philippines. The sequence consisting of foraminifera-rich, alternating beds of mudstones and fine- to medium-grained sandstones was subjected to stratigraphic log...

This study investigates the calcareous nannofossil assemblage and composition of 62 field samples collected from a calcareous sedimentary sequence exposed in Mamburao, Occidental Mindoro, Philippines. The sequence consisting of foraminifera-rich, alternating beds of mudstones and fine- to medium-grained sandstones was subjected to stratigraphic log...

The Catbalogan Formation is a sequence of alternating beds of mudstones, sandstones and pebble conglomerates extensively distributed along the road from Rosario to Mondragon, and Catarman to Calbayog in Northern Samar. Most of the mudstones contain calcareous nannofossils while sandstones have benthic foraminifera, coal stringers and fragments of m...

The occurrence of Cretaceous calcareous nannofossils is reported from the limestone units of Codon Formation in Codon Point, San Andres, Catanduanes. The nannofossil assemblage consists of long ranging taxa like Watznaueria spp. (W. barnesiae, W. fossacincta and W. manivitiae) and Late Cretaceous forms including Micula prinsii, Micula praemurus, Mi...

The present study reports on the distribution and occurrence of Braarudosphaera bigelowii in the surface sediments of the western part of the South China Sea (SCS), along the coast of Vietnam. This part of the SCS is a known upwelling region, characterized by low salinity conditions due to high annual rainfall and river run-off, confirming the resu...

The present study reports on the preliminary occurrence and distribution of benthic and planktonic foraminifera along the coast of Vietnam, near the Mekong River Delta and the Gulf of Thailand using 19 samples collected during the R/V Sonne SO-187 Cruise in 2006. The project was conducted to relate the distribution of foraminifera with the various...

Investigation of 4 samples from a 270 m section in Bagtic, Negros Oriental revealed the presence of well-preserved calcareous nannofossils indicative of Late Oligocene age. Based on the occurrence of marker taxa like Cyclicargolithus abisectus, C. floridanus, Reticulofenestra bisecta, R. daviesii; Discoaster deflandrei, Helicosphaera recta, Sphenol...

The paper presents the results of a calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphic study of 3 cores obtained from Indahag Limestone within the Laguindingan-Gitagum area in western Misamis Oriental, northern Mindanao. Based on the calcareous nannofossil assemblages and the occurrence of index markers like Discoaster pentaradiatus, Discoaster quadramus, Dis...

Biri Island off Northern Samar is known for its impressive rock formations made up of sedimentary rocks, as well as volcanic flow deposits and agglomerates. Analysis of 55 mudstone to fine-grained sandstone samples collected from five localities around the island revealed poorly-to moderately-preserved calcareous nannofossils. Despite the lack of d...

The results of a calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphic investigation of the North Fork Cottonwood Creek section of the Budden Canyon Formation (BCF; Hauterivian–Turonian) in northern California are summarized using the Boreal – cosmopolitan Boreal Nannofossil Biostratigraphy (BC) – Upper Cretaceous Nannofossil Biostratigraphy (UC) nannofossil zon...

The occurrence of Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2) 94 million years ago is considered to be one of the largest carbon cycle perturbations in the Earth's history. The marked increase in the spatial extent of the anoxic conditions in the world's oceans associated with OAE2 resulted in the mass accumulation of organic-rich sediments. Although extensive o...

Marine tephra layers in Philippine inland seas were studied to evaluate the history of explosive volcanism in the region and their impact on the marine environment. Two discrete andesitic (SiO*blc*2*elc* = 55-63 wt%) tephra layers were found at depths 446.5-448.4 cm and 454.9-455.8 cm in the gravity core MD 3057 recovered during the Marion Dufresne...

The study of marine ash layers is important for identifying explosive eruptions and their possible impact on the marine environment. In the Philippines, there is additional benefit because tephra are not well preserved on land due to extensive erosion. Here we focus on three tephra layers (1-2 cm thick) preserved in a 960 cm-core, MD06-3057, from t...

The Thomel Level of the Lambruisse section in the Vocontian Basin (southeast France), which is marked by intercalations of black shales and organic-rich marls, accumulated during the oceanic anoxic event 2 (OAE2) occurring in the Cenomanian-Turonian (C-T) boundary interval. Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphic investigation of this interval reve...

The Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE 2) was one of at least two large oceanic anoxic events during the Cretaceous Period, and it is characterized in the stratigraphic record by double positive peaks in the δ¹³C curves of carbonate and organic carbon. Since the positive δ¹³C shift is believed to have resulted from massive burial of isotopically depleted...

A detailed interbasinal study of calcareous nannofossils in surface sediments and their environmental preferences was conducted across the South China Sea, from the upwelling area off Vietnam to the non-upwelling area off Luzon, Philippines. Emiliania huxleyi, Florisphaera profunda and Gephyrocapsa oceanica are the dominant taxa in all the stations...