Alfred Addy

• Master of Public Health, Bachelor of Health Sciences, Dip. Nursing, RN
• Director, MEL at Africa Institute For Regulatory Affairs (AIFRA) LBG

The Ghana Journal of Nursing and Midwifery (GJNMID) marks its inaugural volume with 25 peer-reviewed publications across four quarterly issues, establishing itself as a pioneering platform for healthcare research in Africa. The journal demonstrates remarkable growth in both quantity and quality of submissions, with publications increasing from 4 p...

This compilation synthesis 25 peer-reviewed articles published by the Ghana Journal of Nursing and Midwifery from the Quarter 1 to Quarter 4 of 2024. It covered publications on Digital Transformation, Healthcare Evolution, Innovations, Clinical Practice and Integration of Technology in Health Systems across Africa and with special focus on Ghanaian...

This study examines the relationship between professional oversight, patient trust, and clinical outcomes in AI healthcare implementation across six African nations. Through comprehensive statistical analysis of implementation data from 2019-2024, including correlation analysis, effect size computation, and time-series analysis, the study evaluates...

Purpose: This study analyzed the progression and effectiveness of mental health service integration in Ghana's primary care system from 2018 to 2023, focusing on case detection rates, treatment outcomes, and screening tool performance. Method: A mixed-methods systematic review approach was employed, incorporating quantitative data synthesis and tem...

This analysis examines Ghana's regulatory framework for protecting sensitive health data in AI-based healthcare research and development. Drawing on recent Ghanaian studies, it evaluates the applicability of existing laws, including the Data Protection Act 2012 and Health Professions Regulatory Bodies Act 2013, to AI-specific challenges. The analys...

This analysis examines the ethical implications of implementing AI for mental health support in Ghana through the lenses of utilitarian, principle based, and virtue ethics frameworks. Drawing on recent Ghanaian studies, it identifies key benefits such as increased access to mental health resources and potential risks including privacy concerns and...

This analysis examines the challenge of mitigating AI bias in remote patient monitoring systems within the Ghanaian healthcare context. Utilizing the IRAC framework, it explores three key issues: data representativeness, algorithmic fairness, and regulatory compliance. The study reviews relevant Ghanaian legislation, including the Health Profession...

This analysis examines the ethics, biases, and risks associated with AI in medical diagnosis in Ghana, drawing on extensive local research. Key findings from Ghanaian literature highlight the need for regulatory adaptation, as current healthcare laws are inadequate for governing AI systems. Studies emphasize the importance of addressing potential b...

This analysis examines the challenge of balancing innovation and regulation of AI-powered medical devices in Ghana's healthcare system. It evaluates existing legal frameworks, including the Food and Drugs Authority Act and Health Professions Regulatory Bodies Act, revealing their inadequacy in addressing AI-specific issues. The study proposes a mul...

This comprehensive analysis examines the regulatory landscape for AI health applications in Ghana, drawing insights from numerous Ghanaian studies. The objective was to assess the current legal framework, ethical considerations, quality control measures, data protection protocols, and liability issues surrounding AI health apps. The analysis reveal...

This analysis examines Ghana's regulatory framework for ensuring access, equity, and addressing disparities in AI health applications. Utilizing the CRuPAC (Context, Rules, Principles, Application, and Conclusion) method, the study reviews relevant Ghanaian legislation and recent scholarly works. The analysis reveals that while Ghana has a comprehe...

This analysis examines the adequacy of Ghana's current regulatory framework in addressing AI explainability in clinical decision support systems. It evaluates existing healthcare laws, derives underlying principles, and assesses their application to AI governance. The study finds significant gaps in the current regulatory regime, including a lack o...

This paper examines the potential of AI in enhancing disease surveillance and outbreak response in developing countries. Through a comprehensive literature review, the study assesses the current state of AI applications, identifies challenges and opportunities, and proposes an implementation framework. Findings reveal that AI technologies offer sig...

GJNMID It is an international interdisciplinary peer-reviewed Journal that publishes on all aspects of Nursing, Midwifery and Health. GJNMID prides itself with providing a seamless and efficient publishing experience for authors and researchers. The Journal welcomes high impact articles on emerging Nursing, Midwifery and Health that cover (but...

This comparative analysis examines the nursing and midwifery regulatory frameworks of Ghana, South Africa, Kenya, and Liberia to identify strengths, weaknesses, and areas for improvement. The analysis reveals that while Ghana and South Africa have relatively comprehensive and up-to-date frameworks, Kenya and Liberia face challenges related to the s...

This paper aims to examine how virtual teaching and learning affect the acquisition of skills and knowledge among healthcare professionals in Ghana using the SWOT framework and socio ecological model. The findings indicate that virtual teaching offers benefits such as improved accessibility, flexibility, cost effectiveness and opportunities for exp...

Objective: Analyze Ghana's vaccine regulations framework to identify strengths, limitations and policy refinement opportunities regarding manufacturing/distribution. Method: Structured CRuPAC legal review model encompassing comparative assessment of Food/Drugs Act and Public Health Act provisions based on identified criteria; investigation of rul...

Objective: This analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of preceptorship programs on nursing education and practice in Ghana, considering challenges, opportunities, and outcomes. Method: A comprehensive literature review and synthesis of findings from studies and case examples from Ghana and other West African countries were conducted. Findings: Prec...

The study aimed to investigate how nursing and midwifery education, in Ghana has transitioned into the digital era looking at the background, motivations, procedures, participants and content involved. It utilized a historical analysis method by referencing implementation documents and other relevant literature. The results indicated that Ghana's s...

The research paper titled "Challenges, in Regulating Artificial Intelligence Use in Ghana's Judicial System" delves into the pitfalls, societal challenges and impacts associated with implementing AI technologies within Ghana's courts. By examining Ghana's framework encompassing laws regarding healthcare, data protection and evidence handling the st...

This paper examines Ghana's fragmented digital regulatory landscape and its implications for the effective governance of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. Through a comprehensive legal document analysis, the study identifies the gaps, overlaps, and inconsistencies in the current regulatory framework and argues for the consolidation of Ghan...

This article examines the legal, ethical, and regulatory implications of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare delivery, medical negligence, and public health administration in Ghana from a multidisciplinary perspective. Through a comprehensive analysis of Ghanaian laws, ethical principles, and comparative studies, the article high...

This paper aims to examine how virtual teaching and learning affect the acquisition of skills and knowledge among healthcare professionals in Ghana using the SWOT framework and socio ecological model. The findings indicate that virtual teaching offers benefits such as improved accessibility, flexibility, cost effectiveness and opportunities for exp...

Objective: This study analyzes Ghana's legal and regulatory landscape governing the adoption of AI and advanced technologies in healthcare, focusing on vaccine delivery. Methods: A qualitative assessment of laws, policies, and institutions was conducted, identifying mechanisms enabling and hindering AI integration. Results: Ghana's frameworks prior...

Objective: This paper seeks to thoroughly re-evaluate the strengths of Ghana's nursing and midwifery licensure examination digitization implementation against existing criticisms on preparedness, equity and transition gaps. Method: An in-depth counter-analysis approach drawing extensively from authoritative internal technical documents and monitori...

The research paper titled "Challenges, in Regulating Artificial Intelligence Use in Ghana's Judicial System" delves into the pitfalls, societal challenges and impacts associated with implementing AI technologies within Ghana's courts. By examining Ghana's framework encompassing laws regarding healthcare, data protection and evidence handling the st...

Objective: Diagnose drivers of disproportionate COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among educated Ghanaians integrating theoretical frameworks and health systems perspectives. Method: Expanded analysis blending Health Belief, Transtheoretical, Planned Behavior models and Structure-Process-Outcome constructs with scholarly literature, case studies and Publi...

Objective: Evaluate efficacy of Ghana's Nursing and Midwifery Act, 2013 (Act 857) regarding regulatory supervision using CRuPAC framework. Method: Conceptual, rules, principles, application and conclusion analysis of the Act's oversight provisions against judicial precedents and case studies investigating supervision relevance. Results: Provisions...

Amidst vaccine safety hesitancy risks, this analysis applies CREAC method to interpret Ghana's Food and Drugs Law 1992 (PNDCL 305B) establishing regulation alongside Public Health Act 2012 (Act 851) enabling compulsion, evaluating policy levers balancing access assurance and outbreak response efficacy with dissent and rights protections. Key amendm...

Objective: Diagnose multi-level barriers inhibiting COVID-19 vaccination among Ghanaian urban professionals using a socio-ecological model to inform targeted intervention design. Method: Analysis of peer-reviewed studies, surveys, policy and legal environments across individual, interpersonal, organizational, community and societal lenses. Results...

Objective: Diagnose drivers of disproportionate COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among educated Ghanaians integrating theoretical frameworks and health systems perspectives. Method: Expanded analysis blending Health Belief, Transtheoretical, Planned Behavior models and Structure-Process-Outcome constructs with scholarly literature, case studies and Publi...

This work applied the Donabedian Model for structuring analysis of improving vaccine awareness and acceptance in urban Ghana. Relevant literature, precedents, and a counterframework centered participation and consent-focused processes. Key results show promise in localized messaging, access expansion, and healthcare worker capacity building if comm...

Objective: Investigate drivers of and strategies to address vaccine hesitancy among educated Ghanaians Method: Analyze perceptions, attitudes and behaviors using the Health Belief Model framework; review statutory infectious disease control powers and vaccine public health jurisprudence locally and abroad Results: Low perceived susceptibility and s...

Objective: Analyze drivers of vaccine hesitancy among Ghana's educated to offer coherent policy responses bridging knowledge-action gaps. Method: Sequential exploratory analysis via Donabedian and Socio-ecological frameworks. Results: Risk-information biases amongst educated exacerbate vaccine doubt; lack of healthcare empathy, policy oversight on...

This legal risk analysis examines Ghana's Health Institutions and Facilities Act 829 of 2011 with attention to heightened medical negligence exposures for both healthcare facilities as well as individual clinical practitioners created under the legislation. Specifically, Section 25 imposes robust vicarious organizational liability upon licensed hos...

Objective: To analyze Ghana's Public Health Act 2012 applying the CRuPAC policy review methodology regarding its adequacy and provisions for enabling domestic vaccine manufacturing, especially considering shortages during the COVID-19 response. Method: Granular examination of Ghana law's relevant sections pertaining to infectious disease control, b...

The global COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the urgent need for efficient vaccine production and distribution systems, particularly in regions like Sub-Saharan Africa and Ghana. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review on AI assisted proffered solutions for vaccine production and distribution challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa with focus...

Objective: This study examines reforming Ghana's dated Public Health Act to enable responsible AI adoption improving equitable vaccine access.Method: A blended CRuPAC-CREAC analytical framework grounded in statutory language, precedents and academic literature is utilized. Results: Current Act provisions grant the Health Minister broad oversight po...

This paper examines the admissibility of increasingly capable AI systems as expert medical witnesses under Ghana's Evidence Act of 1975. With advanced algorithms matching or exceeding human diagnostic accuracy for certain tests, the ability for AI to testify on standards of care in malpractice lawsuits holds tremendous access implications for low-r...

Objective: Analyze Ghana's public health law comprehensiveness, responsiveness, uniformity and accountability regarding complex modern risks at the intersection of infectious disease, medical AI and vaccine equity. Method: Doctrinal legal review (CRuPAC) of the 2012 Public Health Act combined with sociolegal analysis of judicial cases, academic lit...

Objective: This paper examines the adequacy of Ghana's Public Health Act 2012 for governing rising use of algorithmic systems like AI in automating vaccine distribution. Method: Employing the structured CREAC legal reasoning framework, it systematically analyses current statutory flexibility, rights safeguards and accountability provisions in the A...

This comparative legal analysis examines gaps in medical negligence liability principles and healthcare AI governance policies across Ghana, Nigeria and South Africa. Applying structured analytical frameworks, it maps longstanding laws focused on human provider standards of care against modern contexts of rising algorithmic and robotic assistance n...

Ghana instituted the Health Professions Regulatory Bodies Act, 2013 (Act 857) as landmark legislation seeking to enhance accountability, quality, and ethics in healthcare delivery through establishment of Regulatory Councils governing licensing, practice standards, continuing education and discipline across doctors, nurses, pharmacists and allied h...

Artificial intelligence (AI) integration within Ghana's health workforce training programs shows immense potential to enhance quality, consistency and personalization if thoughtfully implemented. This mixed methods SWOT analysis evaluates major strengths like expanded accessibility, weaknesses around connectivity barriers and literacy, opportunitie...

Objective: This analysis explored gaps between Ghana's Public Health Act's oversight provisions and on-the-ground implementation realities using an algorithmic accountability lens, assessing the sufficiency of current vaccine supply chain governance to address risks of unfairness and opacity from integrating artificial intelligence systems. Method:...

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the critical importance of effective vaccination programs in safeguarding public health. However, ensuring successful vaccination campaigns requires more than just the availability of vaccines. It necessitates comprehensive strategies, robust regulatory frameworks, and strong collaboration between governments a...

This paper on burnout among health educators provided a comparative analysis of this burnout phenomenon within the context of sub-Saharan Africa with focus on Ghanaian health educators. The paper revealed that the root causes of burnout among health educators in Sub-Saharan Africa are multifaceted. These professionals often face heavy workloads and...

This analysis examines the ethical implications of implementing AI for mental health support in Ghana through the lenses of utilitarian, principle-based, and virtue ethics frameworks. Drawing on recent Ghanaian studies, it identifies key benefits such as increased access to mental health resources and potential risks including privacy concerns and...

This analysis examines Ghana's regulatory framework for ensuring access, equity, and addressing disparities in AI health applications. Utilizing the CRuPAC (Context, Rules, Principles, Application, and Conclusion) method, the study reviews relevant Ghanaian legislation and recent scholarly works. The analysis reveals that while Ghana has a comprehe...

This article delves into the relationship between COVID-19 and cancer. The challenges and effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer patients are highlighted, along with an explanation of the most crucial strategies that must be adhered to avoid this virus. Explaining the importance of healthcare systems in providing services to patients and assist...

The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges to healthcare systems worldwide. As countries strive to vaccinate their populations efficiently and effectively, the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in vaccine distribution has become increasingly significant. This paper aims to compare and contrast the AI-assisted vaccine distribution s...

This paper arguing for the inclusion of a medical law education within the nursing and midwifery curriculum in Ghana is a compelling and well-reasoned piece. It highlights the crucial nature of this education for the advancement of the Ghanaian experience in quality healthcare delivery. The author effectively argues that by incorporating internatio...

Medical practitioners, the individuals entrusted with the responsibility of preserving and improving human life, are often regarded as professionals licensed to kill. This controversial notion arises from the delicate balance between saving lives and making difficult decisions that may result in harm or even death. In Ghana, the synthesis of medica...

The characteristics of the governance system in health training institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa, with a focus on Ghana, are crucial for the development of competent health professionals. However, numerous challenges hinder the progress of these institutions and impede the production of skilled healthcare workers. By examining how Nigeria, Rwanda...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized various industries, and the healthcare sector is no exception. In the West African healthcare sector, particularly in Ghana, AI has the potential to greatly enhance supply chain management for vaccine distribution. By analyzing relevant case studies and concrete examples of countries that have success...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized various industries, and the healthcare sector is no exception. In the West African healthcare sector, particularly in Ghana, AI has the potential to greatly enhance supply chain management for vaccine distribution. By analyzing relevant case studies and concrete examples of countries that have success...

AI-augmented governance of the Ghanaian healthcare delivery system has undoubtedly revolutionized the way medical records are accessed and retrieved. However, it is imperative to address the ethical and privacy concerns surrounding patients' medical records. Firstly, the use of AI raises ethical issues regarding patient consent and autonomy. Patien...

The field of gerontological and geriatric studies in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Ghana, has gained significant attention in recent years. This literature review aimed to provide an overview on the state of research in this area. Several key themes emerge from the reviewed literature. Firstly, there is a growing recognition of the unique cha...

Medical practitioners, the individuals entrusted with the responsibility of preserving and improving human life, are often regarded as professionals licensed to kill. This controversial notion arises from the delicate balance between saving lives and making difficult decisions that may result in harm or even death. In Ghana, the synthesis of medica...

The analysis of anaesthesia practice and the law within the global lens has provided valuable insights into the international landscape of this medical specialty. The analysis of selected case laws from common law jurisdictions further emphasized the importance of legal frameworks in ensuring patient safety and professional accountability. By compa...

This paper on the practice of nursing, midwifery and the tort of negligence within the Ghanaian Laws provided a comprehensive analysis of the Ghanaian medico-legal Jurisprudence. The legal analysis probed two issues: 1) What are the jurisprudential positions of the Ghanaian laws on negligence in nursing, midwifery and other specialists practices? 2...

The challenges faced by healthcare providers in delivering high-quality care to neonates in Ghana and West Africa are numerous. Limited resources, including equipment, medications, and skilled personnel, hinder the ability to provide optimal care. Additionally, cultural beliefs and practices often pose obstacles to effective healthcare delivery. Fu...

Male circumcision is a controversial topic that has sparked debates regarding its impact on sexual function, psychological well-being, and overall quality of life. Several empirical studies conducted in West Africa, particularly in Ghana, have shed light on this issue. The objective of these studies was to examine the effects of male circumcision o...

This paper on the practice of nursing, midwifery and the tort of negligence within the Ghanaian Laws provided a comprehensive analysis of the Ghanaian medico-legal Jurisprudence. The legal analysis probed two issues: 1) What are the jurisprudential positions of the Ghanaian laws on negligence in nursing, midwifery and other specialists practice...

This article dealt with the criminal jurisprudential questions of: 1) whether multiple/concurrent action in medical negligence are actionable in the Ghanaian Criminal Jurisprudence? 2) whether vicarious liability lie for the employer of the medical or surgical practitioners who commit negligence in medical or surgical treatment? The legal analysis...

This paper on comparative legal analysis of the medical negligence landscape: the Ghanaian and commonwealth criminal jurisprudence provides a comprehensive analysis of medical negligence and assault in various countries. The case of gross medical negligence is a serious issue that requires immediate attention. Through the analysis of various author...

The paper on knowledge gaps, remediation and curricula design in childhood blindness: the case for nursing and midwifery professional training in Ghana provides a comprehensive analysis of the global evidence and findings related to childhood blindness. The authors effectively contextualize the topic within the specific context of Ghana, highlighti...

Purpose: Evaluate the possibilities and limitations of implementing the Essential Ghana Public Health Act to manage the growing development of artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled health care in light of the contemporary gap in research so. Methodology: A review of the 2012 public health regulatory provisions and anti-technology surveillance mechan...

The presents digest provides a comprehensive review of studies addressing the legal, ethical, and policy implications of regulating artificial intelligence (AI) in mental healthcare and medical negligence in Ghana. The studies cover a wide range of issues, including the adequacy of existing laws, the role of specific acts, ethical considerations in...

This compilation of bibliographies is to help researchers conducting studies into healthcare regulation in developing countries. They have been compiled in one document to facilitate the ease of scholarly research into the relevant healthcare regulation in developing countries especially Ghana.

The presents digest provides a comprehensive review of studies addressing the legal, ethical, and policy implications of regulating artificial intelligence (AI) in mental healthcare and medical negligence in Ghana. The studies cover a wide range of issues, including the adequacy of existing laws, the role of specific acts, ethical considerations in...

This paper examines Ghana's fragmented digital regulatory landscape and its implications for the effective governance of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. Through a comprehensive legal document analysis, the study identifies the gaps, overlaps, and inconsistencies in the current regulatory framework and argues for the consolidation of Ghan...

The research paper delves into the pitfalls, societal challenges and impacts associated with implementing AI technologies within Ghana's courts. By examining Ghana's framework encompassing laws regarding healthcare, data protection and evidence handling the study highlights gaps and obstacles in addressing AI related risks within the judicial syste...

This article examines the legal, ethical, and regulatory implications of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare delivery, medical negligence, and public health administration in Ghana from a multidisciplinary perspective. Through a comprehensive analysis of Ghanaian laws, ethical principles, and comparative studies, the article high...

Objective: This study analyzes Ghana's legal and regulatory landscape governing the adoption of AI and advanced technologies in healthcare, focusing on vaccine delivery. Methods: A qualitative assessment of laws, policies, and institutions was conducted, identifying mechanisms enabling and hindering AI integration. Results: Ghana's frameworks prior...

This article examines the legal, ethical, and regulatory implications of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare delivery, medical negligence, and public health administration in Ghana from a multidisciplinary perspective. Through a comprehensive analysis of Ghanaian laws, ethical principles, and comparative studies, the article high...

The empirical study conducted in the Twifo Paso Hospital provides a picture of the quality of neonatal care provided in the facility. The descriptive quantitative research design was used to conduct the study. The total sample of 260 medical and support staff at the hospital were selected for the study. The study revealed that the standard of care...