Alexey V. Kiryukhin

Institute Of Volcanology And Seismology, Russian Academy of Sciences · Lab Heat&Mass Transfer

Valley of Geyser Reservoir and Kikhpinych Volcano form a joint magma-hydrothermal system, which is characterized by recent (500-1500 years ago) eruptions of Kikhpinych volcano and sub-caldera formation; shallow magmatic activity in area of 15 km2 beneath, meteoric water and magmatic components (Cl, CO2) recharge and convective thermal outflow from...

Based on a generalization of empirical data and theoretical dependencies, equations linking the upper limit of maximum earthquake magnitude and the volume of fluid injection during water injection, supercritical CO2, and magmatic activity preceding volcanic eruptions were obtained. The equations can be used to predict trigger seismicity in shale ga...

How to cite this article: Kiryukhin A.V., Bergal-Kuvikas O.V., Lemzikov M.V., Zhuravlev N.B. Magmatic system of the Klyuchevskoy volcano according to seismic data and their geomechanical interpretation. Abstract. 3D analysis of the magma transport and accumulation mechanism in the structure and basement of the Klyuchevskoy volcano preceding 11 erup...

Abstract. The temperature in the Valley of Geysers (Kamchatka) geothermal reservoir calculated using the feldspar Na-K-geothermometer has been steadily increasing over the past 10 years on average from 165 to 235 °C, which is close to the temperature values of a hydrothermal explosion of the steam and water mixture. For the analysis of chemical geo...

A conceptual model of the thermal and water recharge of the Ketkinsky geothermal field as a product of magma and water injection from the Koryaksky volcano located 24 km apart was proposed. A digital hydrogeological model of the Ketkinsky geothermal field was developed in the volume of 7 km x 5 km x 2.5 km (from the topographic surface), it include...

Mutnovsky geothermal area in Kamchatka, Russia where 62 MWe GeoPP installed - is a source of geothermal electricity supply, as well as a hazard volcanic area. We used local seismicity micro-earthquakes (MEQ's) data from 2009 to 2021 to define seismogenic faults beneath and adjacent to Mutnovsky volcano, which interpreted as magma injections in form...

В сборнике представлены материалы всероссийской научной конференции с международным участием «Геотермальная вулканология, гидрогеология, геология нефти и газа» (Geothermal Volcanology Workshop 2022), проведенной Институтом вулканологии и сейсмологии ДВО РАН в 2022 г. Освещаются результаты исследований геотермофлюидомеханики вулканических, гидротерм...

AVKiryukhin2@mail.ru Разработан высокочастотный (мин-1) метод хлоридного трассера основан на измерениях электропроводности речной воды и доплеровской расходометрии. Метод применен для определения динамики разгрузки глубинного теплоносителя (Q d) и объемов извержений гейзеров в Долине Гейзеров. A high-frequency (min-1) chloride tracer method was dev...

Under Earth crust horizontal extension conditions, the eruptive productivity of active volcanoes is maximal (Kliuchevskoy volcano). Under horizontal crust compression, active volcanoes are injectors of water and magma into the adjacent geofluidic reservoirs and form high-temperature hydrothermal systems (Mutnovsky volcano). Regional seismogenic fau...

Under Earth crust horizontal extension conditions, the eruptive productivity of active volcanoes is maximal (Kliuchevskoy volcano). Under horizontal crust compression, active volcanoes are injectors of water and magma into the adjacent geofluidic reservoirs and form high-temperature hydrothermal systems (Mutnovsky volcano). Regional seismogenic fau...

The total deep component natural mass discharge Qd (defined in terms of chloride mass discharge Qcl) of the Valley of Geysers, on an average ranges from 280 kg/s from 1961 to 1984, to 230 kg/s after 2015. Post 2012, discharge measurements reveal a seasonal variation: the discharge increases (340–370 kg/s) during the winter-frozen period, and decrea...

This special issue comprises 12 papers from authors in 10 countries with new insights on the close coupling between magma as an energy and fluid source with hydrothermal systems as a primary control of magmatic behavior. Data and interpretation are provided on the rise of magma through a hydrothermal system, the relative timing of magmatic and hydr...

Here, we report on a new geyser (named Shaman) formed in the Uzon caldera (Kronotsky Federal Nature Biosphere Reserve, Russia) in autumn 2008 from a cycling hot Na-Cl spring. The geyser is a pool-type CO2-gas lift driven. From 2012 to 2018, the geyser has shown a rather stable interval between eruptions (IBE) from 129 to 144 min with a fountain hei...

Active volcanoes are associated with microearthquake (MEQ) hypocenters that form plane-oriented cluster distributions. These are faults delineating a magma injection system of dykes and sills. The Frac-Digger program was used to track fracking faults in the Kamchatka active volcanic belt and fore-arc region of Russia. In the case of magma laterally...

The forecast geothermal resources of Kamchatka are sufficient to generate 3900 MW of electrical energy. The same resources for heat supply are estimated at a capacity of 1350 MWt (thermal). Thermohydrodynamic TOUGH2 modeling of exploitation of already identified productive hydrogeothermal reservoirs with installed energy properties allows us to pre...

The Paratunsky geothermal field has been in operation since 1964, mostly in a self-flowing mode, with a discharge rate of approximately 250 kg/s of thermal water at temperatures of 70–90°С (47 Mw, with the waste water having a temperature of 35°С). The water drawn from the field is used for local heating, spa heating, and for greeneries in the vill...

The Paratunsky geothermal field has been in operation since 1964, mostly in a self-flowing mode, with a discharge rate of approximately 250 kg/s of thermal water at temperatures of 70‒90°С (47 MW, with the waste water having a temperature of 35°С). The water drawn from the field is used for local heating, spa heating, and for greeneries in the vill...

The thermal, hydrogeological, and chemical processes affecting Kamchatka geothermal reservoirs were studied by using isotope and geochemistry data: (1) The Geysers Valley hydrothermal reservoirs; (2) The Paratunsky low temperature reservoirs; (3) The North-Koryaksky hydrothermal system; (4) The Mutnovsky high temperature geothermal reservoir; (5) T...

Secondary minerals assemblages that are deposited from thermal solutions at the top of geysers (Velikan, Bolshoy) were investigated. It is established that assemblages are represented mainly by opal and high-silica zeolites (mordenite and heulandite). As conditions of feeding hydrothermal reservoir change, minerals of the kaolinite group and smecti...

An analysis of local seismicity within the Klyuchevskoi Volcanic Cluster and Shiveluch Volcano for the period 2000–2017 revealed a sequence of plane-oriented earthquake clusters that are interpreted here as the emplacement of dikes and sills (magmatic fracking). The geometry of magma bodies reflects the geomechanical conditions in volcanic plumbing...

1941–2017 period of the Valley of Geysers monitoring (Kamchatka, Kronotsky Reserve) reveals a very dynamic geyser behavior under natural state conditions: significant changes of IBE (interval between eruptions) and power of eruptions, chloride and other chemical components, and preeruption bottom temperature. Nevertheless, the total deep thermal wa...

The Mutnovsky geothermal area is part of the Eastern Kamchatka active volcano belt. Mutnovsky, 80 kY old and an aging strato-volcano (a complex of 4 composite volcanic cones), acts as a magma- and water-injector into the 25-km-long North Mutnovsky extension zone. Magmatic injection events (dykes) are associated with plane-oriented MEQ (Micro Earth...

The Paratunsky geothermal field is a classic example of a low temperature hydrothermal reservoir of meteoric origin. Hydrogeochemical zoning reflects a different intensity of water exchange in the Western and Eastern sites of the field. The hydrogeochemical history of operations 1966-2015 shows the involvement of chloride waters across the field's...

The Paratunsky low temperature geothermal field has been operating since 1964. During the period of exploitation from 1966 to 2014, 321 Mt of thermal water (Cl-Na, Cl-SO4-Na composition, M up to 2600 ppm) with temperatures of 70–100°С was extracted and used for district heating, balneology and greenhouses. The structure of the 40 km³ Paratunsky low...

The Koryaksky-Avachinsky volcanogenic basin, which has an area of 2530 km ² , is located 25 km from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky City and includes five Quaternary volcanoes (two of which, Avachinsky (2750 masl) and Koryaksky (3456 masl), are active), and is located within a depression that has formed atop Cretaceous basement rocks. Magma injection zone...

An analysis of local seismicity within the Avacha–Koryakskii Volcanic Cluster during the 2000–2016 period revealed a sequence of plane-oriented earthquake clusters that we interpret as a process of dike and sill emplacement. The highest magmatic activity occurred in timing with the 2008–2009 steam–gas eruption of Koryakskii Volcano, with magma inje...

The local seismicity during the 2012–2013 eruption of Tolbachik Volcano and the 2008–2009 steam–gas eruption of Koryakskii Volcano is here considered as resulting from injections of magma that produced dikes, sills, and renewed activity at preexisting faults. We identified plane-oriented earthquake clusters in order to reveal the above zones using...

Vertical ground displacements at the Mutnovskii Geothermal Field were measured annually during the 2004–2013 period using a network of borehole markers. Three areas have been identified where the vertical displacements were different in character. Positive vertical deformation (2–5 mm/yr) was recorded in the middle of the Dachnyi Area in 2005–2006,...

A large dike intrusion and fissure eruption lasting nine months began on November 27, 2013, beneath the south flank of Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. The eruption was the most recent at Tolbachik since the Great Tolbachik Eruption from 1975-1976. The 2012 eruption was preceded by more than six months of seismicity that clustered beneath the...

Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is an important method for measuring surface deformation at high spatial sampling over entire volcanoes. We present the application of InSAR and in-situ data, where available, to several types of volcano deformation processes around in the Pacific Rim. We use satellite SAR using the Italian COSMO-Sky...

This paper describes the results from observations of the hydrogeological behavior in the Geyser Valley in 2007-2013 at the main monitored geysers and springs and in Lake Podprudnoe after the disastrous landslide of June 3, 2007. According to observations at Bolshoy Geyser, its mean eruption period is almost two times shorter compared to that befor...

It is shown that the productive reservoir received considerable quantities of meteoric water during the operation of the Pauzhetka geothermal field (1960–2007), which amounted to 30% of the total with-drawal of heat carrier. This led to cooling of the productive reservoir and reduced steam extraction. Modeling the operation process with the infiltr...

We will present new geochemical data for Mutnovsky Volcano, located along the volcanic front of the southern portion of the Kamchatka arc, which elucidate the roles for fractional crystallization (FC), assimilation fractional crystallization (AFC) and dehydration partial melting of amphibole-bearing basaltic rock in controlling the compositional ev...

The paper describes the role of hydrothermal fluid circulation in the creation of porous reservoirs bounded by low-permeability layers in volcanogenic rocks, which can accumulate fluids of different origin and phase conditions. The Rogozhnikovsky oil-bearing volcanogenic production reservoir in west Siberia, hosted in Triassic rhyolite tuffs and la...

Mutnovsky Volcano, located in Kamchatka, Russia, is a young volcano that has formed a series of four overlap-ping stratocones over its approximately 80 ka history. Erupted products at Mutnovsky range in composition from basalts to dacites; basalts are the most common. In this study, melt inclusions from representative samples of all erupted composi...

A laboratory installation has been developed together with a technique for determining thermo-physical properties (thermal conductivity and specific heat) in cylindrical rock specimens. The technique is based on iTOUGH2-EOS3 inversion modeling using temperature measurements inside specimens as a result of their short-term heating and subsequent ret...

This paper considers the role of hydrothermal processes in the generation of porous and permeable reservoirs in volcanogenic rocks, their boundedness with low-permeability interfaces, and the accumulation of fluids of various origins and phase states in the reservoirs. The Rogozhnikovskii productive reservoir is an example of a volcanogenic oil res...

The formation of the hydrothermal system in the Valley of Geysers is shown to be governed by a structure of radial and circular faults of above-intrusion zone of a partially melted magmatic body with an epicenter near the Upper-Geyser Field, while the hydrothermal system is shown to receive its water from elevations of +500 to +900 m abs (according...

The Geysers Valley hydrothermal system is hosted within a system of two permeable faults (revealed by mapping thermal features), located above a suggested partially melted magmatic body and recharged by meteoric water along the outcrops of rhyolite–dacite extrusions. Fast erosion is stimulating the significant discharge rate, the geyser’s cycling m...

On June 3, 2007, a catastrophic Giant landslide took place in the Geysers Valley, Kamchatka. It occurred synchronously with a steam explosion and was then transformed into a debris mudflow. Within a few minutes, 20 mln m3 of rocks were shifted 2 km downstream the Geysernaya river, which created a dam with Podprudnoe lake behind, and buried more tha...

We have investigated the petrologic evolution of Mutnovsky Volcano, located on the Kamchatka island arc, in order to elucidate the causes of the observed compositional diversity of erupted material, the source of partial melting in the mantle, and the relationship between magma production and material transfer from the slab and overlying meta-sedim...

An oil-bearing volcanogenic reservoir exists in West Siberia, hosted in Triassic age rocks (rhyolite tuffs) at a depth between 2.5 and 2.8 km and overlain by low-permeable clay-argillite formations. Reservoir temperatures range from 120 to 130 oC, and pressures from 290 to 310 bars. Integrated analysis of the geological and geophysical data shows c...

A conceptual hydrogeological model has been created and a corresponding 3D numerical, thermal hydrodynamic model developed for the Pauzhetka geothermal field; the model covers an area of 13.6 km2 and includes three layers: a basement with conduits that supply the heat carrier, a hydrothermal reservoir, and an upper aquifer with percolation “windows...

The Geysers Valley hydrothermal system is hosted within a system of radial faults, located above a partially melted magmatic body and recharged by meteoric water along the Uzon-Geyzernaya caldera rim. Fast erosion is stimulating the significant discharge rate, the geyseŕs cycling mode and landslide events. The Giant landslide took place on June, 3,...

The Geysers Valley hydrothermal system is hosted within a system of radial faults, located above a partially melted magmatic body and recharged by meteoric water along the Uzon-Geyzernaya caldera rim. Fast erosion is stimulating the significant discharge rate, the geyser´s cycling mode and landslide events. The Giant landslide took place on June, 3...

What is the relationship between the kinds of volcanoes that ring the Pacific plate and nearby hydrothermal systems? A typical geometry for stratovolcanoes and dome complexes is summit fumaroles and hydrothermal manifestations on and beyond their flanks. Analogous subsurface mineralization is porphyry copper deposits flanked by shallow Cu-As-Au aci...

No abstract available. doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.7.09.2009

We performed iTOUGH2 inverse modeling using a two-dimensional, radial model (cylindrical symmetry around a monitoring well) applied to Jan. 25, 2007 - Feb. 20, 2008 observational data of the water level monitoring well YZ-5 (Kamchatka). Before the inversion, the systematic component related to hydrogeological basin recharge/discharge conditionswere...

The geometric relationship between arc volcanoes and continental hydrothermal systems typically involves a stratovolcano or dome complex with fumaroles at the summit and hydrothermal systems on its flank, and extending outward as much as a few tens of kilometers in some locations. We hypothesize that this association may result from: (1) outward fl...

Analysis of the hydrogeological conditions of the landslide, which took place in the Geysers Valley, Kamchatka on June 3-rd, 2007 shows that possible reason of this was a long term steam upflow occurred along slightly inclined bottom of the Geyzernaya pumice tuffs unit, which finally resulted into deep hydrothermal alteration of the pumice to highl...

Mutnovsky Volcano, located in the frontal zone of the southern part of the island arc volcanic system of Kamchatka, Russia, is a complex stratovolcano that has been active since the late Pleistocene. The volcano consists of four stratocones, Mutnovsky I-IV, with top calderas and small intra caldera cones. The first three cones erupted lavas and tep...

TOUGHREACT modeling was used to reproduce laboratory tests involving sandstone samples collected from a deep radionuclide repository site at Siberia Chemical Plant. Laboratory tests include injection of alkaline fluids into sandstones samples at 70 о С. Some minerals were constrained in the model to precipitate or dissolve according to laboratory t...

A three-dimensional numerical model of the Pauzhetsky geothermal field has been developed based on a conceptual hydrogeological model of the system. It extends over a 13.6-km2 area and includes three layers: (1) a base layer with inflow; (2) a geothermal reservoir; and (3) an upper layer with discharge and recharge/infiltration areas. Using the com...

Thermal-hydrodynamic modeling was used to reproduce laboratory tests involving sandstone samples collected from a deep radionuclide repository site at the Siberia Chemical Plant, Seversk (Russia). Laboratory tests included injection of alkaline fluids into sandstone samples at 70°C. Some minerals were forced in the model to precipitate or dissolve,...

Since 1990 cycling characteristics of five geysers (Maly, Bolshoy, Shel, Velican, Troynoy) were contentiously monitoring using automatic telemetric system (V A Drosnin, http://www.ch0103.emsd.iks.ru/ ). The most powerful geyser Velikan erupted steam clouds at 300 m height. 1:20 UTC June 3-rd, 2007 lower basin of the Geysers Valley was in a few minu...

The forward TOUGH2 modeling study of the Pauzhetsky geothermal field (Kiryukhin and Yampolsky, 2004) was followed by an iTOUGH2 analysis to obtain more reliable reservoir parameter estimations. The model was automatically calibrated against (1) natural state and (2) production data. For the natural state modeling, calibration data include 68 points...

What is the relationship between volcanoes that ring the Pacific plate and hydrothermal systems? A typical geometry consists of a stratovolcano or dome complex with fumaroles at the summit and hydrothermal manifestations on its flank. Analogous subsurface mineralization is porphyry copper deposits flanked by shallow copper-silver-gold acid-sulfate...

The Mutnovsky geothermal field modeling study (TOUGH2) previously made by the author (Kiryukhin, 1992, 1996, 2002) has shown that total steam production of the wells existing in 1991 will yield not less than 44 MWe x 20 years. In October 2002 Mutnovsky 50 MWe PP was put into operation in Dachny site. The problem of steam supply to Mutnovsky 50 MWe...

Gas and chemistry sampling of the exploitation wells of the Dachny site Mutnovsky geothermal field (Kamchatka, Russia) were performed in 1999-2000 (before the 50 MWe power plant was put into operation) and again in 2003 (after exploitation started). Sampling from five principal exploitation wells (016, 26, 029W, 4E and 5E) was performed. Gas and ma...

Exploitation of the Pauzhetsky geothermal field started in 1966 with a 5 MWe power plant. A hydrogeological model of the Pauzhetsky field has been developed based on an integrated analysis of data on lithological units, temperature, pressure, production zones and natural discharge distributions. A one-layer “well by well” model with specified verti...

The Mutnovsky geothermal field modeling study previously performed using TOUGH2 (Kiryukhin, 2004) was verified based on TOUGH2V2.0 with coupled wellbore flow option. Modeling results basically agree with those previously obtained: total steam production of the wells from the central part of Dachny site (E4, 016, 26, 029W, E5) will decline from 63 k...

Integrated conceptual model of the thermal hydrodynamic conditions in Avacha volcano cone reveal large (1500 m depth, 1000m diameter) geothermal reservoir, covered by 1991 lava flow caprock. Hydrothermal eruption potential of the Avacha volcano cone expressed by caprock fracturing associated with new steam jets emplacement on October, 5, 2001. A si...

Data on fluid chemistry and rock mineralogy are evaluated for a number of geothermal fields located in the volcanic arc of Japan and Kamchatka, Russia, Common chemical characteristics are identified and used to define scenarios for detailed numerical modeling of coupled thermal–hydrodynamic–chemical (THC) processes. The following scenarios of paren...

Fault-type geothermal fields are common in recent volcanism areas. The recent model of the Dachny site, Mutnovsky geothermal field (Kamchatka, Russia) represented a single fault production zone with the heat exchange to ambient rocks expressed in terms of "confining beds TOUGH2 option" (Kiryukhin, Stanford Workshop 2004) was improved by add of the...

Available data on secondary mineral distributions, host rock properties and chemical composition of deep geothermal fluids ("parent geothermal fluids") of nine geothermal fields: Mutnovsky, Pauzhetsky (Kamchatka), Sumikawa, Kakkonda, Uenotai, Okuaizu, Hachijo-jima , Ogiri, Fushime (Japan) were used for thermo-hydrodynamic-chemical (THC) models cali...