Aleksej Kalc

Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts | ZRC SAZU · Slovenian Migration Institute

The article addresses the migration processes in the fifteen years after WWII in what is today’s Slovenian coastal region. The main emphasis is on the immigration following the annexation of this area to socialist Yugoslavia in 1954. The replacement of the population, the radical change of the ethnic structure and the geography of the immigration i...

V zadnjih tridesetih letih je v Evropi opaziti vse večje zanimanje za preučevanje migracij. K temu je prispevalo dejstvo, da se je kontinent po drugi svetovni vojni iz izseljenske dežele spremenil v »obljubljeno« deželo, najprej za države južnega Sredozemlja, sčasoma pa za vse širše mednarodno območje. Pojav poziva Evropo na soočenje s prišleki in...

The article deals with migration control in Imperial Austria from the times of Maria Theresa up to the end of WWI. It examines the transition from the absolutistic migration regime to the deregulation and the liberalisation of migration in the second half of the 19th century, the restrictions on freedom of movement and the treatment of enemy aliens...

Prispevek obravnava nadzor nad migracijami in migranti v cesarski Avstriji od terezijanskih časov do konca prve svetovne vojne. Prikazuje prehod od absolutističnega k liberalnemu migracijskemu režimu v drugi polovici 19. stoletja, restrikcije svobode gibanja, odnos do tujcev iz sovražnih držav med prvo svetovno vojno ter povojno institucionalizacij...

The article outlines migration control in Europe from the 18th century to WWI with particular emphasis on its milestones and historical phases. It starts with the control criteria undertaken during the absolutism of the early modern period in order to manage migration movements and consolidate the power of the central state. This is followed by a p...

Control over Migrants and Migration Movements: A Glance at History The article outlines migration control in Europe from the 18th century to WWI with particular emphasis on its milestones and historical phases. It starts with the control criteria undertaken during the absolutism of the early modern period in order to manage migration movements and...

The article deals with migration control in Imperial Austria from the times of Maria Theresa up to the end of WWI. It examines the transition from the absolutistic migration regime to the deregulation and the liberalisation of migration in the second half of the 19th century, the restrictions on freedom of movement and the treatment of enemy aliens...

Letters were not the only means of communication between migrants and their relatives and friends in their homelands. Photographs played an important role in delighting each other as well as sharing more or less relevant events from the lives in emigration and at home. In the late 1950s, when the taperecorders designed for the wider public became p...

The article focuses on the influx of population in cities on the basis of ecclesiastical marriage registers. This historical source can be of help when researching pre-modern migrations, where appropriate population and marriage statistics is missing. It has proven useful especially for the 18th century, sometimes in combination with other sources...

In the first two decades after the Second World War, the towns of Koper, Izola and Piran, on what is now the Slovenian coast, saw the near total replacement of their populations. The change was connected to the border issue between Italy and Yugoslavia, and the incorporation of Istria into the Federal People’s Republic of Yugoslavia. This new borde...

The paper examines the migratory processes through the port of Trieste and the role that it played in international overseas emigration from the 1880s to 1914. The focus is on the failed attempt to establish routes for emigrants via Trieste in 1888/89; the late entrance of the main Austro-Hungarian port into the international maritime migratory bus...

The article examins the attitudes of the Slovenian immigrant communities in the USA towards the trial against the Slovenian and Croatian antifascists from the Italian eastern province Julian March in September 1930. At the trial held under the special court for the state security and known as The first trial of Trieste, four accused were sentenced...

The article presents the police measures taken in Austria in March 1914 in order to prevent illegal emigration of conscripts. The measures consisted of a control system, spread along the state boundaries as well as over the main areas of origin of the emigration flows and along their routes heading abroad. The task of the system was the monitoring...

The article examines female immigration and employment in Trieste on the basis of census statistics. It starts by illustrating the geographic origin of the immigration flows and the factors that influenced their volumes, dynamics and sex ratio. Then the employment of women is presented, which was mainly correlated with young age and single marital...

The following contribution focuses on the stringent police measures implemented in Austria in March 1914 against the illegal emigration of military conscripts. The measures took place in the context of the unsuccessful long-Term efforts to regulate the issue of emigration and its many aspects, of which the military circles were most concerned by th...

At the end of WWI and with the accession of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region to Italy, the issue of the Slovenian and Croatian national minorities appeared in this border area. Their minority status deeply marked the political ideologies, self-image and the identity of Slovenes and Croats living in Italy. It also encouraged the need for being aware...

The article offers an insight into the demographic development in Goriška-Gradiška (It. Gorizia-Gradisca) from the Restoration to WWI. In this period the region witnessed a population growth resulting from a persisting high level of fertility and diminishing mortality. However, the growth was considerably lower because more than half of the natural...

After being granted the status of a free port in 1719, during the eighteenth century Trieste witnessed an expansive economic and population growth. Th is development, fostered by central authorities’ targeted policies, was accompanied by mass immigration from its wider international hinterland. Th e third most important immigration fl ow, aft er th...

At the end of WWI and with the accession of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region to Italy, the issue of the Slovenian and Croatian national minorities appeared in this border area. Their minority status deeply marked the political ideologies, self-image and the identity of Slovenes and Croats living in Italy. It also encouraged the need for being aware...

The paper is a representation of the general features of the development of the population of the town of Koper from the 1790's to the period before the First World War. Unlike previous analyses of Koper demographics of that period, this one is based on the corrected census data and vital statistics from church registers, which excludes prisoners,...

The 18th century was a crucial period in the historical development of modern police, as much from the viewpoint of the composition and organisation of police institutions and means, theoretical and legal bases of police's sphere of activity, as it was from the viewpoint of practices, methods and the role it had as a political body within the frame...

The paper presents the survey of the administrative system, public infrastructure and social and economic conditions in Trieste and its environs commissioned by the French military authorities during the third occupation in 1809. Compiled by the specially appointed statistical commission composed of functionaries of the Austrian administrative auth...

The aim of this article is to provide an insight into the socio-demographic structure of the Trieste Territory, i.e. the rural part of the Trieste municipal area, at the end of the 1770s, when this area was affected by major changes brought about by the rapid development of the Trieste maritime emporium. The presentation is based oil a statistical...

The article refers to the decades immediately after World War II and deals with the mass migration from the Italian city of Trieste on the border with Slovenia (formerly with Yugoslavia) to Australia in the second half of the 1950s. This period and the establishment of Trieste cmmunities in larger Australian cities coincided with some interesting c...

The paper focuses on the 18(th) century population policy in Trieste with special emphasis on the regulation of immigration as the fundamental factor in the exceptional demographic growth and social development of the Trieste free-port emporium. The juridical bases of this policy are comprised in a legal plan of a free-port institution, forming the...

The present contribution continues the historical overview of the elementary school of Cattinara and focuses on the development of the school in the 19th and early 20th centuries (before World War I). Emphasis is laid on three fundamental questions that had been problematic since the establishment of the school but were only satisfactorily solved i...

IZVLEČEK Historična demografija se je začela obsežneje posvečati mestom šele v šestdesetih letih 20. stoletja, kar je, poleg preference, ki je dotlej vladala za ruralne skupnosti, tudi posledica problematičnosti urbane demografije. Ta problematičnost izvira iz obsežnosti prebivalstva, njegove izrazite gibljivosti ter vprašanja razpoložljivosti in u...