Aleksandr Ometov

Tampere University | UTA · Faculty of Information Technology and Communication Studies

Driven by the unprecedented increase of mobile data traffic, device-to-device (D2D) communications technology is rapidly moving into the mainstream of fifth-generation (5G) networking landscape. While D2D connectivity has originally emerged as a technology enabler for public safety services, it is likely to remain in the heart of the 5G ecosystem b...

Technology is continually undergoing a constituent development caused by the appearance of billions new interconnected “things” and their entrenchment in our daily lives. One of the underlying versatile technologies, namely wearables, is able to capture rich contextual information produced by such devices and use it to deliver a legitimately person...

The blockchain technology is currently penetrating different areas of the modern Information and Communications Technology community. Most of the devices involved in blockchain-related processes are specially designed targeting only the mining aspect, i.e., solving the computational puzzle task. At the same time, the use of wearable and mobile devi...

Today, digitalization decisively penetrates all the sides of the modern society. One of the key enablers to maintain this process secure is authentication. It covers many different areas of a hyper-connected world, including online payments, communications, access right management, etc. This work sheds light on the evolution of authentication syste...

The Internet of Things (IoT) employs smart devices as its building blocks for developing a ubiquitous communication framework. It thus supports a wide variety of application domains, including public safety, healthcare, education, and public transportation. While offering a novel communication paradigm, IoT finds its requirements closely connected...

Radio direction finding, traditionally used for localizing radio signal sources, has been adapted for Bluetooth to enable indoor localization of wireless devices. This adaptation is particularly relevant for achieving accurate indoor localization within Internet of Things (IoT) networks, especially in battery-powered and resource-limited embedded s...

Recent advancements in hardware and software systems have been driven by the deployment of emerging smart health and mobility applications. These developments have modernized the traditional approaches by replacing conventional computing systems with cyber–physical and intelligent systems combining the Internet of Things (IoT) with Edge Artificial...

A Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is widely used today for both positioning and timing purposes. Many distinct receiver chips are available as Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC)s off-the-shelf, each tailored to the requirements of various applications. These chips deliver good performance and low energy consumption but offer c...

This research investigates an affordable, energy-efficient Direction-of-Arrival (DOA)-based localization solution for Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT) 2020 New Radio (NR), a new standard lacking a native positioning feature. This standard enables Massive Internet of Things (IoT) networks, a vast 5G network interconnecting an unpa...

Background and Objective Severe courses of COVID-19 disease can lead to long-term complications. The post-acute phase of COVID-19 refers to the persistent or new symptoms. This problem is becoming more relevant with the increasing number of patients who have contracted COVID-19 and the emergence of new virus variants. In this case, preventive treat...

The state-of-the-art Android environment, available on a major market share of smart-phones, provides an open playground for sensor data gathering. Moreover, the rise in new types of devices (e.g., wearables/smartwatches) is further extending the market opportunities with a variety of new sensor types. The existing implementations of biometric/medi...

Many popular applications show resilience to computational errors. Approximate Computing (AxC) exploits this to reduce their execution time and energy consumption by introducing approximations in software and hardware. Using AxC raises new challenges to ensure that hardware designs satisfy their demands before deployment, which hardware designers a...

The requirements introduced in directive 2019/944 of the European Parliament for the smart metering scenarios, which differ from the ones defined in ITU-R M.2410, acceler- ated the integration of cellular technologies for the Internet of Things (IoT). Requiring a permanent connection to the cellular network (radio resource control in a connected st...

Along with analysis and practical implementation, simulations play a key role in wireless networks and computational offloading research for several reasons. First, the simulations provide the ability to easily obtain the data for a complex system’s model evaluation. Secondly, simulated data provides a controlled environment for experimentation, al...

The popularity of the Internet of Things and next-generation wireless networks calls for a greater distribution of small but high-performance and energy-efficient compute devices at the networks’ Edge. These devices must integrate hardware acceleration to meet the latency requirements of relevant use cases. Existing work has highlighted Coarse-Grai...

Modern Edge Computing devices execute applications that must meet strict latency requirements as per traditional standardization activities. Achieving the needed performance implies a need for efficiency in all aspects, thus, flexible solutions are needed. In this Ph.D. project, we address this issue for error-tolerant applications by using Coarse-...

The development of Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) is pushing toward automating decentralized data exchange processes. One of the key components of this evolutionary step is facilitating smart contracts that, in turn, come with several additional vulnerabilities. Despite the existing tools for analyzing smart contracts, keeping these systems ru...

The trailblazing development in mobile and wearable-based gaming dictates both the support of new technology enablers to allow for current demand and the development of modern computational offload-ing strategies to decrease the energy of handheld devices and maintain the energy emissions caused both by computation and transmission of data. Modern...

As modern 5G systems are being deployed, researchers question whether they are sufficient for the oncoming decades of technological evolution. Growing numbers of interconnected intelligent devices put these networks under tremendous pressure, demanding their development. Paving the way for beyond 5G and 6G systems, commonly denoted by B5G herein, t...

Location privacy poses a critical challenge as the use of mobile devices and location-based services becomes more and more widespread. Proximity-detection data can reveal sensitive information about individuals, making it essential to preserve their location data. One way to achieve privacy protection is by adding noise to ground-truth data, which...

With the miniaturization of electronics, Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) receivers are getting more and more embedded into devices with harsh energy constraints. This process has led to new signal processing challenges due to the limited processing power on battery-operated devices and to challenging wireless environments, such as deep u...

This paper addresses the challenge of implementing Direction of Arrival (DOA) methods for indoor localization using Internet of Things (IoT) devices, particularly with the recent direction- finding capability of Bluetooth. DOA methods are complex numerical methods that require significant computational resources and can quickly deplete the batterie...

Direction of Arrival (DOA) methods are found in many applications, and in the case of the Internet of Things (IoT), it is used for indoor localization. However, the implementation of DOA in IoT devices poses a real challenge, since they are computationally expensive complex numerical methods that could easily lead to resource starvation, unacceptab...

The progress in computational offloading is heavily pushing the development of the modern Information and Communications Technology domain. The growth in resource-constrained Internet of Things devices demands the development of new computational offloading strategies to be sustainably integrated in beyond 5G networks. One of the solutions to said...

Nowadays, the flexible localization solution for various devices for work safety is one of the most demanding research questions. Notably, it is expected to provide an acceptable level of precision in different types of environments empowered by wearable technology and the Interent of Things (IoT) devices. Existing leading localization technologies...

With the increasing popularity of the Internet of Things and massive Machine Type Communication technologies, the number of connected devices is rising. However, while enabling valuable effects to our lives, bandwidth and latency constraints challenge Cloud processing of their associated data amounts. A promising solution to these challenges is the...

The development of new processing algorithms has always been at the centre of satellite navigation research, aiming to minimize complexity and maximize the quality of the results. Often, these two objectives cannot be achieved simultaneously; thus, identifying the necessary trade-offs are required. Over the last decade, the development of new GNSS...

This paper evaluates IEEE 802.15.4z standard-compliant NXP SR040 and SR150 chips in Angle of Arrival (AoA) capabilities in Channel 9 (7.737-8.237 GHz) of the Ultra-WideBand (UWB) spectrum. Due to the shorter wavelength, higher frequencies may encounter certain limitations when it comes to harsh environments, as more reflections and multipath propag...

Broad adoption of resource-constrained devices for medical use has additional limitations in terms of execution of delay-sensitive medical applications. As one of the solutions, new ways of computational offloading could be developed and integrated. The recently emerged Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) and Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) paradigms attempt...

Healthcare is of particular importance in everyone's life, and keeping the advancement of it on a good pace is a priority of any country, as it highly influences the overall well-being of its citizens. Each government strives to build a modern, intelligent medical system that provides maximum population coverage with high-quality medical services....

The possibility of utilizing different frequencies for the LoRaWAN is a key component which, together with the other parameters, i.e., (i) bandwidth, (ii) spreading factor, (iii) coding rate, and (iv) transmission power, defines the communication performance. In this paper, we present the substantive im- provements for both the end devices and the...

Angle-of-Arrival (AoA) methods are an Internet of Things (IoT) application, which could be used, for example, in indoor localization. Anchor nodes have an array of antennas and could send the data via Ethernet cable to the cloud that calculates AoA. However, having cable connections means high installation costs, and constantly transferring big chu...

Modern outdoor localization is commonly dependent on various Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs). On the other hand, they are known to be power-hungry and not suitable for resource-constrained devices currently flooding the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). Nonetheless, some of those devices may be equipped with Low-Power Wide-Area Netw...

The evolution of modern cyber-physical systems and the tremendous growth in the number of interconnected Internet of Things (IoT) devices are already paving new ways for the development of improved data collection and processing methods [...]

Despite the recent advances in semiconductor technology and energy-aware system design, the overall energy consumption of computing and communication systems is rapidly growing. On the one hand, the pervasiveness of these technologies everywhere in the form of mobile devices, cyber-physical embedded systems, sensor networks, wearables, social media...

As an inevitable process, the number of older adults is increasing in many countries worldwide. Two of the main problems that society is being confronted with more and more, in this respect, are the inter-related aspects of feelings of loneliness and social isolation among older adults. In particular, the ongoing COVID-19 crisis and its associated...

The field of information security and privacy is currently attracting a lot of research interest. Simultaneously, different computing paradigms from Cloud computing to Edge computing are already forming a unique ecosystem with different architectures, storage, and processing capabilities. The heterogeneity of this ecosystem comes with certain limit...

Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) is making the first steps toward becoming a solution for the growing number of various decentralized systems worldwide. Unlike pure Blockchain, DLT finds many uses across different industries, including eHealth, finance, supply chain monitoring, and the Internet of Things (IoT). One of the vital DLT features is t...

Today, the traffic amount is growing inexorably due to the increase in the number of devices on the network. Researchers analyze traffic by identifying sophisticated dependencies, anomalies, and novel traffic patterns to improve the system performance. One of the fast development niches in this domain is related to Classic and Deep Machine Learning...

Today, the evolution of electrical grid systems is pacing towards interconnected Smart Grids mainly driven by governmental activities worldwide. This step brings additional challenges from the data storage perspective since conventional centralized systems may not handle the growing data volumes arriving from various sources. Thus, new distributed...

The development generally drives the evolution of modern systems towards distributed ones, generally, in blockchain and Distributed Ledger Technology domains. Ensuring the reliable digital signature of messages and the data security of messages signed with a digital signature from unauthorized interference is an essential part of enabling the opera...

The development of small form-factor handheld electronics is pacing the personal devices market, followed by the increasing number of various applications. Some of those applications also cover computation-hungry use-cases, such as image or video processing and compression, among others. Historically, wearable and handheld devices were not designed...

One of the most promising enablers for the secure distributed operation of the Internet of Things (IoT) systems could be based on a mathematical construct widely known as blockchain that aims to neglect the system’s centralization and scalability properties. This paper aims to map the requirements and features of both systems, highlight the main in...

The demand in providing a reliable operation of modern Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) is growing tremendously. One of the enablers for improving efficiency is applying Machine Learning (ML) techniques to predict network characteristics. This work proposes methods to solve the Regression and Classification tasks for the real-life...

This work is a data descriptor paper for measurements related to various operational aspects of LoRaWAN communication technology collected in Brno, Czech Republic. This paper also provides data characterizing the long-term behavior of the LoRaWAN channel collected during the two-month measurement campaign. It covers two measurement locations, one a...

Today, ensuring work safety is considered to be one of the top priorities for various industries. Workplace injuries, illnesses, and deaths often entail substantial production and financial losses, governmental checks, series of dismissals, and loss of reputation. Wearable devices are one of the technologies that flourished with the fourth industri...

Rapid technology advancement, economic growth, and industrialization have paved the way for developing a new niche of small body-worn personal devices, gathered together under a wearable-technology title. The triggers stimulated by end-users interest have introduced the first generation of mass-consumer wearables in just the past decade. Evidently,...

Wearables are wireless devices that we "wear" on our bodies. The proliferation of devices embedded in clothes, medical smart wear, skin patches, smartwatches, and bracelets together with conventional smartphones has broadened the collection of data from various sources for multi-disciplinary research. Nowadays, new datasets are needed for high-dime...

With technology evolving rapidly and proliferating, it is imperative to pay attention to mobile devices’ security being currently responsible for various sensitive data processing. This phase is essential as an intermediate before the cloud or distributed ledger storage delivery and should be considered additional care due to its inevitability. Thi...

The positioning systems’ high accuracy and reliability are crucial enablers for various future applications, including autonomous shipping worldwide. It is especially challenging for the Arctic region due to the lower number of visible satellites, severe ionospheric disturbances, scintillation effects, and higher delays than in the non-Arctic and n...

Since the beginning of the coronavirus (COVID-19) global pandemic, digital contact-tracing applications have been at the centre of attention as a digital tool enabling citizens to keep their social distancing, which appears to be one of the leading practices for mitigating the spread of airborne infectious diseases. Many countries have been working...

Security and access control aspects are becoming more and more essential to consider during the design of various systems and the tremendous growth of digitization. One of the related key building blocks in this regard is, essentially, the authentication process. Conventional schemes based on one or two authenticating factors can no longer provide...

Today, a significant share of smartphone applications use Artificial Intelligence (AI) elements that, in turn, are based on Machine Learning (ML) principles. Particularly, ML is also applied to the Edge paradigm aiming to predict and optimize the network load conventionally caused by human-based traffic, which is growing each year rapidly. The appl...

The wearables' market is rapidly evolving, with applications ranging from healthcare and activity monitoring to emerging domains such as drones and haptic helmets. Wearable-based contact tracing is gaining increased attention in the COVID-19 era for more efficient disease prevention. Therefore, it is of timely relevance to identify the leading exis...

The unique opportunities introduced by the emerging Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications have accelerated the momentum of the massive Machine-Type Communications (mMTC) worldwide. As the number of already deployed Low-Power Wide-Area (LPWA) applications growth exponentially over the last decade, new open challenges started to be discus...

Personal mobile devices such as smartwatches, smart jewelry, and smart clothes have launched a new trend in the Internet of Things (IoT) era, namely the Internet of Wearable Things (IoWT). These wearables are small IoT devices capable of sensing, storing, processing, and exchanging data to assist users by improving their everyday life tasks through...

Today, the number of interconnected devices and the amount of personal information gathered by them increases tremendously resulting in the need for development tools to harness its potential. New devices are continually being introduced in the daily life of people, and they are already producing an unprecedented amount of data related to people's...

This is a data descriptor paper for a set of the battery output data measurements during the turned on display discharge process caused by the execution of modern mobile blockchain projects on Android devices. The measurements were executed for Proof-of-Work (PoW) and Proof-of-Activity (PoA) consensus algorithms. In this descriptor, we give example...

Dynamic blockage of radio propagation paths between the user equipment (UE) and the 5G New Radio (NR) Base Station (BS) induces abrupt rate fluctuations that may lead to sub-optimal performance of the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) protocol. In this work, we characterize the effects of dynamic human blockage on TCP throughput at the 5G NR air...

Interest in applications based on distributed ledger technology (DLT) is on the rise, with corporations worldwide shifting from simply exploring DLT's potential to creating productive business cases. However, despite the existence of numerous DLT applications, developers are still lacking proper tools and instruments for evaluating system behavior...

Accuracy and reliability of major positioning systems is a crucial enabler for autonomous shipping worldwide and, in particular, in the Arctic region. Satellite positioning can be used in conjunction with other situational awareness systems that provide relative positioning information for decision-making. This work describes high-level requirement...