Alejandro Lujan-Feliu-Pascual

Far-lateral intervertebral disk extrusions (IVDEs) have been reported infrequently in dogs in veterinary literature, mostly affecting the caudal lumbar intervertebral disks. We describe the clinical findings, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, treatment, and outcome in 10 dogs with cervical far-lateral IVDEs. Pa...

Compressive hydrated nucleus pulposus extrusion (HNPE) is a sudden extrusion of hydrated, nondegenerated nucleus pulposus material with well‐known characteristic MRI findings. The appearance of compressive HNPE during contrast‐enhanced CT has already been described, but never its myelo‐CT characteristics. The aim of this retrospective multicenter c...

Ependymal cysts represent congenital brain malformations rarely described in human medicine, where surgical resection is the treatment of choice. In veterinary medicine, only three cases have been previously reported, with one partially resected with surgery.A 6 yr old entire male American Staffordshire terrier was referred with a 4 mo history of i...

Ependymal cysts represent congenital brain malformations rarely described in human medicine, where surgical resection is the treatment of choice. In veterinary medicine, only three cases have been previously reported, with one partially resected with surgery. A 6 yr old entire male American Staffordshire terrier was referred with a 4 mo history of...

Diffuse neurofibroma affects skin and subcutaneous tissues of the head and neck of children and young adults. Fourteen cases have been described in dogs, but none infiltrating a puppy's cranial cavity. A 4-month-old, female entire Pitbull was referred with a 2-month history of left facial nerve paralysis, difficulty swallowing and left head tilt su...

We describe the clinical and pathological features of a brain collision tumour consisting of a fibrous meningioma and an anaplastic oligoastrocytoma in a 14-year-old male neutered French Bulldog. Computed tomography of the brain revealed a poorly defined, intra-axial lesion affecting the left frontal lobe. Following euthanasia, histological examina...

Simple Summary Infiltrative brain tumours are common in dogs. Although different treatments have been used, such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or combinations, guidelines for the most effective management are lacking. In this study, we report the effect of combining surgery and chemotherapy on the survival of 14 dogs with infiltrative gli...

Case summary A 6-week-old entire female domestic shorthair cat was presented for evaluation of a soft bulge and a palpable skull defect on the forehead, present since adoption a few days earlier. The neurological examination revealed an absent menace response bilaterally and apparent blindness, localising the lesion to the occipital cortex. The mai...

Objective The aim of this study was to describe the surgical technique and outcomes of dogs with congenital thoracic vertebral body malformations (CTVBM) treated with unilateral vertebral distraction and stabilization with monocortical screws and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). Study Design Medical records of 10 client-owned dogs with CTVBM were ret...

Sporadic occurrence of juvenile-onset necrotizing encephalopathy (SNE) has been previously reported in Yorkshire terriers. However, so far, no causative genetic variant has been found for this breed-specific form of suspected mitochondrial encephalomyopathy. Affected dogs showed gait abnormalities, central visual defects, and/or seizures. Histopath...

Background A demyelinating polyneuropathy with focally folded myelin sheaths was reported in 3 Miniature Schnauzers in France in 2008 and was predicted to represent a naturally occurring canine homologue of Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth (CMT) disease. A genetic variant of MTRM13/SBF2 has been identified as causative in affected Miniature Schnauzers with this...

A 13-year-old, 6.25-kg (13.8-lb) female mongrel was referred to the authors’ hospital with an acute-onset left pleurothotonus and intermittent opisthotonus. Neurological examination showed clinical signs consistent with a multifocal brain lesion, and neoplastic, vascular, inflammatory and infectious conditions were considered. Precontrast and postc...

Background Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is the most common neuromuscular disorder in humans affecting 40 out of 100,000 individuals. In 2008, we described the clinical, electrophysiological and pathological findings of a demyelinating motor and sensory neuropathy in Miniature Schnauzer dogs, with a suspected autosomal recessive mode of inherit...

Background: Discospondylitis is an infection of the intervertebral disc and adjacent vertebral endplates. The infectious agent is most commonly a bacterial organism and fungal causes are uncommon. Case Description: A 1,5-year-old female entire pug was referred with a 6-week history of right head tilt and progressive non-ambulatory paraparesis. On...

Vertebral fractures and luxations are common causes of neurological emergencies in small-animal patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of three-dimensional printing (3Dp) models on how veterinary students understand and learn to identify canine spinal fractures and to compare 3Dp models to computed tomography (CT) images a...

Glioma includes several types of primary nervous system tumours further categorized by grade on the basis of histologic assessment and biological characteristics. Treatment options for confirmed gliomas include radiotherapy, surgery, chemotherapy or combinations with the former providing longer survival time (255 days) compared to surgery alone (66...

Intracranial neoplasia is frequently encountered in dogs. After a presumptive diagnosis of intracranial neoplasia is established based on history, clinical signs and advanced imaging characteristics, the decision to treat and which treatment to choose must be considered. The objective of this study is to report survival times (ST) for dogs with int...

Tumores cerebrales en perros y gatos La edad media de presentación de las neoplasias cerebrales es 9 años en perros y 10 en gatos. Las razas caninas dolicocéfalicas y los gatos de pelo corto parecen predispuestos a desarrollar meningiomas, así como las braquicefálicas a desarrollar gliomas. Generalidades Las neoplasias del sistema nervioso central...

A 13-year-old female spayed mongrel was referred to our hospital with an acute onset of recurrent opisthotonus. Physical examination showed bradycardia (76 bpm) and systemic hypertension (190 mmHg). The dog showed obtundation with non-ambulatory tetraparesis and left pleurothotonus. Postural reactions were delayed in all four limbs particularly on...

En esta revisión intentaremos aclarar las distintas controversias sobre el manejo de pacientes con trauma medular.

Las cavitaciones leptomeníngeas o divertículos aracnoideos, se de nen como acúmulos de líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR) en el espacio subaracnoideo debido a adherencias de la aracnoides a la piamadre, produciendo compresión medular y signos neurológicos. En este estudio se recopilan 14 perros con dicha patología, diagnosticados por mielografía seguido...

intracelulares destruyendo las membranas neuronales en áreas más sensibles del cere-bro como el hipocampo [2]. A largo plazo puede llevar a la formación de conexiones aberrantes en las neuronas supervivientes que perpetúan las crisis convulsivas. A nivel de las membranas neuronales, y como consecuencia de la excitación durante un estado epiléptico,...

Specialization in veterinary medicine in Europe is organized through the Colleges of the European Board of Veterinary Specialization. To inform updating of the curriculum for residents of the European College of Veterinary Neurology (ECVN) job analysis was used. Defining job competencies of diploma holders in veterinary neurology can be used as ref...

A case of protothecosis causing non-ambulatory paraparesis in a dog without clinical evidence of disseminated infection is described. A five-year-old female Labrador retriever was referred with a 10-day history of progressive non-ambulatory paraparesis and lumbar pain as the only physical and neurological abnormalities. Lumbar myelography revealed...

Objective: To describe a novel dorsal technique for stabilization of atlantoaxial subluxation in toy breed dogs using 3-metric nylon suture. Study: Retrospective study. Animals: Fifteen toy breed dogs with a body weight of 2 kg or less with atlantoaxial subluxation. Materials and methods: The atlantoaxial joint of each dog was surgically sta...

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are proteolytic enzymes involved with extracellular matrix degradation. They have been considered to be important for tumor growth and development of peritumoral edema. This retrospective study investigated the expression of MMP subtypes 9 and 2 in canine intracranial meningiomas and their association with peritumor...

Intervertebral disc disease is a common pathological condition in dogs and less common in cats. The clinical presentation may vary from mild spinal discomfort to severe motor dysfunction and urinary retention. The prevalence of intervertebral disc disease in dogs has been reported as 2% whereas in cats, the overall prevalence represents 0.12%. Duri...

Leptomeningeal cavitations are focal accumulations of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within a diverticulum of the arachnoid matter that cause a painless compressive myelopathy. The surgical treatment and outcome of three dogs with this pathology in the thoracolumbar spine are described. Surgical decompression resulted in long-term improvement in two dog...

Two female Yorkshire terrier puppies were presented with generalized tonic-clonic seizures and ataxia. MRI revealed bilaterally symmetrical, diffuse regions of gray matter hyperintensity on T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequences. Urinary organic acids were quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy and were consistent...

Objective: To report frequency and type of complications, and outcome in dogs with severe neurologic signs secondary to internal, suspected obstructive hydrocephalus treated by ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunting. Study Design: Case series. Animals: Dogs (n=14). Methods: Medical records (2001–2006) was reviewed for dogs that had VP shunting. Inclusi...

Neuropathies in cats are mostly acquired. In comparison to the dog, only very few inherited forms have been described. This case report describes the clinical and diagnostic findings of a suspected inherited feline axonal neuropathy with a very unique clinical course. Two young related male Snowshoe cats were presented with an initially progressive...

Cerebrospinal fluid collection is fundamental to the investigation of central nervous system disorders although it carries potential risks. Herein we report the clinical signs and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings associated with needle injury to the brainstem during cerebellomedullary cistern puncture in four dogs. Three dogs were nonambula...

Twenty-two dogs with idiopathic epilepsy which were pharmacoresistant to phenobarbitone and bromide were treated with levetiracetam as an add-on medication. Records of eight dogs were used retrospectively to determine a safe, efficient levetiracetam dosage. Fourteen dogs were entered into a prospective, open label, non-comparative study. After 2 mo...

A hereditary, non-inflammatory myopathy occurring in young great Danes with distinctive histological features in muscle biopsy specimens is reviewed. Onset of clinical signs is usually before one year of age and both sexes are affected. Clinical signs are characterised by exercise intolerance, muscle wasting, and an exercise-induced tremor. Althoug...