Akondi Butchi Raju

Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies · Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Revascularization therapy is the mainstay of treatment in the management of myocardial infarction in normal and diabetic patients. We attempted to evaluate the cardioprotective actions of quercetin and rutin in ischaemia-reperfusion-induced myocardial infarction in both normal and diabetic rats. Myocardial infarct size was measured using the staini...

The aim of this study was to describe population pharmacokinetics of amikacin in Indian pediatric population. Dosage adjustment based on individual pharmacokinetic parameters is of considerable importance for effective and safe use of drugs. Extensive work on amikacin and other aminoglycosides was carried out in different pediatric patient populati...

We evaluated the Antiamnesic effects of methanolic extract of Syzygium cumini (MESC) on spatial memory impairments induced by scopolamine (1mg/kg, i.p.), a muscarinic antagonist, using the Radial arm maze, Morris water maze, learned helpless ness tests. Effect of MESC was evaluated and compared to standard drug, piracetam (200mg/kg, i.p.). The MESC...

To evaluate the effect of leucine and genistein on the dopaminergic system in a rat model of schizophrenia. Behavioral effects of leucine and genistein on apomorphine induced stereotyped behavior, haloperidol induced catalepsy, foot shock induced aggression, and apomorphine induced locomotor activity were conducted. In each of these tests, the leuc...

A BSTRACT A successful approach for periodontitis treatment is in situ gel administration, which delivers medication to the site of infection in a controlled and continuous manner. Researchers used components such as zein, borneol, piperine, and curcumin to create a formulation. The formulations demonstrated antimicrobial effects and were designed...

Magnetic Nanoparticles (MNPs) are now being utilized more frequently in experimental research on cancer treatments, which has become one of the most difficult problems in medical science. The fundamental objective of this research is to use nanotechnology to effectively treat and eradicate advanced or metastatic cancer with the fewest possible nega...

Atrial fibrillation, an irregular heartbeat, is a risk factor for various heart-related complications. Its prevalence increases with age and is expected to rise dramatically by 2030. Warfarin is traditionally prescribed to prevent strokes in atrial fibrillation patients, although it has its limits. Apixaban, a newer oral antithrombotic therapy, is...

A BSTRACT The pharmaceutical sector is experiencing rapid advancements in drug discovery, strict regulations, and a commitment to patient safety. This has led to an increased demand for skilled pharmacovigilance experts who can ensure the safety and effectiveness of medicinal products. Several factors contribute to this demand. The expanding pharma...

Recent strides in drug development showcase the influential role of plant-derived compounds. Taxol, extracted from the Taxus brevifolia, stands out for its potent antitumor properties, illustrating the clinical impact of harnessing plant-based compounds for complex diseases.[1] Artemisinin, from the Artemisia annua, has revolutionized malaria treat...

Background. Abnormal uterine bleeding is a broad term involving various irregularities of the menstrual cycle. Previously various terms were used to define abnormalities in menstrual bleeding. To create a universally accepted system of nomenclature, the Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology proposed the new terminology PALM-COIEN. The current stu...

Background: Chronic kidney disease is characterized by kidney impairment and a glomerular filtration rate lower than sixty milliliters per minute for more than three months. Furthermore, hemodialysis patients are at significant risk for a range of problems, which might result from kidney disorders or the hemodialysis operations themselves. The purp...

The substantive acquired experience from the research studies conducted by the WHO for reaching international control over OPVs helps to combat the existing threat of MPXV and future emerging diseases. All countries worldwide[9,10] have issued separate guidelines based on the standard operating procedures opined by the WHO and are striving fo...

Background The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created immense panic globally with its advent in December 2019 and now showing readvent with its camouflage of different dangerous mutant strains. Its psychological repercussions on the community are very disastrous and immeasurable. At this juncture, the most vulnerable group a...

The devastating COVID-19 pandemic has completely changed the scenario of health care at a rapid pace with upcoming challenges18. In order to serve the needs of the community in regards to their psychological manifestations during the pandemic, the field of psychiatry should raise to the level of advanced technology as video�conferencing and te...

In India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW) laid its clear TMHCD guidelines in March 2020 in which the standard operating procedures for TMHCD for its effective implementation in the management of the crisis situation aroused during this pandemic3 . The medical professionals stretched themselves to the fullest extent delivering he...

Hypertriglyceridemia is an independent risk factor of coronary heart disease (as established through various previously conducted studies) and it's rising incidence is creating a need for the immediate attention of it's management. Instead of focusing on the controversies involving the toxicity caused due to the long-term use of statin therapy in c...

The vision of India emerging as a global leader in digital health was planned through NITI AAYOG during 2018-19 and has been launched by Shri Narendra Modi, prime minister of India on 15th August 2020 in the form of National Digital Health Mission (NDHM) to further revolutionize the health sector of India in the field of advanced technology8. In th...

The various reasons for PTSD during COVID-19 times can be summarized as below: 1. Shock due to quarantine/isolation. 2. Mental trauma due to severe illness and hospitalization. 3. Morbid fear of contracting infection and new strains. 4. Visualizing the death of near and dear. 5. Financial burden due to loss of job/income. 6. Stress and shock due t...

Introduction Prodigious restrictions and safety measures have been adopted by the government to control the spread of wildfire coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in India. However, the effective implementation of these measures depends upon the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of the people. In this context, a cross-sectional onl...

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2) has created a significant threat to global health. It originated in Wuhan, China and causeda total of 83,483 confirmed cases and 4634 deaths until June 2020. This novel virus spread primarilythrough respiratory droplets and close contact. The p...

Background: Excessive stress can affect students' learning performance and well-being. An optimal level of stress could enhance learning and achievement, whereas excessive stress may affect academic achievement and result in mental and physical health problems. This research aims to assess the prevalence of Beta-Blockers misuse especially propranol...

“I envisage that the best viable solution in the current COVID-19 would be to adopt lifestyle modifications, using these age-old AYUSH medicines and make them a part of our daily life-enhancing our internal immune powers to fight the disease effectively.

The combination of proclined upper anteriors with high gingival exposure is challenging for the orthodontist. Correction of proclined upper anteriors sometimes leads to deepening of the bite and loss of posterior anchorage resulting in worsening of gingival exposure. Routinely correction of high gingival exposure was done prior to space closure res...

Background and Aim: The drug Fucus vesiculosus is used in alternative system of medicine and homoeopathy, for the treatment of obesity. But in homoeopathic literature survey, we found no substantial pharmacological evidence to prove its safety and efficacy. So, the study was taken up on this drug and evaluated it on different animal models (diet-in...

More reliable and validated method of assessment is the need of the hour for better summative evaluation of the students of pharmaceutical sciences. Competency or outcome based education models rely heavily on assessment methods. The objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) fits in to the gap and fulfills the requirement of testing the clin...

Gossypium herbaceum commonly known as cotton plant cultivated world over and the main produce is used by the textile industries. Other parts of this plant including leaves can also be explored for their best utilization, hence in this direction we have evaluated efficacy of cotton plant leaf extract against an inflammatory condition i.e rheumatoid...

Infertility is a major problem of the day amongst men and women and marked by no pregnancy even after one year of unprotected intercourse. Almost 30% of infertility has been related with male factors-low sperm concentration, motility, viability and morphology. Factors like pollution, drugs, stress, life style changes, toxicants and insufficient nut...

Background: Glutamate mediated excitotoxicity is proved to be involved in neurodegenerative diseases like ischemia, trauma, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, seizures. Development of specific glutamate antagonists favors a better treatment opportunity of these neurodegenerative diseases. Hesperidin, a proven antioxidant and memantine a known NMDA ant...

Ventilago calyculata was traditionally used to treat sprains and pain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic extract of bark of Ventilago calyculata (MVC). For evaluating analgesic activity, Hot plate method, Tail-flick method, Formalin test and Writhing methods were used. For evaluatin...

Vascular dementia is a common problem caused by falling of blood supply to cortex of brain due to hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. Melatonin, a pineal hormone was proved to be effective as antidementia and antihyperlipidemic agent previously. In the present study we evaluated the effect of melatonin (5mg/kg, 10mg/kg, p.o) on hyperlipidemia induc...

Nyctanthes arbor tristis (NATE) ethanol extract (150 mg/kg, orally) was evaluated for its protective effect against scopolamine-induced (1 mg/kg i.p.) cognitive impairments in rats using behavioral models like radial arm maze test, Morris water maze test and active avoidance test. NATE effect was evaluated and compared with the standard piracetam (...

Extract of berries from Phytolacca americana L. plant (Phytolacca berry) is widely used in alternative systems of medicine i.e. in homeopathy for the treatment of obesity. A study was made to evaluate its anti-obesity effect in the rat model. The experiement was conducted in rats using the diet-induced obesity model in which cafeteria and atherogen...

Prevalence and pattern of substance abuse among street children and adolescents in Andhra Pradesh, India was observed using a prospective study, carried for six months in a total of 603 street children and adolescents. More prevalence observed among the age group 11 to 14 and dropped out of school. Smoking tobacco and Inhalational abuse are more...

Herbal products from Ayurveda were always in the forefront in providing leads to new drug discovery. Triphala, an ancient Ayurvedic herbal formulation comprises of equal portions of Amalaki, Bibhitaki and Haritaki and is used extensively for constipation, as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-arthritic, hypoglycemic and an anti-aging agent. To e...

The current study aimed to provide incite in to the prescriptive patterns of antihypertensive drugs in a south Indian super-specialty hospital.This prospective study was conducted in multi specialty hospital in southern Indian state of Andhra Pradesh from June 2012 to September 2012. Data was obtained from a prospective series of 205 patients of ei...

Solanum melongena L. (egg plant) is proved to contain antioxidant and neuroprotective agents. So we evaluated the antiamnesic activity of the present extract. Antiamnesic activity was evaluated using scopolamine, an inducing agent and memory disruptor and employed various behavioral and biochemical parameters like radial arm maze test, active avoid...

Background and Aim: The drug Fucus vesiculosus is used in alternative system of medicine and homoeopathy, for the treatment of obesity. But in homoeopathic literature survey, we found no substantial pharmacological evidence to prove its safety and efficacy. So, the study was taken up on this drug and evaluated it on different animal models (diet‑in...

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of rutin and telmisartan on parameters related with insulin sensitivity, glucose and fat metabolism in the high fructose consumed animal model of the ovariectomized female Sprague dawley rats. Female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats of 180-230 g body weight were grouped and fed with either st...

Purpose: To evaluate the antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of Buchanania lanzan. Methods: Wistar rats were divided into nine groups of six animals each, and 40 mg/kg of streptozotocin or streptozotocin + nicotinamide was administered intraperitonially to induce types I and II diabetes. Those with blood glucose levels > 190...

Background The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the fixed dose combination of Simvastatin, Aspirin, Hydrochlorothiazide and Lisinopril results in lowering blood pressure and cholesterol levels and improved adherence in patients with at least one cardiovascular risk factor such as Hypertension and Dyslipidemia or Coronary Artery Disease.Meth...

A new experimental model using isolated frog rectus abdominus muscle preparation, acetyl choline and brain homogenate was used to screen acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. When brain homogenate was given along with sub maximal dose of acetylcholine, the response of acetyl choline was found to be reduced and this can be attributed to the presence of a...

The objective of this study was to examine the neuroprotective effect of resveratrol on cognitive impairment induced by scopolamine, a muscarinic antagonist, in rats. Memory impairment was induced by administration of sco-polamine (1 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Cognitive functions were assessed using radial arm maze, an active avoidance paradigm. Oxi...

The objective of this study was to examine the neuroprotective effect of resveratrol on cognitive impairment induced by scopolamine, a muscarinic antagonist, in rats. Memory impairment was induced by administration of scopolamine (1 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Cognitive functions were assessed using radial arm maze, an active avoidance paradigm. Oxid...

Despite the numerous advances in medicine, the prevalence of infectious diseases continues to rise due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, which is attributed to the widespread use of antibiotics. Antioxidants help to deal with oxidative stress, which is caused by free radical damage. Thus, the search for new antibacterial and antio...

In the present investigation, the methanolic extract of leaves of Dodonaea viscosa (D.viscosa) and pods of Wrightia tinctoria (W. tinctoria) were evaluated for antidiabetic activity. The antidiabetic activity was studied using the Glucose uptake by isolated rat hemi-diaphragm in vitro model. The value of glucose uptake by rat hemi-diaphragm for D....

Despite the numerous advances in medicine, the prevalence of infectious diseases continues to rise due to emergence of antibiotic resistant pathogens, which are attributed to the widespread use of antibiotics. Antioxidants help to deal with oxidative stress which is caused by free radical damage. So search for new antimicrobial and antioxidant agen...

Scope and target readership: Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Science and Biotechnology will provide a complete analysis and understanding of all aspects of medicinal and aromatic plant science and biotechnology. Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Science and Biotechnology primarily wishes to examine: 1) Cultural practices (greenhouse growth, hydroponics, ae...

Alangium salvifolium (Alangiaceae) was used as folk medicine like anthelmintic, purgative, emetic, febrifuge, and for the treatment of leprosy and other skin diseases. The plant was selected for this investigation based on ethnopharmalogical relevance. Anti tumor activity was tested against Dalton's ascitic lymphoma murine cell lines. Antitumor act...

Zingiber officinale (rhizome), Boswellia serrata (resin) and Alpinia galanga (rhizome) used in traditional medicine as “Yogaraja guggilam” for the treatment of musculo-skeletal pain and reduction of cholesterol. Scientific studies validating the therapeutic properties for this indigenous medicine are lacking. This study focused on determining antim...

Testicular torsion and detorsion causes reperfusion injury which damages the testicular tissue and affects the quality of sperm. Deterioration in the quality of sperm worldwide is the recent scenario and one of its reasons is testicular ischemic/ reperfusion (IR) injury. Therefore the present study aims at producing new drugs for the treatment of t...

The methanol extract of Diospyros peregrina (Ebenaceae) bark (MEDP) were evaluated for antitumor activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC)-bearing swiss albino mice. The extract was administered at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight per day for 14 days after 24 h of tumor inoculation. After the last dose and 18 h fasting, the mice we...

Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the oxidant and antioxidant balance in experimentally induced testicular injury by ischemia re-perfusion in rats with different time intervals of torsion/detorsion of the spermatic cord. Method: Male rats were divided into thirteen groups and each group containing six rats. All rats were subjected to right s...

Curcuma longa Linn. (Turmeric) is used extensively in Indian cuisine and now proved to be useful in treating various types of cancers, diabetic wounds, biliary disorders etc. So the anticancer activity of turmeric was evaluated prophylactically and therapeutically (as pre-induction treatment and post-induction treatment) against the MNU induced mam...

Curcuma longa Linn. (Turmeric) is used extensively in Indian cuisine and now proved to be useful in treating various types of cancers, diabetic wounds, biliary disorders etc. So the anticanceractivity of turmeric was evaluated prophylactically and therapeutically (as pre-induction treatment and post-induction treatment) against the MNU induced mamm...

Curcuma longa Linn. (Turmeric) is used extensively in Indian cuisine and now proved to be useful in treating various types of cancers, diabetic wounds, biliary disorders etc. So the anticancer activity of turmeric was evaluated prophylactically and therapeutically (as pre-induction treatment and post-induction treatment) against the MNU induced mam...

Curcuma longa Linn. (Turmeric) is used extensively in Indian cuisine and now proved to be useful in treating various types of cancers, diabetic wounds, biliary disorders etc. So the anticancer activity of turmeric was evaluated prophylactically and therapeutically (as pre-induction treatment and post-induction treatment) against the MNU induced mam...

Oxidative stress is one of the important causes of the type 1 diabetes induced changes in the sperm quality. Bioflavonoids, Rutin 10 mg/Kg and Naringin 10 mg/Kg were evaluated for their protective effects on sperm parameters, oxidative stress, and histopathology of type 1 diabetic rats. Results demonstrated the reduction in sperm count, sperm motil...

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of bioflavonoid compounds i.e. rutin and naringin on gentamycin induced testicular oxidative stress in rats. Method: A total of 42 male wistar albino rats were divided in to 7 groups, each contains 6 rats. Gentamycin, 5 mg/kg, I.P was administered to the rats from day 1 to day 10....

Hyperglycemia is the hallmark of diabetes, and in those with type 2 diabetes the degree of hyperglycemia predicts coronary heart disease events. Hence, the first priority in the treatment of diabetes is glycemic control. The present study is to find relationship between duration of diabetic state and the recovery of diabetic heart and the effect of...

Rapidly growing importance of revascularization procedures in the management of myocardial infarction in normal as well as diabetic patients has thrown the ischemia-reperfusion injury into the limelight. Myocardial infarction was produced by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 min followed by 4 h of reperfusion. Myelope...

Bioflavonoids quercetin and rutin were evaluated for their cerebroprotective role in experimental ischemia reperfusion induced cerebral infarction in rats. Percentage cerebral infarction, lipid peroxidation levels in brain tissue, superoxide dismutase, and catalase levels in brain tissue were estimated. Pretreatment with Quercetin and Rutin found t...

Infertility is a growing problem all over the world. About 13–18% of couple suffers from it and approximately in 39% cases, semen analyzed as abnormal. There are several causes of male infertility i.e. Hypogonadism, Drugs, alcohol, smoking, Bad semen quality, Teratospermia, Oligospermia, Azoospermia, genetic factors, Vas deference obstructions, Tes...

Aims and Objective: To evaluate the effects of phytoestrogen diet alone and high phytoestrogen diet with rutin and naringin on male reproductive system.Experimental Protocol: A total of 48 adult male wistar albino rats were divided in to 8 groups, each contains 6 rats. Low phytoestrogen diet (LPD) and high phytoestrogen diet (HPD) were administered...

The aim of this study was to describe population pharmacokinetics of amikacin in Indian pediatric population. Dosage adjustment based on individual pharmacokinetic parameters is of considerable importance for effective and safe use of drugs. Extensive work on amikacin and other aminoglycosides was carried out in different pediatric patient populati...