Akhtar Ali

Ziauddin University · Department of Pharmacology

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer related morbidity worldwide. The socioeconomic status and clinicopathological parameters have predictive importance specifically for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Literature has reported various studies on CLEC3B, and its correlation with OSCC has yet to be exp...

Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) attributes 26% of the mortality rate in hospitalized patients, and the percentage can rise to 46 in patients admitted to ICU as it is a major cause of ventilator-associated pneumonia. It has been nominated as the critical priority organism by WHO for which new therapeutic drugs are urgently required. To unders...

Objective: To evaluate the combined effects of cinnamon and metformin on anthropometric and glycemic indices of type II diabetic patients. Study Design: randomized control clinical trial study Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Diabetes clinic at Lyari General Hospital, in Karachi, Pakistan from December 2021 to May 2022 M...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate antiarthritic and anti-inflammatory activity of Solanum nigrum leaves extract on CFA-induced arthritic rat model. METHODOLOGY: It was a 4-week pre-clinical experimental study, including 30 male Wistar albino rats divided in 5 groups as; Group-I Negative control, Group-II Positive control; Group-III Methotrexate (MTX); Group-I...

Background: Nausea and vomiting are frequently witnessed for pregnant women who undergo C-sections under spinal anesthesia. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Ondansetron and Dexamethasone on nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia for cesarean section.

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is a public health problem that has a deleterious impact not only on the oral cavity but also compromises the general health of the patient. For oral health professionals, screening of this disease is of utmost importance, in order to manage this disease.

Background: Healthcare providers may improve healthcare delivery and make it available to more people by combining advanced technologies with high-quality network services. In this regard, telemedicine has improved healthcare providers' ability to provide services for a large number of individuals without their physical presence. Pakistan's healthc...

Background: Patients with cirrhosis may have either a chronic neuropsychiatric state due to portal-systematic shunting or have an acute episode with some precipitating factor labeled as hepatic encephalopathy. In patients with encephalopathy, hypokalemic alkalosis leads to an increase in the amount of nonionic ammonia that readily crosses the blood...

Oral cancer is one of the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Effective biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis would be beneficial to reduce the mortality and ensure effective treatment of OSCC patients. C-Type Lectin Domain Family 3 Member B(CLEC3B) and its translatory protein, Tetranectin has been involved in tumor invasion and metastasis...

Dear Editor, In this era of the 21st century, when a global pandemic has taken over the lives of millions, causing severe hospitalization and even death, the need for treatment has become an ongoing challenge despite the relative progress made by vaccination.

Background: Nigella sativa (N. sativa), a natural herb, commonly known as Black seed or Kalonji, has a prolonged medicinal history of more than 2000 years. Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic inflammatory disorder, which is mostly treated with steroids. This clinical trial was conducted to assess the effectiveness of N. sativa oil in compar...

In this era of the 21st century, when a global pandemic has taken over the lives of millions, causing severe hospitalization and even death, the need for treatment has become an ongoing challenge despite the relative progress made by vaccination. Current data shows more than 0.57 million COVID-19 related hospitalizations being registered in the Uni...

Background: Metformin was approved by FDA in 1994 for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus. Due to its interaction with the AMP kinases enzyme system, it showed multiple effects on other organ systems of the body. Despite being the drug of the first choice for type II diabetes it became a popular drug for PCOS and currently, various trials a...

Objective: Antibacterial effects of grapes seed extract on methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus and extended spectrum beta lactamase producing escherichia coli and its comparison with linezolid and meropenem. Study Design: It is a Pre-Clinical (in-vitro) study Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Ziauddin University,...

Galectin 9 (Gal9) has a diversified role in cancer pathogenesis. It induces aggregation of certain cell types and prevents metastasis. Recent evidence revealed its pivotal role in immune regulation. Limited literature is available on the expression of Gal9 in OSCC, and no data is available on its correlation with chewable tobacco products, which is...

Background: Diabetics are four times more prone to develop Urinary tract infection when compared to healthy individuals, the proposed risk factors behind this increase in susceptibility in diabetics are autonomic neuropathy resulting in incomplete emptying of bladder and glucose in urine which serves as a medium for bacterial growth. The aims of ou...

Approximately 3% of the world population has been known to be infected with HCV. Hepatitis C virus is a major etiological factor behind the development of liver diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Interferon-based therapy has remained as the mainstay treatment for HCV for decades. Owing to the unavoidable side effects of interf...

Each country of the world has its own health care system to follow, Pakistan has followed the healthcare system designed by British rulers since 1947. Primary healthcare, Secondary Healthcare and tertiary healthcare are the major parts of the defined healthcare system that are been practiced across the country. Pakistan has always participated and...

Background: Salivary fluid creates a particular environment of oral cavity that helps in mastication, lubrication of food and mucosa and in speech. Intake of food and different liquids (drinks, juices, milk) causes modulation in pH of saliva that lead to change in the environment of oral cavity. The pH of saliva decreases to acidic side when bacter...

Objective: Antibacterial effects of Cranberry fruit extract on Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Extended Spectrum beta lactamase producing E. coli and its comparison with Linezolid and Meropenem. Materials and Methods: It is a Pre Clinical (in-vitro) study conducted in Ziauddin University from January 2020 to October 2020. All sample...

Background: Depression is a far more devastating to healthy state than chronic physical illnesses. In many cases, diagnosis of depression is difficult which makes physicians unable to design rational therapeutic prescription. Coriandrum sativum (CS) has been investigated for gastrointestinal related disorders but its association with depression has...

All the countries in the world are struggling to improve their healthcare systems regardless of being rich or poor. Talking about Cuba, it represents an example of well-developed healthcare system and policies which is comparable to developed countries of the world. The success of Cuban healthcare system largely depends upon its strong primary heal...

Background: Cancer related stigma arises due to an amalgamation of certain myths, lack of understanding and religious and social beliefs that vary across different cultures. Despite the widespread availability of information regarding the characteristics of this disease and the ever-growing technological advances, cancer still remains a taboo with...

Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare the antidyslipidemic effects of fenugreek seed extract in comparison to standard drugs used for dyslipidemia in an animal model of dyslipidemia. Methods: It was an experimental study conducted on 42 male, 9 weeks old Wistar albino rats for a period of 7 weeks. Animals were randomly divided into...

Background: The outbreak of COVID-19 started from Wuhan, China and spread throughout the world, from the day it infected first person until now it has been the leading cause of death in 2020. It has changed the daily life routine of people and is responsible for the adaptation of practices as precautionary measures the current study was aimed “to a...

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate various lipid rich diets for the induction of dyslipidemia in animal model.

Objectives: The current study was aimed to investigate pathogen burden and antimicrobial susceptibility of conventional use antibiotics against MDR P. aeruginosa Design: In vitro Preclinical study Patients & Methods: Sputum samples were collected by using non probability sampling technique from indoor and outdoor patients; total 560 sputum samples...

Objectives: The current study was aimed to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility of ceftolozane/tazobactam (5 th generation cephalosporin) against S. Typhi. Design: Preclinical experimental study. Patients & Methods: Total 625 blood samples were collected from indoor and outdoor patients using non probability sampling technique. The included...

Objectives: The objectives of this study were focused on finding the influence of excessive mobile phone usage on academic performance of medical students and to find association between excessive mobile phone usage and anxiety in students of a medical University Karachi. Methods: It was a questionnaire based study, three different standardized que...

Background: To understand severity and complications of diabetes mellitus and to analyze effects of drugs, it is necessary to create diabetic animal model. There are different doses of streptozotocin to induce diabetes mellitus in rats that may be associated with mortality or may be insufficient for induction of DM. The objective of our study was t...

Introduction:In the era of modern technology mobile phones have becoming popular, especially in teenagers. Besides of its uses there are various undesirable psychological and physical impact on heath. Aims and objectives: The purpose of this study was to access the link among Excessive Use of Smart Phone and there sleep pattern among Pakistani Adol...

Background: Urinary tract infections are found to be commonest bacterial infections across the globe. Various studies have demonstrated high prevalence rate of UTIs in Pakistan. Multiple broad spectrum antibiotics are being used for the treatment of UTI but the resistance by the pathogen against these drugs is increasing worldwide. As the resistanc...

Background: When there are high demands besides less resources, a person experiences a feeling of fear that is known as “Stress”. Students of professional schools/colleges and universities are encounter more stress than the general population as they are in a transitory phase from adolescence to adulthood. It has been highlighted that medical educa...

Background: Diabetes mellitus has remained the major concern for medical sciences researches due to its deleterious effects on general, physical and mental health of patients. To understand the pathophysiology and to explore better treatment options for such kind of metabolic disorders it is necessary to generate the experimental animal models. To...

Aim: To determine the association of ultrasound findings with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH) and free testosterone in adolescents with the polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Methodology: Total 44 adolescents (16-22years) with PCOS diagnosed according to Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM Consensus criteria 2003 were enrolled in the...

Background: The novel coronavirus disease or Covid-19 is caused by a virus of a strain named Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Countries enacted a strict self-isolation order as the authorities seek to clamp down on the coronavirus pandemic that has led to severe socioeconomic disruptions to minimize close contact betwee...