Ajay Luthra

• Doctor of Philosophy
• Picsel Labs

We propose to add a flag to the VPS to indicate whether scalable/multiview enhancement layer information parameters may be transmitted via external means rather than in the VPS. A reserved bit in the VPS is used for the flag. In the VPS extension semantics, variables are introduced for the scalability parameters. If the VPS external means flag is s...

In high dynamic range (HDR) video, it is possible to represent a wider range of intensities and contrasts compared to the current standard dynamic range (SDR) video. HDR video can simultaneously preserve details in very bright and very dark areas of a scene whereas these details become lost or washed out in SDR video. Because the perceived quality...

As the video industry begins deployment of ultrahigh-definition TV in both professional and consumer markets, including support for higher dynamic range and wider color gamut services is considered essential within the industry. Higher dynamic range and wider color gamut offer end users a significantly enhanced viewing experience by supporting inte...

A method for providing video content from a server to a plurality of media devices is disclosed, the method comprising: determining, by the server, the bandwidth to allocate to each of the plurality of media devices using a hypertext transfer protocol-based live streaming client model or a need parameter vector and providing the allocated bandwidth...

A comprehensive presentation of the video communication techniques and systems, this book examines 4G wireless systems which are set to revolutionise ubiquitous multimedia communication.4G Wireless Video Communications covers the fundamental theory and looks at systems' descriptions with a focus on digital video. It addresses the key topics associa...

IntroductionContent AnalysisContent-Based Video RepresentationContent-Based Video Coding and CommunicationsContent Description and ManagementReferences

Network-Adaptive Video Object EncodingJoint Source Coding and Unequal Error ProtectionJoint Source-Channel Coding with Utilization of Data HidingReferences

IntroductionStreaming System ArchitectureDelay-Constrained RetransmissionConsiderations for Wireless Video StreamingP2P Video StreamingReferences

The thirteen papers in this special issue are devoted to the standardization and development of scalable video coding techniques and applications.

As wireless technology evolves towards its fourth generation (4G) of development, the prospect of offering multimedia services such as on-demand video streaming and video conferencing to wireless mobile clients becomes increasingly more viable. The eventual ...

H.264/MPEG-4 AVC is the latest international video coding standard. It was jointly developed by the Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG) of the ITU-T and the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) of ISO/IEC. It uses state-of-the-art coding tools and provides enhanced coding efficiency for a wide range of applications, including video telephony, video co...

H.264/MPEG-4 AVC is a recently completed video compression standard jointly developed by the ITU-T VCEG and the ISO/IEC MPEG standards committees. The standard promises much higher compression than that possible with earlier standards. It allows coding of non-interlaced and interlaced video very efficiently, and even at high bit rates provides more...

As Web-based services increasingly include streaming media, broadband service providers must address the challenges inherent in the real-time delivery of high-bandwidth content over a best-effort network. The Multilevel Buffer Architecture is a buffering mechanism for MPEG-4 decoder players, providing a set of services for accommodating network jit...

H.264/MPEG-4 AVC is the latest coding standard jointly developed by the Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG) of ITU-T and Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) of ISO/IEC. It uses state of the art coding tools and provides enhanced coding efficiency for a wide range of applications including video telephony, video conferencing, TV, storage (DVD and/or h...

H.264/AVC is newest video coding standard of the ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group and the ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group. The main goals of the H.264/AVC standardization effort have been enhanced compression performance and provision of a "network-friendly" video representation addressing "conversational" (video telephony) and "nonconversatio...

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A common problem with many video transmission applications is the wide range of available bandwidths between the server and different clients. These environments require efficient multicast video service, the capability to transmit and receive the same video sequence at different resolutions. Two approaches to achieve multicast service are scalable...

MPEG-4 and H.263+ are the two latest video compression standards aimed towards the streaming video-over-Internet application. Both standars include advanced coding techniques to achieve high coding efficiency at low bit rates. They support several requirements of packet-based transmission on the Internet, e.g., scalable video coding and error resil...

First Page of the Article

In MPEG, the input pictures can be coded in three different types: I, P, and B. The three pictures require quite different numbers of bits because of different natures of their temporal processing. Hence, an intelligent bit-allocation strategy should assign a picture the number of bits according to the picture's type, as well as the picture organiz...

To allow interoperability and cost effective implementation of codecs, MPEG has defined Profiles and Levels as conformance points. Two of those Profiles are Simple Profile (SP) and Advanced Simple Profile (ASP). ASP is also used as base level for the Fine Granularity Scalability (FGS) Profile. Applications related to streaming video on Internet are...

Previous developments in digital video compression, transmission, and displays have made object-based video viable for many applications, e.g., coding chroma-keyed video for digital TV and manipulating video objects on interactive multimedia terminals, etc. To facilitate these applications, there is a demand on international standards for coding me...

The coding method in MPEG-4 for interlaced video is introduced in this paper. Such a method is an extension of MPEG-2 interlaced coding tools to allow compression of arbitrarily shaped interlaced video. The new texture-and-shape coding tools discussed here for arbitrarily shaped interlaced video provide good compression performance. It is demonstra...

In MPEG, the input pictures can be coded in three different types, I, P and B. The three pictures require quite different numbers of bits because of different natures of their temporal processing. Hence, an intelligent bit allocation strategy should assign a target rate for a picture according to the picture's type. Furthermore, for a given bit bud...

Recent developments in the technology of digital video compression, transmission and displays have made the multiple viewpoint digital video viable for many applications, e.g. stereoscopic view for 3D TV and arbitrary angle scene compositing for virtual camera, etc. To facilitate these applications the Motion Pictures Experts Group (MPEG) of the In...

We describe the MPEG2 4:2:2 Profile and present a study of its characteristics. The MPEG2 4:2:2 Profile provides a conformance point that addresses, among other applications, the needs of the professional studio and post-production environment, and that provides interoperability. The requirements of such an environment for compressed digital video...

Encoding analog component video to a composite signal is an established practice. Improvements are constantly being made in encoding techniques, with the result that the quality of the encoded video is closer to that of the component source. Encoding digital components to digital composite signals involves an additional step besides coding: the sam...

A vector quantization (VQ) scheme combining conventional VQ and adaptive resampling is proposed. The sampling frequency is relaxed in the uniform area of the picture to provide a high degree of compression, while it is increased in the highly detailed regions of the picture so smaller blocks can be used to help reduce the annoying blocking effects...

Making fiber loss measurements is one of the prime functions of an Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR). But the literature on the subject lacks the characterization of the signal processing algorithms used for this purpose. In this paper, we establish a theoretical upper bound on the measurement accuracy for a given noise level. We also analyz...

A new adaptive technique is presented that is capable of nulling coherent, as well as incoherent, jammers while maintaining a fixed gain in the look direction. The technique depends on the use of new kind of correlation matrix and a subtractive preprocessor. It does not require any spatial smoothing. It requires 2M elements to null M-1 coherent jam...

Abstmct-The effects of slow varying (spatially) deterministic errors in the phase measured at the array elements, on the point spread function of the array are analyzed. It is shown that zones affected by this type of error and random error are mutually exclusive. Therefore, it may be worthwhile reducing one type of error when large amounts of the...

A new technique is described for image formation using a circular array of transducer elements in which each element acts as both a transmitter and receiver. By processing the amplitude and phase measurements acquired in such a system in a particular way, it is shown that it is possible to approach the performance of a transmit–receive f i l l e d...

Medium turbulence, characterized by local variations in propagation speed, limits array size to the order of the correlation distance of the velocity perturbation. Array gain is lost when the array size significantly exceeds that distance. Adaptive beamforming eliminates this size constraint on the array. However, the scanning distance then turns o...

A theory has been developed which accounts for the empirically known facts of maximum entropy method's (MEM) sensitivity to the RF phase difference between targets, the effects of averaging with respect to variations of the phase difference, and the effect of noise. Of importance is the discovery from the theory that the effect of noise can be mark...

The ring or annulus array offers certain attractive properties for use in circularly symmetric imaging systems. Its excitation function is defined by $$ \text{i}\left( \text{r},\phi \right)\,=\,\text{a}{{\text{e}}^{\text{j}\phi }}\sum\limits_{\text{n=0}}^{\text{n=N-1}}{\text{ }\!\!\delta\!\!\text{ }\left( \phi \,-\,\frac{\text{2 }\!\!\pi\!\!\text{...

The two-dimensional diffraction pattern of a line aperture can exhibit certain asymmetries when the aperture excitation is asymmetric. The four lowest moments of the aperture distribution are responsible for the distortion near the focus. When the coordinate system is chosen so that the first moment is zero, the third central moment plays the domin...