Ahmad Rashed Labanieh

Ecole d'ingénierie et d'innovation textile | ENSAIT · Le GEMTEX

Three-dimensional (3D) warp interlock woven composites (3DWIWC) are in demand in various industries due to their excellent delamination resistance, damage tolerance and fracture toughness properties. The 3D warp interlock woven fabric architecture can be defined by numerous fabric parameters such as: the binding and stuffer warp yarns, the woven pa...

The availability of the Agave Sisalana plant in Morocco and the use of this plant only in traditional medicine was the subject of the choice of the Moroccan Agave Sisalana plant in the current study for the development of multilayer woven reinforcement. The variability of natural fiber properties requires a detailed approach to the behavior of pref...

This study was motivated by the development of new additively manufactured bio-based materials with high performance. Hemp yarn was used in continuous material extrusion additive manufacturing to produce novel hemp yarn-reinforced biocomposites. The hemp yarn was compared to an original hemp/poly(lactic acid) hybrid yarn prepared by commingling bef...

Non-woven fabrics, known for their mechanical and acoustic properties, have gained attention in many industries, including the automotive industry. Use of recycled carbon fibres (rCF) in non-woven structures is a cost-effective and sustainable solution. However, the deformability and tear characteristics of these fabrics during preforming are not c...

This study represents the first works on the manufacture of reinforcements for composite applications such as yarns and fabrics using a tropical fiber extracted from the bast of the Cola Lepidota (CL) plant. Different types of products were produced, including twisted and untwisted yarns and woven and quasi-unidirectional fabrics to manufacture com...

The main objective of this paper aims at investigating the potential use of sisal yarn into composite material despite the inherent variability of properties of natural resources. A multi-scale approach of the behavior of sisal fiber woven reinforcements is conducted to understand and evaluate the different properties of woven reinforcements. At th...

The use of hemp fibers for the manufacturing of reinforcements for composite materials is not well common, despite a growing interest of natural fibers in this field of application. In addition to the choice of the type of fiber used, the choice of the type of reinforcement plays an important role in the final properties of the composite material....

Composite materials which are reinforced with 3D warp interlock fabrics have outstanding mechanical properties such as higher delamination resistance, ballistic damage resistance and impact damage tolerance by means of their improved structural properties. Textile reinforcements are exposed to large deformations in the production stage of composite...

Hybrid yarn of reinforcement and thermo-plastic fibres gives the composite manufacturing process the advantage to dispense resin transferring task. The objective of this study is to make a hybrid yarn based on hemp and polyamide 11 (PA11) fibre for composite application. The weaveability of the manufactured hybrid yarn will be checked, and the tens...

Plant fibers are being increasingly explored for their use in engineering polymers and composites, and many works have described their properties, especially for flax and hemp fibers. Nevertheless, the availability of plant fibers varies according to the geographical location on the planet. This study presents the first work on the mechanical prope...

The 3D warp interlock carbon fabrics, which have different structural properties, were produced and their tensile, bending, shear and formability properties were tested in our previous study. However, further analyses and modelling studies are needed to have an overall understanding of the specific and complex behaviours of the 3D warp interlock ca...

The conventional weaving technology restrains the orientation of the in-plane yarns to two orthogonal angles only (0° and 90°) relative to the fabric main axis. The multi-axis weaving technologies are developed to overcome this limitation of the conventional bi-dimensional and three-dimensional woven fabrics. The principle of the multi-axis weaving...

Recycling carbon-fibre-reinforced plastic (CFRP) and recovering high-cost carbon fibre (CF) is a preoccupation of scientific and industrial committees due to the environmental and economic concerns. A commercialised nonwoven mat, made of recycled carbon fibre and manufactured using carding and needle-punching technology, can promote second-life opp...

In this study, the behaviour of woven composite fabrics under large deformation is investigated. Two hybrid discrete continuous approaches based on mesoscale modelling are developed and implemented in the Abaqus software using VUMAT subroutines. In both hybrid models, connectors for tensile behaviour are combined with membranes for consideration of...

The present work investigates the potential of developing bio-composites based on thermoplastic polymers reinforced with natural fibres by using hybrid yarns. The hybrid yarns were produced by the wrapping technique, in which a multifilament of polyamide 11 (PA11) was wrapped around an untreated low-twisted hemp roving to produce a yarn with suffic...

Despite the variability of Moroccan natural resources, few Moroccan natural fibers are exploited as natural textile composites. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of 3D warp interlock fabrics based on Moroccan sisal yarns. Before weaving, the characteristics of sisal yarns have been analyzed following standards. Based on these natur...

This work aims to investigate the physical and mechanical properties of sisal fiber and yarn of Moroccan origin. The cellulosic and non-cellulosic constituents of the Moroccan sisal fiber were identified by FTIR spectroscopy. The thermal properties were studied by thermogravimetric analysis. The hydrophilicity of the fiber was evaluated by the cont...

The paper examines the washing behavior of fabric by using the finite element method (FEM) along with the Coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian (CEL) approach. Many prototypes of e-textiles with different functions have been developed for various applications in laboratories worldwide, but only a limited number of products exist on the market. The washing pr...

This study focuses on the development and mechanical testing of a quasi-unidirectional woven hemp fabric for composite applications. The fabric is designed to combine the advantages of easy handling, impregnability by resin and fiber alignment. In this sense, low twisted rovings, low crimping characteristics and a high roving density in the main di...

The aim of this research is the valorization of Moroccan natural resources through the manufacturing of innovative 3D interlocks textiles. In order to investigate the potential of the sisal yarns used into 3D warp interlock fabrics, the 3D fabrics were studied at multi-scales (micro-scale, meso-scale and macro-scale). Before starting the manufactur...

Natural fibers are used to produce environmental-friendly composites with good specific mechanical and acoustical properties. Production of woven reinforcement from natural fibers is challenging because of the distinct length of the fibers. A lot of parameters at fiber extraction, spinning and weaving stages have an impact on the composite produced...

The objective of this study is to develop hybrid hemp/thermoplastic roving adapted for composite manufacture. The hybrid roving has to be enough resistant to sustain the tension and abrasion stresses caused by the textile production processes. For this purpose, a multifilament of polyamide 12 is wrapped around a hemp roving. This wrapped roving is...

Multiscale characterization of the textile preform made of natural fibers is an indispensable way to understand and assess the mechanical properties and behavior of composite. In this study, a multiscale experimental characterization is performed on three-dimensional (3D) warp interlock woven fabrics made of flax fiber on the fiber (micro), roving...

The feasibility to manufacture a 3D warp interlock preform from 1000 Tex flax roving is investigated by means of a prototype machine developed to GEMTEX laboratory. The provided flax roving has low tensile failure load because of lack of twist so it isn’t suitable for weaving. The first step was dedicated to improve the tensile properties of the ro...

Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) has been grown since the antiquity for tis ability to provide fibres for the confection of clothes. It has also been used for the production of technical fabrics such as sails for example. In the 20th century, and particularly in Europe, the vegetal fibres such as flax were progressively replaced by synthetic fibres fr...

Recent developments in the field of bio-based composite materials are mainly focused on the use of unidirectional reinforcements. The production of woven fabrics and required yarns or rovings is still complex for composite applications due to the finite length of plant fibers and to the high number of process parameters which can be tuned. This stu...

Recent developments in the field of bio-based composite materials are mainly focused on the use of unidirectional reinforcements. The production of woven fabrics and required yarns or rovings is still complex for composite applications due to the finite length of plant fibers and to the high number of process parameters which can be tuned. This stu...

Flax is a natural fiber with a growing industrial interest. Technical textiles and composites industries are increasingly fond of this type of fiber, with good mechanical properties. The aim of this study is to characterize 3D warp interlock fabric, from the raw material, here a flax roving. After a brief introduction of this type of fabric, struct...

Les fibres naturelles sont de plus en plus utilisées en remplacement des fibres synthétiques dans la réalisation de préformes pour matériaux composites. Ces fibres naturelles, utilisées notamment pour leur aspect respectueux de l’environnement, sont majoritairement utilisées avec des résines thermodurcissables, qui sont difficilement recyclables. L...

In order to understand the causes and the formation process of the tow sliding defect, shape preforming tests were performed on a hemispherical punch. Variable orientation and blank holders’ pressure were investigated in order to assess the phenomena and a cohesion pull-out test was proposed to investigate the cohesion of the reinforcement which wa...

Reinforcement permeability represents crucial parameters in the manufacturing of fiber reinforced composites by liquid composite molding processes (LCM) [1]. Evaluation of fabric permeability is usually challenging and it requires several flow experiments. Indeed, permeability usually presents different values due to the anisotropic nature of texti...

Le tissage 3D interlock chaine permet de réaliser des préformes épaisses pour matériaux composites. Or, cette technologie est très peu employée pour des renforts à base de fibres naturelles. Cette étude démontre à la fois la faisabilité du tissage 3D interlock chaine pour les fibres naturelles et s’intéresse à l’influence du nombre de couches sur l...

Les fibres de chanvre sont de plus en plus utilisées pour le renfort de matériaux composites biosourcés, du fait de leur faible densité, de leur faible coût de production et de leurs bonnes propriétés. Les renforts en fibres de chanvre actuellement disponibles sur le marché sont sous forme de nontissés ou d’unidirectionnels. Les quelques préformes...

Washing process is an important issue for e-textiles and smart textile structures. In the washing process, textile fabrics are exposed to mechanical stresses, chemical reactions, thermal stress, and temperature. These stresses cause damage on conductive yarns and accordingly electronic contacts in the wearable device. Modeling the damage during was...

The first step in the composite manufacturing process consists of forming a flat textile reinforcing structure into a 3D shape. The quality of the final composite part is affected by the presence of defects induced during the forming process. Loss of cohesion in the woven fibre network (intra-ply yarn sliding) is a frequent defect in the forming pr...

Cette étude décrit à la fois la faisabilité du tissage 3D interlock chaine à base de mèches de lin et la caractérisation multi-échelle de ces renforts secs pour matériaux composites. Le tissage 3D interlock chaine permet de réaliser des structures épaisses, plus résistantes aux délaminages que les empilements de tissus 2D. Les propriétés mécaniques...

Manufacturing complex composite part via Liquid Composite Molding (LCM) processes involves preforming dry textile perform before injecting the liquid resin. The defect that may be encountered within the textile structure during preforming step decreases the expected mechanical properties of the composite part. The intra-ply yarn sliding is a defect...

A non-linear discrete hybrid approach based on the association of hypoelastic continuous elements (non-linear shear behaviour) with specific connectors (non-linear tension stiffness) is developed. It allows the simulation of a two-dimensional (2D) woven reinforcement forming via an accurate explicit finite element analysis. This approach allows the...

Natural fibres are used as an alternative to man-made fibres in fibre reinforced composite materials in a variety of applications due to their good specific strength and stiffness properties and limited environmental impact. However, contrary to man-made fibres, used in the form of continuous filaments, natural fibres are extracted from plants in w...

The present study carries on the characterization of dry reinforcement structure for composite material. Yarn properties were analyzed to select the optimal level of twist. The influence of 3D-warp interlock structure's bending type was also investigated. Structures, made with 1000Tex flax roving, were woven on a dobby loom. Physical characterizati...

Preforming is the first step to manufacture a complex composite part via Liquid Composite Moulding processes. The defects that may be encountered during this phase within the preform architecture may decrease the expected mechanical performances of the final part. The intra-ply yarn sliding is a defect frequently observed during preforming of a wov...

Preforming is the first step to manufacture a complex composite part via Liquid Composite Moulding processes.The defects that may be encountered during this phase within the preform architecture may decrease the expected mechanical performances of the final part. The intra-ply yarn sliding is a defect frequently observed during preforming of a wove...

In the current paper, investigations have been carried out on the in-plane and out-of-plane mechanical properties of 3D multiaxial woven composites keeping in view three different architectures. The first two architectures constitute of additional bias yarns oriented at + θ° and - θ° along with 0° and 90°, whereas the third comprises of yarns direc...

Multiaxis 3D weaving technology allows insertion of in-plane fibres reinforcements, designated as bias yarns, oriented in directions other than 0° and 90° in the woven preform, unlike in the case of conventional weaving technology. By different existing weaving advanced techniques, two opposite bias yarn layers are formed, with no possibility to se...

Compared to the laminated composite made of two-dimensional preform, the three-dimensional-woven composites have been evolved as an attractive structural material. Based on the classical textile technologies such as weaving, braiding, and knitting, complex preforms have been fabricated as reinforcement for technical applications. In the recent year...

The 3D interlock woven preform possesses in-plane fiber just in two directions (warp 0° and weft 90°) resulting in poor in-plane shear properties. Therefore, the 3D multiaxial woven preform was developed to reinforce in-plane properties of preform by introducing in-plane fiber in biases directions +/- θ°. Several 3D multiaxial weaving techniques ha...

The 3D interlock woven preform possesses in-plane fiber just in two directions (warp 0° and weft 90°) resulting in poor in-plane shear properties. Therefore, the 3D multiaxial woven preform was developed to reinforce in-plane properties of preform by introducing in-plane fiber in biases directions +/- °. Several 3D multi-axial weaving techniques ha...

Novel technique to produce 3D multiaxis woven preform has been developed and presented in this paper. Geometric characterization for the produced samples using the advanced machine prototype has been carried out based on analyzing the captured micrographs for the cross section of the impregnated samples. The geometry of the yarns within the structu...

The 3D interlock woven preform possesses in-plane fiber just in two directions (warp 0° and filler 90°) resulting in poor in-plane shear properties. Therefore, the multiaxis 3D woven preform was developed to reinforce in-plane properties of preform by introducing in-plane fiber in bias direction +/- θ°. Certain multiaxis 3D weaving techniques have...

This article describes a contribution to the development of a numerical model for the geometrical description of multiaxial 3D woven preforms, at the scale of a unit cell. A novel approach enabling computation of preforms cross-section dimensions depending on the manufacturing and weaving parameters has been developed. The aims of this model are fi...