A.H.M. Zahirul Alam

• Doctor of Engineering
• Professor at International Islamic University Malaysia

This paper discusses the challenges in developing a high-efficiency driver circuit for an ultrasonic cleaning system. The main issue lies in finding the suitable driver circuit and drive signal to ensure the correct frequency level for the ultrasonic transducer. This difficulty affects the removal of contaminants from inaccessible areas due to the...

Magnetic Levitation Systems (MLS), or Maglev for short, utilise magnetic fields to levitate objects. They find applications in various scientific fields, particularly transportation, materials science, and biomedical engineering. Due to the diverse applications, different modelling and control approaches are necessary. The operation of each Maglev...

DC-DC converters with significant gain, ripple-free input current, and shared ground are required to elevate the output voltages of batteries, fuel cells, and Photovoltaic sources. The proposed topology utilizes a solitary switch to control the circuit and it has additional inculpation of a voltage doubler cell at the load side, a switch capacitor...

This paper presents the development of a multi-AMBA system processor interface employing multiple AMBA processors. The primary goal of this interface is to establish connections between various AMBA AHB interfaces and external memory units such as RAM and REGISTER, leveraging the high-performance capabilities of AMBA AHB. The research delves into t...

In recent years, the demand for power consumption has increased rapidly to fulfill the energy needs of households and industries worldwide. Solar electricity has emerged as the most practical form of renewable energy in this context. Due to its distinctive qualities such as being clean, quiet, and sustainable. Here, the study and analysis of a non-...

Differential resistive systems are easily designed using potentiometric sensors. They usually contain two sensing resistances and a common movable terminal. This circuit can be used to sense a number of scenario; such as the liquid level in a tank, biomedical applications in determining the expansion and contraction of the muscles, the amount of be...

Traditionally, vibration signal processing has been performed using analog and digital signal analyzers or writing code in intermediate and high-level computer languages. However, the advent of higher-level interpretive-based signal processing software products such as MATLAB has added a new dimension to vibration signal processing. This paper pres...

The current methods to maximize solar cell efficiency have proven too complex for low-power solar applications. In addition, traditional methods, such as changing the orientation of a solar panel, can be too difficult for large photovoltaic arrays. Therefore, in this work, various analyses will be done with the critical components of a solar PV cir...

Filtered Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (FOFDM) is one of the key candidates for harvesting the features that millimetre wave cellular communication is to offer for the 5G and beyond cellular generation. Its chief robust features are increased throughput, efficient spectral utilisation, and interference immunity. Some strict methodologi...

This paper initiates a high-gain high efficiency step-up DC-DC converter based on Boost SEPIC (Single Ended Primary Inductor Converter) hybrid topology for photovoltaic application. Customarily DC-DC converter circuit is a widely used technique to improve the voltage level of solar cells. However, for low output voltage and low efficiency, they are...

This project proposed an optimum control system that can handle the uncertainties and nonlinearities of any system by using the Fuzzy Logic Control system (FLC). The proposed system utilized an FLC system for a DC-DC boost converter, which tracks the PV panel’s maximum power point (MPPT). A PI control system is also used to maintain the continuous...

This project proposed an optimum control system that can handle the uncertainties and nonlinearities of any system by using the Fuzzy Logic Control system (FLC). The proposed system utilized an FLC system for a DC-DC boost converter, which tracks the PV panel’s maximum power point (MPPT). A PI control system is also used to maintain the continuous...

Due to the nonlinear property of the PV panels, there are a few significant restrictions and limitations in the PV solar system. The PV panels always have to depend on environmental conditions such as temperature and solar radiation to generate efficient power. This paper proposed an optimum control system that can handle the uncertainties and nonl...

Nowadays, electronic wireless vehicle tracking is becoming essential for preventing car theft and emergency services in vehicle accidents. There are three types of vehicle tracking systems in the market. Each has its advantages and disadvantages. Based on the working principle, these trackers are classified as cellular phone-based trackers, wireles...

Power is an essential requirement in these modern lifestyles. Electronic gadgets like cell phones, laptops, etc., need the least power to charge. The utilization of Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) has been a hot issue among researchers these days. Nowadays, the application of wiring is becoming very inconvenient since everything cannot be used as...

This paper addresses the multiprocessor arbitration for any System on Chip or ASIC. Any system, be it a simple controller or a very supplicated system, it needs a processor to operate. There are series of processors offered by Intel, AMD or processor companies. The previously single processor was used for any chop to access different targets. But t...

Brushless DC (BLDC) motors are very popular for applications in automation and electric vehicle systems due to their unique features. Although these motors have many advantages over conventional DC motors, they also suffer some limitations in their functionality due to their direct dependability on the controller driver circuit. The proportional in...

With the miniaturization of transistors, the current leakage also increases due to the increasing tunnelling effect. Plus, Boltzmann’s tyranny limits the subthreshold swing to be best and ideal at 60 mV/decade. Due to these, the power consumption in transistors keeps soaring up. Therefore, in this paper, the Negative Capacitance Effect Field Transi...

Currently, brushless direct current (BLDC) motors are becoming popular in electric vehicles, automation systems and industrial applications. Basically, the BLDC motors are a special type of electronically controlled electric motor systems. In fact, the successful advancement of electronic technology has made these motors a reality. Without an elect...

Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motor is the most popular useable motor for automation and industry. For good performance of the BLDC motor hunger driving circuit but the driving circuit is costly, complex control mechanism, various parameter dependency and low torque. The Proportional Integral (PI), Proportional Integral Derivative (PID), fuzzy lo...

Brushless DC Motor (BLDCM) is broadly utilized for some mechanical applications, given their high efficiency, high torque, and low volume. It is very hard to tune the parameters and accomplish full force highlights utilizing a basic custom PID controller. An adaptive PID controls can meet the highlights and are anything but difficult to enrol. The...

At present, green technology is a major concern in every country around the world and electricity is a clean energy which encourages the acquisition of this technology. The main applications of electricity are made through the use of electric motors. Electric power is converted to mechanical energy using a motor, that is to say, the major applicati...

this paper, design of compactand modified geometrical structure of 1-to-4 way ultra-wideband Wilkinson power divider used as a feeding network for 4-element of balanced antipodal Vivaldi antenna (BAVA) array has introduced. The proposed Wilkinson power divider has been designed and printed on low-cost Epoxy laminate substrate FR4 along with the thi...

Abstract: Many Industries are using Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) Motor in various applications for their high torque performance, higher efficiency and low volume in size. Normally, by using Fuzzy controller is so difficult to tune the parameters and get contented speed control and torque. On the other hand, PID controller has the ability to sat...

A differential capacitive sensing technique is discussed in this paper. The differential capacitive sensing circuit is making use of a single power supply. The design focus for this paper is on the excitation frequency dependency analysis to the circuit. Theory of the differential capacitive sensor under test is discussed and derivation is elaborat...

Antenna array of large scale have been examined for different applications including 5G technology. To get better data rate or a reliable link substantial number of antenna arrays have been utilized to provide high multiplexing gains as well as array gains with high directivity. In this paper a simple but efficient implementation technique of using...

Parasitic integration for a single supply differential capacitive sensing technique is presented in this paper. In real capacitive sensor measurement, parasitic impedance exists in its measurement. This paper objective is to study the effect of capacitive and resistive parasitic to the capacitive sensor circuit. The differential capacitive sensor c...

CHIEF EDITOR Ahmad Faris Ismail, IIUM, Malaysia EXECUTIVE EDITOR AHM Zahirul Alam, IIUM, Malaysia ASSOCIATE EDITOR Anis Nurashikin Nordin, IIUM, Malaysia LANGUAGE EDITOR Lynn Mason, Malaysia COPY EDITOR Hamzah Mohd. Salleh, IIUM, Malaysia EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Abdullah Al-Mamun, IIUM, Malaysia Abdumalik Rakhimov, IIUM, Malaysia Amir Akramin Shafi...

A current source control based PLL (phase lock loop) technique is one of the most efficient methods for modern 3Φ synchronized grid power systems. When an inverter circuit is driven by an electrostatic generator with wind power, it encounters some problems, such as static and dynamic turn-on-off switching losses, unbalanced source voltage, low cont...

A carrier-based grid synchronous method is proposed to develop the system efficiency, phase and power quality of the inverter output waves. The operating principle of a single-phase phase synchronous inverter (SPSI) is introduced, with proper synchronous paid to the switching-frequency synchronizing voltage made by the interleaved process, as well...

This paper has introduced the concept of UWB antenna in array arrangements. The four elements of Balance Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna (BAVA) has been used for planar and H-plane array configuration in this research. Each single element of BAVA Antenna is printed on the glass-reinforced epoxy laminate material (FR4) along an overall thickness of 1.57mm...

This paper present a recognition technique of metal placed inside and between two walls. A unique scheme of recognition of metallic objects through Ultra Wide Band (UWB) Modified Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna (MAVA) frequency range of (3.1GHz to 10.6 GHz) is presented in this paper.The working mechanism of detection system based on Time Domain Reflectr...

A single series resonant converter has been designed to balance the voltage level of nowadays, battery operated vehicles and machine power tools are becoming popular due to their simple and compact structure, low operating and maintenance costs, moreover renewable energy utilization facility etc. In order to obtain the necessary operating voltage a...

In the medical field, electrodes are commonly used either to retrieve signals or to conduct current. Most of the off-the-shelf surface electrodes are made from metal or rigid substrates. This paper presents a work on designing a new flexible dry electrodes using poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate and silver by means of dispense...

p>Planar array antenna is seen as one of the innovative solutions of massive MIMO and 5G networks since they provide directive beams. In this paper, planar array antenna with square and rectangular arrangements based on 2 x 2 antenna elements as one subarray was proposed. Then, array factor for the the planar array antenna with up to 64 antenna ele...

High temperature stability of the band-gap energy of the active layer material of a semiconductor device is one of the major challenges in the field of semiconductor optoelectronic device design. It is essential to ensure the stability in different band-gap energy-dependent characteristics of the semiconductor material used to fabricate these devic...

The significance of high gain directional antennas stems from the need to cope up with the everyday progressing wireless communication systems. Due to low gain of the widely used microstrip antenna, combining multiple antennas in proper geometry increases the gain with good directive property. Over other array forms, this paper uses concentric circ...

This present work reports on the study of controllable aluminium doped zinc oxide (AZO) patterning by chemical etching for MEMS application. The AZO thin film was prepared by RF magnetron sputtering as it is capable of producing uniform thin film at high deposition rates. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) characterization we...

Lithium-ion batteries are more suitable for the application of electric vehicle due to high energy and power density compared to other rechargeable batteries. However, the battery pack temperature has a great impact on the overall performance, cycle life, normal charging-discharging behaviour and even safety. During rapid charge transferring proces...

Improvements of temperature dependence of certain characteristics of quantum dot solar cell using InN as active material of the device structure has been reported in this paper. A numerical analysis of temperature dependence of different parametric characteristics related to carriers within a quantum dot solar cell has been carried out in this rese...

Carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNTFET) is a nano scale electronics device that has excellent electrical proper to perform fast operation. In this research, a 14 nm CNTFET model has been proposed to operate in high frequency performance. The CNTFET model is developed by quantum capacitance and electrostatic capacitance to enhance the mode...

Differential capacitive sensing technique has gained popularity in capacitance measuring system due to its high symmetrical implementation, easy to be implemented using discrete components and has a characteristic of high linearity in its system. However, very few work has reported on the differential CVC system that is able to operate at a high fr...

This paper presents a low power capacitance to voltage converter (CVC) circuit using two differential amplifier circuits, two Schottky rectifier diodes constructed in a symmetrical manner and combined with instrumentation amplifier circuits. The differential capacitance to voltage simulation work has been realized with inexpensive discrete componen...

While electrical stimulation has proven to produce positive outcome among patients, electrical stimulation in post stroke rehabilitation faced one main limitation – muscle fatigue. Muscle fatigue limits the training time, hence, affecting the recovery process. This work analyzes the occurrence of muscle fatigue with respect to the different stimula...

The demands and expectations of high performance devices using Field Effect Transistors (FETs) are increased day by day. In order to obtain transistors with smaller size but with increased speed and performance, device scaling was done. However, making transistor in smaller size is not an easy task. One of the challenges with scaling the size of tr...

MIMO is a technology that utilizes multiple antennas at transmitter/receiver to improve the throughput, capacity and coverage of wireless system. Massive MIMO where Base Station is equipped with orders of magnitude more antennas have shown over 10 times spectral efficiency increase over MIMO with simpler signal processing algorithms. Massive MIMO h...

The work aims in creating a monitoring system for the elderly population intended to be used in the bedroom. The sensors selected can measure the sleep pattern and selected vital signals. This particular sensor was preferred as a result of its simplicity in integration, cost-effectiveness, and reliability. The suggested work is shown to be in the f...

With the continual increase of senior citizens more resources are required for providing care centers services. The quality of such services can be enhanced by remotely monitoring senior citizens living independently in their homes. The monitoring can be performed using various types of sensors, but the solution presented in this paper is simple, c...

In this work, a self-generated power capacitance measurement circuit for wireless health monitoring system is proposed. Hybrid energy from thermal and solar energy is expected to be used to supply the energy harvester. The present results has shown using low cost, off-the-shelf components, the capacitance measurement circuit is able to sense a line...

The core focus of this work is to design and develop a reliable capacitance sensing system for measuring very small capacitive changes at low frequencies. The sensing system is applicable in monitoring and characterizing human body movement. The interface circuit measures very small capacitive variation. Some capacitive values have been fixed and t...

A non-intrusive design for monitoring everyday activities of an elderly person is presented. The proposed system is intended to be used in the bedroom, allowing the elders to stay at home in a safe environment. The required hardware design is simple in structure and cost effective. The sensor design is implemented by using capacitive sensors and an...

This paper presents a parametric sweep analysis discussion on proposed DC-DC boost converter circuit for low and wide voltage supply range. Analysis is initially done using computer simulation and then tested with experimental work. Results are combined and discussed in details. In this work, effect of parameter such as input voltage, switching fre...

This paper presents a conventional DC-DC boost converter for low and wide voltage supply range, suitable for energy harvesting purpose. The output voltage can be increased by controlling the transistor switching frequency, duty cycle,inductance, load capacitor, rise, and fall time. Both computer simulation and experiment results are performed in de...

This paper presents an inductive pressure sensor which can be employed for the acquisition of biomedical signal, and these signals can be extremely vital in monitoring and diagnosing human body conditions. Based on the nature of the application, such implementations require precise and real time measurement for measuring any biomedical parameters....

Real time tracking and monitoring systems designed for observing the response of elderly population has proven its significance in recent years. The spectrum of sensing applications in tracking is on proliferation which is why it is important to review the progress of technological advancement and prospective of monitoring techniques. To implement...

A DC-DC step-up voltage converter is designed to convert a very lowvoltage supply, 35 mV such as fromthe thermal energy source from body heat. The converter can generate an outputvoltage up to 210 mV, approximately six imes its initial input voltage over afrequency of 36 GHz. The effect of switching transistors, inductor current,rise and fall time...

The occurrences of precipitation, also commonly known as rain, in the form of “convective” and “stratiform” have been identified to exist worldwide. In this study, radar return echo or known as reflectivity have been exploited in the process of classifying the type of rain endured. The Malaysian meteorology radar data is used in this investigation....

The promising development of magnetic sensors in the biomedical field demands an appropriate level of understanding of the magnetic properties of the materials used in their fabrication. To date some types of magnetic materials are encountered where their magnetic properties, characterization techniques and magnetization behavior are yet to be expl...