Aftab Alam Khan

BSMR Maritime University Dhaka Bangladesh

Fundamental requirement of the sustainability of the energy development is an extensive exploration and production of the geo-resources like oil and gas. Continental shelf of the Bay of Bengal of Bangladesh maritime boundary is found to be the most resourceful offshore area where hydrocarbon especially natural gas potentially occurs. Geological and...

Global sea level rise of 1.5 meter by 2100 AD due to global warming and polar ice-melt has emerged as a concept and not a science. Ocean thermal expansion responsible for sea level rise has also emerged as a myth. Warming of ocean surface can produce water vapor by evaporation which is not the volumetric expansion of ocean water to raise sea level....

Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta and its extension in the Bay of Bengal is genetically related to delta progradation. Sediments of the Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta have been the principal source of opportunities in the perspective of georesources and ecosystem. Simultaneously the same sediments have been the major cause of many challenges this delta is facing...

Presentation of the Special Issue on the Blue Governance of Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Delta. It is a Joint-Research Project by Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Maritime University, Bangladesh and University of Portsmouth, UK.

Himalaya-Hindukush, the world`s youngest mountain belt envelopes the SAARC region all along its northern fringe. These lofty mountain ranges are spread over Afghanistan in the west and Bangladesh in the east across Pakistan, India, Nepal and Bhutan. These mountains are a boon to the socioeconomic growth of this region as they control the climate, w...

Pollution and environmental hazards are the major threat to the security of blue economy in the maritime sector. Pollution and environmental hazards due to natural and anthropogenic reasons, are the major forcing agents against the holistic security in the maritime sector. Natural including geological events can cause severe environmental hazards t...

Formation of the Bay of Bengal is linked to the opening of the Indian Ocean and covers an entire offshore region of Bangladesh wherein the geological processes and tectonic activities in the Bengal Basin have greatly influenced in enriching the Bay of Bengal. Spreading and creation of new seafloor of the Bay of Bengal have continued with the Indian...

Evidences derived from petrotectonic assemblages strongly support that early crust of SW Borneo has evolved from depleted basaltic to enriched andesitic composition of intra-oceanic subduction melts. Tectonic model suggests that early crust of SW Borneo has undergone delamination and sinking through spontaneous instability due to rupture and result...

Earthquakes occur in and around active lithospheric-plate margins that are located both in diverging and converging plate-settings. New fault rupture or old active fault reactivation can cause ground shaking, land deformation, land subsidence, landslides, and mass avalanches. The relevant locations of major risk centres around the world are well kn...

Cimmerian plate comprising of Anatolides, Taurides, Alborz, Central Iran, East Iran Belt (EIB), Central Afganistan, South Pamir, Pontides and Lesser Caucasus blocks, are tectogenetically associated with wrenching, detachment faults and Riedel shears. Among the blocks those affected by wrench tectonics, detachment faults and Riedel shears are seismi...

Two major causes of global sea level rise such as thermal expansion of the oceans and the loss of land-based ice for increased melting have been claimed by some researchers and recognized by the IPCC. However, other climate threat investigators revealed that atmosphere–ocean modeling is an imperfect representation, paleo-data consist of proxy clima...

Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) is widely used geophysical technique in soft rock groundwater exploration. The traditional approach of curve matching in deciphering number of layers and corresponding resistivity values simply filters out the anomalous VES signatures those are intrinsically associated with various geoenvironmental state of arts....

Structurally SW Sarawak basin is a southward sloping basement characterized by passive margin tectonic that has undergone through varioius tectonic phases viz., Triassic extension, Cretaceous transpression and Oligo-Miocene compression. Rock types and sedimentation of deeper basin zone situated between Schwaner mountains block to the south and SW S...

Genesis of the so-called Bentong–Raub Suture of Malay Peninsula does not fit to the model of subduction-related collision. It has evolved from transpression tectonics resulting closure and exhumation of the basin which underwent extensive back-arc extension during Triassic. Crust having similar thickness (average 35 km) below entire Malay Peninsul...

Genesis of the so-called Bentong-Raub Suture of Malay Peninsula does not fit to the model of subduction-related collision. It has evolved from transpression tectonics resulting closure and exhumation of the inland basin which underwent extensive back-arc extension during Triassic. Crust having similar thickness (average ∼35 km) below entire Malay P...

Geophysical characterization of the subsurface by shallow seismic and electrical resistivity in conjunction with the geological conditions can provide more realistic information on earthquake hazard vulnerability assessment. Earthquake hazard vulnerability assessment requires not only the knowledge of earthquake source and propagation of seismic wa...

The 2015 Mount Kinabalu Earthquake of Sabah Malaysia in Borneo Island occurred in an inactive rather missing tectonic plate margin is definitely an indication of ongoing thermo-tectonic activities in the crust-upper mantle boundary in the region. Thermo-tectonic processes are attributed to convective upwelling beneath the continental lithosphere, t...

Seismic waves precipitate in an earthquake is generated due to 'physical jolt'/ 'fault rupture 'and propagate in an elastic-plastic domain through the earth crust. Seismic waves, thus generated, contain all the seismic phase viz., P-, Sand nd Surface wave; and are recorded in broad-band seismographs. The seismic records/seismograms are used to dete...

Indian Peninsula emerged as a result of assembly of several cratons viz., Aravalli–Bundelkhand (Rajasthan), Dharwar along with the Southern Granulite Province, Bastar, Singhbhum and Meghalaya formed as cratonic neucleiaround 3.0 Ga. All these cratons were formed as three independent groups and stabilized around 2.5 Ga. These cratons lived through p...

Geodynamic status, seismo-tectonic environment, and geophysical signatures of the Bay of Bengal do not support the occurrence of seismogenic tsunami. Since thrust fault and its intensity and magnitude of rupture are the key tectonic elements of tsunamigenic seismic sources, the study reveals that such characteristics of fault-rupture and seismic so...

The Bengal basin is located at the junction of the Indian craton to its west, the Shillong plateau and the Himalayas to the north, and the Indo-Burman ranges to the east. The basin is open to the Bay of Bengal to the south. Formed at the Indian passive margin by crustal loading during the Himalayan collision, this basin is filled by synorogenic Cen...

This study investigated the relationship between near-surface lithology and the spatial variability of As concentrations using sediment grain-size analysis and electromagnetic induction survey in the southeast Bangladesh. It has been observed that the aquifers overlain by finer sediments have higher concentrations of As in groundwater, whereas As c...

Tectogenesis of the eastern collision margin of the Indian plate is closely related to geodynamics and the nature of subduction. The oblique convergence and the anticlockwise rotation of the Indian plate have resulted in crustal and sub­ crustal segmentation of the converging plate having right-slip component to compensate the plate rotation. It is...

Geological risk management depends on the understanding of the underlying geological processes and their control on various geohazards. The significant responsibilities are post-crisis analysis with scenario formulation to develop strategies to mitigate the impact of future events and preparation of coordinated risk assessments for regions vulnerab...

Arsenic in the groundwater of Bangladesh is a serious natural calamity and a public health hazard. Most groundwater from the shallow alluvial aquifers (<150 m), particularly in the Holocene plain lands, are vulnerable to As-enrichment. Delta plains and flood plains of the Ganges–Brahmaputra river system are moderately to severely enriched and more...

The query wires the geoenvironmental status of the Bengal delta, especially the physico-chemical status of the Holocene sedimentation. Fluvio-deltaic Holocene sediments have developed potential groundwater aquifer system in the Bengal delta. Groundwater contamination by arsenic bas emerged as one of the most serious health hazard. The occurrence an...

The Quaternary sediments and groundwater of the Bengal delta are contaminated by arsenic, a naturally occurring toxic element. 'The results presented here indicate that arsenic is released from sediments by the acid formation. The activity is indicated by the decrease in pH value from 7.2 to 7~ due to the role played by bacteria that acted on the p...

The Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) delta is an extreme example of a deltaic coastal region vulnerable to natural disasters like earthquake, differential subsidence and shortening, arsenic contamination in groundwater, saltwater intrusion, storms surges, and flooding. The sea level changes during the Quaternary period have major bearing on the geoh...

The Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) delta is an extreme example of a deltaic coastal region vulnerable to natural disasters like earthquake, differential subsidence and shortening, arsenic contamination in groundwater, salt-water intrusion, storms surges, and flooding.The prograding nature of the delta has been intervened with sea transgression num...

Tectogenesis of the eastern collision margin of the Indian plate is closely related to geodynamics and nature of its subduction. The oblique convergence and the anticlockwise rotation of the Indian plate have resulted in crustal and sub-crustal segmentation of the converging plate with right-slip component to compensate for the plate rotation. Sedi...

The nature and the distribution of the earthquake events in different seismic zones of the country are intrinsically related to various tectonic elements. The increased frequency of earthquake events in Bangladesh in the last 30 years suggests reviving tectonic activity. In case of severe earthquake and increased probability of earthquakes the risk...

A clay (carbonate mud) layer of about 110 m thick occurs immediate below the arsenic contaminated aquifer zones and the geological evidences suggest for the clay to occur almost throughout the delta plain at variable depths. The clay is illitic in nature having three layers clay crystals like smectite. The dominant elemental constituents are Si, O,...

The Bengal Delta has undergone a major marine transgression during Holocene period engulfing a vast region of the delta with the supra-tidal zone extending to about 300 km land interior from the present day coast line. Carbonate mud of about 110 m thick occur 40 m below the ground level. Genesis of the carbonate mud is attributed to the deposition...

Seismological data of the events that took place in the Bengal Basin during 1918 to 1989 have revealed an increased frequency of earthquakes in the last 30 years. The increase in seismic activity is an indication of fresh tectonic activity or propagation of fractures from the adjacent seismic zones.The tectonic trend TT3 as determined from the tect...

The surface configuration of the north Ganges floodplain, covering the region Godagari, Rajshahi (Paba-Boalia), Durgapur, Puthia and Charghat has been determined. The central region of the investigated area shows some prominent north-south elongated elevated zones and an east-west elongated depressed zone. The rest of the investigated area is marke...

The observed Bouguer gravity anomalies along two profiles across the platform flank and foredeep (Faridpur trough) situated in the western part of the Bengal basin have been analysed in terms of their corresponding plausible crustal models. The energy density spectra of these anomaly profiles provide the average depths of the anomalous sources lyin...

The total Bouguer anomaly values of the northwestern part of Bangladesh have been analysed on the basis of the trend, shape and magnitude of the anomaly values. Residual gravity and the second vertical derivatives of gravity show only two near-surface features, viz. the Nilphamari and Rangpur highs. Geological models of the two highs have been cons...