Adriano Pimentel

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Verified

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• PhD in Volcanology
• Research Associate (Investigador Auxiliar) at University of the Azores

The AD 1761 eruption on Terceira was the only historical subaerial event on the island and one of the last recorded in the Azores. The eruption occurred along the fissure zone that crosses the island and produced a trachybasalt lava flow and scoria cones. Small comenditic trachyte lava domes (known as Mistérios Negros) were also thought by some to...

The ~1000-years BP eruption of Caldeira Volcano (Faial Island) was one of the last major explosive events recorded in the Azores. It produced a complex succession of pyroclastic deposits, known as the C11, divided into three members. At the base is the Brejo Member, a sequence of fine to coarse-grained parallel-bedded ash layers found in the NW sec...

Ignimbrites are relatively uncommon on ocean island volcanoes and yet they constitute a significant portion of the stratigraphy of Terceira Island (Azores). The Lajes-Angra Ignimbrite Formation (ca. 25 cal ka BP) contains the youngest ignimbrites on Terceira and records two ignimbrite-forming eruptions of Pico Alto volcano that occurred closely spa...

A multidisciplinary approach combining petrological, geochemical, and fluid-inclusion studies with seismic monitoring data was used to build a model of the magma feeding system of Pico volcano (Azores islands, North Atlantic Ocean). We explore how magma has ascended to the surface in the last 10 ka and how this ascent is associated with the selecti...

Many volcanoes have the ability to impact human infrastructure with explosive activity and understanding the processes of magma generation and conditions of storage in these systems remains a priority. The Sete Cidades volcano on the island of São Miguel, Azores archipelago is exactly such a volcano lying only 12 km from the island’s capital city o...

The Azores region plays a crucial role as a pathway for precipitation fronts traversing the North Atlantic from west to east, driven by the prevailing westerly winds. Variations in the strength of the Azores High affect the dynamics of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), leading to latitudinal shifts in the trajectory of the westerlies and jet st...

Archaeological sites in Northwest Africa are rich in human fossils and artefacts providing proxies for behavioural and evolutionary studies. However, these records are difficult to underpin on a precise chronology, which can prevent robust assessments of the drivers of cultural/behavioural transitions. Past investigations have revealed that numerou...

Understanding the signatures and mechanisms of failed volcanic eruptions is vital for mapping magma plumbing systems and forecasting volcanic hazards. Geological structures like fractures and faults are key to guiding magma, but their mechanisms remain unclear due to limited 3-D mapping of faults in volcanic regions and sufficiently precise earthqu...

Volcanic clouds pose significant threats to air traffic, human health, and economic activity, making early detection and monitoring crucial. Accurate determination of eruptive source parameters is crucial for forecasting and implementing preventive measures. This review article aims to identify the most common remote sensing methods for monitoring...

The location of the Azores Archipelago makes this group of islands an excellent setting for investigating past long-term temperature and precipitation changes in the central North Atlantic region. Here, we present a chironomid-based quantitative temperature reconstruction and a record of oxygen isotope composition of chironomid head capsules for th...

Volcano observatories (VOs) around the world are required to maintain surveillance of their volcanoes and inform civil protection and aviation authorities about impending eruptions. They often work through consolidated procedures to respond to volcanic crises in a timely manner and provide a service to the community aimed at reducing the potential...

An electron microprobe study was carried out on olivine, clinopyroxene, and oxy-spinel occurring in basalts and dunite xenoliths from the archipelagos of the Azores, the Canary Islands, and Cape Verde. By comparing our results with previously published data from the volcanic islands of Macaronesia, we confirmed the validity of the compositions of o...

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Plain Language Summary Every year, hundreds to thousands of small near‐Earth objects, known as meteoroids, enter Earth's atmosphere. Their hypersonic entry speed and break‐up can generate flashes known as fireballs and associated shockwaves that can reach the ground. However, it is only the largest objects breaking up above populated areas that we...

Small meteoroids that enter Earth's atmosphere often go unnoticed; their detection and characterisation rely on human observations, introducing observational biases in space and time. Acoustic shockwaves from meteoroid ablation convert to infrasound and seismic energy, enabling fireball detection using seismoacoustic methods. We analysed an unrepor...

Volcano Observatories (VOs) around the world are required to maintain surveillance of their volcanoes and inform civil protection and aviation authorities about impending eruptions. They often work through consolidated procedures to respond to volcanic crises in a timely manner and provide a service to the community aimed at reducing the potential...

Terceira in the Azores archipelago is one of the most geologically diverse islands of the Atlantic Ocean and its geodiversity is due to the close relationship between tectonics and magmatism. This strong interaction is translated by the presence of large central volcanoes with calderas and a WNW-ESE-trending fissure zone that crosses them. The acti...

The stratigraphy and eruptive history of a volcanic system are key to forecast the timing and style of future eruptions. Flores is a small volcanic island in the Azores Archipelago with no record of eruptions since its settlement in the 15th century, although at least six eruptions are known to have occurred during the Holocene. Thus, Flores must b...

To investigate unexplored areas and apply methodologies suitable for monitoring volcanic activity, a pioneer study was undertaken in the crater lagoon of Vila Franca do Campo Islet to identify possible CO 2 degassing zones in the marine environment. This study was carried out using a floating accumulation chamber, which to the best of our knowledge...

Monogenetic volcanoes occur in many different geotectonic settings and are usually small and short-lived. They can experience a variety of eruptive styles, even during the same eruption. In monogenetic volcanic fields, volcanism usually migrates to different locations over time, making volcanic hazard assessment very challenging. The eruptive histo...

Lake sedimentary archives from volcanic regions frequently contain a rich and continuous record of tephra layers, providing a critical source of information to reconstruct a most complete eruptive history of neighbouring volcanic centres. Lake sediments from volcanic islands are particularly useful as the typical small size of these islands and the...

Tephra fall is among the set of hazardous phenomena associated with volcanic activity that can impact water resources and services. The aim of this paper is to characterize the potential impacts of tephra fall on the groundwater-fed water supply system of Ponta Delgada (São Miguel, Azores) by comparing two scenarios of explosive eruptions. Vulnerab...

The island of São Miguel (Azores) comprises three active trachytic volcanic centres (Sete Cidades, Fogo, Furnas), separated by two basaltic fissure zones (the Picos and Congro basaltic fissure systems). The explosive eruption of a felsic magma within the Congro basaltic fissure system at ~ 3.8 ka, alongside the apparent cessation of basaltic volcan...

Several essential nutrients such as Fe, Co, Cu, I, Se, and Zn are vital to grazing cattle as they play a significant role in intracellular enzyme systems, with antioxidant and repair functions of DNA lesions. Feeds may supply most essential nutrients in adequate amounts. However, essential nutrient deficiencies are common and are mainly related to...

Lacustrine sequences from active volcanic settings usually hold a rich and continuous record of tephra layers, providing a critical source of information to reconstruct a most complete eruptive history of a region. Lake sedimentary records on volcanic islands are particularly useful as the typical small size of these islands and their steep subaeri...

For archeomagnetic dating, high‐quality directional and intensity paleosecular variation curves are needed. The Azores Archipelago in the mid‐Atlantic Ocean provides a wealth of volcanic products erupted during the Holocene, making it an ideal location to (1) gather paleomagnetic data from well dated lava flows and (2) construct a paleosecular vari...

The Azores are an active volcanic region that offers exceptional conditions for nature-based tourism, one of the main axes of economic growth in the archipelago. A future volcanic eruption may have long-term consequences to this economic sector. Therefore, it is fundamental to assess its vulnerability to volcanic hazards in order to try to mitigate...

The Azores is an active volcanic region that offers exceptional conditions for nature-based tourism, one of the main axes of economic growth in this region. A future volcanic eruption in the archipelago may have long-term consequences to this economic sector. Therefore, it is fundamental to assess its vulnerability to volcanic hazards in order to t...

Ocean island volcanoes are exceptional geological features that rise from the seafloor. They are small windows in the vast oceans that allow an indirect look into the otherwise inaccessible Earth's interior. The genesis of ocean island volcanoes is intrinsically related to their geodynamic setting and magma-supply rate over time (Menard and Ladd, 1...

It is well known that explosive volcanic eruptions pose serious hazards to local communities and may have worldwide impacts. However, the products of explosive eruptions on volcanic ocean islands are almost inevitably incompletely preserved as a significant portion of the erupted material is deposited into the ocean, thereby impeding our ability to...

Volcanic soils cover only approximately 1% of the Earth's surface, yet they support 10% of the world's population due to their inherent fertility. However, deep magmatic processes may lead to depletion of certain elements in volcanic rocks. The imbalance of essential elements, such as cobalt, in soil parent materials can affect the health of plants...

Ocean island volcanoes are dynamic geological structures. Their shape changes rapidly as they evolve through complex interactions among eruptions, magma intrusions, tectonics, mass wasting and subaerial erosion. The central volcanoes of the Azores islands (North Atlantic Ocean) show a wide variety of morphologies, ranging from conical edifices to i...

Explosive eruptions are understood as complex natural phenomena capable of causing significant socioeconomic and climatic impact. During Plinian or sub-Plinian eruptions tephra is ejected into the atmosphere and dispersed by the wind, sometimes threatening human lives and infrastructures. Fogo Volcano (São Miguel Island) is one of the most hazardou...

Active volcanic regions, such as the Azores islands, offer exceptional conditions that favor the development of nature-based activities, such as tourism, one of the main priorities of economic growth of this region. A future volcanic event here may have important consequences in this sector. Therefore, it is fundamental to assess its vulnerability...

The Santa Bárbara trachytic eruption (~16 ka) was one of the major eruptions of the Sete Cidades Volcano (São Miguel Island, Azores), recording the last stage of caldera formation. Here we report and combine geochemical, mineralogical and petrological constraints on natural samples with time-series experiments to describe the pre-eruptive condition...

A synthetic model is presented to enlarge the evolutionary framework of the General Dynamic Model (GDM) and of the Glacial Sensitive Model (GSM) of oceanic island biogeography from the terrestrial to the marine realm. The proposed “Sea-Level Sensitive” dynamic model (SLS) of marine island biogeography integrates historical and ecological biogeograp...

Supplementary Information file from: ÁVILA, S.P., C. MELO, N. SÁ, R. QUARTAU, K. RIJSDIJK, R.S. RAMALHO, B. BERNING, R. CORDEIRO, N.C. de SÁ, A. PIMENTEL, L. BAPTISTA, A. MEDEIROS, A. GIL & M.E. JOHNSON, 2019. Towards a “Sea-Level Sensitive Marine Island Biogeography” model: the impact of glacio-eustatic oscillations in global marine island biogeog...

Sete Cidades is an active yet dormant central volcano located in the westernmost part of São Miguel Island (Azores archipelago), characterized by a 5-km-wide multi-stage caldera formed in the last 36 ka. In this work, we present new stratigraphic, grain size, petrographic, and geochemical data of the 16 ka Santa Bárbara Formation, related to the la...

High-resolution bathymetric data and seafloor sampling were used to characterize the most recent volcanic eruption in the Azores region, the 1998–2001 Serreta submarine eruption. The vent of the eruption is proposed to be an asymmetric topographic high, composed of two coalescing volcanic cones, underlying the location where lava balloons had been...

Sete Cidades is the westernmost central volcano on São Miguel island, Azores. Although currently dormant, it has been the most active volcano in the past 20 kyr. The largest eruption took place approx. 16 kyr ago and enlarged the summit caldera. The related deposits consist of unwelded pyroclastic density current (PDC) deposits on most flanks of th...

Ignimbrites are relatively uncommon on ocean island volcanoes and yet they are found on three islands of the Azores. Terceira has a stratigraphic record of at least seven major ignimbrite-bearing formations dated between 86 and 21 ka, which makes it the Azorean island with the greatest erupted volume of ignimbrite. These ignimbrite formations can r...

Fogo volcano is located in the central part of S. Miguel Island (Azores) and is an active central volcano with summit caldera partly occupied by a lake. Similarly to the other two active central volcanoes on the island, also with summit calderas and lakes, the recent eruptive history of Fogo volcano (last 5 ky) is dominated by explosive eruptions o...

The assessment of volcanic hazards in oceanic islands with active volcanoes is vital for land management and emergency planning. The volcanic history of São Miguel shows that it is the most active island of the Azores, with the highest eruptive frequency of subplinian and plinian events, counting at least 33 explosive eruptions in the last 5000 yea...

We present new evidence that shows magma mingling can be a key process during highly explosive eruptions. Using fractal analysis of the size distribution of trachybasaltic fragments found on the inner walls of bubbles in trachytic pumices, we show that the more mafic component underwent fracturing during quenching against the trachyte. We propose a...

The recent (< 100 ka) volcanic stratigraphy of Terceira, Azores, includes at least seven peralkaline trachytic ignimbrite formations, attesting to a history of explosive eruptions. In this study, the petrogenesis and pre-eruptive storage conditions of the ignimbrite-forming magmas are investigated via whole-rock major and trace element geochemistry...

The Lajes Ignimbrite on Terceira Island (Azores) records the last major pyroclastic density current-forming eruption of Pico Alto Volcano that occurred ca. 21kyrs ago. This comenditic trachyte ignimbrite contains up to 30vol% of crystals, mostly anorthoclase. Geochemical investigation of the products collected throughout two key outcrops reveals th...

Outreach article (in Portuguese) published in the newspaper Jornal i / in collaboration with Ciência Viva / Saberás Tu... section of August 6, 2016. Artigo de divulgação científica publicado na rúbrica "Saberás Tu...", em colaboração com o programa Ciência Viva, do jornal diário "Jornal i" de 6 de Agosto de 2016.

Furnas is one of three active central volcanoes on São Miguel Island, Azores, and is considered to be one of the most hazardous in the archipelago. In this study, the pre-eruptive magma plumbing system of the 10 young (<5 ka), intra-caldera, sub-Plinian, trachytic eruptions of the Upper Furnas Group (UFG) is investigated via whole rock major and tr...

The island of Terceira (38.5° N, 27.2° W) in the Azores Archipelago boasts a wealth of well-dated recent volcanic products; it is therefore the ideal location to improve the resolution of the full-vector geomagnetic field record for the Mid-Atlantic Ocean. We investigated 21 (sub-)sites sampled from ten different cooling units; six of these cooling...

The Azores archipelago has an extensive stratigraphic record of pyroclastic density current-forming eruptions. Such eruptions typically occur on active central volcanoes and are associated with paroxysmal events of caldera formation. This work focuses on two contrasting pyroclastic density current-forming episodes on the islands of Faial and Tercei...

São Miguel Island comprises five active volcanic systems, including three central volcanoes with calderas and two basaltic fissure systems. Volcanic eruptions in São Miguel are of basaltic and trachytic nature (s.l.), including Hawaiian, Strombolian, sub-Plinian, Plinian and Vulcanian events, the more explosive ones frequently including hydromagmat...

Outreach article (in Portuguese) published in the newspaper Açoriano Oriental / Revista Açores' UAciência section of May 3, 2015. Artigo de divulgação científica publicado na rúbrica "UACiência" da "Revista Açores" do jornal diário "Açoriano Oriental" de 3 de Maio de 2015.

The mafic magmatism of the last 50 ka on Terceira Island, Azores archipelago, occurred along three segments of the fissure zone that crosses the island. The two subaerial segments developed with different trends over pre-existing, quiescent or extinct, central volcanoes. The Serreta submarine ridge is the offshore segment of the fissure zone which...

Terceira Island, in the Azores Archipelago, lies at the intersection of four submarine volcanic ridges. New high-resolution bathymetric and seismic reflection data have been used to analyze the main volcanic, tectonic and mass-wasting features of the island offshore. Volcanic features such as linear volcanic centers, and pointy and flat-topped cone...

Lajes-Angra Ignimbrite (LAI) is the most recent (around 21 ka) caldera-forming event produced by Pico Alto volcano at Terceira Island (Azores). Lajes-Angra Ignimbrite Formation comprises two members closely spaced in time: Lajes and Angra. The Lajes member, the most widely distributed throughout the island, was sampled at two sites: 1) at Lajes (ty...

Furnas volcano is a nested caldera complex on São Miguel island, Azores. The magmatic system of Furnas was investigated via whole-rock major and trace element geochemistry, mineral chemistry and thermobarometry. Three distinct stages in the recent (< 30 ka) history of Furnas volcano were targeted; the outer caldera-forming Povoação Ignimbrite Forma...

The ~1 ka eruption of Caldeira Volcano (C11 eruption) on Faial Island was the last caldera-forming event in the Azores archipelago. This explosive eruption produced widespread pyroclastics (erupted volume of ~0.2 km3) that affected much of the small island of Faial and was responsible for collapse of the ~2 km-wide summit caldera. Here, we describe...

Faial is one of the most volcanically active islands of the Azores Archipelago. Historical eruptions occurred on the Capelo Peninsula (westernmost sector of the island) during A.D. 1672–1673 and more recently in A.D. 1957–1958. The other exposed volcanic products of the peninsula are so far loosely dated within the Holocene. Here, we present a succ...

The relationships between tectonics and hotspot-related magmatism in transform/ transtensive settings are poorly known. The Azores archipelago, lying where the transform plate boundary between the Nubian and Eurasian plates meets the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, is a rare site to investigate these relationships. The distinct tectono-magmatic features of Fai...

Furnas, São Miguel, Azores is an oceanic-island caldera volcano characterised by mafic to silicic, metaluminous to peralkaline magmas, and a range of eruption styles that imply significant variation in pre- and syn-eruptive processes. Here, we investigate these processes and provide insights into the magma plumbing system of Furnas by targeting sel...

High-resolution morpho-bathymetric data at 1:200,000 scale obtained during the FAIVI cruise (2011) and the resulting geomorphologic map of the Terceira island offshore area (central Azores, Portugal) are presented for the first time. The uneven morphology around Terceira is primarily related to volcanic features, such as linear and cone-shaped erup...

The nine oceanic islands that comprise the Azores archipelago are located in the middle of the northern Atlantic Ocean. In this isolated archipelago, there is a rich fossil record in one of the islands, Santa Maria. In this island, samples were collected in the Upper Miocene composite section of Malbusca outcrop, located in the southern shore of th...

The Azores Islands are located on the triple junction involving Eurasian, Nubian and North American plates. Faial is the nearest island to the Atlantic Ridge and one of the most active, with the 1957-58 Capelinhos eruption and the 1998 earthquake. Faial consists of three main structural features: a well exposed graben structure (eastern sector), a...

Terceira is an active volcanic island with offshore eruptions recorded in the 19th and 20th centuries. It is constructed by three main volcanic centres aligned along a NW-SE-trending fissure zone. Eruptions from vents along this main fissure zone are a persistent feature in the island's history, including the two recent offshore eruptions in 1867 a...

The 1000 year-old eruption of the Caldeira volcano (Faial Island, Azores) generated extensive pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) and was responsible for the subsidence of the 2-km-wide summit caldera. The stratigraphic sequence of this eruption has been studied in detail and emplacement temperatures of PDCs have been estimated by paleomagnetic ana...

Terceira Island in the Azores archipelago is a remarkable example of effusive felsic volcanism. It is located in a geodynamic setting dominated by the WNW-ESE slow-spreading Terceira Rift that separates the Eurasian and Nubia plates, east of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Terceira differs from the other islands of the archipelago for the abundance of pera...

Ignimbrites are relatively rare on mid-oceanic volcanic islands, but they occur on at least three of the nine Azorean islands—São Miguel, Faial, and Terceira. Ignimbrites on Terceira, which are mostly comenditic trachyte in composition, constitute a signifi cant portion of the island’s volcanic stratigraphy exposed primarily in cliff sections along...

Pyroclastic density currents are hot mixtures of volcanic particles and gas that flow at high speed along the topography. They are the most hazardous and destructive volcanic phenomena, responsible for thousands of fatalities over the last centuries. It is therefore essential to assessment the areas susceptible of being affected and the impact on p...

São Miguel, the biggest island of the Azores archipelago, accommodates three presently quiescent central volcanoes (Sete Cidades, Fogo, Furnas), connected by basaltic fissure systems. Sete Cidades volcano, located in the western part of the island, is nearly 900 m asl high, has a basal diameter of approx. 15 km (at sea level), and hosts a summit ca...

The syn-eruptive and post-eruptive history of São Roque tuff cone, its geological setting and volcanological features were studied in detail to understand the role played by the different factors that contributed to the morphological evolution of this relatively simple and small volcanic edifice. In addition, attention was also focused on the serie...

The Azores archipelago lies in the junction of the North-American, African and Eurasian lithospheric plates. The geodynamical setting is therefore complex and, consequently this area is affected by intense seismic and volcanic activity. This study addressed the coastal geology of four Azorean islands: Santa Maria, Graciosa, Flores and Corvo. The co...

The dynamics of explosive volcanic activity at Sete Cidades Volcano (S. Miguel, Azores) were analyzed by using multiphase flow simulations. Sete Cidades, located on the western end of S. Miguel Island, is an active central volcano truncated by an approximately circular caldera of about 5 km in diameter, with steep walls ranging up to 500 m high. In...