Adrian Dumitru

• MD, PhD
• Researcher at Spitalul Universitar de Urgenţă Bucureşti

Introduction Glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive primary brain tumor, poses a significant challenge in predicting patient survival due to its heterogeneity and resistance to treatment. Accurate survival prediction is essential for optimizing treatment strategies and improving clinical outcomes. Methods This study utilized metadata from 135 GBM...

Background/Objectives: Pontine cavernomas are rare and challenging vascular malformations, representing a critical subset of brainstem lesions due to their deep location and proximity to essential neural structures. When hemorrhagic, these lesions can cause rapid neurological deterioration, posing life-threatening risks. Management requires a delic...

Hair loss is a widespread issue affecting both men and women, with significant aesthetic and psychological impacts. This study aimed to evaluate various hair restoration treatments, assess patient satisfaction, and identify the correlations between treatment types, treatment duration, and outcomes. We conducted a retrospective observational study o...

Introduction Liposarcomas are malignant soft tissue tumours with heterogeneous features and variable prognosis. Each entity comprised in this group displays distinct morphology and harbours specific genetic alterations, which correlate with clinical behaviour and therapy response. The aim of this study is to analyse the clinical and histopathologic...

Background and Objectives: Peripheral nerve defect regeneration is subject to ongoing research regarding the use of conduits associated with various cells or molecules. This article aims to correlate histopathological and clinical outcomes at the end of a 12-week experiment performed on a rat sciatic nerve model and show which repair method has the...

The convergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and neuroscience is redefining our understanding of the brain, unlocking new possibilities in research, diagnosis, and therapy. This review explores how AI’s cutting-edge algorithms—ranging from deep learning to neuromorphic computing—are revolutionizing neuroscience by enabling the analysis of comple...

Peritoneal cancer (PPC), a rare and aggressive malignancy, can develop from the peritoneal lining or as a secondary peritoneal cancer caused by metastases from neighbouring organs such as the ovaries, gastrointestinal tract, or breast. Early identification is still difficult due to its ambiguous signs, ranging from bloating, distension, and stomach...

This review aims to address the significant challenges of treating central nervous system (CNS) disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases, strokes, spinal cord injuries, and brain tumors. These disorders are difficult to manage due to the complexity of disease mechanisms and the protective blood–brain barrier (BBB), which restricts drug delivery...

Biomarkers in colorectal cancer (CRC) are of great interest in the current literature due to improvements in techniques such as liquid biopsy and next-generation sequencing (NGS). However, screening methods vary globally, with multi-target stool DNA (mt-sDNA) predominantly used in the USA and, more recently, the Cologuard Plus; biomarkers such as t...

In this retrospective unicentric study, we analyzed the medical records of 11 patients who were surgically treated for CNS lymphoma, both primary and secondary, between 2009 and 2024. Given the rarity of CNS lymphomas and their diverse signs and symptoms based on tumoral location, our aim was to describe key aspects, such as clinical presentations...

This case report delves into the case of a 56-year-old female patient presenting with progressive cephalalgia syndrome, nausea, vomiting, and gait disorders, diagnosed with a high-grade thalamic glioma. Glioma is the most common form of central nervous system (CNS) neoplasm that originates from glial cells. Gliomas are diffusely infiltrative tumors...

This case report presents an exceedingly rare instance of skull base chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) managed surgically. Chondromyxoid fibromas are very rare tumors (<1% of benign bone tumors), the occurrence in the skull area being even more rare. The location of tumors at the skull base makes their surgical resection extremely challenging, usually re...

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a reputable complication of arthroplasty surgery. Septic loosening is an implant biofilm-related infection with different characteristics and treatment than aseptic loosening. Misdiagnosing PJI results in choosing an inappropriate treatment and, in most cases, failure to achieve asepsis. The worldwide increas...

This review offers an in-depth examination of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), addressing its epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic techniques, and current as well as emerging treatments. The purpose is to condense key findings and illustrate the complexity of ALS, which is shaped by both genetic and environmental inf...

Diagnosing cutaneous melanomas relies mainly on histopathological analysis, which, in selected cases, can be aided by immunohistochemical evaluation of conventional melanocytic markers. Nevertheless, these malignancies, particularly in metastatic settings, may display divergent differentiation with unusual histological and immunohistochemical featu...

Liposarcomas are some of the most challenging soft tissue tumors and are subclassified into multiple subtypes with special histologic and molecular features. The peculiarities of each histopathological subtype influence the clinical behavior, management, and treatment of these neoplasms. For instance, well-differentiated liposarcomas are common sof...

The development of the optic nerve and its surrounding tissues during the early fetal period is a convoluted period because it spans both the organogenesis period and the fetal period. This study details the microscopic anatomy and histoembryology of the optic nerve in embryos during the early fetal period, including the second half of the first tr...

Background: Due to the rapid development of new diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic techniques, there has been a gap between their development and implementation in daily practice, as well as in their uptake in guideline recommendations 1. We investigated the effectiveness of spectral focused imaging (SFI), a new optical chromoendoscopy system (S...

Intermediate-thickness melanomas display highly variable outcomes influenced by both clinical and histopathological characteristics. This study investigates several clinicopathological prognostic factors for pT3 cutaneous melanomas, focusing on a novel parameter, the width of invasion. This is a retrospective study of 49 patients diagnosed with cut...

Primary vaginal sarcoma is an extremely rare malignant condition within the field of gynecological pathologies. We present the case of a 53-year old patient with no history of gynecological issues or associated comorbidities who presented to our clinic with recurrent vaginal bleeding during menopause. We want to emphasize the importance of diagnost...

"Lynch syndrome, also known as hereditary non-polyposis cancer syndrome, represents the most common autosomal dominant genetic predisposition for the early onset development of several malignancies. Nearly three decades ago, the discovery of microsatellite instability, a distinctive feature of pathogenic variants within genes encoding mismatch repa...

Thick cutaneous melanomas (Breslow depth > 4 mm) are locally advanced tumors, generally associated with poor prognosis. Nevertheless, these tumors sometimes display unpredictable behavior. This study aims to analyze clinical and histopathological features that can influence the prognosis of thick melanomas. This is a retrospective study on 94 thick...

Breast cancer represents a paramount global health challenge, warranting intensified exploration of the molecular underpinnings influencing its progression to facilitate the development of precise diagnostic instruments and customized therapeutic regimens. Historically, the Golgi apparatus has been acknowledged for its primary role in protein sorti...

Pancreatic heterotopy is a rare entity defined as the presence of abnormally located pancreatic tissue without any anatomical or vascular connection to the normal pancreas. Heterotopic pancreatic tissue can be found in various regions of the digestive system, such as the stomach, duodenum, and upper jejunum, with the less commonly reported location...

CD30, also known as TNFRSF8 (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 8), is a protein receptor that is heavily glycosylated inside the Golgi apparatus, as well as a tumor marker that is found on the surface of specific cells in the body, including certain immune cells and cancer ones. This review aims to shed light on the critical importa...

Diagnosing cutaneous melanoma is usually straightforward based on these malignancies’ histopathological and immunohistochemical features. Nevertheless, melanomas can imitate various other neoplasms, sometimes lacking the expression of conventional melanocytic markers and expressing non-melanocytic ones. Furthermore, divergent differentiation is mor...

Dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the deep soft tissue of the lower extremities is an infrequent finding. Myxoid liposarcoma is considered the most common soft tissue neoplasia arising in this anatomic region. Divergent differentiation usually occurs within well-differentiated liposarcoma and is exceedingly rare in a myxoid liposarcoma. We report a 3...

Background and objectives: Capillary hemangiomas are rare, benign vascular tumors that mainly affect the skin and soft tissue, with scarce appearance within the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses. Materials and methods: We present a case report of capillary hemangioma of the sphenoid sinus and a review of the literature in the last ten years. Res...

Cutaneous melanoma is one of the most aggressive types of cancer and often proves fatal in metastatic stages. Few treatment options are available, and its global incidence is quickly increasing. In order to gain an improved understanding of the molecular features regarding melanoma progression, we have compared gene and small non-coding RNA express...

The human eyelid embodies a vast diversity of functions. Acting as a protective shield for the ocular apparatus and as a light regulator in the sight process, eyelids stand a fascinating – yet omitted – role in facial aesthetics, serving as a racial trait by which humankind succeeded to manifest heterogeneity as a species. These assumptions are pre...

The natural differences between human-made electronics and biological tissues constitute a huge challenge in materials and the manufacturing of next-generation bioelectronics. As such, we performed a series of consecutive experiments for testing the biofunctionality and biocompatibility for device implantation, by changing the exterior chemical and...

The purpose of this article was to analyze bone metastases as being the most common site of recurrence of breast cancer. Bone metastases secondary to breast cancer have a negative impact on patient survival, mobility and quality of life. In addition, the clinical complications of bone cancer metastases of breast cancer are associated with a signifi...

Second harmonic generation microscopy (SHG) is generally acknowledged as a powerful tool for the label-free three-dimensional visualization of tissues and advanced materials, with one of its most popular applications being collagen imaging. Despite the great need, progress in super-resolved SHG imaging lags behind the developments reported over the...

Ovarian cancer is considered one of the most aggressive and deadliest gynecological malignancies worldwide. Unfortunately, the therapeutic methods that are considered the gold standard at this moment are associated with frequent recurrences. Survival in ovarian cancer is associated with the presence of a high number of intra tumor infiltrating lymp...

Metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) is a rare, aggressive form of breast cancer first described by pathologists in 2000. It is usually discovered in advanced stages and has a low survival rate. It is divided into various subtypes: low- grade adenosquamous, fibromatosis-like metaplastic, squamous cell, spindle cell, metaplastic with mesenchymal differen...

"Due to its scarcity, the basosquamous carcinoma represents a challenging pathology both as a result of its aggressiveness and potential of relapse and metastases, and also due to unclear management guides. Encountered under the name of basal cell carcinoma or metatypical carcinoma, the pathophysiology of such tumors is still unclear and it is not...

Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy (SHG) is generally acknowledged as a powerful tool for the label-free 3D visualization of tissues and advanced materials, with one of its most popular applications being collagen imaging. Although the great need, progress in super-resolved SHG imaging lags behind the developments reported over the past years in...

Second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is acknowledged as an established imaging technique capable to provide information on the collagen architecture in tissues that is highly valuable for the diagnostics of various pathologies. The polarization-resolved extension of SHG (PSHG) microscopy, together with associated image processing methods, re...

Rosai–Dorfman Disease (RDD), also known as sinus histiocytosis, is included in the group of rare diseases, characterized by proliferation and accumulation of histiocytes in the lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy), most often involving the cervical ganglion chains (nodal form). RDD bone involvement is rare, estimated at 10% of cases, but primary bone invo...

Cardiac and cardiovascular malformations are of real interest in terms of definition, epidemiology, and means of early diagnosis by imaging. Although ultrasound examination reaches exceptional performance nowadays, unusual pathologies are still exposed to the risk of either incorrect acquired image or misinterpretation by the specialist in a routin...

Vulvar cancer is a rare malignancy of the genital tract, the fourth most common type in this category. The most common form of the clinical appearance is long-lasting pruritus, a lump or mass on the vulva. Despite its histological type, in most cases, invasive vulvar cancer metastasizes primarily through the lymphatic system. Bone metastases relate...

VACTERL represents an acronym for a broad spectrum of congenital anomalies such as vertebral anomalies, anorectal anomalies (anal atresia), cardiac anomalies, tracheoesophageal fistula or atresia, renal anomalies, and limb anomalies. We present the case of a male fetus with multiple anomalies consistent with VACTERL association such as scoliosis, i...

Neural tube defects (NTDs) occur during embryogenesis, specifically during the fifth or sixth week of gestation, and are described as aberrant neural tube closing. The defect may alter the normal development of the vertebrae, spinal cord, cranium, or brain. The present study describes the case of a 41-year-old pregnant woman with fetal sacral menin...

Second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy has emerged over the past two decades as a powerful tool for tissue characterization and diagnostics. Its main applications in medicine are related to mapping the collagen architecture of in-vivo, ex-vivo and fixed tissues based on endogenous contrast. In this work we present how H&E staining of excised a...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of synovial fluid analysis in the identification of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals compared to microscopic analysis of joint tissues as the reference standard. This is an ancillary study of an international, multicentre cross-sectional study performed by the calcium pyrophosphate depositi...

The present study constitutes a retrospective study for patients with hyperparathyroidism surgically operated on at the Department of Thoracic Surgery of the Central Military Emergency University Hospital 'Dr. Carol Davila', Bucharest, Romania (SUUMC), over a period of 6 years. The study aimed to elucidate the diagnostic and surgical attitude for a...

Described as a rare anomaly of the placenta, with a reported incidence of 0.02%, mesenchymal dysplasia is a benign condition characterized by placentomegaly, grape-like vesicles and by microscopic features resembling those of a molar pregnancy, such as hydropic villi, cistern formation and dysplastic blood vessels. We report a rare case of placenta...

Background Synovial fluid analysis (SFA) via compensated polarized light microscopy is still considered the gold standard for the identification and diagnosis of Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition disease (CPPD)-related arthropathies[1], but very few studies have been published about its diagnostic accuracy. Objectives The aim of this study was to e...

Bednar tumor is a rare cutaneous neoplasm, regarded as a variant of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans with melanotic colonization and it usually affects young and middle-aged adults or children. This lesion is considered a low-grade malignant tumor, which can be associated with multiple local recurrences after surgical excision. Although a rare pheno...

Although the introduction of specific guidelines regarding the acute management of trauma patients have resolved many inconsistencies in the acute treatment pathways, grey areas are still preventing consensus and unitary standards of care. The treatment of splenic injuries has seen a notable shift from splenectomy only in the early 20th century to...

Because almost one fourth of patients with rectal adenocarcinoma (RC) achieve pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (CRT), having significantly higher survival rates than those without pCR, the assessment of pCR represents a highly important challenge nowadays. Moreover, recent studies revealed that organ-spa...

Skeletal tuberculosis is the main extrapulmonary site for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection disemination. As for the nervous sistem tuberculosis or spinal tuberculous disease in particular, the osseos elements are more frequently involved than the cerebral tissue or the spinal cord. We present the case of a previously healthy 32 year old female...

Hepatic mesenchymal hamartoma is the third most common liver neoplasm of the pediatric age group, rarely diagnosed in adults, with under 50 cases having been reported so far. Mesenchymal hamartoma of the spleen is a very rare vascular lesion, documented in less than 200 cases since 1861 when it was first described by Karl von Rokitansky. 1.1. Aim:...

Objective: New oncological treatment guidelines for endometrial carcinomas (ECs) are constantly evolving with recent emphasis on immunotherapy options for distinct subsets of ECs. Our purpose was to identify specific molecular categories according to the new TCGA research and analyze PD-L1 expression on these different subtypes. Method: We included...

Digestive cancer during pregnancy is a rare condition, but it has a poor prognosis for the mother. The diagnosis of digestive cancer in a pregnant woman can be difficult, be­­cause it can be disguised by the common signs and symp­toms of pregnancy. Gastric cancer, especially un­dif­fe­ren­tia­ted adenocarcinoma associated with diffuse bone meta­sta...

Screening testing for infectious diseases with vertical transmission, from mother to foetus, decreases the prevalence of foetal malformations. The most common infections with teratogenic potential are found in the TORCH test (Toxoplasma, Other infections, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex virus). Early identification of these pathogens resul...

Squamous metaplasia occurring within a colorectal polyp is a rare finding, having a reported incidence of approximately 0.44%. The origin of the squamous cells in this type of setting is uncertain (mechanical irritation and chronic inflammation are potential predisposing factors). It has been implied that the significance of squamous metaplasia in...

Proximal humerus chondrosarcoma is a rare localization of the common primary malignant cartilaginous tumor. Management is based on oncological surgical excision because of the inherent resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. The most important prognostic factors with great impact on treatment strategy are histological grading and localiza...

Modern histopathology workflows rely on the digitization of histology slides. The quality of the resulting digital representations, in the form of histology slide image mosaics, depends on various specific acquisition conditions and on the image processing steps that underlie the generation of the final mosaic, e.g. registration and blending of the...

Epidermoid bone inclusion cysts are pathological structures bordered by a layer of stratified squamous epithelium containing keratin debris. They are also called epidermal bone cysts. Intraosseous epidermoid cysts are rare entities; these lesions may occur as a result of trauma (puncture wound or pressure erosion). They appear to be well defined, t...

Background and Objectives: Current recommendations and treatment regimens in breast cancer are a reflection of its heterogeneity on multiple levels including histological subtypes, grading, molecular profiling, and numerous prognostic indices. Although based on extensive research, current guidelines are not explicit in the case of surgical specimen...

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a common form of skin cancer with a complex but not fully understood pathogenesis. Recent research suggests the role of beta human papillomavirus (HPV) types and HPV-associated inflammatory processes in cSCC development. Beta HPV types are components of the normal flora; however, under the influence of ce...

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most frequent skin malignancy, which has been linked over time to multifactorial causes of which the most important is prolong solar exposure. The study aims to find a link between certain age groups, sex and basal cell carcinoma subtypes, both on a microscopic and macroscopic level. The present paper relies on a g...

Sarcina ventriculi is an extremely rare pathogen. These gram-positive cocci bacteria are rarely identified in gastric biopsies and usually described in the scientific literature as an incidental finding, particularly in patients with delayed gastric emptying, gastroparesis, emphysematous gastritis or gastric perforation. It occurs most commonly in...

Introduction: According to WHO, in worldwide cancer mortality statistics, the first place is occupied by bronchopulmonary cancer. This reason has led us to carry out the present pilot study, was with the participation of the Clinics of Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest in order to apply a technique developed earlier by Ste...

Histopathological image analysis performed by a trained expert is currently regarded as the gold-standard for the diagnostics of many pathologies, including cancers. However, such approaches are laborious, time consuming and contain a risk for bias or human error. There is thus a clear need for faster, less intrusive and more accurate diagnostic so...

Introduction: In order to diagnose and stage malignant bone tumors, the pathologic examination of harvested pieces with immunohistochemistry test is necessary; they also provide information regarding the prognosis on a medium to long term. Among tissular biomarkers with potential predictive value, a raised Ki-67 protein level is used to determine t...

Single ventricle heart (SVH) is a very rare congenital heart disease. However, since the introduction of Fontan's intervention, the survival rate of patients with SVH has been significantly improved, increasing the number of women who may become pregnant in this condition. It has been already reported, in isolated case presentations or in some seri...

Quantitative second harmonic generation microscopy methods that provide an estimate for the molecular structure of collagen in tissues by fitting theoretical models with experimental data at pixellevel are gaining increasing momentum. Such methods offer reliable diagnostic-relevant information that complement traditional histology procedures. We pr...

Histopathological image analysis performed by a trained expert is currently regarded as the gold-standard in the case of many pathologies, including cancers. However, such approaches are laborious, time consuming and contain a risk for bias or human error. There is thus a clear need for faster, less intrusive and more accurate diagnostic solutions,...

Preeclampsia represents a pregnancy-related disease which affects both the mother and the fetus. It s an important cause of materno-fetal morbidity and mortality. The placenta seems to be the main cause because after placental removal preeclampsia is no longer present. Placental examination is crucial and can reveal important information about this...

Introduction. Bisphosphonates (BPs) represent the main therapy in patients with osteoporosis, although a long-term treatment can lead to atypical fractures. Material and methods. We conducted a retrospective study between 2008 and 2017 and included 23 female patients with atypical femoral fractures (AFFs). The mean period of BPs therapy administrat...

Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is an important inherited cause of chronic kidney disease with an estimated incidence of 1 in 20,000 live births [1-3]. Mutations of the PKHD1 (polycystic kidney and hepatic disease 1) gene located on chromosome 6p12, are responsible for the entire spectrum of ARPKD [2]. Almost 40% of all affect...