Adnan Hyder

Adnan Hyder
George Washington University | GW · Department of Global Health

About

620
Publications
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Publications

Publications (620)
Article
Full-text available
Objectives Given the rapid growth of the field of health policy and systems research (HPSR), it is important to monitor the research environment, especially the evolution of HPSR research outputs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The objective of this study was to generate quantitative metrics to assess the production of HPSR publication...
Article
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Abstract Objectives Trauma registries are essential tools for improving trauma care quality and efficiency, but many fail to capture long-term patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Focusing on these outcomes is crucial for understanding the extent of disability patients experience and identifying potential post-discharge interventions to optim...
Article
Full-text available
Objectives Trauma registries are essential tools for improving trauma care quality and efficiency, but many fail to capture long-term patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Focusing on these outcomes is crucial for understanding the extent of disability patients experience and identifying potential post-discharge interventions to optimize recov...
Conference Paper
Background Ninety-three percent of road traffic injuries (RTIs) occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where health systems are weak. Disability following RTI is widespread, affecting up to 50 million people annually; there is limited research describing the long-term consequences of RTIs in terms of level of disability. Objective The...
Conference Paper
Background Each year, around 50 to 60 million people suffer from traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) and a disproportionate burden of TBI-associated deaths and disability occurs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where research on TBI epidemiology is limited. Trauma registries are an effective tool to determine the local burden of disease, imp...
Article
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Purpose Burns are among the top five cause of unintentional injuries among youth. We aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors of burns in select youth from Pakistan and also explored their perceptions about burns. Methods A sequential explanatory mixed methods study was conducted which comprised of two phases. Phase 1 consisted of a cross...
Article
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Introduction Understanding the role of social determinants of health as predictors of mortality in adults with diabetes may help improve health outcomes in this high-risk population. Using population-based, nationally representative data, this study investigated the cumulative effect of unfavorable social determinants on all-cause mortality in adul...
Article
ABSTRACT Background The association between cumulative burden of unfavorable social determinants of health (SDoH) and all-cause mortality has not been assessed by atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) status on a population level in the United States. Methods We assessed the association between cumulative social disadvantage and all-cause...
Article
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Objectives A diverse set of trauma scoring systems are used globally to predict outcomes and benchmark trauma systems. There is a significant potential benefit of using these scores in low and middle-income countries (LMICs); however, its standardized use based on type of injury is still limited. Our objective is to compare trauma scoring systems b...
Chapter
The global burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is large and growing. Reversing this burden is a key global health and development challenge and requires addressing the threats to health stemming from private industry. The field of commercial determinants of health (CDoH) is rapidly evolving. Some of the existing definitions focus only on det...
Chapter
Unintentional injuries are responsible for almost three million deaths globally every year. There is striking disparity in the global burden of deaths due to unintentional injuries occurring in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Individual, socioeconomic, and environmental conditions all make a significant contribution to unintentional injur...
Article
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Background Evidence for the association between social determinants of health (SDoH) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is largely based on single SDoH measures, with limited evaluation of cumulative social disadvantage. We examined the association between cumulative social disadvantage and the Health and Activity Limitation Index (HALex)....
Article
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Background: Despite an increase in health research conducted in Africa, there are still inadequate human resources with research ethics training and lack of local long-term training opportunities in research ethics. A research ethics training program named United States-Mali Research Ethics Training Program (US-Mali RETP) was established through a...
Article
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Abstract Introduction Educational attainment is an important social determinant of health (SDOH) for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the association between educational attainment and all-cause and CVD mortality has not been longitudinally evaluated on a population-level in the US, especially in individuals with atherosclerotic cardiovascula...
Article
Objective: To examine the independent and interdependent effects of race and social determinants of health (SDoH) and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in the US. Data source/study design: Secondary analysis of pooled data for 252,218 participants of the 2006-2018 National Health Interview Survey, linked to the Nationa...
Preprint
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Background: The burden of unintentional injuries among youth (15-24 years) is high. There is paucity of data on unintentional injuries in youth working in Vocational Training Institutes. Objective: To determine the incidence, characteristics, and risk factors of unintentional injuries among youth. Methods: Design: A retrospective cross-sectional su...
Preprint
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Background: The burden of unintentional injuries among youth (15-24 years) is high. There is paucity of data on unintentional injuries in youth working in Vocational Training Institutes. Objective: To determine the incidence, characteristics, and risk factors of unintentional injuries among youth. Methods: Design: A retrospective cross-sectional su...
Article
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Background: Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are a leading cause of death and unintentional injuries globally. They claim 1.35 million lives and produce up to 50 million injuries each year, causing a major drain on health systems. Despite this high burden, there is a lack of robust data on the long-term consequences of RTIs, specifically the level of...
Chapter
Until recently, the commercial determinants have remained largely absent from conceptual frameworks of the social determinants of health, despite their clear importance to health and well-being. This is especially challenging because even a single large industry sector can have a profound, intersectional impact on sociocultural and physical environ...
Article
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Background Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a major cause of financial toxicity, defined as excess financial strain from healthcare, in the US. Identifying factors that put patients at greatest risk can help inform more targeted and cost-effective interventions. Specific social determinants of health (SDOH) such as income are assoc...
Article
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The extent to which cumulative social disadvantage-defined as aggregate social risk resulting from multiple co-occurring adverse social determinants of health (SDOH)-affects the risk of all-cause mortality, independent of demographic and clinical risk factors, is not well understood. The objective of this study was to examine the association betwee...
Article
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Injuries are predicted to become a greater cause of mortality than communicable diseases in sub-Saharan Africa by 2030, signaling a public health dilemma for governments and citizens in each country. This article uses epidemiological estimates of injuries in Zambia, considers the socio-economic impact of injuries, examines current policies for prev...
Conference Paper
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This paper summarizes the changes in the epidemiology of worker injuries in Qatar, from 2008-2016. There were great reductions in the rate of worker injuries from 53.9 worker injuries per 100,000 workers in 2008 to 34.0 in 2016. This is a 37% reduction in rates despite a 78% increase in the national worker population.
Conference Paper
Background Over 1.3 million people die annually from road traffic injuries (RTI) and many millions are injured and disabled around the world. The United Nations declared 2011–20 as the global Decade of Action for Road Safety and major efforts are underway to prevent and manage this epidemic of RTI. Considerable work has also been done to identify s...
Preprint
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Background: A brief health-related quality of life (HRQoL) tool with construct validity for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) may facilitate integration into healthcare delivery. We examined ASCVD-related changes in the Health and Activity Limitation Index (HALex), a generic HRQoL measure comprising perceived health and activity limita...
Preprint
Full-text available
Background: Evidence of the association between social determinants of health (SDoH) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is largely based on single SDoH measures, with limited evaluation of cumulative social disadvantage. We examined the association between cumulative social disadvantage and the Health and Activity Limitation Index (HALex)....
Article
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Indicators that summarise the health status of a population and that provide comparable measures of a population disease burden are increasingly vital tools for health policy decision making. Decisions concerning health systems across the world are greatly affected by changes in disease profiles and population dynamics, and must develop the capacit...
Article
(334/350) Background Road traffic injuries (RTIs) pose a significant health burden with 1.35 million individuals dying on the world's roads annually. Nearly a decade ago, based on agreed road safety indicators, global commitments were encouraged to dramatically reduce this burden as part of the United Nation's Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011...
Article
Over 90% of the annual 1·35 million worldwide deaths due to road traffic injuries (RTIs) occur in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). For this Series paper, our aim was two-fold. Firstly, to review evidence on effective interventions for victims of RTIs; and secondly, to estimate the potential number of lives saved by effective trauma c...
Article
The goal of this Series paper is to show how road safety has evolved as a global public health issue over the past two decades and to discuss the political and economic dynamics that led to this change. Specifically, the key stakeholders, influences, networks, issue framing, actor power, and synergistic interactions that have contributed to how roa...
Article
Global road mortality is a leading cause of death in many low-income and middle-income countries. Data to support priority setting under current resource constraints are urgently needed to achieve Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.6. This Series paper estimates the potential number of lives saved if each country implemented interventions to addr...
Article
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Introduction There is scarcity of data on children with disabilities living in low-and-middle-income countries, including Uganda. This study describes disability prevalence and explores factors associated with different disability categories. It highlights the value of using a standardized, easy-to-use tool to determine disability in children and c...
Article
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Research is a critical component of the public health enterprise, and a key component of universities and schools of public health and medicine. To satisfy varying levels of stakeholders in the field of public health research, accurately measuring the return on investment (ROI) is important; unfortunately, there is no approach or set of defined met...
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Objective To examine the association of social determinants of health (SDOH) on prevalence of stroke in non-elderly adults (<65 years of age). Methods We used the National Health Interview Survey (2013–2017) database. The study population was stratified into younger (<45 years of age) and middle age (45 to 64 years of age) adults. For each individ...
Article
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Background Extreme heat exposure is a growing public health concern. In this trial, we tested the impact of a community health worker (CHW) led heat education programme on all-cause mortality, unplanned hospital visits and changes in knowledge and practices in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods The Heat Emergency Awareness and Treatment trial was a commun...
Article
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Work-related injuries (WRIs) are recognized as a leading cause of admission to the national trauma center of Qatar. A retrospective analysis of trauma registry data and electronic medical records was conducted on a cohort of all WRI patients who were admitted to the Hamad Trauma Center (HTC), in Doha, Qatar, between 2011 and 2017. A total of 3757 W...
Article
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Health care in the United States has seen many great innovations and successes in the past decades. However, to this day, the color of a person’s skin determines—to a considerable degree—his/her prospects of wellness; risk of disease, and death; and the quality of care received. Disparities in cardiovascular disease (CVD)—the leading cause of morbi...
Article
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This paper focuses on the particular challenges in cancer prevention and control (CPC) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In particular, this paper extrapolates challenges and opportunities in Armenia, which has the 2nd highest rate of cancer-related deaths in the world, the 11th highest smoking prevalence among men globally, and an evolv...
Article
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Background Drowning is the leading cause of death among children 12–59 months old in rural Bangladesh. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of a large-scale crèche (daycare) intervention in preventing child drowning. Methods The cost of the crèches intervention was evaluated using an ingredients-based approach and monthly expenditure data c...
Article
Background In patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), barriers related to transportation may impair access to care, with potential implications for prognosis. Although few studies have explored transportation barriers among patients with ASCVD, the correlates of delayed care due to transportation barriers have not been examine...
Article
Introduction: Individuals with CVD are at higher risk of COVID-19 complications. However, the impact of social disadvantage on COVID-19 outcomes has not been fully evaluated in people with CVD. We assessed Area Deprivation Index (ADI) associations with COVID-19 positivity, severity, and in-hospital mortality among patients with and without CVD. Met...
Article
Introduction: Social environment and neighborhood factors, including perceived social cohesion, represent key determinants of health. While evidence has shown that low cohesion may be adversely associated with cardiovascular health and higher levels may be cardioprotective, few studies have assessed the association between cohesion and sociodemogra...
Article
Introduction Vaccination is the most effective strategy to mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic and restoring societal function. As the pandemic evolves with no certainty of a herd immunity threshold, universal vaccination of at-risk populations is desirable. However, vaccine hesitancy threatens the return to normalcy, and healthcare workers (HCWs) mus...
Article
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Populations around the world are facing an increasing burden of firearm violence on mortality and disability. While firearm violence affects every country globally, the burden is significantly higher in many low- and middle-income countries. However, despite overwhelming statistics, there is a lack of research, reporting, and prioritization of fire...
Article
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Disease prevention frameworks and clinical practice guidelines in the United States (US) have traditionally ignored upstream social determinants of health (SDOH), which are critical for reducing disparities in cardiovascular disease (CVD)-the leading cause of death in the US. Existing evidence demonstrates a protective effect of social support, soc...
Article
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Purpose of review: We sought to examine the role of social and environmental conditions that determine an individual's behaviors and risk of disease-collectively known as social determinants of health (SDOH)-in shaping cardiovascular (CV) health of the population and giving rise to disparities in risk factors, outcomes, and clinical care for cardi...
Article
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Background: In Sub-Saharan African countries, the incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is estimated to be many folds higher than the global average and outcome is hugely impacted by access to healthcare services and quality of care. We conducted an analysis of the TBI registry data to determine the disparities and delays in treatment for pati...
Article
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Background The health of populations living in extreme poverty has been a long-standing focus of global development efforts, and continues to be a priority during the Sustainable Development Goal era. However, there has not been a systematic attempt to quantify the magnitude and causes of the burden in this specific population for almost two decade...
Article
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Objective To characterise developmental milestones among young children living in rural communities in Uganda. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance Site in rural eastern Uganda. Participants A total of 720 caregivers of children aged 3–4 years old from a health and demographic surveillance site...
Article
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Background : Social determinants of health (SDOH) may limit the practice of COVID-19 risk mitigation guidelines with health implications for individuals with underlying cardiovascular disease (CVD). Population-based evidence of the association between SDOH and practicing such mitigation strategies in adults with CVD is lacking. We used the National...
Article
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Introduction: There is currently no defined method for assessing injury severity using population-based data, which limits our understanding of the burden of non-fatal injuries and community-based approaches for primary prevention of injuries. This study describes a systematic approach, Population-based Injury Severity Assessment (PISA) index, for...
Article
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Key Messages Firearms have a large impact on the health of individuals and societies globally, with a disproportionate burden on low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The firearms industry uses strategies to promote the sale and use of their products that are detrimental to health and therefore should be viewed through a commercial determinants...
Preprint
Full-text available
Drowning is the leading cause of death among children 12-59 months old in rural Bangladesh. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of a large-scale crèche intervention in preventing child drowning. Estimates of the effectiveness of the crèches was based on prior studies and the program cost was assessed using monthly program expenditures captu...
Conference Paper
Statement of purpose Globally, thousands of children lose their lives to unintentional injuries every year. Injuries occurring at home to under 5s (burns, falls, poisoning) can be prevented through providing safety equipment e.g. barriers and childproof containers. Although a number of studies have shown significant reductions in child injuries mos...
Conference Paper
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Statement of purpose The purpose of this presentation is to evaluate progress towards achieving the Decade of Action for Road Safety by analyzing the results of three Global Status Reports on Road Safety. Methods/Approach The analysis was based on the data from the three Global Status Reports on Road Safety with global level data from 2010, 2013,...
Article
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Background: Uganda faces a complex policy landscape as it simultaneously addresses infectious diseases and noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). The health system has been overwhelmed by the growing burden of NCDs across all socioeconomic strata. In this study, we sought to understand the policy context around NCDs in Uganda, the roles of actors both w...
Article
There has been growing consensus to develop relevant guidance to improve the ethical review of global health policy and systems research (HPSR) and address the current absence of formal ethics guidance.
Conference Paper
Background The goal of the Decade of Action was to reduce by 50% the predicted increase in road traffic deaths over 10 years (2011–2020). A global plan of action with related indicators was developed and disseminated widely. Methods An assessment was undertaken to ascertain whether the Decade was successful. Mixed methods were used: analysis of th...
Article
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Background Data collection on noncommunicable disease (NCD) behavioral risk factors has traditionally been carried out through face-to-face surveys. However, its high costs and logistical difficulties can lead to lack of timely statistics for planning, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Mobile phone surveys (MPS) have the potential to...
Article
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In many settings, and perhaps especially in low-middle income countries, training institutions do not adequately prepare their students for the ethical challenges that confront them in professional life. We conducted a survey to assess the training needs in research ethics among the faculty at the University of Zambia, School of Medicine (UNZASoM)...
Article
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Purpose Unintentional injury is the leading cause of death among children aged 10–19 years and over 95% of injury deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). As patterns of injury in the pediatric population may differ from those in adults, risks specific to children in LMICs need to be identified for effective injury prevention and t...
Article
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Background: This paper estimates the impact on childhood drowning rates of community-based introduction of crèches or playpens or both in rural Bangladesh for children aged 0-47 months. Methods: A baseline census of the whole population of 270,387 households in 51 unions, 451 villages from 7 rural sub-districts in Bangladesh was conducted in 201...
Article
Road traffic injuries (RTIs) continue to emerge as a serious public health issue across the world; according to the World Health Organization, every year, almost 1.35 million individuals lose their lives, and approximately 25 million injuries are caused by road traffic crashes (World Health Organization, 2018). These RTIs are the leading cause of d...
Article
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Introduction Empirical data is scare on assessment of concordance between caregiver-child responses on child functioning. Objective To assess correlation and agreement between children (11–17 years old) and their caregivers’ responses to the UNICEF/Washington Group Child Functioning Module (CFM) at the Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveill...
Article
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Work-related injury (WRI) control is an integral part of occupational safety. In rapidly developing Gulf countries such as Qatar with a predominantly expatriate workforce, WRI control is a complex issue often seen in conjunction with the implementation of labour laws and labour rights. We aimed to implement a public health approach to facilitate ef...
Article
Globally, unintentional injuries contribute significantly to disability and death. Prevention efforts have traditionally focused on individual injury mechanisms and their specific risk factors, which has resulted in slow progress in reducing the burden. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) represent a global agenda for promoting human prosperit...
Article
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Abstract Background The UNICEF/Washington Group Child Functioning Module (CFM) assesses child functioning among children between 5 and 17 years of age. This study adapted and validated the CFM at the Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance Site (IM-HDSS) in Uganda. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2018–Ja...