Adel A. Al-Azzawi

Al-Nahrain University · Department of Civil Engineering

Out-of-plane beams are those that deflect out of their main plane of action employing forces or bending moments. Unlike in-plane bending, in which the force induces bending inside that plane by acting perpendicular to the beam’s long axis, This study mainly examined the nonlinear finite element behavior of mono and hybrid fiber on the fixed-ended o...

Ductility is a critical property in structural engineering, ensuring that beams can undergo significant deformation before failure, thereby giving plenty of notice before disastrous collapse. This study investigates the ductility properties of constructions that have been reinforced using FRP rods, which are increasingly popular due to their corros...

Six (1000*1000 mm2) slab specimens were cast and tested as two-way simply supported slabs previously (three under monotonic loading and three under repeated loading) are used in this research. The tested specimens consist of one solid slab and two voided slabs with the following variables (type of slab (solid and voided), presence of steel fibers (...

Technical managing of a typical experiment in engineering or science could be a hard and daunting task. Often, experimentalists are not certain what is first and final steps be included and how the outcomes should be obtained. Fortunately, engineering and science experiments follow a routine procedure. They contain essentially main four process gro...

This study’s primary objective is to investigate the pure torsional behavior of reinforced concrete beams with inadequate resistance to applied loads. The beam needs to be strengthened with a simple and effective technique, the near-surface mounted. This paper was conducted to check the validity and accuracy of experimental results. This numerical...

Composites made of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) have gained popularity as new high-performance material for concrete buildings in now days. The advantages of FRP composites include high strength, lightweight, and corrosion resistance. This paper’s primary objective is to assess the affect of FRP strips on the strengthening and repair of plain and...

Moderately thick voided slab systems are used in the construction of long-span slab buildings to incorporate lower weight on foundations and enhance the thermal and sound insulation of the slab. In some cases, these slabs required an enhancement if there is an increase in the applied loads or a defect in their construction properties. This research...

Various efforts have been made to reduce the weight of concrete slabs while preserving their flexural strength. This will result in reducing deflection and allows the utilization of longer spans. The top zone of the slab requires concrete to create the compression block for flexural strength, and the tension zone needs concrete to join with reinfor...

The analysis of rigid pavements is a complex mission for many reasons. First, the loading conditions include the repetition of parts of the applied loads (cyclic loads), which produce fatigue in the pavement materials. Additionally, the climatic conditions reveal an important role in the performance of the pavement since the expansion or contractio...

The thermal behavior of hollow steel structural members due to the temperature increase has not been investigated and discussed in many design codes. This work presents a study of the hollow and solid steel beams' carrying capacity under elevated temperatures. The material properties of such beams decline under the temperature expected to increase...

The soil in Iraq has a low load carrying or bearing capacity and high deflections or settlement because of the applied loads. The use of strip footing as a foundation to support different kinds of heavy structures has become necessary nowadays through solving such problems by using geogrid. This soil improvement technique is widely used all over th...

The problems of soil-structure interaction involve different members or different materials behave together under applied loading. In the case of concrete pavement resting on soil under traffic loading, both concrete and soil will deform. Rigid Pavements are made of Portland Cement Concrete (PCC). It serves out two aims, to maintain a durable surfa...

This paper presents the effect of non-uniform reinforcement ratio along the beam length on the flexural behaviour experimentally and numerically. Within the experiment, four reinforced concrete beams each had a different reinforcement ratio. However, three of four beams had a similar reinforcement ratio in the constant moment zone (0.012). Cracking...

The engineering properties inspection of green concrete resulted from using Metakaolin to replace cement and crushed tiles as waste coarse aggregates is the main aim in this work study. Different concrete mixtures were prepared in order to obtain 30 MPa target strength for concrete in compression. The crushed tile as waste aggregates is used to sub...

This study illustrates the numerical investigations of the performance of steel fiber reinforced concrete tapered deep beams under static loading nature. Three simply supported specimens (two tapered members and the last is prismatic one) were selected from the experimental work of previous study carried by the authors. The selected specimens inclu...

In this paper, the finite difference and the finite element methods are applied to evaluate natural frequencies of non-prismatic and non-homogeneous beams, with different boundary conditions and resting on variable Winkler foundation. The finite difference method is used for solving differential equation of motion, especially with variable coeffici...

This study investigated the flexural performance of steel fibre beams reinforced with smooth and deformed reinforcement, both experimentally and numerically. As part of the experimental investigation, five full-scale reinforced concrete beams were constructed with plain and steel fibre concrete and were tested under 4-point flexural monotonic loadi...

The use of spliced reinforcing bars in sustainable concrete members to manage inadequate bars length is a common practical issue which is may be due to some limitations. The lap splicing means two bars overlapped in parallel with specified length called the splice length in order to provide the required bond between the two bars. The bond between s...

Punching shear is the most important problem in flat slabs, which usually requires strengthening for safety reasons. One of the most popular strengthening methods is the employment of shear reinforcement. Also, in order to reduce the self-weight of slabs, lightweight aggregate concrete as well as the bubble deck technology were used in this researc...

This research studied the problem of varying depth and varying elastic properties along flexural member lengths subjected to generalised loading, with such members considered to be nonhomogeneous and non-prismatic. The differential equation for classical thin beams was thus derived and the finite differences used in solving this equation. Fortran p...

Punching shear is the most important problem in flat slabs, which usually required reducing the self-weight of the slab. A lightweight concrete as well as the bubble deck technology were used to allow for lighter self-weight of the structure. This study aims to investigate the use of lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) with the bubble deck techno...

The studies on the applications of waste materials in concrete have been increased in Iraq since 2003. In this The studies on the applications of waste materials in concrete have been increased in Iraq since 2003. In this The studies on the applications of waste materials in concrete have been increased in Iraq since 2003. In this The studies on th...

The studies on the applications of waste materials in concrete have been increased in Iraq since 2003. In this research, rubber wastes that resulting from scrapped tires was added to concrete mix with presence of superplasticizer. The mechanical properties of concrete and workability of concrete mixes were studied. The used rubber were ranging in s...

Numerous experimental and theoretical studies on recycled aggregate concrete have been carried out in the past 10 years. This paper presents several reviews of RAC. The review presented in this report clearly indicates an increasing trend and incentive for the greater use of manufactured and recycled aggregates in construction. There are, however,...

This research dealt with the linear elastic behavior of hollow core slabs resting on a linear Winkler type foundation. A finite difference method was used to model the slabs as wide beams and the foundation as elastic springs. The finite element method was also used to model the problem using ABAQUS 6.10 software program. A comparison between the m...

Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) is one the latest developments in concrete technology, also known as ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC). It is characterised by the use of high cement content, with very high mechanical strength, high durability, in most cases, a quantity of steel fibres. A hollow core slab, also known as a void slab, hollow core...

In Iraq, the use of rubber waste material in concrete is an interesting topic due to its availability in large volumes. Researches of applications of rubber waste in concrete have been increased since 2003. Many studies carried out to investigate the performance of concrete using different ratios of rubber as a replacement to fine or coarse aggrega...

The concrete prepared with Polyvinyl chloride plastics (collected from doors and windows wastes) as recycled coarse aggregates and their concrete engineering properties are studied in the laboratory in this research. The concrete blends have an expected cylinder compressive strength of 28 MPa. In this research, the concrete blends contain plasticco...

This research studied the problem of varying depth (stepped) beams resting on elastic subgrade. The finite differences used in solving the differential equations of stepped beams on Winkler subgrade. Also, two dimensional layered plate bending elements are formulated to simulate or model the beam and spring Winkler elements to simulate the subgrade...

There have been many developments in concrete technologies that have had a major impact on structural systems. This review describes previous research literature relating to hollow-core slabs. Previous studies related to the present research can be categorized according to previous research on weight reduction of slabs studies. The main conclusions...

This research is a review on previous work on linear elastic behavior of beams resting on uniform and nonuniform Winkler foundation. Several methods were used previously by other researchers starting from analytical and numerical such as series, finite difference and finite element formulations which are developed to solve various problems. The fin...

This research investigate the behavior of reinforced normal and lightweight aggregate concrete hollow core slabs with different core shapes, shear span to effective depth (a/d). The experimental work includes testing seven reinforced concrete slabs under two vertical line loads. The dimensions of slab specimens were (1.1 m) length, (0.6 m) width an...

In the twin tunnel, the spacing between tunnels or pillar width is an important issue for stability, because the mutual interference between tunnels depends on it during the construction sequence. It must be calculated with respect to tunnel size, soil condition, foundation type, construction method, and construction sequences. The tunnel and soil...

In the twin tunnel, the spacing between tunnels or pillar width is an important issue for stability, because the mutual interference between tunnels depends on it during the construction sequence. It must be calculated with respect to tunnel size, soil condition, foundation type, construction method, and construction sequences. The tunnel and soil...

In recent decades, there have been many improvements and enhancements in concrete technologies which had an impact on structural systems. In the form of superplasticizer, the cement mixture is used with silica fume in place of a pozzolanic material (silica fume) and steel fibers, and is classified as ultra-high strength concrete in order to improve...

The response of voided beams winkler type foundation interaction is investigated numerically in this research. The finite difference method is formulated to model beam with different thin and deep theories resting on elastic springs and programmed in Fortran language. Brick elements and spring elements are used to model the voided beam and the soil...

The waste concrete material recycling process is a sustainable solution for the problem of increasing construction waste disposal and resources lack of natural aggregate. The study of a concrete casted with recycled aggregates which is called waste or recycled aggregate concrete is become more interesting now a days for producing structural element...

The problem of reducing the self-weight of reinforced concrete structures is very important issue. There are two approaches which may be used to reduced member weight. The first is tackled through reducing the cross sectional area by using voids and the second through using light weight materials. Reducing the weight of slabs is very important as i...

The problem of reducing the self-weight of reinforced concrete structures is very important issue. There are two approaches which may be used to reduced member weight. The first is tackled through reducing the cross sectional area by using voids and the second through using light weight materials. Reducing the weight of slabs is very important as i...

This study presents investigation of the behavior of moderately thick reinforced concrete slabs having hollow cores with different parameters. The experimental part of this investigation includes testing eight specimens of solid and hollow-core slab models having (2.05 m) length, (0.6 m) width and (25 cm) thickness under two monotonic line loads. L...

This study presents investigation of the behavior of moderately thick reinforced concrete slabs having hollow cores with different parameters. The experimental part of this investigation includes testing eight specimens of solid and hollow-core slab models having (2.05 m) length, (0.6 m) width and (25 cm) thickness under two monotonic line loads. L...

This pressent research investigates the mechanical properties of Waste Rubber Fibers Lightweight Coarse Aggregate Concrete (WRFLWAC) mixture. Also, the shear behaviors of 12 RC beams contain opening are investigated. The main study parameters are: The opening location, the waste rubber fiber ratio and the shear reinforcement. Deflection values and...

This research deals with linear elastic behavior of hollow beams resting on Winkler type elastic foundation. The finite difference method is formulated to model thin and deep beam on elastic springs (to model the foundation). A comparison with other studies is performed to check the accuracy of the solutions. Several important parameters are incorp...

Fourier series and finite element analysis are utilized to obtain the solution of simply supported beams resting on elastic foundations with different loadings in order to arrive at a free vibration. The equation of the free vibration of beam on elastic foundation is derived and solved. Good agreement has been obtained between the results of the pr...

Two types of reduction in weight can be obtained for a slab. The first is by using lightweight aggregate concrete and the second is obtained through changing the geometry of cross sectional area of slabs for example hollow core slabs and ribbed slab. In this research, two types of reduction in weight can be obtained. The first by using lightweight...

There are many techniques that would reduce the self-weight of reinforced concrete structures. The most important and the most common are those that depend on changing the cross section of structural members, especially the slabs and which constitutes the effective portion of dead loads. Eleven one-way simply supported slabs comprised three as refe...

This study investigates the mechanical properties of light weight coarse aggregate concrete (LWAC) mixture failed to satisfy the structural design concrete strength which may happen in many building projects. The concrete failed mixture is used to cast twelve reinforced concrete beams and the shear behavior of these beams subjected to full-drilled...

This research presents an experimental investigation on the engineering properties of concrete prepared with crushed tiles as recycled coarse aggregates. Concrete mixes with a design compressive strength of 30MPa are made using recycled aggregates with percentages ranging from 0 to 100% of the total coarse aggregate. Their influence on concrete mec...

The present research presents experimental and finite element studies to investigate the behavior of piled raft-tunnel system in a sandy soil. In the experimental work, a small scale model was tested in a sand box with load applied vertically to the raft through a hydraulic jack. Five configurations of piles were tested in the laboratory. The effec...

This research deals with the elastic behavior of thick plates resting on nonlinear Winkler foundation. Mindlin's thick plate theory is extended to include the effect of program was developed to solve the differential equations for bending of thick rectangular plate on nonlinear foundation. The finite element (ANSYS program v12.1) method was used to...

A longitudinal voids through the one way reinforced concrete slabs are very important for utility services and for structural purposes by reducing the own weight of the structure. These types of slabs were analyze numerically by using nonlinear solution of a finite element program ANSYS with dimensions (2.05m) length, (0.6m) width and (250mm) thick...

In this study, a total of twenty four vibrated and self-compacting concrete (SCC) corbels with normal and high compressive strength have been cast and tested under vertical loading. All corbels had the same main steel area. Twelve of these were tested under monotonic loading until failure with the following variables: shear span to effective depth...

Keywords Abstract ANSYS Behavior Concrete Columns Pozzolanic admixture Reactive powder Fiber A study has been made through this investigation to understand the behavior of RPC columns by using two approaches: experimental investigation of concrete mixes and simulation of reactive powder columns studied by other researchers using finite elements. Ex...

Analytical solutions for structures with opening were only derived for limited domains with very simple geometry. Although the finite element method (FEM) computes accurately the displacements, it is ineffective in determining the stresses in area of large stress gradients. The boundary element method (BEM) has been adopted in this paper which is w...

In this research, the conical shell foundation is investigated. The two components of the interacting system; the soil and the shell foundation, are modelled using the finite element method. In this study, 15-node isoparametric triangular axisymmetric elements with two degrees of freedom at each node are used to model the shell and soil. The soil-s...

The axisymmetric finite element simulations through ANSYS software are carried out to evaluate the benefits of using geogrid in flexible pavements. This paper describes the behavior of asphalt concrete (AC) pavement under axisymmetric conditions and subjected to static loading. The results of flexible pavements improvement using geogrid are present...

The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of silica fume addition on the behavior of soil subgrades which has inadequate natural stability. Natural silty-clay soil and silty-clayey soil-silica fume mixtures were compacted at the optimum moisture content and subjected to various laboratory tests.. The test results showed a significant im...

The objective of this research is to predict rut depth in local flexible pavements. Predication model in pavement performance is the process that used to estimate the parameter values which related to pavement structure, environmental condition and traffic loading. The different local empirical models have been used to calculate permanent deformati...

This paper deals with linear elastic behavior of deep beams resting on linear and nonlinear Winkler type elastic foundations with both compress ional and tangential resistances. The basic or governing equations of beams on nonlinear elastic Winkler foundation are solved by finite difference method. The finite element method in Cartesian coordinates...

A study has been made through this investigation to understand the behavior of UHPC members with steel fibers by using two approaches: experimental investigation of concrete mixes and simulation of the problem studied by other researchers using finite elements. Experimental investigation is carried out to obtain the mechanical properties for two ty...

This research deals with the linear elastic behavior of curved deep beams resting on elastic foundations with both compressional and frictional resistances. Timoshenko's deep beam theory is extended to include the effect of curvature and the externally distributed moments under static conditions. As an application to the distributed moment generati...

The finite difference method is used for solving the basic differential equation for the elastic deformation of a thin beam supported on a nonlinear elastic foundation. A tangent approach is used to determine the modulus of subgrade reaction after constructing a second degree equation for load-deflection diagram. Results of plate loading test of so...

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This research deals with the geometric nonlinear behavior of beams resting on Winkler foundation. Timoshenko's deep beam theory is extended to include the effect of large deflection theory. The finite difference method was used to solve the problem deep beams and the obtained results were compared. An incremental load approach with Newton-Raphson i...

This research deals with the nonlinear material and geometric behaviors of reinforced concrete deep beams resting on linear or nonlinear Winkler foundation. The finite elements through ANSYS (Release-11, 2007) computer software are used. The reinforced concrete deep beam is modeled using (SOLID 65) 8 node brick element and the soil is modeled using...

This research, deals with the linear elastic behavior of curved thin beams resting on Winkler foundation with both compressional and tangential resistances. Thin beam theory is extended to include the effect of curvature and externally distributed moments under static conditions. The computer program (CBFFD) coded in fortran-77 is developed to anal...

This research presents a numerical solution to evaluate the response of deep beams on non-uniform elastic compression and friction Winkler foundations. Finite element method is used to solve the governing equation of deep beams on both vertical and horizontal modulus of subgrade reactions. The results obtained were compared with analytical solution...