Adebayo Ojo Oyewale

Ahmadu Bello University | ABU · Department of Chemistry

This review focuses on the isolated bioactive compounds and antischistosomal activity of Dolichos species, particularly Dolichos biflorus and Dolichos lablab. Medicinal plants have been used since ancient times and continue to play a significant role in traditional medicine and drug discovery. Dolichos species are known for their therapeutic potent...

Conventional process of Soxhlet extraction with n-Hexane was used to extract Mango kernel (Mangifera indica L.) oil for determination of fatty acid methyl ester composition of mango (Mangifera indica L.) kernel oil and tribological properties of its triesters and a percentage extractable of 8.4 % was obtained. A two-step process of esterification a...

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by helminth flatworms of the genus Schistosoma. Currently, praziquantel is the only medication available. Schistosomiasis is the second most deadly parasitic infection after malaria. Dolichos pachyrhizus's (Fabaceae) rhizome is commonly utilized as an antihelmintic. In this study, the in vitro...

Uapaca ambanjensis Leandri. (Phyllanthaceae) is a flowering plant of the genus Uapaca whose stem bark and leaf infusions are ethno-medicinally claimed to cure typhoid fever, other fevers, stroke and skin diseases. U. ambanjensis stem bark was extracted by Microwave Assisted Extraction using hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol in ord...

The hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the stem bark of Uapaca ambanjensis were investigated for their phytochemical constituents and activity against selected microorganisms. Whereas all the phytochemicals, except anthraquinones, are indicated in various extracts, the most impressive antimicrobial potencies of extracts...

Background The efficacy of azole drugs has been reduced due to the emergence of drug resistant fungal pathogens. Despite this, heterocyclic compounds are still regarded as a viable lead structure for the synthesis of a more effective antimicrobial agent. The synthesized derivatives were screened in vitro against some fungal organisms. The synthesiz...

Uapaca ambanjensis Leandri (Phyllanthaceae) is a largely un-researched plant whose crushed stem bark, leaf, and fruit infusions are ethno-medicinally claimed to cure typhoid fever, other fevers, skin diseases, and stroke. This work aimed at the isolation, characterization, and determination of antimicrobial potency of the methanol stem-bark extract...

Bile, often known as gall, is a dark-green fluid produced by the liver of most vertebrates. It is largely made up of steroidal detergent-like compounds and membrane lipids including un-esterified cholesterol and mixed phosphatidylcholines. A good number of animal bile has been utilized ethno-medicinally for ages. Animal bile has been administered t...

Three new 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives from dicarboxylic acids were synthesized in a three-step synthesis procedure that involved formation of esters and hydrazides as intermediates. The final products; 1,4-bis(5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)benzene,1,4-bis(5-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)benzene and 1,2-bis(4-nitr...

Background To tackle the menace of multi-resistant bacteria which pose challenges to scientist, four benzotriazole derivatives and three benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized via two routes due to the importance of heterocyclic compound in medicinal chemistry. Two protein target DNA gyrase with PDB ID 2XCT and PDB ID 3ILW were docked with the...

The hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the stem bark of Uapaca ambanjensis were investigated for their phytochemical constituents and activity against selected microorganisms. Whereas all the phytochemicals, except anthraquinones, are indicated in various extracts, the most impressive antimicrobial potencies of extracts...

Bulchhozia coriacea (Capparaceae) seeds are used in managing snake bite in Western Nigeria were investigated against Naja nigricollis (Spitting cobra) venom-induced hemolytic, hemorrhagic and fibrinolytic effects. This study was aimed at determining the antihaemolytic, antihaemorrhagic as well as antifibrinolytic effects of B. coriacea on N. nigric...

The occurrence of drug resistant bacteria warrant investigation on herbal plants for effective antibacterial agents. Vernonia glaberrima leaf (VGL) and stem (VGS) hexane extracts were subjected to analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and subsequently evaluated for antibacterial activity alone and in combination each with Sparflo...

Lipids possess versatile biological properties in human health and nutrition. The compositions of lipids were investigated on the raw, boiled and fermented seeds of Pentaclethra macrophylla n-hexane extracts. The seed extracts were esterified, and chemical composition of the fatty acids was evaluated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-M...

This aim of this study was to isolate chemical compounds with antimicrobial and antioxidant activities from Lannea humilis. Lannea humilis stem bark was extracted with hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol using the maceration method. Two compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract. GCMS and NMR analyses were used to elucidate the compounds...

The quorum sensing (QS) mechanism has become a viable research strategy for the discovery of plant-derived anti-virulent agents to control drug-resistant bacteria. The increasing incidences of drug-resistant bacteria and the effort to curb it necessitate this study. We investigated the QS inhibitory potential of Centaurea praecox extracts on Chromo...

The stem bark of Fadogia erythrophloea (Rubiaceae) was extracted exhaustively using methanol by cold maceration. The crude extract was then sequentially partitioned into n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions. Purification of the chloroform fraction by column and preparative thin layer chromatography lead to the isolation of the pure comp...

Two flavonol glycosides; U1: naringenin-7-O-glucoside and U2: kaempferol-3-O-glucoside were isolated for the first time, from ethyl acetate fraction of the stem bark of a traditional medicinal plant called Uapaca heudelotti. IR and NMR spectroscopy were used to elucidate the structures of the isolated compound. The two compounds were active against...

A series of five fluorinated chalcones (E)-3-(2′-ethoxyphenyl)-1-(4-Fluoro-2-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one(4),(E)-3-(3′,4′-diethoxyphenyl)-1-(4-fluoro-2-hydroxyl-phenyl)prop-2-en-1-one(5),(E)-3-(2′,3′-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)-1-(4-Fluoro-2-hydroxylphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one(6),(E)-3-(3′,5′-Bis[trifluoromethyl]phenyl)-1-(4-Fluoro-2-hydroxylphenyl)prop-2-...

The leaves of Tetracarpidium conophorum (African Walnut) were subjected to proximate analysis. The proximate analysis revealed organic matter which included Crude Protein (CP), Crude Fiber (CF), Crude Lipid (CL), and Nitrogen Free Extract (NFE) with these values 17.68%, 15.53%, 1.89% and 51.52% respectively. Ash was determined to be 13.38%. The dry...

A series of three new α-methylchalcone namely (E) -3-(2'-chlorophenyl)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-α�methyprop-2-en-1-one,(E)-3-(2'-ethoxyphenyl)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-α-methyprop-2-en-1-one and (E)- 3-(2', 3'- dihydrobenzo-furan-5-yl)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-α-methyprop-2-en-1-one were successfully synthesized by base-catalyzed Claisen-Schmidt condensation of...

In an attempt to search for new and efficient antifungal agents, five chalcones namely (E)-3-(4′-diethylaminophenyl), (E)-3-(2′-ethoxyphenyl), (E)-3-(3′,4′-diethoxyphenyl), (E)-3-(2′,3′-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl) and (E)-3-(3′,5′-bis[trifluoromethyl]phenyl)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl) prop-2-en-1-one were synthesized from 2-hydroxyacetophenone with the corres...

Fractions of Lannea humilis were utilized alone and combined with ciprofloxacin to assess their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Streptococcus pyogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis and Bacillus subtilis. The result showed that the fractions of Lannea humilis displayed antibacteri...

The aim of this experiment was to establish the phytochemical constitution and antioxidant activity of the fractions of Lannea humilis. Chemical investigation and antioxidant activity of the fractions were carried out using standard methods. Steroids and terpenes were available in the hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol fractions, while tannins, fl...

Flash vacuum pyrolysis at 600 °C through glass wool coated with freshly sublimed magnesium is examined as a preparative method for dehalogenative coupling in organic synthesis. Substituted benzylidene chlorides give predominantly the corresponding stilbenes and in some cases these are readily isolated in pure form. With an ortho-halogen substituent...

Levels of heavy metals: lead, chromium, manganese, zinc, copper and cadmium which were incorporated as glazes in the production of ceramic wares were analyzed in different ceramic materials using atomic absorption spectrophotometric method. The ceramic materials analyzed were spoon, pot, soup bowl, plate, mug and cup. Atomic absorption spectrophoto...

Objective: The aim was to determine the chemical constituents and antimicrobial activity of the hexane leaf extract of Anisopus mannii against a wide range of human pathogenic microorganisms. Methods: The chemical constituents of the hexane leaf extract was determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis; and the antimicro...

Nepata cateria (Labiatae) growing widely in northern Nigeria is used by most indigenes for the treatment of malaria and other related diseases. The in vivo anti-malarial activity of the methanol leaf extract was evaluated in mice infected with the chloroquine sensitive Plasmodium berghei berghei NK65 strain. Oral acute toxicity of the methanol leaf...

Background: Vernonia species are widely consumed as vegetables or medicinal herbs for the treatment of various human diseases in Nigeria. Nevertheless, there exists a growing concern for consumption safety of those herbal plants, due to increasing environmental pollution. This is because plants can accumulate some heavy metals that constitute a pot...

In recent years botanical antifeedants have received increasing attention in developing countries due to continued damaging of grains associated to post harvest insect pest. To develop a sustainable management of post harvest pest using local plant resources in Nigeria, Vernonia oocephala ethanol extract, chloroform and petroleum ether fractions we...

A range of halogenated methylthiophenes undergo dehalogenative condensation upon FVP over magnesium or calcium to give products including benzodithiophenes; in some cases this involves a novel rearrangement by equilibration of alkenylthienyl radicals via thiophene-fused cyclopropylmethyl intermediates.

The mineral contents of the leaves, stems and roots of Chenopodium ambrosioides (Linn) were determined using a Pye Unicam 969 Atomic Absorption spectrometer (AAS) for the metals and qualitative analyses including sodium fusion test, for the non-metals. AAS revealed the presence of K, Na, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Pb, Zn and Cd in the three parts of the plant...

The aim of this study is to assess the possible leaching of heavy metals from ceramic wares into different solutions. Ceramic spoon, pot, soup bowl, plate, mug and cup were leached in batch process using hot water and 4 % solutions of glacial acetic acid, HCl acid, NaOH and Na 2 CO 3 respectively. Chromium, manganese, lead, cadmium, zinc and copper...

The plant, Euadenia trifoliata belongs to the genus Euadenia in the familyCapparaceae. Phytochemical screening of the petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of the plant leaves indicated the presence of alkaloids, tannins, sterols, triterpenes, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids and saponins. Free and combined anthraquinones were however...

The concentrations of trace elements (Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb and Cd) in soil samples around NNPC Oil Depot Jos and those of a control area (about a kilometer away from the depot) were investigated by sequential extraction method using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). Results obtained showed the concentrations (mg/kg) of Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb and Cd in soil o...

Antioxidants activities from plants sources have attracted a wide range of interest across the world in recent times. This is due to growing concern for safe and alternative sources of antioxidants. The free radical scavenging activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), reducing power assay, total antioxidant capacity of the phosph...

The exhaustive extraction of Securidaca longepedunculata (Fresen) root bark harvested few days after rainy season with methanol gave an extract yield (19.82 %), which was then exhaustively fractionated with solvents of increasing polarity namely- n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. The remaining residue after solvent fractionation was regarded...

The effects of the crude aqueous extracts of the leaf, stem and root of Chenopodium ambrosioides Linn on the Red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), packed cells volume (PCV), clotting (coagulation) time (CT), bleeding time (BT), platelet count (PC) and heamoglobin concentrations (Hb) of 'Balb C' mice were assessed. Haematological parameter...

Terminalia avicennioides is used to treat tuberculosis in the folk medicine of the Nupes of North Central Nigeria. Activity guided fractionation of the extract resulted in the isolation of triterpenoid friedelin. The structure of the isolated compound was elucidated with the aid of spectral comparison of IR, UV, one and two dimensional NMR experime...

Antioxidant activity of methanol extract of Ethulia conyzoides was evaluated using the free radical scavenging activity of the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of the phosphomolybdenum method and the estimation of total phenolics content. The percent (%) scavenging (antioxidant) activity indicate a con...

Terminalia avicennioides Guill. & Perr. (Combretaceae) has been traditionally used as traditional medicine for centuries in Nupeland, North Central Nigeria for the treatment of respiratory diseases such as tuberculosis and cough. This study evaluates the in vitro antimycobacterial activities of the isolated compounds in order to support the therape...

Partially purified saponin fraction was obtained from column chromatography of crude saponin precipitate of the aerial part of Anisopus mannii, and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility study against pathogenic microorganisms using the disc diffusion technique. The result of the antimicrobial activity indicated by zone of inhibition of growth r...

Antioxidants activity of methanol leaves extract of Isoberlinia doka was evaluated using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging and reducing power assay. Total phenolics content, mineral element composition and preliminary phytochemical analyses were also carried out. The extract was found to have different levels of antioxidant c...

Leaf extract and fractions of Vernonia blumeoides were evaluated for total phenolics content (Folin-Ciocalteu method), free radical scavenging activity (1, l-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical assay), total antioxidant capacity (Phosphomolybdate assay) and ferric reducing power. The results of the phenolics content expressed in mg/100 g of Gallic Ac...

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Terminalia avicennioides Guill & Perr (Combretaceae) has been used traditionally as herbal remedies for centuries in West Africa for the treatment of diseases such as tuberculosis and cough. The brine shrimp lethality assay is considered a useful tool for preliminary assessment of toxicity. It has also been suggested...

Some Vernonia species (Vernonia ambigua, Vernonia blumeoides and Vernonia oocephala) used in Northern Nigerian traditional medicine, were subjected to phytochemical screening using standard procedures. The antibacterial activity using the disc diffusion method as outlined by the NCCLS was carried out on Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes...

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Antioxidant evaluation of Albizia chevalieri used in Northern Nigerian traditional medicine, was carried out using the free radical scavenging activity of the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), total phenolics content and reducing power assay on the methanol leave extract. The results of the DPPH scavenging activity study indicate a con...

The solvent extracted portions of the leaves, stem and root bark of the plant Bobgunnia madagascariensis were evaluated for antifeedant activity against the confused flour beetle of maize, Tribolium casteneum, Hbst; a storage pest of maize and its products. The compound, 3', 4', 5, 7- tetrahydroxy flavonol (Quercetin), a flavonoid isolated from the...

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Ten Nigerian medicinal plants Abrus precatorius, Annona senegalensis, Anogeissus leiocarpus, Crateva adansonii, Detarium microcarpum, Faba spp, Neocarya macrophylla, Ocimum gratissimum, Securidacalongpenduculata and Terminalia avicennioides used by traditional medicine practitioners for the management of infectious and chronic diseases such as tube...

Anisopus mannii (Asclepiadaceae) -a plant widely used as an anti-diabetic agent in Northern Nigerian traditional medicine, was subjected to antioxidant evaluation. The crude methanol extract, n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions were investigated for free radical scavenging activity of the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), total pheno...

Determination of fatty acids and sterols in oil is very important as they serve as the vital indicators of the activity and purity, respectively of the oils. A qualitative Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry study of oils from soy beans of two varieties (TGX 1802-1F, and TGX 1019-2EB) was done to determine their fatty acid, sterol and other comp...

Antioxidant evaluation of Bauhinia rufescens used in Northern Nigerian traditional medicine, was carried out using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and reducing power assay on the methanolic extract of the leaves. The results of the DPPH scavenging activity indicate a concentration dependent antioxidant activity with no significant dif...

Terpenoidal fractions were isolated from both Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC) Guill and Perr (Stem) and Terminalia avicennioides Guill and Perr (Root) and assayed against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The terpenoidal fractions exhibited antimicrobial activities against all the test microorganisms. All test organisms...

The aim of the study was to scientifically validate the claims that C. nigricans is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of skin diseases, infections and wounds. The leaves of Cassia nigricans is said to be used in traditional medicine for the treatment of peptic ulcer, gastro-intestinal disorders, diarrhoea and skin diseases. The glycosi...

Biochemical studies with a view to assess the nutritional potentials of Anisopus mannii were carried out by evaluating the proximate composition, mineral elements and anti-nutritional content of the plant. The results showed that the total oxalates, free cyanides, tannins and total cyanides were found to be present at 0.70 ± 0.5%, 6.50 ± 0.41%, 10....

The significance of secondary metabolites as antimicrobial agents and its chemistry in the drug development process is reviewed. The genus Anogeissus (Combretaceae) is widely distributed in most tropical and subtropical countries of the world. Anogeissus is a genus of trees, shrubs or small trees. The genus has eight species, five native to South A...