Adam Rondinone

• PhD
• Senior Researcher at Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Inspired by recent report on possible proton conductance through graphene we have investigated the behavior of pristine graphene and defect engineered graphene membranes for ionic conductance and selectivity with the goal of evaluating a possibility of its application as a proton selective membrane. The averaged conductance for pristine CVD (chemic...

With the ability to selectively control ionic flux, biological protein ion channels perform a fundamental role in many physiological processes. For practical applications that require the functionality of a biological ion channel, graphene provides a promising solid-state alternative, due to its atomic thinness and mechanical strength. Here, we dem...

By electron-beam (e-beam) melting, we prepared 0.4 wt% carbon-infused copper (CuCv4), and a copper control without carbon addition (CuCv0). Scanning electron microscopy and helium ion microscopy (HIM) were performed on the as-solidified surface, fracture surface, and ion-polished surface of the CuCv4 sample. The results revealed that graphitic carb...

Nanoscale texture of electrocatalysts, enabled by the tools of nanoscience, is emerging as an important lever for the control of electrochemical reaction pathways.

The adsorption of gas molecules at electrode-electrolyte interfaces is an important step in their electrochemical reactions. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate the adsorption of dissolved N2 in the electrical double layers (EDLs) of an aqueous electrolyte near planar and 1-nm-radius spherical carbon electrodes. The adsorption of N...

We prepared 0.4 wt. % carbon infused copper (i.e., copper covetic, CuCv) by electron-beam melting and deposited ≈18 nm-thick films of the CuCv on a substrate by electron-beam evaporation. Helium ion microscopy (HIM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) were used to study the characteristics of the carbon nanostructure in the CuCv bu...

Carbon electrodes have gained wide popularity in biosensing applications. In this paper, we discuss carbon nanospikes fabricated, using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposistion, on a silicon wafer. Carbon nanospikes are preferred due to its batch reproducibility. Scanning electron microscope and Raman spectroscopy demonstrate the spike-like and d...

Ammonia synthesis consumes 3 to 5% of the world’s natural gas, making it a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. Strategies for synthesizing ammonia that are not dependent on the energy-intensive and methane-based Haber-Bosch process are critically important for reducing global energy consumption and minimizing climate change. Motiva...

Well-dispersed ZnS nanocrystals with tailored size in aqueous solutions were synthesized by employing cysteine-sulfur (Cys-S) complexes with low molecular weight in a scalable anoxic vessel. High yield production of water-dispersed ZnS nanocrystals on a 10-L scale was demonstrated in an aqueous solution process. The average crystallite size of ZnS...

A simple, one-pot in situ synthesis of magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) has been developed by the thermal decomposition of a non–toxic Fe precursor, Fe(acac)3 (acac = acetylacetonate), and 1,2-hexadecanediol in an ionic liquid (IL), trihexyltetradecylphosphonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonimide) ([P6,6,6,14][Tf2N]). The IL acts as both a solven...

The cover shows a copper nanoparticle, which works in conjunction with adjacent nitrogen-doped carbon nanospikes to electrocatalytically convert carbon dioxide to ethanol, through a 12-electron reaction. The copper nanoparticle provides the initial adsorption site for carbon dioxide and mediates the first electroreduction to carbon monoxide. Next,...

Though carbon dioxide is a waste product of combustion, it can also be a potential feedstock for the production of fine and commodity organic chemicals provided that an efficient means to convert it to useful organic synthons can be developed. Herein we report a common element, nanostructured catalyst for the direct electrochemical conversion of CO...

Despite the frequent use of noble gas ion irradiation of graphene, the atomistic scale details, including the effects of dose, energy, and ion bombardment species on defect formation, and the associated dynamic processes involved in the irradiations and subsequent relaxation, have not yet been thoroughly studied. Here, we simulated the irradiation...

div class="title">Polarization Control via He-ion Beam Induced Nanofabrication in Layered Ferroelectric Semiconductors - Volume 22 Issue S3 - A. Belianinov, V. Iberi, A. Tselev, M. Susner, M. McGuire, D. Joy, S. Jesse, A. J. Rondinone, S. V. Kalinin, O. S. Ovchinnikova

div class="title">Building with Ions: Development of In-situ Liquid Cell Microscopy for the Helium Ion Microscope. - Volume 22 Issue S3 - Vighter Iberi, Anton Ievlev, Chance Brown, Adam J. Rondinone, David C. Joy, Alex Belianinov, Raymond R. Unocic, Olga S. Ovchinnikova

Atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are currently receiving significant attention due to their promising opto-electronic properties. Tuning optical and electrical properties of mono and few-layer TMDs, such as tungsten diselenide (WSe2), by controlling the defects, is an intriguing opportunity to synthesize next generation two d...

Atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are currently receiving significant attention due to their promising opto-electronic properties. Tuning optical and electrical properties of mono and few-layer TMDs, such as tungsten diselenide (WSe2), by controlling the defects, is an intriguing opportunity to synthesize next generation two d...

An in situ electrochemical small-angle neutron scattering (eSANS) method was developed to measure simultaneously the redox properties and size, shape and interactions of solution-dispersed nanomaterials. By combining multi-step potentials and chronocoulometry readout with SANS, the structure and redox properties of engineered nanomaterials are foll...

Rapid advances in nanoscience rely on continuous improvements of material manipulation at near-atomic scales. Currently, the workhorse of nanofabrication is resist-based lithography and its various derivatives. However, the use of local electron, ion, and physical probe methods is expanding, driven largely by the need for fabrication without the mu...

Achieving the ultimate limits of lithographic resolution and material performance necessitates engineering of matter with atomic, molecular, and mesoscale fidelity. With the advent of scanning helium ion microscopy, maskless He(+) and Ne(+) beam lithography of 2D materials, such as graphene-based nanoelectronics, is coming to the forefront as a too...

The attractive safety and long-term stability of all solid-state batteries has added a new impetus to the discovery and development of solid electrolytes for lithium batteries. Recently several superionic lithium conducting solid electrolytes have been discovered. All the superionic lithium containing compounds (β-Li3PS4 and Li10GeP2S12 and oxides,...

We report a novel production method for the uranium oxyfluoride [(UO2)7F14(H2O)7]*4H2O, referred to as structure D. Structure D is produced as a product of hydrating anhydrous uranyl fluoride, UO2F2, through the gas phase at ambient temperatures followed by desiccation by equilibration with a dry environment. We follow the structure of [(UO2)7F14(H...

We describe here how the exchange bias effect in Co/CoO nanoparticles depends on the size focusing and temperature treatment of precursor Co nanoparticles before oxidation at ambient conditions. By appealing to magnetization, microscopy, neutron, and synchrotron X-ray measurements, we found that as-synthesized Co nanoparticles readily oxidize in ai...

Support plays a complex role in catalysis by supported metal oxides and the exact support effect still remains elusive. One of the approaches to gain fundamental insights into the support effect is to utilize model support systems. In this paper, we employed for the first time titania nanoshapes as the model supports and investigated how the variat...

The potential of improving the fracture toughness of synthetic hydroxyapatite (HAp) by incorporating carboxyl functionalized single walled carbon nanotubes (CfSWCNTs) and polymerized ε-caprolactam (nylon) was studied. A series of HAp samples with CfSWCNTs concentrations varying from 0 to 1.5 wt.%, without, and with nylon addition was prepared. X-ra...

In this work, we report a solvothermal synthesis method that allows the crystallization of quartz to occur at a relatively low temperature of 300 °C in the form of isolated nanosized euhedral crystals. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small area electron diffraction (SAED) were used to confirm the phases present and their particle sizes,...

Uranyl fluoride is a three-layer, hexagonal structure with significant stacking disorder in the c-direction. It supports a range of unsolved ‘thermodynamic’ hydrates with 0–2.5 water molecules per uranium atom, and perhaps more. However, the relationship between water, hydrate crystal structures, and thermodynamic results, collectively representing...

Atomic force microscopy was used to monitor the macroscopic deformation in a delaminated Ti3C2 paper electrode in situ, during charge/discharge in a variety of aqueous electrolytes to examine the effect of the cation intercalation on the electrochemical behavior and mechanical response. The results show a strong dependence of the electrode deformat...

div class="title">Scanning Helium Ion Microscopy-Induced Secondary Electron Yields of Composite Materials - Volume 21 Issue S3 - Vighter Iberi, Uk Huh, Yueying Wu, Philip D. Rack, Adam J. Rondinone, David C. Joy

Nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) is effective in reductively degrading dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs), such as trichloroethene (TCE), in groundwater (i.e., dechlorination) although the NZVI technology itself still suffers from high material costs and inability to target hydrophobic contaminants in source zones. To address these problems,...

Advances in materials design and device engineering led to inverted organic solar cells (i-OSCs) with superior power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) to their “conventional” counterparts, in addition to the well-known better ambient stability. Here, we report an in-depth morphology study of the i-OSC active and cathode modifying layers, employing a m...

The remarkable mechanical and electronic properties of graphene make it an ideal candidate for next generation nanoelectronics. With the recent development of commercial-level single-crystal graphene layers, the potential for manufacturing household graphene-based devices has improved, but significant challenges still remain with regards to pattern...

Introduction: Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) has the potential for killing micro-metastases with minimum collateral damage to surrounding healthy tissue. In-vivo generator radionuclides, such as(223)Ra, (225)Ra, and (225)Ac, are of special interest for radiotherapeutic applications as they emit multiple α-particles during their decay. Utilizing appr...

Solid polymer electrolytes, such as polyethylene oxide (PEO) based systems, have the potential to replace liquid electrolytes in secondary lithium batteries with flexible, safe, and mechanically robust designs. Previously reported PEO nanocomposite electrolytes routinely use metal oxide nanoparticles that are often 5-10 nm in diameter or larger. Th...

Adding a small amount of a processing additive to the casting solution of photoactive organic blends has been demonstrated to be an effective method for achieving improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) in organic photovoltaics (OPVs). However, an understanding of the nano-structural evolution occurring in the transformation from casting solutio...

Method of forming lithium-containing electrolytes are provided using wet chemical synthesis. In some examples, the lithium containing electrolytes are composed of β-Li3PS4 or Li4P2S7. The solid electrolyte may be a core shell material. In one embodiment, the core shell material includes a core of lithium sulfide (Li2S), a first shell of β-Li3PS4 or...

We report the growth of a nanospiked, carbon thin film electrode by an inexpensive, non-catalytic plasma enhanced CVD process on Si substrates. The electron transfer kinetics for various redox probes of these carbon nanospikes (CNS) were determined and compared with glassy carbon and CNS exposed to oxygen plasma or a high temperature ammonia soak....

A series of semiconducting zinc sulfide (ZnS) nanoparticles were scalably, reproducibly, controllably, and economically synthesized with anaerobic metal-reducing Thermoanaerobacter species. They reduced partially oxidized sulfur sources to sulfides that extracellularly and thermodynamically incorporated with zinc ions to produce sparingly soluble Z...

The attractive safety and long-term stability of all solid-state batteries has added a new impetus to the discovery and development of solid electrolytes for lithium batteries. Sulfide-based compounds are promising in terms of conductivity and cyclability, and in the chemical systems Li2S—P2S5/GeS2/SnS2, crystalline compounds like Li3PS4,[1] Li10Ge...

Neutron and X-ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, and specific heat measurements have been used to investigate the magnetic and structural phase transitions of the spinel system Fe1+xCr2-xO4(0.0<=x<=1.0). The temperature versus Fe concentration (x) phase diagram features two magnetically ordered states and four structural states below 420 K....

Best of both worlds: a composite electrolyte of LLZO and LPS successfully combines low grain boundary resistance, room temperature processability and low interfacial resistance of LPS with the excellent electrochemical stability and ionic conductivity of LLZO. The composite electrolyte improves the ionic conductivity of parent electrolytes and augm...

The general consensus in the studies of nanostructured carbon catalysts for oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of alkanes to olefins is that the oxygen functionalities generated during synthesis and reaction are responsible for the catalytic activity of these nanostructured carbons. Identification of the highly active oxygen functionalities would enab...

Structure-electrochemical property correlation is presented for lithium-manganese-rich layered-layered nickel manganese cobalt oxide (LMR-NMC) having composition Li1.2Co0.1Mn0.55Ni0.15O2 (TODA HE5050) in order to examine the possible reasons for voltage fade during short-to-mid-term electrochemical cycling. The Li1.2Co0.1Mn0.55Ni0.15O2 based cathod...

Crystalline polymorphism of organic semiconductors is among the critical factors in determining the structure and properties of the resultant organic electronic devices. Herein we report for the first time a solvent-type-dependent polymorphism of a long fused-ring organic semiconductor and its crucial effects on charge transport. A new polymorph of...

Magnetic cobalt nanoparticles have potential applications in magnetic data storage devices. They can be arranged densely enough on a substrate to eclipse current data storage methods. At temperatures below the blocking temperature (Tb), these nanoparticles can retain the direction of their magnetic moment even when an applied magnetic field is remo...

We use 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)pentacene as a model small molecule organic semiconductor and two conjugated polymer additives to demonstrate conjugated polymer-mediated polymorphism of a small molecule organic semiconductor for the first time. The conjugated polymer additives, used with a slow solution crystallization approach, yield crys...

Lateral and vertical phase separations play critical roles in the performance of the next-generation organic and hybrid electronic devices. A method is demonstrated here to switch between lateral and vertical phase separations in semiconducting 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene (TIPSE pentacene)/polymer blend films by simply varying the...

We report microbially facilitated synthesis of cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanostructured particles (NP) using anaerobic, metal-reducing Thermoanaerobacter sp. The extracellular CdS crystallites were <10 nm in size with yields of ~3 g/L of growth medium/month with demonstrated reproducibility and scalability up to 24 L. During synthesis, Thermoanaerobact...

Retaining radioactive daughter products at a clinically relevant target site remains one of the major challenges in development of in vivo a generators with radionuclides such as Ac-225 and Ra-223. In this work, we examine the ability of layered nanoparticle constructs to retain Ac-225 and the first decay daughter, Fr-221. Actinium-225 is cocrystal...

Nanostructured graphitic forms of carbons have shown intersting potential for catalysis research and are ideal candidates to substitute the conventional metal-oxide catalysts because they can be easily disposed, which enables a greener, more sustainable catalytic process. Few-layer graphene and its functionalized form offer the opportunity to inves...

Simultaneous Rietveld refinements of X-ray and neutron powder diffraction patterns were applied to study the effect of Fe substitution on the crystal structure properties of the Ca5−x Fex (PO4)3OH system (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3). From variations of the Ca(1) and Ca(2) site occupancies and modifications of interatomic distances with x, it is inferred that Fe s...

We report significant improvement in mechanical properties of SC-15 epoxy when reinforced with decorated nanotubes and cured in a modest magnetic field. The chemical synthesis and field curing process is a low cost and relatively easy technique to impose strong magnetic anisotropy into the system without the need of a superconducting magnet. SWCNT(...

Understanding the chain conformation of conjugated polymers in casting solutions and its impact on the crystalline morphology of solution-cast thin films is crucial for many electronic applications. Using small-angle neutron scattering, we show that well-dissolved poly(3-hexyl thiophene) (P3HT) chains in good solvent (chloroform) form long rectangu...

In this work, diketopyrrolopyrrole-based polymer bulk heterojunction solar cells with inverted and regular architecture have been investigated. The influence of the polymer:fullerene ratio on the photoactive film nanomorphology has been studied in detail. Transmission Electron Microscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy reveal that the resulting film mo...

Lithium-ion conducting solid electrolytes hold the promise for enabling high-energy battery chemistries and circumventing safety issues of conventional lithium batteries. Achieving the combination of high ionic conductivity and broad electrochemical window in solid electrolytes is a grand challenge for the synthesis of battery materials. Herein we...

Targeted radiotherapies maximize cytotoxicty to cancer cells. In vivo α-generator targeted radiotherapies can deliver multiple α particles to a receptor site dramatically amplifying the radiation dose delivered to the target. The major challenge with α-generator radiotherapies is that traditional chelating moieties are unable to sequester the radio...

Galvanic replacement reaction has been used to synthesize various metal nanostructures, in which a more cathodic (less active) metal was generated by the replacement reaction between the metal precursor solution and a more anodic (active) metal (template material). To date, Ag, Cu, Ni, and Co have been used as template materials to fabricate new na...

Herein, we report on the facile synthesis of AgCl:Ag and AgCl mesocubes with edge lengths up to 500 nm. When these mesostructures were placed under an electron beam, localized heating resulted in the decomposition of the AgCl regions of the respective materials leading to the formation of highly textured silver nanostructures. Furthermore, we utili...

A series of novel injectable and photo-crosslinkable poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF)-co-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) copolymers are synthesized via two-step polycondensation to improve both stiffness and toughness and to promote biological performance of bone tissue engineering scaffolds. The viscoelastic behavior of uncrosslinked PPF...

Nanophase separation plays a critical role in the performance of donor–acceptor based organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. Although post-fabrication annealing is often used to enhance OPV efficiency, the ability to exert precise control over phase separated domains and connectivity remains elusive. In this work, we use a diblock copolymer to systema...

We explore the potential of energy filtered transmission electron microscopy (Zeiss Libra 120) and helium ion microscopy (Zeiss Orion) in studying various polymer films and membranes. The energy filtered TEM including low eV imaging and standard three-window elemental mapping are coupled with electron energy loss spectroscopy, energy dispersive spe...

The support effect has long been an intriguing topic in catalysis research. With the advancement of nanomaterial synthesis, the availability of faceted oxide nanocrystals provides the opportunity to gain unprecedented insights into the support effect by employing these well-structured nanocrystals. In this Letter, we show by utilizing ceria nanosha...

The deterministic growth of oriented crystalline organic nanowires (CONs) from the vapor-solid chemical reaction (VSCR) between small-molecule reactants and metal nanoparticles has been demonstrated in several studies to date; however, the growth mechanism has not yet been conclusively understood. Here, the VSCR growth of M-TCNQF(4) (where M is Cu-...

Fayalite (Fe2SiO4), and other Fe-rich olivine, is often found in the reducing environments of the Moon, Mars, and other extraterrestrial bodies, but the oxidation state of the terrestrial mantle restricts the amount of Fe found in olivine on Earth. For this reason, synthetic fayalite is needed for use in planetary-analog and other studies. Here we...

Rapid growth in nanomaterial applications (energy, cosmetics and healthcare products) highlights limitations of available physicochemical characterization methods. An in situ electrochemical small-angle neutron scattering (eSANS) methodology was devised that enables direct measurements of nano and colloid material dispersion structure while undergo...

Multi-substituted hydroxyapatite (HAp) with crystallite size 4-130 nm is the major mineral phase in physiological apatites. Substitutions at all ionic sites affect their physicochemical properties. Fe is one of the minor substitutions at the Ca sites of HAp. It is important because it reduces the solubility of HAp, functioning as a cavities prevent...

Using rf- sputtering technique we have exploited phase-separated self-assembly and developed epitaxial, nanostructured composite films composed of phase separated, and vertically oriented p-n interfacial nanocolumns of Cu2O (p type; 2eV bandgap) and TiO2 (n type; 3.2 eV bandgap). The characteristic band gaps of these phases allow extension of the s...

ABSTRACT The structure of vanadium oxide species supported on ceria (VOx/CeO2) was investigated under various conditions by in situ multi-wavelength Raman spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, isotopic labeling and temperature programmed reduction (TPR). For the first time, the detailed structure of dehydrated VOx species was revealed on the polycrystalli...

The magnetic properties of zinc ferrite (Zn-substituted magnetite, ZnyFe1-yFe2O4) formed by a microbial process compared favorably with chemically synthesized materials. A metal reducing bacterium, Thermoanaerobacter, strain TOR-39 was incubated with ZnxFe1−xOOH (x=0.01, 0.1, and 0.15) precursors and produced nanoparticulate zinc ferrites. Composit...

Nanoscale materials have been envisioned as carriers for various therapeutic drugs, including radioisotopes. Inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) are particularly appealing vehicles for targeted radiotherapy because they can package several radioactive atoms into a single carrier and can potentially retain daughter radioisotopes produced by in vivo genera...

The polyhedral cage volumes of structure I (sI) (carbon dioxide, methane, trimethylene oxide) and structure II (sII) (methane–ethane, propane, tetrahydrofuran, trimethylene oxide) hydrates are computed from atomic positions determined from neutron powder-diffraction data. The ideal structural formulas for sI and sII are, respectively, S2L6 · 46H2O...

Neutron powder diffraction data confirm that hydrate samples synthesized with propane crystallize as structure type II hydrate. The structure has been modeled using rigid-body constraints to describe C 3 H 8 molecules located in the eight larger polyhedral cavities of a deuterated host lattice. Data were collected at 12, 40, 100, 130, 160, 190, 220...

A single-crystal sapphire cell for performing neutron-scattering experiments on gas hydrates synthesized in situ was designed and fabricated to operate at pressures up to 350 bar (1 bar = 10 ⁵ Pa) and temperatures between 10 and 300 K. The single-crystal cell is cut off-axis from the c-axis of sapphire to avoid Bragg diffraction in the scattering p...

Raman spectra were collected from structure I (sI) and structure II (sII) trimethylene oxide (TMO) hydrates at various temperatures and used to assign the vibrational modes, investigate the ordering of TMO molecules inside the cage structure, and to determine possible interactions between the guest and the host lattice. Only Raman spectra from sI h...

Average crystallite sizes of microbially synthesized pure, metal-, and lanthanide-substituted magnetite (bio-magnetite) were determined for a variety of incubation times and temperatures, substitutional elements and amounts, bacterial species, and precursor types. The intriguing difference between nanoparticle bio-magnetite and chemically synthesiz...

Production of both nano-sized particles of crystalline pure phase magnetite and magnetite substituted with Co, Ni, Cr, Mn, Zn or the rare earths for some of the Fe has been demonstrated using microbial processes. This microbial production of magnetic nanoparticles can be achieved in large quantities and at low cost. In these experiments, over 1 kg...

Controllable synthesis approaches for organic nanowires that permit the in situ fabrication of devices will enable future applications in nano-electronics and nano-optoelectronics. Here, the first synthesis of single-crystal silver-tetrafluorotetracyano-p-quinodimethane (Ag-TCNQF4) nanowires is reported. Ag-TCNQF4 is a good charge-transfer complex...

Hierarchically patterned macroporous TiO2 structures can be fabricated via the spontaneous self-assembly of TiO2 nanoparticles prepared using a mixture of 1-octadecene (ODE) and an ODE-immiscible 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium-based ionic liquid as the reaction medium. A study of the influence of side chain lengths of ionic liquids (n=4, 8, or 16) rev...

In this paper we report the recent advances in nanodielectrics that were developed and tested for cryogenic dielectric applications. The systems studied are composed of nanometer size particles. Particles were produced using either an ex-situ or in-situ technique. It is observed that there are clear differences in the structural properties of mater...

In this paper, we report the dielectric properties of composite systems (nanodielectrics) made of small amounts of mono dispersed magnetic nanoparticles embedded in a polymer matrix. It is observed from the transmission electron microscope images that the matrix polymeric material is confined in approximately 100 nm size cages between particle clus...

Magnetite crystals precipitated as a consequence of Fe(III) reduction by Shewanella algae BrY after 265 h incubation and 5-year anaerobic storage were investigated with transmission electron microscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The magnetite crystals were typically superparamagnetic with an approximate size of 13 nm. The lattic...

Our previous research demonstrated that biosynthesized magnetite (biomagnetite) exhibited similar properties as chemically synthesized magnetite. To complement uses of the traditional chemically synthesized magnetite (chem-magnetite) biomagnetite must be exhibit highly reproducible sizes and be available in scalable qualities. Here we emphasize pot...

This work focuses on developing nanoparticle-bound magnetically responsive materials that can be applied to the area of chemical separations. Poly(ethyleneglycol) (PEG) chains were tethered onto silicon oxide-coated silicon wafers via urethane moieties, forming relatively homogeneous layers as determined from X-ray reflectometry, ellipsometry, and...

The hydrothermal Mo−V-based mixed oxide catalysts possessing the M1-phase structure were investigated by XANES and in situ X-ray diffraction under ambient and dynamic redox conditions in the presence of O2 and H2 at 693 K. Under ambient conditions, XANES, with the use of model compounds, suggested oxidation states of Nb, Te, Mo, and V close to 5+,...

Catalysts derived from non-thermal plasma techniques have previously shown unusual and highly advantageous catalytic properties including room temperature reduction, unusual metal particle structure and metal-support interactions, and enhanced selectivity and stability. This study focuses on the characterization of Al2O3 supported Ni catalysts deri...

Monodisperse, highly luminescent, zinc blende, cadmium sulphide selenide (CdS{sub x}Se{sub 1-x}, x=mole fraction of sulphur) quantum dots (QDs) were prepared in gram scales in the particle size range 2?6-4?3 nm. With the varying S and Se contents, emission wavelengths of CdS{sub x}Se{sub 1-x} QDs were tuned from 439 to 581 nm (?exc.=370 nm). QDs we...

Nanoparticles (NP) have potential as carriers for drugs and radioisotopes. Quantitative measures of NP biodistribution in vivo are needed to determine the effectiveness of these carriers. We have used a model system of radiolabeled quantum dots to document the competition between efficient vascular targeting and interaction of the NP with the retic...

A friendly phase: Bulk mixed-metal Mo-V-Te-Nb oxides are highly promising catalysts for the environmentally friendly selective ammoxidation of propane to acrylonitrile and oxidation of propane to acrylic acid. In this context, the crystal structures and catalytic behavior of Mo-V-Te-Nb-O, Mo-V-Te-O, and Mo-V-O M1 phase catalysts have been studied.

Applications of commercially available, highly efficient inorganic scintillators (particle size: μm) are limited by their low solubilities in both polymeric and sol-gel matrices. On the other hand, organic scintillators, though highly soluble in polystyrene-based matrices, are not compatible with an efficient neutron inorganic absorber, 6Li, and th...

Efficient storage of hydrogen for use in fuel cell-powered vehicles is a challenge that is being addressed in different ways, including adsorptive, compressive, and liquid storage approaches. In this paper we report on adsorptive storage in nanoporous carbon fibers in which palladium is incorporated prior to spinning and carbonization/activation of...

The magnetic susceptibility (κRT) and saturation magnetization (MS) of microbially synthesized magnetites were systematically examined. Transition metal (Cr, Mn, Co, Ni and Zn)- and lanthanide (Nd, Gd, Tb, Ho and Er)-substituted magnetites were microbially synthesized by the incubation of transition metal (TM)- and lanthanide (L)-mixed magnetite pr...

Radioactive cadmium telluride/zinc sulfide (Cd125mTe/ZnS) nanoparticles were targeted to mouse lung with antibody to mouse lung endothelium and quantified using radiological histology in order to test the in vivo targeting efficacy of a nanoparticle–antibody (NP–mAb) system. The nanoparticles were linked to either a monoclonal antibody to mouse lun...